托福tpo133閱讀答案詳細解析tpo28r

TPOQ1Inparagraph1,whydoestheauthormention“thepressureoftheoverlyingToshowhowwatercanbedunderEarth’sToshowwhygroundwaterismoreplentifulthansurfacefreshwaterTocorrectacommonlymadeerroraboutthelocationofgroundwaterToexinwhymostgroundwaternearEarth’sParagraph1ismarkedwithQ2Accordingtoparagraph1,groundwaterdiffersfromthewaterinriversandlakesintermsofitsParagraph1ismarkedwithanQ3Theword"extracted"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtokeptParagraph2ismarkedwithanQ4Theword"termed"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto

里也是在說thepressureoftheoverlyingrock導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，的地方。因此選量大。這里A是飲用性，原沒有說江水B就更沒提到了以答案為豐富的詞綴ex-本身就有出的意思。那么A是使用，B是潑因此選批注[l4]:正確答案：B。也就是被命名為。那么A是D是由于。所以應(yīng)該選Bdrinking—isaccountedforbygroundwater,whichisstoredintheporesandfracturesinrocks.Thereismorethan50timesasmuchfreshwaterstoredundergroundthaninallthefreshwaterriversandlakesofEarth.AtgreaterdepthswithinEarth,thepressureoftheoverlyingrockcausesporesandcrackstoclose,reducingthespacethatporewatercanoccupy,andalmostcompleteclosureoccursatadepthofabout10kilometers.Thegreatestwaterstorage,therefore,liesnearthesurface.Aquifers,Porosity,and>Groundwaterisstoredinavarietyofrocktypes.Agroundwaterreservoirfromwhichwatercanbeextractediscalledanaquifer.Wecaneffectivelythinkofanaquiferasadepositofwater.Extractionofwaterdependsontwopropertiesoftheaquifer:porosityandlimitedcausedParagraph2ismarkedwithanQ5Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdoesporositydetermine?Therateatwhichtheaquifer’swaterestoflowTheamountofwaterthattheaquifercanThelikelihoodthatfracturesandjointswilloccurintheaquiferThedepthundergroundatwhichtheaquiferliesParagraph2ismarkedwithanQ6Theword"compact"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto?deeplyParagraph3ismarkedwithanQ7Accordingtoparagraph3,whencanigneousrockserveasanaquifer?WhenithasmanyconnectedWhenitliesnexttometamorphicWhenitliesrelativelyneartheWhenitisParagraph3ismarkedwithanQ8Accordingtoparagraph3,whatistherelationshipbetweenpermeabilityand

permeability.Betweensedimentgrainsarespacesthatcanbefilledwithwater.Thisporespaceisknownasporosityandisexpressedasapercentageofthetotalrockvolume.Porosityisimportantforwater‐storagecapacity,butforwatertoflowthroughrocks,theporespacesmustbeconnected.[l5]:正確答案：BA決定于permeabilityofrack，對應(yīng)本段最后[l5]:正確答案：BA決定于permeabilityofrack，對應(yīng)本段最后一句。B正確，對應(yīng)本段第七句（porosityisimportantforwater-storageporosity定位就很好找。C和porosity沒有直接關(guān)系。D原文就沒提到批注[l6]:正確答案：B。通過后面的and的并列內(nèi)容可以推出其詞義，因為and后面說rarelycontainspace，那選擇B壓縮的。A是堅硬，C是重的，D是深埋的[l7]:正確答案：Aigneousrocksmayactasfractures并且要interconnected。所以選[l8]:正確答案sorting和compaction會共同影響permeability，結(jié)合上一 permeability不高；另一種是 porosity高的同時permeabilitytoflow.Theratewhichtheflowing esisrelatedtothepermeabilityofrock.>Sedimentsortingandcompactioninfluencepermeabilityandporosity.Themorepoorlysortedorthemoretightlycompactedasedimentis,theloweritsporosityandpermeabilitySedimentaryrocks—themostcommonrocktypenearthesurface—arealsothemostcommonreservoirsforwaterbecausetheycontainthemostspacethatcanbefilledwithSandstonesgenerallymakegoodaquifers,whilefiner‐grainedmudstonesaretypicallyimpermeable.Impermeablerocksarereferredtoasaquicludes. Themoreporesarockhas,thehigheritsporositybuttheloweritspermeability Rockswithmanyinternalspacesthatarenotconnectedwitheachotherwillhavehighporositybutlowpermeability.Ifwaterflowsthrougharockeasily,ithashighpermeabilitybutlowporosity.Rocksthathavehighpermeabilityhavehighporosityandviceversa.Paragraph3ismarkedwithan

