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建筑地點:陽泉開發(fā) constructionSite:結(jié)構(gòu)形式:框架結(jié) construction Frame建筑面積:5880 floorArea:層數(shù)/高度:5層 stories/Height:5stories/21主要用途:教學(xué)、辦 mainUse:teaching、框架結(jié) framecast- cast- 屋面正截 normal綜合樓是一座以教學(xué)為主的集辦公、等功能的建筑物。在設(shè)計理念上,"Flexibleuse"andcombinationofgreeningandbuildinglatgelyimproveitsoutsideshopenvironment.Intheinside,laige,mediumandsmall--sizedspice,togetheiwiththevariousbuildingelemenrslikediagonalandcurve,createsadenseatmosphere.Xin'zaconveysthetraditionalcharmofmodernarcheffectivelyGerizaisanintegratedincludingshop,restaurants,entertainmentcenteandoffices.Intermsofdesignconcept,thedesignerstriedtofullymaterializeboththefeaturesoffirst-classmodemshopmallandtheuniqueidentityofFriendshipShopMall.Intermsofoverallform,thisshopmallgivesprioritytomodernismandnovelty---itsconciseandlivelyshapeconveysasenseofvigorandaggression.Steelstrure,aluminumteouterdecorationandsuspendedcablepointglasscurtainwallandothermewtechniqueandmaterialsareintroducedintothedesign,givingprominencetothecharacteristicofsteelstructure.Theharmoniouscombinationofsteel,glassandaluminumpatecreatesanidantityofmodematchitecturethatcannotonlymeetthefunctionalrequirementsbutalsoassortwiththeenvuribnebt.Thetransparentfloorglasscurtainwallmakestheoutdoorandindoorspacemeet.Anditisalsoawindow,showingthepassersbytheindoorsceneryoftheshopmall.

第一部分建筑設(shè)計說明工程簡設(shè)計題目:本建筑位于陽泉市開發(fā)區(qū),場地地形平坦。其擬 平面圖見附圖 結(jié)構(gòu)形式:,5880mm2為1800mm2辦公區(qū)面積大約為400mm2面積大約為1000mm2其他房屋面1000mm24.2m;,建筑技術(shù)條件資0.40KN/m20.35KN/m2工程地質(zhì)條件(見設(shè)計任務(wù)書建筑方案簡要說根據(jù)我國自己的實踐建議采用三種開間模數(shù),即3M.采用這相關(guān)模數(shù)的優(yōu)點③與我一的標準窗扇采用0.3m為倍數(shù)尺度結(jié)合起來故本建筑采用建筑3m。進深:6.9m層高:4.2m頂棚:地面:60mm2以上的均設(shè)置兩個以上的門。各層均設(shè)消防栓。底層開一個大門,樓內(nèi)設(shè)有2.4m建筑物的優(yōu)缺建設(shè)項目名稱:太工陽泉學(xué)建筑介紹:5880120設(shè)計資料氣象條件:基本風(fēng)壓0.40KN/m2 基本雪壓0.35KN/m2。工程地質(zhì)條件:根據(jù)對建筑的勘察結(jié)果,地質(zhì)情況見表1建筑場地類別:II設(shè)防烈度:7表 建筑地層一覽序號類圍力152土83砂142050厚聚苯乙烯塑料板保溫2012012020樓面做法:3012020材料:C30,HPB335HPB235,HPB235L1/L2≤2本建筑樓蓋全部采用混凝土強度等級為C30現(xiàn)澆雙向板且設(shè)次梁。本建筑柱網(wǎng)尺4.5m×6.9m。設(shè)計內(nèi)建筑設(shè)計說明,總平面圖(比例1:500;首層平面圖、二層~五層平面圖(任選其中二層、正立面圖、側(cè)立面圖不少于2(比例1:100;剖面圖2(比例1:100(1:202完成結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計計算書一份(統(tǒng)一用紙荷載匯集作用計算風(fēng)荷載計算荷載組合及內(nèi)力分析一榀框架計算;1:100;基礎(chǔ)詳圖,比1:30~1:50;1:100,1~51:30~1:50;1:30~1:50;其它必要的構(gòu)件配筋圖,1:30~1:50。3①設(shè)計說明書一份(采用統(tǒng)一稿紙,并 輸出,內(nèi)容包括●中 要(600字左右●建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計說明書(3000~4000●結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計計算書(2,12~1410.40KN/m20.35KN/m2。根據(jù)對建筑的勘察結(jié)果,地質(zhì)情況見表建筑場地類別:II設(shè)防烈度:7表 建筑地層一覽圍123411 、規(guī)范、規(guī)《建筑制圖標準》(GB/T50104-《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)制圖標準》(GB/T50105-《教學(xué)樓建筑設(shè)計規(guī)范》(JBJ/67-《建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范》(GBJ/6-《民用建筑設(shè)計通則》(JGJ/37-《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范》(GB50009-《混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范》(GB50010-《建筑地礎(chǔ)設(shè)計規(guī)范》(GB50007-2.4m,4.2m,如下圖所示:框架結(jié)構(gòu)承重方案的選梁、柱截面尺寸的初步確定L1、L4取b×h=250×500L2、L3、L6b×h=300×600L5取b×h=300×850L7L8、L9框架柱的截面尺寸根據(jù)柱的軸壓比限值,按下列計算N=βFgE注:β考慮作用組合后柱軸壓力增大系數(shù)FgE14KN/m2。n注:uN為框架柱軸壓比限值,本方案為二級抗震等級,查《抗震規(guī)0.8。fc為混凝土抗壓強度設(shè)計值,對C30,查得14.3N/mm2。N=βFgEA≥N/uf NN=βFgEA≥N/uf N柱截面尺寸1-1-梁柱線剛度的計橫梁線剛度iblBCDECDACDFABEF柱線剛度ic12--根 (D值法)根③、C-1、D-1、C-13、D-13、D-4、D-5、D-11、D-12(8④、C-2、D-2、C-3、D-3、C-4、C-5、C-11、C-12、C-7、C-9(10⑤、B-5、B-11(2)⑥、A-5、A-11、F-5、F-11(4)E-5、E-11(2) Di8=α×12×i A-7、A-9(2) Di9=α×12×i ⑩.C-6、C-10、D-6、D-7、D-8、D-9、D- Di6=α×12×i ?.B-7、B-9(2) Di6=α×12×i ∑D1=16576× × × × × × b.第二層~ Di1=α×12×i ②、B-1、B-13、E-1、E-4、E-12、E-13(6)③、C-1、D-1、C-13、D-13、D-4、D-5、D-11、D- (8根 Di3=α×12×i C-7C-9(10 Di4=α×12×i ⑤、B-5、B-11(2) Di5=α×12×i ⑥、A-5、A-11、F-5、F-11(4) Di6=α×12×i ⑦、E-5、E-11(2⑧、F-6、F-7、F-8、F-9、F-10、A-6、A-10(7 Di8=α×12×i ⑨、A-7、A-9(2 Di9=α×12×i Di6=α×12×i ?.B-7、B-9(2) Di6=α×12×i =12345 資料準備① 屋面永久荷載標準值(不上人三氈四油綠豆 0.420厚水泥砂漿找平 20×0.02=0.450厚聚苯乙烯塑料板保溫 0.05×0.5=0.02520厚水泥砂漿找平 20×0.02=0.4平均厚度120㎜厚礦渣找坡 0.12×8=0.96120厚鋼筋混凝土 25×0.12=3.020㎜厚板底抹 17×0.02=0.34合 5.35②、1-430㎜厚水磨石地 0.65120厚鋼筋混凝土 25×0.12=3.020㎜厚板底抹 合 3.99不上人屋面均布活荷載標準 0.7樓面活荷載標準 2.0屋面雪荷載標準 0.3525蒸壓粉煤灰加氣混凝土砌 重力荷載代表值的計算773(根柱250mm6200mm單跨重量數(shù)量總重CD250mm,1700mm,4200-600=3600mm。(1.7×3.6-數(shù)量總重250mm2300mm單跨重量數(shù)量總重DF250mm,9200mm,4200-850=3350mm。單跨重量數(shù)量總重BC250mm,6200mm,4200-600=3600mm。單跨重量數(shù)量總重橫墻總重1~2跨外墻:單積:[(3.8×3.7)-(2.7×3.8)]×0.25=0.95m3 5~6跨外墻:單積:[(3.8×3.7)-(3.5×2.7)]×0.25=0.875m3 (3.8×3.7-數(shù)量 總重m(3.5×3.0- m1~2跨內(nèi)縱墻:單積:[(3.8×3.7)-(1×2.1)]×0.25=2.99m3 5~6跨內(nèi)縱墻:單積(3.8×3.7)×0.25=3.238m3 、窗戶計算(鋼框玻璃窗C-1:尺寸重量C-2:尺寸重量C-3:尺寸重量C-4:尺寸重量總重木門:M-1:尺寸重量M-2:尺寸重量M-3:尺寸重量總重、樓板恒載、活載計算(樓梯間按樓板計算面積:263.315+507.275+130.6=901.19(m2)恒載:3.99×901.19=3595.7481KN活載G1=G恒+0.5×G×1.05+575.32+451.72+84.324+14.847+( .3)×1.05第二層~A7~9C7~9G=10491.4426+12.898+33.11-9.24-柱(575.32-女兒墻體積:0.60.25(36+16.9+18+25.2+12)+1.50.250

