2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化100題（5）（含解析）

2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化100題（5）.FourpeopleinEngland,backin1953,staredatPhoto51.Itwasn'tmuch-apictureshowingablackX.ButthreeofthesepeoplewontheNobelPrizeforfiguringoutwhatthephotoreallyshowed一theshapeofDNA.ThediscoverybroughtfameandfortunetoscientistsJamesWatson,FrancisCrickandMauriceWilkins.Thefourth,theonewhoactuallymadethepicture,wasleftout.HernamewasRosalindFranklin.HSheshouldhavebeenupthere,“sayshistorianMaryBowden.nIfherphotoshadn'tbeenthere,theotherscouldn'thavecomeupwiththestructure.'1OnereasonFranklinwasmissingwasthatshehaddiedofcancerfouryearsbeforetheNobeldecision.AttheUniversityofCambridgeinthe1950s,WatsonandCricktriedtomakemodelsbycuttingupshapesofDNA'spartsandthenputtingthemtogether.Meanwhile,atKing'sCollegeLondon,FranklinandWilkinsshoneX-raysatthemolecule.Theraysproducedpatternsreflectingtheshape.ButtherelationshipbetweenWilkinsandFranklinwasalotrockier.WilkinsthoughtFranklinwashiredtobehisassistant.ButthecollegeactuallyemployedhertotakeovertheDNAproject.WhatshedidwasproduceX-raypicturesthattoldWatsonandCrickthatoneoftheirearlymodelswasinsideout.Andshewasnotshyaboutsayingso.ThatangeredWatson,whoattackedherinreturn.nMereinspectionsuggestedthatshewouldnoteasilybend.Clearlyshehadtogoorbeputinherplace."“AsFranklin'scompetitors,Wilkins,WatsonandCrickhadmuchtogainbycuttingheroutofthelittlegroupofresearchers/sayshistorianPninaAbir-Am.In1962attheNobelPrizeawardceremony,Wilkinsthanked13colleaguesbynamebeforehementionedFranklin.Watsonwrotehisbooklaughingather.Crickwrotein1974that"Franklinwasonlytwostepsawayfromthesolution.'1No,Franklinwasthesolution."ShecontributedmorethananyotherplayertosolvingthestructureofDNA.Shemustbeconsideredaco-discoverer,nAbir-Amsays.ThiswasbackedupbyAaronKlug,whoworkedwithFranklinandlaterwonaNobelPrizehimself.Oncedescribedasthe"DarkLadyofDNA",Franklinisfinallycomingintothelight.l.WhydidWatsongetangrywithFranklin?A.Franklinkeptherresultsfromhim.B.Franklintooktheleadinthecompetition.C.Franklinprovedsomeofhisfindingswrong.D.Franklinsharedherdatawithotherscientists..WhyisFranklindescribedas"DarkLadyofDNA”?A.Shedevelopedpicturesindarklabs.B.Hernamewasforgottenafterherdeath.C.ShediscoveredtheblackX一theshapeofDNA.D.Hercontributionwasunknowntothepublic..Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardWilkins,WatsonandCrick?A.Respectful.B.Disapproving.C.Admiring.D.Indifferent..Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.MuchPain,NoGainB.BeNice,NeverFinishLastC.WhenOneDoorCloses,AnotherOpensD.WhereThereIsaWill,ThereIsaWay.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheextremehands-onapproachinparenting?A.Itsgoodforparentstocontrolchildrenbetter.B.Itcanraisechildrentobeindependentones.C.It'sharmfultochildren'smentalhealth.D.Itcanhelpchildrentobeadmittedintobetterschools..Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bribe"inParagraph1mean?A.Persuade.B.Translate.C.Throw.D.Shock..Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Toaddsomebackgroundinformation.C.Toprovidesomeadviceforparents.D.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion..Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoBeYourChildren'sFriendB.BeYourChildren'sConsultantInsteadofManagerC.AccompanyYourChildrenGrowingUpD.HowtoHelpYourChildrenAdjusttoCollegeLife答案以及解析.