2023年安徽省中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)一輪復(fù)習(xí)：第5講-數(shù)詞-教案

課程主題：數(shù)詞2023年安徽省中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1、掌握數(shù)詞的基礎(chǔ)用法2、重點掌握基數(shù)詞以及序數(shù)詞在中考題目中的靈活運用。教學(xué)內(nèi)容【進門測試】一、寫出下列序數(shù)詞1.第十二______________2.第六十九______________3.第二十五_____________4.第210_______________5.第二十四____________6.第三十______________7.第五十七_____________8.第四________________二、單項選擇1.Hewasdoingsomewashing__________.A.ateightyesterdaymorningB.yesterdaymorningeightC.yesterdaymorningateightD.byeightyesterdaymorning2.Thereare_______daysinayear.A.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive3.Thereare_______studentsinthisschool.A.eighthundredsandforty-sixB.eighthundredsandforty-sixC.eighthundredandforty-sixD.eighthundredforty-six4.Everyyear________watchNBAonTV.A.millionpeopleB.millionsofpeopleC.millionspeopleD.millionofpeople5.Look!Thereare______inthesky.A.thousandstarsB.thousandofstarsC.thousandsofstarsD.thousandsofstar6.girlstookpartintheHappyGirlCompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceeded.A.MillionofB.ManymillionofC.OnemillionofD.Millionsof7.treeshavebeenplantednearhere,sotheairisveryfresh.A.TwohundredsB.HundredofC.HundredsofD.Hundreds答案：一：twelfthsixty-ninthtwenty-fifthtwohundredandtenthtwenty-fourththirtiethfifty-seventhfourth二：ACCBCDC【多元導(dǎo)學(xué)】你能猜出下列諺語的含義嗎？趕緊試試吧！1.Oneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.2.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.3.Killtwobirdswithonestone.4.Thefirststepbeingtaken,therestiseasy.5.Twodogsstriveforaboneandthethirdrunsawaywithit.批注：讓學(xué)生閱讀并試著翻譯所給出的諺語，找出其中的數(shù)詞，注意觀察基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的不同用法。答案：1.一個和尚挑水吃，兩個和尚抬水吃.三個和尚沒水吃。2.三個臭皮匠,賽過諸葛亮。(或兩人智慧勝一人。）3.一箭雙雕。4.萬事開頭難。5.鷸蚌相爭，漁翁得利?！净泳v】知識點一數(shù)詞的含義和分類【知識梳理1】數(shù)詞的基本概念表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫做數(shù)詞(numeral)。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫做基數(shù)詞(cardinal

numberal),

如one,

ten,

fifty-two等。表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫做序數(shù)詞(ordinal

numeral),

如first,

tenth,

fiftieth等。【知識梳理2】數(shù)詞的分類一、基數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞，下面是最常用的基數(shù)詞：1one11eleven2two12twelve20twenty3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten100one(a)hundred百1000one(a)thousand千10000tenthousand萬100000one(a)hundredthousand十萬1000000one(a)million百萬二、序數(shù)詞：序數(shù)詞表示事物的順序，往往與定冠詞the連用。常用的序數(shù)詞如下：序數(shù)詞縮寫序數(shù)詞縮寫firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12thtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtieththirty-fifthfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredth20th21st30th35th40th50th60th70th80th90th100th基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞間的轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律：基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞的規(guī)則(口訣)基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上th；一、二、三特殊記，八去“t”,九去“e”；“ve”要用f替，見“y”變成“ie”詞尾加上“th”；若是遇到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。【例題精講】例1.Oneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.一個和尚沒水喝，兩個和尚挑水喝，三個和尚沒水喝。例2.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.三個臭皮匠，頂個諸葛亮。【鞏固練習(xí)】1.It’sthe_________(第一)timeforNanjingtoholdtheAsiaBikeShow．Itissuretobeagreatsuccess．2.TheEiffelTower,aculturaliconofFrance,wascompletedattheendofthe(nineteen)century.Keys：1.first/1st2.nineteenth/19th知識點二基數(shù)詞的用法【知識梳理1】基數(shù)詞用法1.時間的表達12小時制時刻的讀法分為順讀法和倒讀法。順讀法是依次讀“點鐘數(shù)、分鐘數(shù)”。倒讀法中，在前半小時：“分鐘數(shù)＋past＋已過點鐘數(shù)”；在后半小時：“分鐘數(shù)＋to＋下個鐘點數(shù)”。半小時用“half”，一刻鐘用quarter6:00讀作：six(o'clock)7:30順讀：seventhirty倒讀：halfpastseven9:15順讀：ninefifteen倒讀：aquarterpastnine2:45順讀：twoforty-five倒讀：aquartertothree21:50順讀：twenty-onefifty倒讀：tentotenintheevening＝9:50p.m.24:00讀作：twenty-fourhundredhours＝midnightThebususuallyleavesat19:15.公共汽車通常在19:15離開。(讀作aquarterpastsevenintheevening或nineteenfifteen)2.表示計量：表示事物的計量，即事物的長度、寬度、深度和高度3.表示編號：編號的數(shù)字如果過小，可用序數(shù)詞或基數(shù)詞表示；如果數(shù)字較大，通常用基數(shù)詞表示4.表示不確切的數(shù)字：基數(shù)詞后面直接加上復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示精確的數(shù)字，而基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式加上“of”表示不確切的數(shù)字5.表示年齡和歲數(shù)1）表示年齡的主要句式如下：Heis10(yearsofage).