(84.324+6.72)/2=45.522KN(9.2×3.35-數(shù)量:2總重:6.76×2×5.5=74.36KN雪載由以上計算可知,頂端重力荷載代表值為G頂=G恒 集中于各樓層標高處的重力荷載代表值Gi橫向自振周期的計算基本自振周期T1(s)可按下式計算:T

(u 注:uTGi作為水平荷載而算得ψT0.6。uT按以下計算:(△u)i=VGi/∑D注:∑Dij為第i(△u)i為第i(△u)k為第ks∑D54321T

(u 水平作用及樓層剪力的計算主,故可用底部剪力法計算水平作用,即:、結(jié)構(gòu)等效總重力荷載代表值Geq 、計算水平影響系數(shù)查表得二類場地近震特征周期值Tg=0.35s。7аmax=0.08、結(jié)構(gòu)總的水平作用標準值FEk各質(zhì)點橫向水平作用按下式計算:Fi=GiHiFEk(1-作用下各樓層水平層間剪力Vi各質(zhì)點橫向水平作用及樓層剪力計算54321∑各質(zhì)點水平作用及樓層剪力沿房屋高度的分布見下圖(具體數(shù)值見上表多遇水平作用下的位移驗算水平作用下框架結(jié)構(gòu)的層間位移(△u)i和頂點位移ui分別按下列(△u)i=Vi/∑Du橫向水平作用下的位移驗∑Di54321水平作用下框架內(nèi)力計算框架柱端剪力及彎矩分別按下列計算Vij=DijViMb=V Mu=V(1- 注:yny2、y3為上下層層高變化時反彎點高度比的修正值。y底層柱需考慮修正值y2,第二層柱需考慮修正值y1和y3,其它柱均。各層柱端彎矩及剪力計算(邊柱∑D邊kyMbMu54321各層柱端彎矩及剪力計算(中柱∑D中kYMbMu54321梁端彎矩、剪力及柱軸力分別按以下計算 Ml=il +M )/(i Mr=ir +M V=(Ml+Mr)/ bblbbl5--4--3--2-1--③軸線橫向框架梁剪力圖 ③軸線橫向框架柱軸力圖水平風(fēng)荷載的計0基本風(fēng)壓ω=0.4KN/m27.3得μS=0.8-(-0.5)=1.3B,H/B=22.3/22.9=0.97《荷載規(guī)1.501234554321FW1K=0.91×0.4×4.5×(0.99×4.2+0.82×5.5)=14.2風(fēng)荷載作用下的水平位移驗算1i312345Fi/Vi/△Ui/Ui/△Ui由此可見,最大層間彈性位移角發(fā)生在第一層,1/1914<1/550風(fēng)荷載作用下框架內(nèi)力計算各層柱端彎矩及剪力計算(邊柱∑D邊kyMbMu54321各層柱端彎矩及剪力計算(中柱∑D中kYMbMu54321bblbbl5--4--3--2--1--③軸線橫向框架彎矩圖③軸線橫向框架梁剪力圖③軸線橫向框架梁剪力圖③軸線橫向框架柱軸力圖計算單元的選擇確定4.5m,由于房間內(nèi)布置有主梁(b×h=300mm×600mm,故直接傳給該框架的樓面荷載如圖中的水平陰影所示。計算單元范圍內(nèi)的其余樓面荷荷載計算5q1q1=0.3×0.6×1.05×25=4.725 qq 2q2=5.525×4.5=24.863KN/mq,=5.525×2.4=13.262P1=2.25×2.25×5.525+3.281×4.5+18×0.25×0.6×4.5=54.88KN集中力矩=54.88×(0.7-=12.348KN·m=64.614×(0.7-=14.5381-4算算5