答案：1-4CDBA解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的WhatshedidwasproduceX-raypictures...oneoftheirearlymodelswasinsideout...ThatangeredWatson可知,沃森生氣是因?yàn)楦惶m克林的X光照片證明了沃森早期的一個(gè)模型是顛倒的,即證明沃森的某個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是錯(cuò)誤的,故選C項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中歷史學(xué)家的話AsFranklin^competitors,Wilkins,WatsonandCrickhadmuchto...bycuttingheroutofthelittlegroupofresearchers可知，威爾金斯、沃森和克里克把富蘭克林排除在外，由最后一段中的ShecontributedmorethananyotherplayertosolvingthestructureofDNA...以及OncedescribedasthenDarkLadyofDNAH,Franklinisfinallycomingintothelight.可知，富蘭克林在解開DNA結(jié)構(gòu)的問題上貢獻(xiàn)最大，但最后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可推知,她被稱為“DarkLadyofDNA”，是因?yàn)樗呢暙I(xiàn)不為公眾所知,故選D項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，作為富蘭克林的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，威爾金斯、沃森和克里克通過把富蘭克林排除在研究小組之外而獲益頗多，結(jié)合最后一段中的No,Franklinwasthesolution.及Shemustbeconsideredaco-discoverer可推知，作者認(rèn)為富蘭克林起至lj了關(guān)鍵作用，肯定了她對(duì)研究的貢獻(xiàn),而對(duì)其他三位科學(xué)家是不贊成的,故選B項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。本文第一段說明有三位科學(xué)家獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng),但研究團(tuán)隊(duì)中的第四個(gè)人卻被排除在外；下文詳細(xì)說明了羅莎琳德?富蘭克林雖然對(duì)DNA的發(fā)現(xiàn)有重大貢獻(xiàn)，但卻始終不為人所知的故事，由此可推知,A項(xiàng)（多勞無獲）為最佳標(biāo)題,故選A項(xiàng)。.答案：1-4CADB解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Since1900,about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns,可知，近半的新動(dòng)詞來自名詞，說明“名詞動(dòng)用”在上個(gè)世紀(jì)并不是罕見的現(xiàn)象,故選C項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Notallarebad,butallaresuspect.可知，兩位專家建議在英語語言的實(shí)踐中應(yīng)持懷疑態(tài)度；TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.說明《芝加哥文體手冊(cè)》也建議小心謹(jǐn)慎地使用動(dòng)詞，由此可推知，對(duì)于"名詞動(dòng)用”的用法,大多數(shù)專家持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度,故選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Noteverycoinagepassesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit.可知，作者認(rèn)為想要停止“名詞動(dòng)用”用法的使用是不可能的，故選D項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章描述了存在已久的一種語言現(xiàn)象一“名詞動(dòng)用”,并討論了人們對(duì)它的態(tài)度，大多數(shù)專家對(duì)英語語言中“名詞動(dòng)用”的實(shí)踐持有謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度,也有人因抗拒自己不熟悉的東西而反對(duì)新動(dòng)詞。B項(xiàng)引用文章中的兩個(gè)“名詞動(dòng)用”的詞summer和medal來對(duì)其用法進(jìn)行概括并展示對(duì)它的態(tài)度，因此B項(xiàng)"Summering和Medaling很討厭嗎?”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選B項(xiàng)。3.答案：1-4DBAA解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的peoplewithhighbloodIpressurearemorelikelytoexperiencepoorercommunicationbetweenbrainregionsthanthosewithnormalbloodpressure可知，高血壓患者大腦區(qū)域之間的交流可能會(huì)更少,也就是說大腦區(qū)域間的關(guān)聯(lián)會(huì)比較弱,故選D項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題o根據(jù)第六段中的Yaffe,however,pointedoutalargerstudyoveralongerperiodoftimeisneededtofleshoutthesefindings.以及下文的Wecantanswerthosequestionswithsuchasmallstudy.可知亞夫博士肯定了這項(xiàng)研究的意義,并指出其局限性,即還需要進(jìn)行更大規(guī)模、更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的研究，由此可推知,亞夫博士對(duì)這實(shí)驗(yàn)持客觀態(tài)度,故選B項(xiàng)。.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線處下文的Wecan'tanswerthosequestionswithsuchasmallstudy.可知本次研究規(guī)模和成果較小，需要更大規(guī)模、更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的實(shí)驗(yàn)來豐富實(shí)驗(yàn)成果，故可推知畫線短語意為“豐富”,故選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,并非每個(gè)高血壓患者都有患阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),大腦可能有其他的補(bǔ)償方法，由此可推知,大腦也許會(huì)以某種方式來抵消高血壓對(duì)大腦產(chǎn)生的不利影響,A項(xiàng)中短語makeupfor意為“彌補(bǔ)”,故選A項(xiàng)。.