他10歲。Heis10yeasold.

他10歲。Heisaten-year-oldboy.

他是個10歲的男孩子。Heisaboyof10yeasold.

他是個10歲的男孩子。

Attheageoften,hebegantolearnEnglish.

他10歲開始學(xué)英語。2)介詞in+one’stwenties(thirties…)表示“在某人20多歲（30多歲……）”。6.表示年代：表示什么世紀，什么年代時，通常在數(shù)詞后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠詞the,如1980’s

（20世紀80年代），讀作：nineteeneighties.7.表示百分數(shù)：百分數(shù)的表達方式是：基數(shù)詞+percent（單數(shù)形式）+of+名詞批注：小數(shù)的表達：小數(shù)點前的基數(shù)詞與前面所講的基數(shù)詞讀法完全相同，小數(shù)點讀作“point”，小數(shù)點后只需將數(shù)字一一讀出。15.67讀作fifteenpointsixseven0.009讀作zeropointzerozeronine或noughtpointnoughtnoughtnine表示一些數(shù)學(xué)公式：“加”用plus/and，“減”用minus，“乘”用times，“除”用dividedby，動詞多用單數(shù)，如：3＋5＝8讀作：Threeplus/andfiveiseight.9－2＝7讀作：Nineminustwoisseven.6×5＝30讀作：Fivetimessixisthirty.8÷4＝2讀作：Eightdividedbyfouristwo.8.數(shù)詞和名詞連用，加連字符相當(dāng)于形容詞Heisaten-year-oldboy.

=Heisaboyof10yeasold他是一個10歲的男孩。注意有“-”時名詞后不可寫復(fù)數(shù)形式，其作為一個整體相當(dāng)于形容詞，只作定語。而不加“-”時，當(dāng)基數(shù)詞大于1時，之后的名詞要注意用復(fù)數(shù)，只能作表語。類似這樣的用法，還有：three-meter-high三米高的four-meter-wide4米寬的【例題精講】例1：—Howmuchdoesitcosttobuildtheschoollibrary?—Four____yuan.A.million B.millionsC.millionsof D.millionof解析：基數(shù)詞后直接加million。答案：A例2：ThewaterbehindtheThreeGorgesDam（三峽大壩）shouldbe______higherthandown-stream（下游）。A.sixty-fivemeter B.sixty-fifthmeterC.sixty-fivemeters D.sixty-fifthmeters解析：根據(jù)句中higher和選項中的meter可判斷出用基數(shù)詞，meter可數(shù),需用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案：C例3：—Howamazingthenoodleis!—Yes,itis__________,andbreakstheGuinnessWorldRecordasthelongesthandmadenoodle.A.1,704-meter-long B.1,704-meters-longC.1,704meterlong D.1,704meterslong解析：對于事物長度的表達用基數(shù)詞，注意當(dāng)數(shù)量超過1時量詞用復(fù)數(shù)。A只能作定語，D只作表語。答案：D例4：TheSutongHighwayBridge,a__________bridge,isalreadyopentotraffic.A.32kilometrelong B.32-kilometre-longC.32kilometreslong D.32-kilometres-long解析：注意基數(shù)詞和計量單位間用“-”連接時相當(dāng)于形容詞的用法可直接修飾名詞，計量單位不可加-s。答案：B例5：You'llhave________holidaynextweek.Whereareyougoing?A．a(chǎn)seven-dayB．seven-daysC．a(chǎn)sevendayD．a(chǎn)seven-days'解析：此題考查數(shù)詞作定語，常用“數(shù)詞＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，一個7天的假期，應(yīng)為aseven-dayholiday。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中應(yīng)將度量表達方式置于所修飾詞之前，名詞用單數(shù)形式，且數(shù)詞和名詞之間用連字號連接。答案：A知識點三序數(shù)詞的用法【知識梳理1】序數(shù)詞用法1.序數(shù)詞主要用作定語、表語，前面一般要加定冠詞the。2.序數(shù)詞前不用定冠詞的情況①表示順序的語氣很弱，具有“又一”、“再一”的意思時，其前要用不定冠詞，不用定冠詞。②序數(shù)詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、名詞所有格或every時，不用定冠詞。③在表示分數(shù)的序數(shù)詞前不用定冠詞。④數(shù)詞與名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞時，不用定冠詞。⑤序數(shù)詞用作副詞時，不用定冠詞。⑥在一些由序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成的固定詞組里不用定冠詞?！纠}精講】例1：It’sthe_________(第一)timeforNanjingtoholdtheAsiaBikeShow．Itissuretobeagreatsuccess．解析：根據(jù)第一，可直接翻譯為first/1st。答案：first/1st例2:Ourclassroomisonthe______(第二)flooroftheteachingbuilding.答案：second/2nd。知識點四分數(shù)的表達【知識梳理1】分數(shù)的表達方式是：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子是one時，分母不必加s;分子大于one時，分母要加s.如：a(=one)third