q1=4.725+4.448=9.173 qq 2q2=3.99×4.5=17.955KN/mq,=3.99×2.4=9.5762=44.293KN3.7-=64.952集中力矩=44.293×(0.7-=9.966KN·m=64.952×(0.7-=14.6145q2=0.7×4.5=3.15KN/mq2,=2.4×0.7=1.68KN/mP1=2.25×2.25×0.7=3.544KNP2=[2.25×2.25+(1.05+2.25)×1.2×2/2]×0.7=6.316集中力矩=3.544×(0.7-=0.797KN·m=6.316×(0.7-=1.421q2=4.5×0.35=1.575KN/mq2,=2.4×0.35=0.84KN/mP1=2.25×2.25×0.35=1.772KNP2=[2.25×2.25+(1.05+2.25)×1.2×2/2]0.35=3.158集中力矩=1.772×(0.7-=0.399KN·m=3.158×(0.7-=0.7111-4q2=4.5×2=92q,=2.4×2=4.8KN/mP1=2.25×2.25×2=10.125KN2P2=[2.25×2.25+(1.05+2.25)×1.2×2/2]×2=18.045集中力矩=10.125×(0.7-=2.278KN·m=18.045×(0.7-=4.06q251-層次,51-95-M=ql2/12+ql2(1- 1 2)=9.173×6.92/12+17.955×6.92×[1-2×(0.348)2+(0.348)=97.655-M=q,l2/12+5q,l2 =6.2461-4-M=ql2/12+ql2(1- 1 2=9.173×6.92/12+17.955×6.92×[1-=93.379-M=q,l2/12+5q,l2 =7.2765-M=ql2(1- 2=3.15×6.92×[1-=9.997-M=5q,l2 =0.5041-4-M=ql2(1- 2=9×6.92×[1-=28.564-M=5q,l2 =1.44內(nèi)力計算(a)(b)恒載作用下梁端剪力及柱軸力BCCD跨跨BCCDBCDNNNN513-9020324495-9073051348395-40559937295-20715572195-702658204活載作用下梁端剪力及柱軸力BCCDBC跨BCCDBCDN頂=NN頂=N5)-)0)43-0))33-023-0)13-0))框架梁的內(nèi)力組1.2SGk+1.4SQk,1.2SGk+0.9×1.4(SQk+SWk1.35SGk+1.0SQk1.2SGE+1.3SEk降低梁端彎矩,進行調(diào)幅(0.8,以減少負彎矩鋼筋的擁擠現(xiàn)象。ηvb1.2。SGKSQKS 12121AM-------VBM--79-----VBM------V--2AM-------VBM--------VBM------V--3AM-------VBM--------VBM------V--SGKSQKS 12124AM--------VBM--------VBM------V--5AM--------VBM--------VBM-------V-MABMBCABBC跨的跨間最大正彎矩。M以下部受拉為正,VAB1BC梁上荷載設(shè)計值:q1=9.173×1.2=11.01q2=1.2×(17.96+0.5×9)=26.95左震:VB=-(MA-MB)/l+q1l/2+(1-=-(60.27+204.09)/6.9+11.01×6.9/2+(1-2.25/6=62.3362.33-﹥al,=2.44m﹤6.9Mmax=60.27+62.33×2.44-(11.01+26.95)××6.9×[2.44-(2.25/6.9)×6.9/3]/2=150.59KN·γReMmax=0.75×150.59=112.94右震:VB=-(MA-MB)/l+q1l/2+(1-=(252.72+1.44)/6.9+11.01×6.9/2+(1-=137.48137.48-=4.42m﹤6.9γREMmax=0.75×600.85=450.64層次12345跨度框架柱的內(nèi)力組橫向框架A太原理工大學(xué)陽泉學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 )說明太原理工大學(xué)陽泉學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 )說明SGKSQKS MM1212N5MNM----------N4M137--NM----------N3M--NM--------N2M--NM--------N1M--NM-------N太原理工大學(xué)陽泉學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 )說明太原理工大學(xué)陽泉學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 )說明SGKSQKS MM1212N5M---------NM-N4M---------NM-N3M-------NM-N2M-------NM---N1M-------NM---NA5 c4[uNN/Acf=308.66×10/14.3/700c柱底軸壓比[uN/Af c c3[uNN/Acf=530.22×10/14.3/700c柱底軸壓比[uN/Af c c2[uNN/Acf=736.63×10/14.3/700c柱底軸壓比[uN/Af c c1[uNN/Acf=94569×10/14.3/700c柱底軸壓比[uN/Af cC5N=fcAc=0.15×14.3×7002/103=1051.1KN太原理工大學(xué)陽泉學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 )太原理工大學(xué)陽泉學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 )說明橫向框架BSGKSQKS V12125--------4--------3-------2-------1------注:表中V橫向框架CSGKSQKS V12125214-3--2--1--注:表中V框架梁截面設(shè)以第1BCAB跨框架梁的計算為例。跨間:Mmax=450.64KN·m支座B:Mmax=189.54KN·m支座Cl:M=153.07KN·m調(diào)整后剪力:V=129.04KN縱筋數(shù)量??缰姓龔澗匕碩1/2上述理論,得: f按T形截面設(shè)計,翼緣計算寬度 按跨度考慮,取f (f=300N/mm2 fb,h,(h-h,/2)=14.3×2300×120×(565-