答案：1-4CBDC解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Youmightthinkthehighheatfromfire...evenmultiplypost-fire.可知,一些微生物在大火之后可能會(huì)大量繁殖,故選C項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的Dr.PeterChen可定位至第三段，由該段中的…butit'scertainlypossiblethatasignificantamountcouldworsensymptomsinsomeonewithapre-existinglungcondition.可知,彼得認(rèn)為大量的細(xì)菌和真菌等微生物可能會(huì)讓病人的肺部感染惡化,故選B項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Thisisespeciallytrueforlower-incomepopulations...areoftenmoreexposedtotheenvironment.可知，低收入人群比另ij人遭受更多是因?yàn)樗麄兏l繁地暴露在污染的空氣中；固定搭配beexposedto意為”暴露在……”,故選D項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段彼得的建議可知,在空氣質(zhì)量差的時(shí)候，人們應(yīng)該待在室內(nèi)，關(guān)閉門窗，使用高效微粒空氣過濾器和空調(diào)等，由此可推知,最后一段討論了關(guān)于應(yīng)對(duì)較差的空氣質(zhì)量的建議，故選C項(xiàng)。.答案：1-3CCB解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Justexpectalotoftrafficjamsontheroadaseveryoneisoutonpick-uptrucks,throwingwaterateachother.可知，在潑水節(jié)期間道路發(fā)生交通堵塞是因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)谙嗷娝?故選C項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Initially,youareonlysupposedtosprinkleyourfamilywithatinycupofwaterathome.可知，慶祝潑水節(jié)的第一步是給家人灑點(diǎn)水。題干中的thefirststep與原文中的Initially為同義表達(dá),故選C項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SurvivalTips中的Doniwearexpensiveclothing.可知,在潑水節(jié)期間,推薦穿便宜的衣服，故選B項(xiàng)。6.答案：1-4CDAC解析：1.推理判斷題。第一段中的Magicisaformofentertainmentthatisbasedonpretendingtodothingsthatareimpossible.對(duì)魔術(shù)表演下定義，第三段的第一句Twobasicmagictricksaremakingobjectsseemto…以及最后一段第一句Anotherfavoritetrickisto…說明這兩段在講述魔術(shù)的技巧，由此可推知,寫作目的是解釋魔術(shù)的藝術(shù),故選c項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Magicshowsareentertainingaslongastheaudiencedoesnotdiscoverhowthetricksaredone.及Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticing…equipment.可知，魔術(shù)師要讓觀眾注意不到他們的手部動(dòng)作，同時(shí)讓觀眾想不到魔術(shù)設(shè)備的秘密之處,即具有保密性對(duì)于魔術(shù)的成功很重要;D項(xiàng)中固定搭配ke叩sth.insecret意為”使……保密*故選D項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首句可知該段闡述的是兩個(gè)魔術(shù)技巧,兩者相結(jié)合以取得效果，又根據(jù)下文的Forexample,themagicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveralcups...及最后兩段出現(xiàn)的Whatactuallyhappensisthat…可知，作者用兩個(gè)具體例子來論證說明以上論點(diǎn)，故選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.可知,表演魔術(shù)需要練習(xí)，其他選項(xiàng)在原文中未體現(xiàn),故選C項(xiàng)。.答案：1-4DDCB解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的somebadnewsthatpreventsyourenthusiasticimagination可矢口，壞消息阻礙想象力，結(jié)合...youcouldn'tpossiblycomeupwithanythinginventiveinthismood.可矢口，在壞情緒影響下,很難想出任何有創(chuàng)意的東西。由此可推知,第一段的寫作目的是闡明情緒是如何影響你的創(chuàng)造力的,故選D項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Bothpositiveandnegativemoodscanleadtotwodifferentkindsofcreativitythatbenefitdifferenttasks.及Researchshowsthatthekeyfactorinfluencingourcreativityisnotourmooditself…ourwork.可知，作者認(rèn)為積極和消極的情緒能產(chǎn)生不同的創(chuàng)造力，并陳述研究結(jié)論說明影響創(chuàng)造力的關(guān)鍵不在于情緒本身，由此可推知,作者對(duì)消極情緒的態(tài)度是客觀的,故選D項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Theyreportexperiencingverystrongemotionsmorefrequentlythanlesscreativepeople…可知,They指代highlycreativepeople,也就是說,具有高度創(chuàng)造性的人比缺乏創(chuàng)造力的人更頻繁地經(jīng)歷強(qiáng)烈的情緒，由此可知,強(qiáng)烈的情緒在創(chuàng)造性中發(fā)揮重要作用，故選C項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句...butthestrengthofourfeelingsandthemotivationbehindourwork.