三分之一

onefifth

五分之一twothirds

/

two-thirds

三分之二

threefourths/

three-fourths

四分之三批注：分數(shù)的表達分子與分母之間是否加連字符，后面的s都不能少。這點和ten-year-old這種結(jié)構(gòu)是不一樣的。注意區(qū)分。1/2讀作“a(one)half”(而不是asecond“一秒鐘”)；1/4既可讀作“a(one)quarter”，又可讀作“a(one)fourth”，3/4，也可讀作“threequarters”?！纠}精講】例1：TheEiffelTower,aculturaliconofFrance,wascompletedattheendofthe(nineteen)century.解析：根據(jù)題意是第十九世紀，基數(shù)詞改序數(shù)詞，規(guī)則變化直接在其后加-th或填寫縮寫形式19th。答案：nineteenth/19th例2：Igotanewbicyclefrommyfatheronmy(sixteen)birthday.Ilikeitverymuch.解析：根據(jù)birthday可判斷出前應(yīng)填序數(shù)詞，規(guī)則變化直接加-th或填寫縮寫形式16th。答案：sixteenth/16th【課堂練習(xí)】單選題：1.Insideaboxtherearesixsmallerboxes,andinsideeachsmallboxaresixmuchsmallerboxes.Howmanyboxesaltogether?_________A.Thirty-sixB.Thirty-sevenC.Forty-threeD.Forty-two2.Thedoctorworkedfor____aftertwelveo’clock.A.twomorehoursB.twoanotherhourC.moretwohoursD.anothertwohour3.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethan___peopleworldwide.A.twohundredsB.twohundreds’C.twohundred’sD.twohundred4.____peoplearefightingagainstSARS.A.MillionofB.AmillionofC.MillionsofD.Severalmillions5._____ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof6.Jennywasborn__________.A.onJuly10,1987B.inJuly10,1987C.in1987,July10D.on19877.Thenumberofthebooksinthisbookshopisonlyabout_______ofthatinthelibrary.A.two-fifthsB.second-fifthC.two-fifthD.second-fifthsKeys：CADCDAA填空題：1.Everyyear,_______(百萬)ofpeopledonatemoneytotheHopeProject.2.Itisunbelievablethattheoldladychosetoparachute(跳傘)inher____________(90).3.Inhis____________(forty),themiddle-agedmanfinishedhalfofthebook.4.Whichnumberisbigger,seven_______(12)orahalf?5.Inthesportsmeeting,littleMatthewonlycame______(十二)anddidn’tenterthefinal.6.Mygrandmaseemstobeinherlate________(九十)thisyear.7.Seven____________(twelve)ofthestudentshavetakenpartinthetree-plantingactivitysinceMonday.8.Hehasfailedeighttimesandhasdecidedtotrya_____(nine)time.9.Youweresuchaluckydogthatyougotthechancetotravelaroundtheworldnextweek.Onlyoneoutof________(九)cangetit.10.Williamdidn’tmovetoSwitzerlanduntilinhis__________(四十).11.Hehasdonatedfive____________(十二)ofhismoneytochildreninpoorareas.Keys：1.millions2.nineties3.forties4.twelfths5.twelfthnineties7.twelfths8.ninth9.nine10.forties11.twelfths完形填空訓(xùn)練AHowoftendoYouletotherpeople'srudeactionschangeyourmood?Doyouletabaddriveroranimpolitewaitermakeyourdayinamess?However,themarkofyourwisereplytotheactionsishow___1___youcancomebacktosmilingtothem.Sixteenyearsago,Ilearnedthis____2____atthebackofataxiinNewYork.Weweredrivingfastintherightlane(車道)whensuddenly,ablackcarjumped__3___aparkingspacerighttofrontofus.Mytaxidriversteppedonthebrake(剎車)ashardaspossible,andatthe____4____momentourcarstoppedjustoneinchfromthebackoftheothercar.Icouldn't__5___whathappenednext.Thedriverofthecarturnedhisheadaroundandstarted___6____badwords.Butthenhere'swhatreally___7____me.Mytaxidriverjustsmiledandwaved(揮手致意)attheguy.Isaid,"Whydidyoujustdothat?Thisguynearly___8___us!"HetoldmewhatInowremember"TheLawoftheGarbage(垃圾)Truck."Hesaid,“Likegarbagetrucks,manypeoplerunaroundfullofgarbage,fullofanger,andfullofregret.