=1993.13KN·m>450.64屬第一類T下部跨間截面按單筋Tα=M/(fb,h cm ξ=1-(1-A=ξfb,h/f=0.044×14.3×2300×565/300=2725.48 cm s2Ф28、3Ф25,A=2705mm2。sξ=fA/(fb,hy cm 受壓鋼筋,A,=2705mm2A 支座Bα=[M-f,A,(h-a,)]/(fb,h cm =[189.54×106-300×2705×(565-35)=-ξ=1-(1-2αs)1/2=-s說明A,sA=M/f/(h-a,)=189.54×106/300/(565-35)=1192 s2Ф25、2Ф22,A=2724mm2s支座BlA=M/f/(h-a,)=367.14×106/310/(565-35)=2234.57 s2Ф20、2Ф25,A=1610mm2s

=0.2%,A,/

=605962則0.42ftbh0+1.25fyvnAsv1h0/sρsv=0.9mMξAsρ1B2Ф252Ф25、)2Ф258@80非加密區(qū)2B2Ф258@100非加密區(qū)2Ф252Ф282Ф258@100非加密區(qū)3B2Ф22Ф8@1502Ф222Ф282Ф22Ф8@1504B2Ф208@100非加密區(qū)2Ф202Ф252Ф208@100非加密區(qū)5B2Ф208@100非加密區(qū)2Ф202Ф252Ф208@100非加密區(qū)框架柱截面設(shè)計根據(jù)《抗震規(guī)范對于二級抗震等級,剪跨比大于2,軸壓比小于0.8。下表給出了框架柱各層剪跨比和軸壓比計算結(jié)果,注意,表中的Mc、Vc和N都不應(yīng)考慮b)))))N)0B柱584838228178C柱58483821 1B:Mmax=224.310軸向力對截面重心的偏心矩e0=221.3700/30=23.33mm,ea=23.33mm。初始偏心矩:ei=e0+ea=221.3+23.33=244.63 因為長細比l0/h=5500/700=7.86>5,故應(yīng)考慮偏心矩增大系數(shù)η。ξ=0.5fA/N=0.5×14.3×7002/(1013.6×10 取又l0/h<15,取得η=1+l2ξξh/1400e 2 =1+7.862×660/1400/244軸向力作用點至受拉鋼筋A(yù)se=ηei+h/2-=1.119×244.63+700/2-=583.74對稱配筋:ξ=x/h=N/fbh =0.153A,=A=[Ne-ξ(1-0.5ξ)fbh2]/f,/(h-a =[1013.6×103×583.74-0.153×(1-0.5×0.153)×6602]/360/(660-40)=-109.41、最不利組合二:Nmax=1327.18KN,M=-此組內(nèi)力是非組合情況,且無水平荷載效應(yīng),故不必進行調(diào)整。軸向力對截面重心的偏心矩e0=M/N=21.32×106/(1327.18×103)=16.06初始偏心矩 長細比l0/h=5500/700=7.86>5,故應(yīng)考慮偏心矩增大系數(shù)η。ξ=0.5fA/N=0.5×14.3×7002/(1327.18×103)=2.64>1.0 又l0/h<15,取得η=1+l2ξξh/1400e 2 軸向力作用點至受拉鋼筋A(yù)se=ηei+h/2-=68.50+700/2-ξ=(N-ξ

bh)/[(Ne-

bh2)/(0.8-ξ)/(h-a,)+f

b

b 按上式計算時,應(yīng)滿足N>ξfb 故可按構(gòu)造配筋,且應(yīng)滿足ρmin=0.8%,單側(cè)配筋率ρsmin≥0.2%,A,=A=ρ 總配筋率1B查表可知:框架柱的剪力設(shè)計值Vn=0.2考慮作用組合的柱軸向壓力設(shè)計值N=1013.6KN4Ф10@100λv=0.08,柱箍筋的體積配筋率注:Asvi、li為第iAcors非加密區(qū)還應(yīng)滿足s<10d=200mm,4Ф10@150,B12345—二—二—二—二—二854l011111111111111111111ηξ實配鋼筋44444444C12345—二———二—二二二l011111111111111111111ηξ實配鋼筋44444444樓板類型及設(shè)計方法的選擇在本方案中,l02/l01<2,設(shè)計參數(shù)活載:q=1.3×2.0=2.6恒載:g=1.2×3.99=4.79KN/m2g+q/2=4.79+2.6/2=6.09KN/m2q/2=1.3KN/m2g+q=4.79+2.6=7.39、內(nèi)跨 (軸線間距、邊跨:l0=lc-C30I120mm彎矩計算g+q/2時在q/2作用下的跨中彎矩值之和。本題計算時混凝土的波桑比取0.2,支座最大g+q根據(jù)不同的支撐情況,整個樓蓋可以分為A、B、CAl01=4500l02=7000 l01l02=0.62,四邊固支:M M MI=- MI=- 四邊簡支 將以上數(shù)據(jù)代入1122mI=mII=-0.0782×7.39×4.42=-11.19 mI=mII=-0.0571×7.39×4.42=-8.17 A(雙A(雙B(雙C(雙I------I------取0.95截面設(shè)計受拉鋼筋的截面積 As=m/(rsh0y,C30φ8l01h01=h-30=120-30=90mm,l02方向跨中截面的h02=90-8=82支座截面的h0=90mm跨Al1中l(wèi)2Bl1l2Cl1l2A--A--A--B--C--設(shè)計參數(shù)q=2.0KN/m2踏步板設(shè)t=80mm,樓梯的傾斜角:1.92cos =26數(shù)ps=pscos=3.07×0.894=2.74ls=ln,s=2050-150=1900sM=p.s