以及最后一段內(nèi)容可知,高度創(chuàng)造性的人有強(qiáng)烈的情緒并且更愿意體驗(yàn)這些情緒，他們的態(tài)度是積極的，由此可推知,不管處于什么情緒，只要我們能積極面對(duì)內(nèi)心的感受,就可以變得更有創(chuàng)造力,故選B項(xiàng)。.答案：1-4CACC解析：1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的Over400humanfootprintspreservedinvolcanicsedimentprovideasignofsociallifeamongancienthunter-gatherers.可知，火山沉積物中保存的400多個(gè)人類腳印是古代狩獵采集者的社會(huì)生活的標(biāo)志,并結(jié)合畫線詞所在句可知,在坦桑尼亞北部發(fā)現(xiàn)的某些東西,豐富了非洲最大的古代人類腳印收藏。由此可推知，畫線詞impressions指人類或其他生物留下的腳印等痕跡,故選C項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Thewomenmayhavebeensearchingforfoodswhileafewmalesvisitedoraccompaniedthem,theresearchersinfer.可知，這些女性尋找食物時(shí)會(huì)有男性陪伴，由此可推知，古代人外出狩獵應(yīng)該是經(jīng)過一定計(jì)劃和組織的,故選A項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Otherfootprintsitespresentespeciallypromisingopportunitiesforstudyingancientbehavior,hesays,可知，這些足跡遺址為進(jìn)一步研究古代人類行為提供了一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì),故選C項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。本文介紹了一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)坦桑尼亞北部發(fā)現(xiàn)的足跡中隱藏的人類社會(huì)行為的分析研究成果,這些足跡將有助于研究古代人類社會(huì)行為以及石器時(shí)代的捕獵行為。由此可推知,C項(xiàng)”古代人類的腳印告訴我們什么”為最佳標(biāo)題,故選C項(xiàng)。.答案：1-4BCDA解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Butastheyhavedroppedinpricemorepeoplehavebeguntousethem.Rescueworkersandfarmersareamongthenewusers.可知，救援人員和農(nóng)民開始使用無人機(jī)是因?yàn)闊o人機(jī)的價(jià)格下降了，故選B項(xiàng)。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的RomainFaroux定位至第三段，由該段的…asmalldronethatcouldbecontrolledbypeopleontheground.TheycalleditnAgridronen.Itusesaspecial"opticalsensor**toexaminecrops.可知，羅曼?法魯?shù)墓狙邪l(fā)的無人機(jī)利用”光學(xué)傳感器”幫助農(nóng)民檢測(cè)莊稼,故選C項(xiàng)。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thesensoronthedronerecordsfourdifferent-colored"bands”ofsunlightthatarereflectedoffthecrops.可知,無人機(jī)上的傳感器能記錄農(nóng)作物反射的陽光,故選D項(xiàng)。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段中的RomainFarouxsaysfarmersuseinformation...andreducespollution.可知,農(nóng)民利用農(nóng)業(yè)無人機(jī)收集的信息,只在需要化肥的地方施肥,這減少了污染，很環(huán)保,故選A項(xiàng)。10.答案：1-4CACB解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Butanextremehands-onapproachcanhavedevastatingconsequenceswhenitcomestoachild'smentalhealth.可知，這種極端的教育方式對(duì)兒童的心理健康有害,故選C項(xiàng)。.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句中的thisextremecaseillustratesthetemptationmanyfeeltotakecontroloftheirkids*lives可知，許多人意欲控制自己孩子的生話，畫線詞bribe與temptation語義一致,在此處意為”誘惑;誘哄”，即誘哄自己的孩子進(jìn)入精英學(xué)校，故選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Wesuggestparentsthinkofthemselvesasconsultants…以及Headvisesparentstoencouragetheirkids…可知，作者是在給父母提供建議，故選C項(xiàng)。.主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其根據(jù)最后一段的關(guān)鍵詞consultants,understand,encourage可知，專家建議父母把自己當(dāng)作孩子的顧問，理解并鼓勵(lì)孩子,放棄對(duì)孩子生活的控制;B項(xiàng)”做孩子的顧問而非管理者”為最佳標(biāo)題,故選B項(xiàng)。2.Whilemanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer,fewwouldsaythatwe've"summered.”