____9___theirgarbageincreasesmoreandmore,theylookforaplacetopourit.Ifyouletthem,they'llpouritonyou.Sowhensomeonewantstopouritonyou,don'tfeelhurt.Justsmile,wave,andmoveon.Youwillbe___10___.”Istartedthinking:howoftendoIletGarbageTrucksrunrightoverme?AndhowoftendoItaketheirgarbageand___11___ittootherpeople?ThenIknewclearlywhatIshoulddo.IbegantoseeGarbageTrucks.Iseethebad__12___peoplearecarrying.Iseethemcomingtopourit.Andlikemytaxidriver,Idon'tfeelhurt.Ijustsmile,wave,andmoveon。1.A.clearlyB.quicklyC.exactlyD.correctly2.A.exampleB.experienceC.lessonD.case3.A.outofB.acrossC.nexttoD.farfrom4.A.nextB.busyC.rightD.last5.A.doubtB.considerC.acceptD.believe6.A.shoutingB.tellingC.whisperingD.expressing7.A.cheeredB.encouragedC.surprisedD.satisfied8.A.attackedB.killedC.warnedD.beat9.A.SinceB.WhileC.AsD.Before10.A.happierB.busierC.saferD.luckier11.A.donateB.lendC.spreadD.hang12.A.newsB.prizeC.nameD.moodKeys：BCADDACBCACD【課堂檢測】一、考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)的構(gòu)成及用法ThisSaturdayismybirthday.Welcometomyparty!A.fourteenthB.thefourteenthC.fourteenD.thefourteen【解析】答案A。該題句意為“這個星期六是我的第十四個生日。歡迎來參加我的聚會。”基數(shù)詞13~19都是以-teen結(jié)尾，是由個位基數(shù)詞詞干加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。序數(shù)詞“第一(二、三)”為first,second和third，其他序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成是在基數(shù)詞后加-th。一般情況下，序數(shù)詞前面通常要加定冠詞，但有人稱代詞所有格修飾時，定冠詞則要刪去。根據(jù)題意，故選A。注意:容易拼寫錯誤的數(shù)詞有:five-fifth;nine-ninth;twelve-welfth;twenty-wentieth。二、考查分數(shù)的構(gòu)成及用法—Mum,ofmyclassmatesglasses.—Oh,myGod.Youneedtoprotectyoureyeswell.A.three-fourths;wearsB.three-fourth;wearC.three-fourth;wearsD.three-fourths;wear【解析】答案D。該題句意為“媽媽，我們班四分之三的同學(xué)都戴眼鏡?！薄芭叮炷?。你們需要好好保護眼睛?！狈謹?shù)的構(gòu)成原則是:分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)句意，表示“四分之三”應(yīng)該說threefourths;“分數(shù)(百分數(shù))+名詞”作主語時，句子中謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，句中的myclassmates是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動詞則應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選D。三、考查hundred,thousand,million等詞的用法一"FoodSafety"hasbecomeoneofthehottesttopicsrecently.—Yeah,itreceivesInternethitsaday.A.thousandsB.thousandsofC.thousandD.hundreds【解析】答案B。該題句意為“食品安全成了當(dāng)前熱點話題之一。”“是啊，它一天網(wǎng)上點擊量成千上萬?！碑?dāng)hundred,thousand,million前面有具體數(shù)字表示準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)目時，后面不能加-s，且不與of連用;當(dāng)hundred,thousand等前面沒有具體數(shù)詞時，表示不具體、不準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)目時，需要與of連用，詞尾須加-s，本題中表示“成千上萬網(wǎng)上點擊量”，應(yīng)該說thousandsofInternethits。故選B。四、考查含基數(shù)詞的復(fù)合形容詞用法(2017年泰安卷)Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoyaspringholidayeachyear.A.ten-dayB.tendayC.tenday'sD.tendays【解析】答案A。