/10=2.74×1.92=0.99h1=d×cos+t=150×0.894+80=214mm截面有效高度取h0h1/2=214/2=107mmb=e/cos=300/0.894=336=M/fbh2=0.99×106/(14.3×336×1072 rs=0.5×(1+12*0.018sA=0.99×106/(210×0.991×107)=44.46ss26,A=57mm2,分布筋采用6@300s斜梁設(shè)截面尺寸:斜梁截面高度取h=250b=150載1.679(1.92+0.15(1/0.3=6.1620厚灰粉M=1/8×12.6×3.92=23.96V=1/2×12.6×3.9×0.894=21.97R=1/2×12.6×3.9=24.57翼緣計算寬度bf /2=1100翼緣高度取踏步板的厚度hf=t=80鑒別T

fbh(hh/2)=14.3×1100×80(215-80/2)=220.22×106Ncf ﹥M=23.96KN屬于第一種Ts=23.96×106/(14.3×1100×2152)=0.033ssss216,A=402s平臺板設(shè)1m算跨度取凈跨l2n=2000mm。平臺板厚度取l2=80設(shè)計荷載M=7.18×22/10=2.872KNh0=80-20=60s=2.872×106/(14.3×1000×602srs=0.5×(1+12*0.056sA=2.872×106/(210×0.971×60)=234.74ss選用:受力鋼筋6@120,A=232s分布鋼筋平臺梁設(shè)h=350mm,b=200)載3.07×(2/2)=33l3n=4500-250=4250M=1/8×10.45×4.252+24.57×(4.25-0.3)/2=72.12V=1/2×10.45×4.25+24.57=46.78KNh0=h-35=350-35=315s=75.12×106/(14.3×200×3152s=1-12*0.254rs=0.5×(1+12*0.254sA=72.12×106/(300×0.851×315)=897ss選用:418,A=1017sV/fcbh0按構(gòu)造配置箍筋,選用:雨篷截面尺寸設(shè)計雨篷板根部厚度約為挑出長度的1/10,但不小于70mm,板端不小于50mm,雨篷板周圍往往設(shè)置凸沿以便能有組織排水故取1/10×1500=150mm,板端取80雨篷梁的寬度一般取與墻厚相同,b=250(1(2(3)雨篷板和雨篷梁的承載力計1m雨篷板的自重(80mm1501.2×[(0.15-0.08)/2+0.08]20mm防水砂漿面 15mm板底抹 小計 4.10施工集中荷 1.4×1.0=1.4雪荷 0.35活荷 0.7×1.4=0.98M1=0.5×(g+q)l2o1=0.5×(4.1+0.98)×1.52=5.72KN·m取M2=6.71KN·mh=(0.15-0.08)/2+0.08=0.115m=115mm ho=115-20=95mmAs=M/fyγsm選用φ8@120 分布筋采用φ6@250m梁自重:1.2×0.5×0.25×25=3.75雨篷板傳來荷載:4.1+1.4=5.5上部砌體傳來荷載:1.2×0.7×0.25×5.5=1.16合 10.41M=1/8ql2o=1/8×10.41×8.42=91.82ho=h-40=500-40=460mmbcor=b-2×25=250-50=200mmAcor=bcorhcor=200×450=90000ucor=2(bcor+hcor)=2×(200+450)=1300Wt=b2(3h-b)/6=2502×(3×500-250)/6=13021×103梁端最大剪 V=1/2(g+q)lN=1/2×10.41×8.4=43.72梁端最大扭 T=1/2(mp+mq)/mp=1.4×(0.25+1.5)=2.45KN·mmq=Pl(b+l)/2=4.1×(0.25+1.5)/2×1.5=5.38KN·mT=1/2(mp+mq)/lN=(5.38+2.45)×8.4/2=32.89V/bho+T/Wt=43.72×103/250/460+32.89×106/13021×103=2.91N/<0.25fc=0.25×14.3=3.58N V=43.72KN<0.035fcbV/bho+T/Wt=43.72×103/250/460+32.89×106/13021×103=2.91N/>0.7ft=0.7×1.43=1.0N/取縱向鋼筋與箍筋強度比 βt=1.5/[1+0.5VWt/T/b×106/250/460]=1.4>1.0故取V=0.07×(1.5-βt)fcmbho+1.5fyvAsv/svho43.72×103=0.07×(1.5-1.0)×14.3×250×460+1.5×210×Asv/s T=0.35βtftWt+1.2ζ1/2fyvAcorAst1/stAst1/st=1.062Ast1/st=1.062mm 選取s=120mmAsv=1.062×120=127.44mm選用 As=153.9實際 Asv/sv=1539/120=1.283mm>0.867Ast=ζfyvAst1ucor/fy/sAst1=1.2×210×1.062×1300/300=1160選用6φ16mm,Ast1=1206mm2(考慮最小配筋率要求As=M/fyγs所以梁底共配縱向鋼筋2φ16+2φ16=804抗傾覆基本參本工程為五層,地基荷載比較均勻,可選擇柱下鋼筋混凝土條形基礎(chǔ),據(jù)地質(zhì)資料基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)做在粘土層上,取混凝土強度C30,f f=1.43N/mm3, 基梁縱向鋼筋采用HPB235,fy=210N/mm2 HRB335fy=300N/mm2,基床系數(shù)Ks=2×104N/mm3荷載設(shè)計值外柱基礎(chǔ)承受的上部荷載 M1=224.31 N1=1327.18內(nèi)柱基礎(chǔ)承受的上部荷載 M1=284.14 N1=1720.47初步確定基礎(chǔ)(1)、選擇基礎(chǔ)埋深d=2.2m根據(jù)土的類別查表 基礎(chǔ)底面以上的平均重度rm取20KN/m假定b〈3mf=fkηbr(b-3)+ηdrm(d-0.5)=200+1.620(2.2-0KPa>1.1×200=200(3)1/4~1/8,6900=862.5mm~1725mm,取h=1500mm,梁寬為柱對應(yīng)方向的尺寸加上100mm0.25~0.3L′=(0.25~0.3)l=(0.25~0.3)計算底面地基承載力設(shè)計值F= .47×2)/20.2確定基礎(chǔ)寬度B≥F/(fa-rGd)=301.75/(200-20×2.2)=1.93P=(∑F+G)/lb=(6095.3+20×2.2×2×20.2)/20.2/2=194.87KPa<內(nèi)力分①基底凈反力B M=Pl2/2=1×389.74×22/2=779.48KN·mVBB M=-Pl2/8=-1×389.74×6.92/8=-2319.44 M=1/12Pl2=1/12×389.74×2.42=187.08 MF配筋計H0=1500-40=1460B1C2BBCC剪力4肢4肢4肢4肢nAs1h0/s≥V1940.3>4671/3100mm,4φ8@150h=b/8h=400mm取一米長翼緣板計算,懸臂跨度l1=(b-b1)/2=(2-地基凈反力為:389.74 M=P A=M/0.95fh ys采用φ10@120雙向 A=732.7s0.7ftbh0=0.7×1.43×1000×560=560.56KN>Pl1×1=389.74×0.65(一)具體工程概況及現(xiàn)場間4.5米,進深6.9米,走廊寬度2.4米,層高全部為4.2米,室內(nèi)外高差0.62.2m,框架梁,柱,樓板均為現(xiàn)本工程地基持力層為粉質(zhì)粘土層,允許地耐力①在施工期間,為施工企業(yè)服務(wù)的企業(yè)有木材,水泥廠,機械修理廠.設(shè)在市區(qū)路口,木材,水泥廠,砼攪拌站,機械化供應(yīng)站,機械配長皆設(shè)在室內(nèi),距工3km②材料(二)施工部基槽土方,混凝土垂 等工程由機械處土方隊來承擔(dān)(三)主要施工機具電機容量QT60/80162174411(四)人員配備情根據(jù)工程設(shè)計,實施及項目管理經(jīng)驗,組建組織機構(gòu)(見圖)并配備相程師、工程技術(shù)人員、工程師、項目管理人員、安全員等。