大學(xué)英語綜合3翻譯答案

Unit1不丹1999才引進(jìn)電視，是世界上最后一個(gè)開放電視與網(wǎng)絡(luò)的國家，手機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及率(penetration)分別僅為30%和5%，幾乎與現(xiàn)代化世界格格不入。大多數(shù)人沒有手機(jī)，也不上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因此不太可能成為低頭族(phubber)或者晚睡族(nightpersons)。在別的國家拼命發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、不惜代價(jià)提升GDP時(shí)，不丹追求的是國民幸?？傊?GrossNationalHappiness)。他們樂于吸取現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的益處，但要按照自己的步伐，根據(jù)自己的需要，在自己覺得合適的時(shí)機(jī)去進(jìn)行。他們同樣渴望經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，但不會(huì)以犧牲他們所珍視的傳統(tǒng)和文化為代價(jià)。BhutandidnotintroduceTVuntil1999,andisthelastcountrythatisopentoTVandtheInternet.ItsmobilephoneandInternetpenetrationsareaslowas30%and5%respectively,almostoutoftunewiththemodernizedworld.NowthatthemajorityofitspeoplehavenomobilephonesandnoaccesstotheInternet,theyhavelittleoddsofbeingphubbersornightpersons.WhiletheothercountriesarestrivingdesperatelytodevelopeconomyandboostGDPatallcosts,whatBhutanpursuesisGNH(GrossNationalHappiness).Theyarewillingtotakeadvantageofmoderntechnology,butwoulddoitattheirownpace,accordingtotheirownneedsandattheirownpropertime.Althoughlikewisethirstingforeconomicprosperity,Bhutanrefusestorealizeitatthepriceoftheircherishedtraditionandculture.Unit2中國的科舉制度(theimperialexaminationsysteminChina)最早始于隋朝，歷經(jīng)1300多年。在中國古代，階級(jí)意識(shí)(classconsciousness)分明(distinct)，下層社會(huì)鮮有機(jī)會(huì)在朝廷(court)占一席之地。但自從引進(jìn)科舉選拔制度后，寒門子弟(scholarsfrompoorfamilies)得以參加考試，有機(jī)會(huì)光宗耀祖(bringhonortoone'sfamily)。這種人才選拔制度不僅對(duì)中國封建社會(huì)(feudalsociety)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育、文化觀念和社會(huì)風(fēng)尚有重大影響，還影響到了周邊國家如日本、朝鮮、越南的教育體制。在某種程度上，中國現(xiàn)行的教育體制也選擇性地繼承(必卜?「讓)了科舉考試的一些優(yōu)越之處。TheimperialexaminationsysteminChinabegantobeputintopracticeintheSuiDynastyandlastedmorethan1,300years.InancientChina,classconsciousnesswasdistinctandpeoplefromlowerclasseshadlittlechancetogainapositionintheofficialcourt.Butoncetheimperialexaminationsystemwasintroduced,scholarsfrompoorfamilieshadopportunitiestotakethegovernmentexams,whichenabledthemtobringhonortotheirfamilies.Suchatalent-selectionsystemhadgreatimpactnotonlyonthepolitics,economy,education,culturalconceptsandsocialcustomsinChinesefeudalsociety,butalsoontheeducationsystemsofsuchneighboringcountriesasJapan,KoreaandVietnam.Tosomeextent,China'scurrenteducationsystemhasselectivelyinheritedsomeadvantagesfromtheimperialexaminationsystem.Unit3作為一名管理者，我曾在四家以激情和創(chuàng)造力著稱的企業(yè)任職。我很少用一種自上而下的(top:down)方式為每一-名員工安排工作。我更愿意將自己與員工放在一一個(gè)平等的位置上，把自己視作激勵(lì)者、協(xié)調(diào)人或溝通橋梁，而非傳統(tǒng)意義上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者、督促者或命令中心。21世紀(jì)為經(jīng)理人提出了更高、更全面的要求。為了從一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的“管理者”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐幻晒Φ摹邦I(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，我們需要為所有員工營造一種充滿激情和創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境。從這個(gè)意義上說，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力不是一一種方法或技能，而是種獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)。