該題句意為“我們開始享受每年十天的春假已經(jīng)有五年了。”“基數(shù)詞+名詞(+形容詞)”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語時，其中的名詞用單數(shù)形式?！笆臁弊髑爸枚ㄕZ的表達為ten-day，注意須用連字符號。故選A。詞匯填空1.Itissaidthatthe_______(第五)bridgewillbebuiltacrosstheriversoon.2.Millieisbusypreparingforapartytocelebratehercousin’s______________(twelve)birthday.3.It’smycousin’s___________(第十)birthdaynextweek.4.Fifty-oneminusthirty-eightis___________.5.Thereare______________daysinaweek.6.Wis_________letterinthealphabet.7.Howmuchisthirtydividedbyfive?____________8.TheOlympicGamesareheldevery_______years.Keys：1.fifth/5th2.twelfth/12th3.tenth/10th4.Thirteen5.seven6.twenty-third7.six8.four單項選擇1.Pleaseturnto________.Let’sreadthetextaloud.A.PageTwoB.thepagetwoC.secondpageD.pagesecond2.Mybrotherisin______.A.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeone3.Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?Sure,I’dlike________forcookingvegetables.A.twocupsoftea B.threepiecesofbread C.fivekilosofoilD.twomeat4.—Whichclasswonthematchintheend?—I’mnotquitesure.Perhaps_________did.A.ClassThird B.ThirdClass C.ClassThree D.ThreeClass5.Thereare________peopleinthesupermarket.It'ssocrowded.A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredof D．hundredsof6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisaboutnine____.____ofthemareboys.A.hundred;TwothirdsB.hundred;TwothirdC.hundreds;TwothirdsD.hundreds;Twothird7.BecauseofProjectHope,_______childrenhavebetterlives.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof8.Doyouknowtheboy________issittingnexttoPeter?Yes.HeisPeter’sfriend.Theyarecelebratinghis________birthday.A.who;ninth B.that;nineth C./;nineth D.which;ninth9..TodayisJack'sbirthday.Heisyearsoldnow.A.fourteenthB.fourteenC.thefourteenthD.thefourteen10.Mygrandparentsliveinanoldapartmentwithfloorsandtheyareonthefloor.A.fifth;threeBfifth;thirdC.five;threeD.five;third11.Myfathergavemeabikeonmybirthday.A.tenB.atenthC.thetenthD.tenth12.—Howoldisyourdaughter?一.Wehadaspecialpartyforherbirthdayyesterday.A.Nine;nineB.Nine;ninthC.Ninth;ninthD.Ninth;nine13.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere?—Wonderful!ofthelandcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;isC.Twofifths;areD.Twofifth;are14.Kobe'sfanswatchedhisfinalmatchandofthemweremen.A.Millionof;threefourthsB.Threemillions;thirdfourC.Millionsof;threefourthsD.Threemillion;thirdfours15.Lastyear,threehundredEnglishteacherstookpartintheEnglishTraining.A.two-monthB.two-monthsC.twomonthsD.twomonthKeys：1-5ABCCD6-10ADABD11-15DBACA【要點回顧】1.中考對數(shù)詞的考察主要主要包括：1.掌握年、月、日的表達方法；2.掌握基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和及其用法；3.分數(shù)的表達和主謂一致；考察hundred、thousand、million和billion等詞的用法2、解題方法1.審題清晰，抓住句中的關(guān)鍵詞，確定用基數(shù)詞還是序數(shù)詞；2.記住一些?？加梅ǎ绶謹?shù)的表達，長寬高的表述；3注意主謂一致，找準(zhǔn)句子的主語，確定謂語動詞。【溫故知新】完型填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）Ihavealwayslikedgoingtoschool.Ie