工程技術(shù)組:配備31名質(zhì)檢工程師和1項目管理組:配備1名項目管理人員,1名行政助理,1(五)施工的臨時設(shè)250m需要30m2大約需要20m2左右,配備照明 需要30m2電線裝我方搭接;(六)施工技術(shù)和施工方各系統(tǒng)的施工方法及工藝標準執(zhí)行下 和要求《防雷及接地安裝工藝標準》(322-《金屬線槽配線安裝工藝標準》(313-《敷設(shè)工藝標準》(305-《安全防范工程程序要求》(GB-T75-《民用閉路監(jiān)視電視系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)規(guī)范》(GB50198-《建筑電氣安裝分項工程施工工藝標準》(533-《民用建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范》(GB50045-《30MHz-1GHz聲音和電視信號的電纜分配系統(tǒng)》(GB65100-《30MHz-1GHz聲音和電視信號的電纜分配系統(tǒng)》(GB11318-《有線電視系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)規(guī)范》(GB50200-《有線電視廣播系統(tǒng)技術(shù)規(guī)范》(GY/T106-《民用建筑電纜電視系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)規(guī)范》《建筑與建筑群綜合布線工程系統(tǒng)設(shè)計規(guī)范》(GBT/T50311-《建筑與建筑群綜合布線系統(tǒng)工程驗收規(guī)范》(GBT/T50312-《智能建筑設(shè)計標準》(GB/T50314—弱電系統(tǒng)工程主要施工工序:管道施工、線槽安裝、綜合布線機柜及設(shè)備安(七)施工要根據(jù)設(shè)計圖確定出安裝位置,從始端到終端()水平或垂直線,用粉線袋沿墻壁等處,路中心進行彈線;內(nèi)所用鋼材應(yīng)平直,無顯著。下料后長短偏差應(yīng)在5mm內(nèi)固定支點間距一般不應(yīng)大于1.5-2.0mm,彎、轉(zhuǎn)角及丁字接頭的三端500一般不應(yīng)小于扁鐵30mm×3mm,扁鋼25mm×25mm×3mm線槽應(yīng)平整,無變形,內(nèi)壁刺,各種附件齊全線槽安裝應(yīng)符合《民用建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范》(GB50045-95)的有纜線在布放前兩端應(yīng)貼有,以表明起始和終端位置,書寫為3至6米;工作區(qū)為0.3至0.6米;光纜在設(shè)備端預(yù)留長度一般為510布放纜線的牽引力,應(yīng)小于纜線允許張力的80%,對光纜瞬間最大電纜橋架內(nèi)纜線垂直敷設(shè)時,在纜線的上端和每間隔1.5m定在橋架的支架上,水平敷設(shè)時,直接部份間隔距施3~5m處設(shè)固定點。在纜線的距離首端、尾端、轉(zhuǎn)彎中心點處300~500mm1.5m行纜扎對對絞電纜以24,25行纜扎(八)保證工程質(zhì)量的技術(shù)件、設(shè)計圖紙以外,還有各種專門的技術(shù)性或其他規(guī)定。 各種測試診斷結(jié)果,還能生能分析報告,以協(xié)助組織最終交付業(yè)主的有涉及范圍;同時還應(yīng)支持系統(tǒng)配置管理人員對系統(tǒng)配置更改進行科學(xué)的管能,可以比較方便地產(chǎn)生清晰悅目的工程文檔與圖件,也有利于對工程文檔進行更改,還有助于提高工程文檔的編制質(zhì)量。施工準備工作圍圍組織特殊工種技術(shù)培訓(xùn),操作資格或考核做好接受 質(zhì)量監(jiān)督的準備,為第監(jiān)督創(chuàng)造必要的備件(九)安全保證技術(shù)成立安全生產(chǎn)(施工)小組,由項目經(jīng)理擔(dān)任組長,項目副經(jīng)理和技設(shè)備機具事故制度健全無施工單位應(yīng)提交施工工作人員政審材料,并嚴格完完紙、設(shè)計文檔、操作、手冊、設(shè)備等保存完整,以便備查行施工現(xiàn)場的標準化管理,按施工組織設(shè)計,科學(xué)組織施工。的《施工臨時用電安全技術(shù)防范》(JGJ46-88)規(guī)定操作,嚴禁私具應(yīng)擱置于順手穩(wěn)妥的地方,防發(fā)生事故傷人。高處作業(yè)必須設(shè)置防護措施,并符合JGJ80-91施工用的高凳、梯子、人字梯、高架車等,在使用前必須認真檢查人字梯距梯腳40-60cm處要設(shè)拉繩,施工中,站在梯子最上一層工作,且嚴禁在這上面放工具和材料。充分照明;安裝電梯中的線纜時,若有相鄰電梯,應(yīng)加倍注意遇到不可抗力的因素(),影響某些作業(yè)施工安全,生 生 (十)文明施工措進入施工現(xiàn)場的有關(guān)人員()必須中要團結(jié)協(xié)作,互相幫助;現(xiàn)場要經(jīng)常保持清潔、空氣清爽,圖紙、餐具、衣物等應(yīng)整齊項目副經(jīng)理負責(zé)施地文明衛(wèi)生檢查和督促工作,并按文明施工技術(shù)第六部分第I條 b第II條Materialsandstructuralformsarecombinedtomakeupthevariousbaboveground,andthesubstructureandfoundationisthatpartofaTheskyscraperowesitsexistencetotwodevelopmentsofthe19thcentury:steelskeletonconstructionandthepassengerelevator.SteelasaconstructionmaterialdatesfromtheintroductionoftheBessemerconverterin1885.GustaveEiffel(1832-1932)introducedsteelconstructioninFrance.HisdesignsfortheGaleriedesMachinesandtheTowerfortheParisExpositionof1889expressedthelightnessofthesteelframework.TheEiffelTower,984feet(300meters)high,wasthetalleststructurebuiltbymanandwasnotsurpasseduntil40yearslaterbyaseriesofAmericanskyscrapers.1889,EiffelinstalledthefirstelevatorsonagrandscaleintheEiffelTower,whosehydraulicelevatorscouldtransport2,350passengerstothesummiteveryhour.Load-CarryingFrame.Untilthelate19thcentury,theexteriorwallsofabuildingwereusedasbearingwallstosupportthefloors.Thisconstructionisessentiallyapostandlintype,anditisstillusedinframeconstructionforBearing-wallconstructionlimitedtheheightofbuildingbecauseoftheenormouswallthicknessrequired;forinstance,the16-storyMonadnockBuildingbuiltinthe1880’sinChicagohadwalls5feet(1.5meters)thickatthelowerfloors.In1883,WilliamLeBaronJenney(1832-1907)supportedfloorsoncast-ironcolumnstoformacage-likeconstruction.Skeletonconstruction,consistingofsteelbeamsandcolumns,wasfirstusedin1889.Asaconsequenceofskeletonconstruction,theenclosingwalls