Asamanager/anadministrativeofficer,Ihaveworkedinfourenterpriseswellknownfortheirgreatpassionandcreativity.RarelydoIassigntasksformyemployeesinatop-downmanner.Iprefertoplacemyselfonanequalfootingwithmyemployees,regardingmyselfasonetomotivate,coordinateorcommunicatewiththem,ratherthanonetolead,monitororcommand.The21stcenturyhassetupahigherandmorecomprehensivestandardformanagers.Turningfromthetraditionalroleofthemanagertoasuccessfulleader,weneedtocreateanenvironmentfilledwithpassionandinnovationforallemployees.Inthissense,ratherthanamethodortechnique,leadershipisactuallyauniqueart.Unit4傳統(tǒng)中國繪畫形成了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)流派(schooloffineart)，無論風(fēng)格還是技巧都與世界上其他藝術(shù)］類迥然不同。傳統(tǒng)的日本繪畫可能算是唯一的例外，但毋庸置疑的是它深受中國文化的影響。傳統(tǒng)中國繪畫最為人熟知的莫過于水墨畫(也卜andwashpainting)。中國人繪畫采用毛筆蘸(dip)墨汁或頗料，靈巧地?fù)]酒(wield)于紙上。畫家用或深或淺、成濃或談的線和點(diǎn)構(gòu)成幅圖畫。在優(yōu)秀面文的手國、無化基非常具有表現(xiàn)力(pestee。正因?yàn)槿绱?它們不僅是給面的工具，也被現(xiàn)為藝術(shù)追求的象征。TraditionalChinesepaintingconstitutesauniqueschooloffineart,aschoolthatisdistinctlydifferentfromanyotherfineartschoolsintheworld,eitherinstyleorintechniques.TraditionalJapanesefineartmaybetheonlyexception,butthereisnodoubtthatitisheavilyinfluencedbyChineseculture.NoothertraditionalChinesepaintingisbetterknownthaninkandwashpainting.TheChinesedopaintingswithbrushes,dippingtheirbrushesininkorpaintandthenskillfullywieldingthemonthepaper.Paintersproducepictureswithlinesanddots--someheavy,somelight,somedeep,andsomepale.Inthehandsofanoutstandingpainter,brushesandinkcanbehighlyexpressive.Becauseofthis,theyarenotonlytreatedastoolsfordrawingpictures,butalsoasasymbolofartisticpursuit.Manypeopletendtobemoreconcernedwithhowotherpeoplereacttoanissue,ratherthanhowtheyfeelaboutitthemselves.We,regoingtolookintotherootcauseofthefailure,andgetitresolvedonceandforall.Themostchallengingthinginforeignlanguagelearningmightbetothinkinthesamemannerasnativespeakers.Shewasnotbeautiful.Nothingaboutherwasextraordinary.Nothingabouthermadeherstandout.Manyoftheseinterviewerswillbeyoursupervisorsandcolleagues,andtheywilltaketurnsaskingyouquestions..1)It’snotthatIamunwillingtohelpyou,butIfmtiedtoworkthesedays.2)It,snotthatIdon’tlikeyourcooking,butIamgoingonadiet.Agrowingnumberofpeopleareobsessedwithblinddates,somuchsothatsomematchmakingwebsitesandmatchmakingTVprogramshaveemergedinresponsetoit.Allthemothersarebrimmingwithaffectionfortheirchildren,somuchsothateachconsidersherownchildthemostbeautifulandthemostintelligent.5)CulturaldifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWestaresuchthatitmaytakegreatefforttomanageatransnationalmarriage.English-ChineseTranslationWewalkedmorethan200mileswithoutfieldinganycalls,emails,tweets.我們走了200多英里，沒有回復(fù)任何電話、電子郵件、推特。Everyonehasadifferentdefinitionofgettingawayfromitall.每個(gè)人對(duì)何為徹底逃離(科技)都有自己的定義。Butitseemsincreasinglyurgentnow,inanerawhentheInternetisascloseasaniPhone.但在當(dāng)今，當(dāng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)就像蘋果手機(jī)一樣近在身邊，這種逃離便顯得愈發(fā)緊迫。We,relivinginaremarkabletime,whenitwillsoonbeimpossibletobetrulyalone.我們生活在一個(gè)非凡的年代，在這個(gè)年代里，真正的獨(dú)處很快將難以企及。Ratherthanfocusingontakingtemporarybreaksfromtechnology,weneedthedisciplinetolivewithitatalltimes.與其想著怎樣短暫逃離科技，我們更需要與之長久共存的自覺自律。Thereareotherappsthathavetransformedbirding;theycanidentifyspeciesandforecastmigrations.還有一些應(yīng)用程序改變了觀鳥活動(dòng)的方式，它們可以辨識(shí)鳥的種類，預(yù)測(cè)鳥類遷徙。