“Summer"isclearlyanoun,moreprecisely,averbingnoun.Waybackinourchildhood,wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuchatidydefinition,itwaseasytospotthedifference.It*snotsoinadulthood,whereweareexpectedto"foot"bills,"chair"committees,and“dialog“withpoliticalopponents.Chancesareyoudidn'tfeeluncomfortableaboutthesightofthoseverbingnouns."TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage,"saysPatriciaO'Conner,aformereditoratTheNewYorkTimesBookReview.Expertsestimatethat20percentofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Andthephenomenonseemstobesnowballing.Since1900,about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.Eventhoughconversion（轉(zhuǎn)彳上）isquiteuniversal,plentyofgrammariansobjecttothepractice.WilliamStrunkJr.andE.B.White,inTheElementsofStyle-theBiblefortheuseofAmericanEnglish-havethistosay:"Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad,butallaresuspect.nTheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint,advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.*'Sometimespeopleobjecttoanewverbbecausetheyresistwhatisunfamiliartothem,"saysO'Conner.That'swhywe'recomfortablewith"hosting"aparty,butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof,'medaling,,insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?BenjaminDreyer,copychiefatRandomHouse,doesn,tofferarule,butsuggeststhatpeoplethinktwiceabout''verbifying'*anounifit'seasilyreplaceablebyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit*sdescriptivebutnotsilly-sounding,hesays.Intheend,however,styleissubjective.EasyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpartofEnglishgrammarforcenturies;itisoneoftheprocessesthatmakeEnglish"English."Noteverycoinage（新倉U詞語）passesintogeneraluse,butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether,forgetit..Whatcanwelearnabouttheverbingofnouns?A.Ithasn'trecentlybeenopposedbymanygrammarians.B.Itismorecommonlyacceptedbychildrenthanadults.C.Ithasn'tbeenararephenomenoninthepastcentury.D.Itiseasilyreplacedbyexistingverbsinpractice..Whatismostleadingexperts*attitudetowardthepracticeoftheverbingofnouns?A.Cautious.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.D.Unconcerned..Whatdoestheauthorthinkofendingtheverbingofnouns?A.Predictable.B.Practicable.C.Approaching.D.Impossible..Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Are40PercentofAllNewVerbsFromNouns?B.Are"Summering"and"Medaling”Annoying?C.AreYouComfortableAboutaNewVerb?D.AreThereAnyRulesforVerbing?3.Atestthatmeasuresbloodflowchangesinthebrainshowspeoplewithhighbloodpressurearemorelikelytoexperiencepoorercommunicationbetweenbrainregionsthanthosewithnormalbloodpressure,accordingtoasmallstudypublishedintheAmericanHeartAssociationjournalHypertension."ThisstudymayhelptoexplainwhyhypertensionisamajorriskfactorforAlzheimefsdisease,'*saidthestudy'sleadauthor,LorenzoCarnevale.Researcherscomparedimagesofthebrainsof19peoplewithhighbloodpressureand18peoplewithbloodpressureinthenormalrange.Theimageswereresting-statefunctionalMRIs,whichmeasuresmallchangesinbloodflowatrest.Researchersalsogaveparticipantscognitivetests.Comparedtopeoplewithnormalbloodpressure,thosewithhypertensionperformedmoreslowlyandpoorlyonthecognitivetests,andtheirbrainimagesshowedapatternofabnormalconnections.Dr.KristineYaffe,aprofessorofpsychiatryandneurologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,notedthebrainchangesappearedpriortoanystructuralchangeinthebrainassociatedwithpoorercognitiveskills."Itcouldbethatthechangesarethere,andwejustdon'tseethemyet,"Yaffesaid.nOrmaybethefunctionalconnectionsarealteredearlierintheprocess.Thereallyamazingthingtomeisthattheyareseeingthesechangesatsuchayoungage."Theaverageageofparticipantswithhighbloodpressurewas55.Yaffe,however,pointedoutalargerstudyoveralongerperiodoftimeisneededtofleshoutthesefindings.nWeneedtoseeifcognitivefunctiongetsworse,whoismostlikelytoexperiencethisandwhatitmeansintermsofwhenbrainchangesappear.Wecan'tanswerthosequestionswithsuchasmallstudy.""ThestudyshouldnotbeinterpretedtomeaneveryonewithhighbloodpressureisontheroadtoAlzheimefsdisease,nsheadded.nThebrainisreallycomplicated.Therearesomesubtlechangesinconnectionsshownhere,butthatdoesn'tmeanthebrainisn'tworking.Theremaybeotherwaysthebrainiscompensating（彌補(bǔ)）forthis.”