ea“curtainwall”ratherthanservingasupportingfunction.Masonrywasthecurtainwallmaterialuntilthe1930’s,whenlightmetalandglasscurtainwallswereused.Aftertheintroductionofbuildingstoincreaserapidly.esteAlltallbuildingswerebuiltwithaskeletonofsteeluntilWorldWarⅡ.Afterthewar,theshortageofsteelandtheimprovedqualityofconcreteledtotallbuildingbeingbuiltofreindconcrete.MarinaTower(1962)inChicagoistheestebuildingintheUnitedStates;itsheight—588feet(179meters)—isexce650-foot(198-meter)PostOfficeTowerinLondonandbyothertowers.Achangeinattitudeaboutskyscraperconstructionhasbroughtareturntotheuseofthebearingwall.InNewYorkCity,theColumbiaBroadcastingSystemBuilding,designedbyEeroSaarinenin1962,hasaperimeterwallconsistingof5-foot(1.5meter)wideconcretecolumnsspaced10feet(3meters)fromcolumncentertocenter.Thisperimeterwall,ineffect,constitutesabearingwall.Onereasonforthistrendisthatstiffnessagainsttheactionofwindcanbeeconomicallyobtainedbyusingthewallsofthebuildingasatube;theWorldTradeCenterbuildingisanotherexampleofthistubeapproach.Incontrast,rigidframesorverticaltrussesareusuallyprovidedtogivelalSkin.Theskinofabuildingconsistsofbothtransparentelements(windows)andopaqueelements(walls).Windowsaretraditionallyglass,althoughsticsarebeingused,especiallyinschoolswherebreakagecreatesamaintenanceproblem.Thewallelements,whichareusedtocoverthestructureandaresupportedbyit,arebuiltofavarietyofmaterials:brick,precastconcrete,stone,opaqueglass,stics,steel,andaluminum.Woodisusedmainlyinhouseconstruction;itisnotgenerallyusedforcommercial,industrial,orpublicbuildingbecauseofthefirehazard.bn Theconstructionofthefloorsinabuildingdependsonthebasicstructuralframethatisused.Insteelskeletonconstruction,floorsareeitherslabsofconcreterestingonsteelbeamsoradeckconsistingofcorrugatedsteelwithaconcretetop.Inconcreteconstruction,thefloorsareeitherslabsofconcreteonconcretebeamsoraseriesofcloselyspacedconcretebeams(ribs)intwodirectionstoppedwithathinconcreteslab,givingtheappearanceofawaffleonitsunderside.Thekindoffloorthatisuseddependsonthespanbetweensupportingcolumnsorwallsandthefunctionofthespace.Inanapartmentbuilding,forinstance,wherewallsandcolumnsarespacedat12to18feet(3.7to5.5meters),themostpopularconstructionisasolidconcreteslabwithnobeams.TheundersideoftheslabservesastheceilingforthespacCorrugatedsteeldecksareoftenusedinofficebuildingsbecausethecorrugabnenclosedbyanothersheetofmetal,formducts ephoneandelectricalMechanicalandElectricalSystems.Amodernbuildingnotonlycontainsthespaceforwhichitisintended(office,classroom,apartment)butalsocontainsancillaryspaceformechanicalandelectricalsystemsthathelptoprovideacomfortableenvironment.Theseancillaryspacesinaskyscraperofficebuildingmayconstitute25%ofthetotalbuildingarea.Theimportanceofheating,ventilating,electrical,andplumbingsystemsinanofficebuildingisshownbythefactthat40%oftheconstructionbudgetisallocatedtothem.Becauseoftheincreaseduseofsealedbuildingwithwindowsthatcannotbeopened,elaboratemechanicalsystemsareprovidedforventilationandairconditioning.Ductsandpipescarryfreshairfromcentralfanroomsandairconditioningmachinery.Theceiling,whichissuspendedbelowtheupperfloorconstruction,concealstheductworkandcontainsthelightingunits.Electricalwiringforpowerandforephonecommunicationmayalsobelocatedinthisceilingspaceormaybeburiedinthefloorconstructioninpipesorconduits.Therehavebeenattemptstoincorporatethemechanicalandelectricalsystemsintothearchitectureofbuildingbyfranklyexpressingthem;forexample,theAmericanRepublicInsuranceBuilding(1965)inDesMoines,Iowa,exposesboththeductsandthefloorstructureinanorganizedandelegantpatternanddispenseswiththesuspendedceiling.Thistypeofapproachmakesitpossibletoreducethecostofbuildingandpermitsinnovations,suchasinthespanoftheSoilsandFoundations.Allbuildingaresupportedontheground,andthereforethenatureofthesoil