Theproblemisus—ourinabilitytostepawayfromemailandgamesandinessentialdata.我們才是癥結(jié)所在一一是我們自己離不開郵件、游戲和那些實(shí)際上無關(guān)緊要的數(shù)據(jù)。Soit,svitallyimportantthateachofuslearnshowtolivewithapersistentconnection所以至關(guān)重要的是，我們每個(gè)人都應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)如何對(duì)待這個(gè)無處不在的與外界的聯(lián)系紐帶。BhutanisthelastcountrythatisopentoTVandtheInternet.不丹是世界上最后一個(gè)開放電視與網(wǎng)絡(luò)的國家。Theyarewillingtotakeadvantageofmoderntechnology,butwoulddoitattheirownpace.他們樂于吸取現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的益處，但要按照自己的步伐。Iwantyoutounderstandbothitsbeautyandutility.我希望你們能了解它的美和它的實(shí)用價(jià)值。Studentscanexploreahostofdisciplinesfromthesciencestothehumanities.學(xué)生能夠接觸到許多理工和人文學(xué)科。Iwantyoutodecidewhetheryoureallywanttopursuesuchaneducation.我希望你們能決定到底想不想接受這樣一種教育。Ifyouwanttodowellinanincreasinglyspecializedworld,youmustconcentrateona singlearea.要在一個(gè)日益專門化的社會(huì)里干得出色，就必須專注于某一領(lǐng)域。Higherlearningdoesn’tcenterontrainingsomeonetodoataskthatwouldmakethemmoney.高等教育不以培訓(xùn)學(xué)生做事掙錢為核心。Wemustappreciatewhytheyvaluedabroadeducationbeforespecializinginoneortwofields.我們必須理解為什么他們?nèi)绱酥匾曉谶x定專業(yè)領(lǐng)域之前所接受的通識(shí)教育。Animportantpartofthecreativeprocessistheabilitytorecognizegoodideaswhenyouencounterthem.富有創(chuàng)造力的一個(gè)重要組成部分就是在遇到創(chuàng)意時(shí)能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)它。Theydefinethemselvesascompassionate,concerned,andcaringhumanbeings,citizensoftheworld.他們視自己為富有同情心、公益心和愛心的人，是世界公民。Themostcreativestudentsusedtheircollegeexperiencetoengageandstimulatetheirminds.最有創(chuàng)造力的學(xué)生用大學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷來保持思維的習(xí)慣、激發(fā)靈感。Suchatalent-selectionsystemhadgreatimpactontheculturalconceptsinChinesesociety.這種人才選拔制度對(duì)中國社會(huì)的文化觀念有重大影響。Hewasonhiswaytobecomingoneofthemostinfluentialleadersofourtime.他正在成為我們這個(gè)時(shí)代最有影響力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者之一。Heradicallychangedourthinkingaboutleadershipandinnovation.他徹底改變了我們對(duì)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和創(chuàng)新精神的看法。Socialmoresreinforcethemyththatleadersaresupposedtobeperfect.社會(huì)習(xí)俗更是強(qiáng)化了這種誤解，人們認(rèn)為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該是完美的。Theseindividualscometounderstandthatstruggleisanaturalpartofleadership.這些人慢慢理解了抗?fàn)幠芰Ρ旧砭褪穷I(lǐng)導(dǎo)力不可或缺的一部分。Everyoneisattheirownuniquestageintheirmasteryoftheartofstruggle.在對(duì)抗?fàn)幩囆g(shù)的把握上，每個(gè)人所處的階段各不相同。Asthesescriptsplayout,theyproducethesamepredictable,unsatisfactoryresults.這些劇本一旦上演，必然導(dǎo)向可以預(yù)見的不良結(jié)果。Theybecomeawareofhowtheirownbehaviorandpracticescontributetoundesirableoutcomes.他們逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的行為與做法是如何導(dǎo)致了不良后果。Youmustlookatstrugglesthroughanentirelydifferentlens.你必須重新看待抗?fàn)?，就像透過一個(gè)完全不同的鏡片去看它一樣。Changeplaysaprominentroleinleadershipstruggle.改變?cè)陬I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的抗?fàn)幹衅鹬匾饔?。The21stcenturyhassetupahigherandmorecomprehensivestandardformanagers.21世紀(jì)為經(jīng)理人提出了更高、更全面的要求。TheStarryNightisoneofthemostfamousandreproducedimagesintheartworld.《星夜》是藝術(shù)界最著名、最廣受復(fù)制的作品之一。TheStarryNightisstillingreatdemandfromconsumersandisrecognizedallaroundtheworld.如今《星夜》的復(fù)制品依然大有市場(chǎng)，其地位已經(jīng)得到世界公認(rèn)。Evenwi