.Whatwillpeoplewithhypertensionsuffer?A.Lesscommunication.B.Adeclineinmemory.C.Inactivebrainactivities.D.Poorconnectionsinthebrain..WhatisDr.KristineYaffe'sattitudetowardthestudy?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Disapproving.D.Indifferent..Whatdotheunderlinedwords"fleshout*'meaninParagraph6?A.Enrich.B.Deny.C.Describe.D.Challenge..Whatcanweinferabouthighbloodpressure?A.Brainsmaymakeupforitseffects.B.Itmakesbrainsmorecomplicated.C.ItmustleadtoAlzheimefsdisease.D.Itseffectsonbrainsarestillunknown.4.It'snosecretthatinhalingsmokeisbadforyourlungs.Butnow,scientistsaresuggestingsmokemayalsocarryandspreadinfectiousdisease.Thetheory,publishedinScienceMagazine,isbasedonresearchthatfoundwildfiresmokeisteemingwiththousandsofspeciesofmicroorganisms.Someofthesemicroorganisms,includingbacteriaandfungalspores（真菌抱子），areknowntocausedisease.Thenewresearchsuggeststhatwhenawildfireburnsplantoranimalmatteranddisturbssoils,itexposesthousandsofspeciesofbacteriaandfungi（真菌）thatotherwisemightnoteasilybecomeairborne.Youmightthinkthehighheatfromfirewouldkilltheseorganisms,butonestudycitedinthearticlefoundthatsomebacteriaevenmultiplypost-fire.Scientistssaytheorganismslatchontosmokeparticulates,allowingthemtotravelthousandsofmilesacrosscontinents.Dr.PeterChen,directoroftheDivisionofPulmonaryandCriticalCareMedicineatCedars-SinaiMedicalCenterinLosAngeles,is"intrigued"bythetheorybutsomewhatskepticalthatthemicroorganismsinsmokewouldactuallycauseinfections.Manybacteriaandfungidon'tcauselunginfections,saysChen,butit'scertainlypossiblethatasignificantamountcouldworsensymptomsinsomeonewithapre-existinglungcondition.nIalwaysthoughtitwastheparticulatesinsmokethatwerecausingtheseissues,"saysChen.nButwhenIreadthis,Istartedthinking:Coulditbethemicroorganismsthatarealsoworseningexistingillness?11Whetherthemicrobesinsmokeactuallycauseinfectionsorsimplyworsenpotentialrespiratoryissues,thearticleraisesanewhealththreatthatis"certainlyalarming1',saysKelseyJack,anassociateprofessorofenvironmentalanddevelopmenteconomics.Thisisespeciallytrueforlower-incomepopulations,Jacksays,becausepeoplewithfewermeansareoftenmoreexposedtotheenvironment.Ifsmokeisaffectingtheairqualityinacertainarea,thepeoplewhoworkoutside,orwhohavetogototheofficeonfootorbybike,willinhalemoresmokethanthosewhodrive.Butuntilmoreresearchisdone,Chensaysthebestthingpeoplecandoisjustfollowexistingrecommendationswhenairqualityispoor-includingstayingindoors,keepingwindowsanddoorsclosed,usingHEPAfilters（過濾器）andrunningairconditioning..WhatcanweknowaboutthemicroorganismsfromParagraph2?A.Theycouldbekilledbyhighheat.B.Theycouldpossiblytravelthroughairbythemselves.C.Theycouldreproduceinlargenumbersafterfires.D.Theycaneasilyattachthemselvestosmokeparticulates..HowdomostmicroorganismsaffectpeopleaccordingtoDr.PeterChen?A.Theywillcauselunginfections.B.Theymightworsenlungdisease.C.Theywilldestroylivingenvironments.D.Theymightdamagerespiratorysystem..Whyarelow-incomepeoplesufferingmorethanothers?A.Theyliveinpoorareas.B.Theydrivetoandfromwork.C.Theyhavesufferedfromlungdisease.D.Theyareexposedtopollutedairmorefrequently..Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Resultsofthenewresearch.B.DisagreementsbetweentheauthorandChen.C.Suggestionsondealingwithpoorairquality.D.Benefitsofpreventingsmokefrompollutingtheair.5.SongkranDuration:fromApril12to15inPhuket（Thedatesvarydependingontheregions）.Location:SongkranistheThaiNewYear.Theentirecountrygetsalotofdaysoff,andmostThaipeoplewillbegoingbackhometocelebrateSongkranwiththeirfamilies.Justexpectalotoftrafficjamsontheroadaseveryoneisoutonpick-uptrucks,throwingwaterateachother.Details:StartingintheearlymorningonApril13th,thewaterceremonywilltakemanyforms.Initially,youareonlysupposedtosprinkle。西）yourfamilywithatinycupofwaterathome.Itsgoodluck.ThenyousprinkleastatueofBuddhaveryrespectfullyandsayalittleprayer.Laterinthemorning,thegamestartstochange.Becausethisisthehottesttimeoftheyear,sprinklingeachotherwithwaterisalotoffun.AddalittlebeertothatandSongkranturnsintoacountry-widewaterwar.ItstartsrathergentlyinPhuketTownaround10a.m.,turningtowaterdogfights（混戰(zhàn)）intheafternooninPatong,KataandKaron,andendsinthefull-scalewetwarzoneinBanglaRoaduntillateatnight.SurvivalTips:Don'tdriveabikeifyoucanavoidit.It'sslipperyandthetendencytocloseeyeswhenwateristhrownatyouisdangerous.Getawaterproofcamera.Beawareofmajortrafficjamsintowns,mostlyinPatongBeach.Don'tcarryanythingthatdoesn'tresistwater.Don*twearexpensiveclothing.Beawareofthesun!Havefun!Don*ttakeittooseriously.Itsgood.l.WhydotrafficjamshappenduringSongkran?A.Theroadisslippery.B.Theentirecountrygetsalotofdaysoff.C.Thepeoplearethrowingwaterateachother.D.Everyoneissprinklinghisfamilyontheroad.2.What'sthefirststeptocelebrateSongkran?A.Sayingalittleprayer.B.SprinklingastatueofBuddha.C.Sprinklingthefamilywithalittlewater.D.Sprinklingeachotherwithmuchbeer.3.WhichofthefollowingisrecommendedduringSongkran?A.Carryinganumbrella.B.Wearingcheapclothes.C.Bringingsomecash.D.Ridingabicycle.6.Magicisaformofentertainmentthatisbasedonpretendingtodothingsthatareimpossible.Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.Theytrytomaketheaudiencebelievethattheyhavethepowertodothingswhichareagainstthelawsofnature.Magicshowsareentertainingaslongastheaudiencedoesnotdiscoverhowthetricksaredone.Themagicianusuallydependsontheirskillwiththeirhands,ontheirknowledgeofpsychology,and,sometimes,onmechanicaldevices（機(jī)械裝置）.Sincemagicperformanceismeanttotrickpeople,theuseofpsychologyisimportant.Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthemovementsoftheirhandsandfromthinkingaboutthesecretpartsoftheirequipment.Theymustalsoleadtheaudienceto

drawfalseconclusions.Themagician'ssuccessdependsonthefactthatmanythingsseenbytheeyearenotthethingsthatmatter.Twobasicmagictricksaremakingobjectsseemtoappearandmakingobjectsseemtodisappear.Acombinationofthesetwotricksmakesforsomeinterestingeffects.Forexample,themagicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveralcups.Theballthenseemstojumpfromonecuptoanotherortochangecolor.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagician,employingquickhandmovementsoramechanicaldevice,hidesoneball.Whiledoingthistheytalktotheaudienceandwaveabrightlycoloredclothwithonehand.Theaudienceistoobusywatchingtheclothandlisteningtothemagician'swordstonoticethattheirotherhandishidingtheball.Anotherfavoritetrickistocutorburnsomething,andthenmakeitappearwholeagain.