esanextremelyimportantconsiderationinthedesignofanybuilding.Thedesignofafoundationdependsonmanysoilfactors,suchastypeofsoil,soilstratification,thicknessofsoillaversandtheircompaction,andgroundwaterconditions.Soilsrarelyhaveasinglecomposition;theygenerallyaremixturesinlayersofvaryingthickness.Forevaluation,soilsaregradedaccordingtoparticlesize,whichincreasesfromsilttoclaytosandtograveltorock.Ingeneral,thelargerparticlesoilswillsupportheavierloadsthanthesmallerones.Thehardestrockcansupportloadsupto100tonspersquarefoot(976.5metrictons/sqmeter),butthesoftestsiltcansupportaloadofonly0.25tonpersquarefoot(244metrictons/sqmeter).Allsoilsbeneaththesurfaceareinastateofcompaction;thatis,theyareunderapressurethatisequaltotheweightofthesoilcolumnaboveit.Manysoils(exceptformostsandsandgavels)exhibitelasticproperties—theydeformwhencompressedunderloadandreboundwhentheloadisremoved.Theelasticityofsoilsisoftentime-dependent,thatis,deformationsofthesoiloccuroveralengthoftimewhichmayvaryfromminutestoyearsafteraloadisimposed.Overaperiodoftime,abuildingmaysettleifitimposesaloadonthesoilgreaterthanthenaturalcompactionweightofthesoil.Conversely,abuildingmayheaveifitimposesloadsonthesoilsmallerthanthenaturalcompactionweight.Thesoilmayalsoflowundertheweightofabuilding;thatis,ittendstobesqueezedout.Duetoboththecompactionandfloweffects,buildingstendsettle.Unevensettlements,exemplifiedbytheleaningtowersinPisaandBologna,canhavedamagingeffects—thebuildingmaylean,wallsandpartitionsmaycrack,windowsanddoorsmayeinoperative,and,intheextreme,abuildingmaycollapse.Uniformsettlementsarenotsoserious,althoughextremeconditions,suchasthoseinMexicoCity,canhaveseriousconsequences.Overthepast100years,achangeinthegroundwaterleveltherehascausedsomebuildingstosettlemorethan10feet(3meters).Becausesuchmovementscanoccurduringandafterconstruction,carefulysisofthebehaviorofsoilsunderabuildingisvital.Thegreatvariabilityofsoilshasledtoavarietyofsolutionstotheproblem.firmsoilexistsclosetothesurface,thesimplestsolutionistorestcolumnsonasmallslabofconcrete(spreadfooting).Wherethesoilissofter,itisnecessarytospreadthecolumnloadoveragreaterarea;inthiscase,acontinuousslabofconcrete(raftormat)underthewholebuildingisused.Incaseswherethesoilnearthesurfaceisunabletosupporttheweightofthebuilding,pilesofwood,steel,orconcretearedrivendowntofirmsoil.PTheconstructionofabuildingproceedsnaturallyfromthefoundationuptothesuperstructure.Thedesignprocess,however,proceedsfromtheroofdowntothefoundation(inthedirectionofgravity).Inthepast,thefoundationwasnotsubjecttosystematicinvestigation.Ascientificapproachtothedesignoffoundationshasbeendevelopedinthe20thcentury.KarlTerzaghioftheUnitedStatespioneeredstudiesthatmadeitpossibletomakeaccuratepredictionsofthebehavioroffoundations,usingthescienceofsoilmechanicscoupledwithexplorationandtestingprocedures.Foundationfailuresofthepast,suchastheclassicalexampleoftheleaningtowerinPealmostnonexistent.FoundationsstillareahiddenbutcostlypaAlthoughtherehavebeenmanyadvancementsinbuildingconstructiontechnologyingeneral,spectacularachievementshavebeenmadeinthedesignandconstructionofultrahigh-risebuildings.Theearlydevelopmentofhigh-risebuildingsbeganwithstructuralsteelframing.Reindconcreteandstressed-skintubesystemshavesincebeeneconomicallyandcompetitivelyusedinanumberofstructuresforbothresidentialandcommercialpurposes.Thehigh-risebuildingsrangingfrom50to110storiesthatarebeingbuiltallovertheUnitedStatesaretheresultofinnovationsanddevelopmentofnewstructuralsystems.Greaterheightentailsincreasedcolumnandbeamsizestomakebuildingsmorerigidsothatunderwindloadtheywillnotswaybeyondanacceptablelimit.Excessivelalswaymaycauseseriousrecurringdamagetopartitions,ceilings,andotherarchitecturaldetails.Inaddition,excessiveswaymaycause forttotheoccupantsofthebuildingbecauseoftheirperceptionofsuchmotion.Structuralsystemsreindconcrete,aswellassteel,takefulladvantageoftheinherentpotentialstiffnessofthetotalbuildingandthereforedonotrequireadditionalstiffeningtolimitthesway.Inasteelstructure,forexample,theeconomycanbedefinedintermsofthetotalaveragetyofsteelpersquarefootoffloorareaofthebuilding.CurveAinFig.1representstheaverageunitweightofaconventionalframewithincreasingnumbersofst

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