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagicianmakesthecutorburnedobjectdisappearbyquicklyhidingitwhiletheaudiencewatchessomethingelse.Thenthey"magically"makeitappearwholeagainbydisplayinganotherobjectthathasnotbeencutorburned.l.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromoteamagicshow.C.Toexplaintheartofmagic.A.Topromoteamagicshow.C.Toexplaintheartofmagic.D.Topraisethetalentsofmagicians..Whichofthefollowingisimportantforasuccessfulmagictrick?A.Movingstageequipment.C.Applyinghightechnology.A.Movingstageequipment.C.Applyinghightechnology.D.Keepingtheperformanceinsecret..Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelasttwoparagraphs?B.Makingasummary.D.Explainingaconcept.B.Makingasummary.D.Explainingaconcept.C.Drawingcomparisons..Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Mechanicaldevicesareexpensive.C.Ittakespracticetoperformmagic.A.Mechanicaldevicesareexpensive.C.Ittakespracticetoperformmagic.B.Mostmagiciansemployassistants.D.Smallobjectsaremagicians*favorites.7.Maybeyou'redepressedbecauseyoudon'tsleepwell.Oryoufeelstuckwhenyoureadane-mailwithsomebadnewsthatpreventsyourenthusiasticimagination.Whateverthecasemaybe,youtellyourselfworkingnowisinvain,becauseyoucouldn'tpossiblycomeupwithanythinginventiveinthismood.Severalstudiesinpsychologyhaveshownthatnegativeemotionsnarrowourvisionandlimitourthinking.However,positiveemotionscanimprovecreativitybecausetheybroadenourwayofthinkingbyencouragingustotrynewthingsorlookatsituationsdifferently.Creativityistheabilitytoproduceandcarryoutbothnewandusefulideas.Creativitycanresultfromaperson'sowncreativeideasandobservations,oritcanappearasaresponsetoadirectassignmentorproblemaswell.Bothpositiveandnegativemoodscanleadtotwodifferentkindsofcreativitythatbenefitdifferenttasks.Researchshowsthatthekeyfactorinfluencingourcreativityisnotourmooditself,butthestrengthofourfeelingsandthemotivationbehindourwork.Forexample,angeroranxietycanhelpustofocusourattentiononproducingeffectiveresults.Greatexcitementorjoy,ontheotherhand,canencourageaninstantatwhichthesolutiontoaproblembecomesclearallofasudden.Infact,onestudyevenfindsthatwhilewe're20percentmorelikelytohavecreativeabilitiestounderstandmixedsituationswhenwe'refeelinggood,peopleinanegativemoodperformbetterwhenthequalityofsolutions-notquantity一mattersmost.Butofcourse,wearerarelyentirelyhappyorentirelysad.Moreoften,weexperiencemixedemotions.Inpsychology,thesestrongemotions,whethertheyarepositiveornegative,leadtogreatercreativeactions.Itcomesasnosurprisethenthathighlycreativepeopletendtobeveryfamiliarwiththeiremotions.Theyreportexperiencingverystrongemotionsmorefrequentlythanlesscreativepeopleandaremorewillingtoexperiencethoseemotions..Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthefirstparagraph?A.Toexpectustobecreative.B.Toshowtheimportanceofcreativity.C.Totellusnegativeemotionsexisteverywhere.D.Toclarifyhowmoodsinfluenceyourcreativity..Whatistheattitudeoftheauthortowardnegativeemotions?A.Supportive.B.Critical.C.Doubtful.D.Objective..Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Weshouldalwaystrytokeepourselvesingoodmood.B.Peoplefeeleitherveryhappyorverysadmostofthetime.C.Strongemotionsplayanimportantroleincreativity.D.Creativityonlyresultsfromcreativeideasandobservations..Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldyoudotogetmorecreative?A.Avoidnegativemoodstotally.B.Faceuptoinnerfeelingspositively.C.Tryoutnew