Igneousandmetamorphicrocksaremorecompact,commonlycrystalline,andrarelycontainspacesbetweengrains.However,evenigneousandmetamorphicrocksmayactasgroundwaterreservoirsifextensivefracturingoccursinsuchrocksandifthefracturesystemisinterconnected.TheWaterQ9Theword“coating”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto?Paragraph4ismarkedwithanQ10Q10Paragraph4implieswhichoffollowingabouttheroots Theypreventwaterfromreachingthevadosezone.Theymarktheboundarybetweenthevadosezoneandthewatertable.Theydonottypicallygettheirwaterfromthewatertable.Theyhelpkeepthewatertablefromdropfarther.Paragraph4ismarkedwithanQ11WhichofthesentencesbelowexpressestheessentialinformationinhighlightedsentenceintheIncorrectchoiceschangethemeaning

>Thewatertableistheundergroundboundarybelowwhichallthecracksandporesarefilledwithwater.Insomecases,thewatertablereachesEarth’ssurface,whereitisexpressedasrivers,lakes,andmarshes.■Typically,though,thewatertablemaybetensorhundredsofmetersbelowthesurface.■Thewatertableisnotflatbutusuallyfollowsthecontoursofthetopography.■Abovethewatertableisthevadosezone,throughwhichrainwaterpercolates.Waterinthevadosezonedrainsdowntothewatertable,leavingbehindathincoatingofwateronmineralgrains.Thevadosezonesntrootsnearthesurfacewithwater.>Becausethesurfaceofthewatertableisnotflatbutinsteadrisesandfallswithtopography,groundwaterisaffectedbygravityinthesamefashionassurfacewater.Groundwaterflowsdownhilltotopographiclows.Ifthewatertable

批注[l9]:正確答案：DCoating本來是外衣，和涂層的意思。那么A是溪流，B所以D符合。[l10]:正確答案根據(jù)ntroots定位到本段最后一句。說vadosezone給植D都沒提到。而只有C沒有錯誤，因為ntroots是從vadosezone汲取的水份，而不是watertable。所以選C。importantwaysorleaveoutessentialGroundwateronlyflowsoutofthegroundifthewatertableintersectsthelandsurface.Ifthelandsurfaceandthewatertableintersect,groundwatercanflowGroundwatermaybedrainedifspringsoccurwherethewatertableintersectsthelandsurface.Wherethewatertablemeetsthelandsurface,groundwaterflowsoutthroughsurfacesprings.Paragraph5ismarkedwithanQ12Paragraph5implieswhichofthefollowingaboutthelevelofthewatertable?Itmayriseoffallfromyeartoyear,dependingonannualrainfall.IndoesnotvaryinaridItrarelyintersectsthelandsurfaceofmostregions.Itisunrelatedtotherateatwhichgroundwaterflows.Paragraph5ismarkedwithan

intersectsthelandsurface,groundwaterwillflowoutontothesurfaceatsprings,eithertobecollectedthereortosubsequentlyflowfatheralongadrainage.Groundwatercommonlycollectsinstreamdrainagesbutmayremainentirelybeneaththesurfaceofdrystream‐bedsinaridregions.Inparticularlywetyears,shortstretchesofanotherwisedrystream‐bedmayhaveflowingwaterbecausethewatertablerisestointersectthelandsurface.Sediments:materials(suchassandorsmallrocks)thataredepositedbywater,wind,orglacialiceTopography:theshapeofasurfacesuchasEarth’s,includingtheriseandfallofsuchfeaturesasmountainsandvalleys

批注[l11]:正確答案：D。A選項缺少了spring這個條件；B，C選項不正確。D包[l12]:正確答案根據(jù)這段最后兩句對于wetyear的描寫可以得出根據(jù)降雨量不同水位是有變化原文明顯寫到在aridregions水。C也不對，整段都有大篇幅在寫和landsurface的intersects。D原文沒提到。Q13Q13Lookatthefoursquares■thatwherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.Thisisaconsequenceoftheslowrateofmovementofthegroundwater,whichoftenpreventsthewatertablefromattainingaflat(horizontal)level.Wherewouldthesentencebestfit?Clickonasquaretoaddthesentencetothepassage.

批注[l13]:正確答案：C。要插入的句子說thisisa不是平面有關(guān)。所以C的位Q14Directions:Anintroductorysentenceforabriefsummaryofthepassageisprovidedbelow.CompletethesummarybyselectingtheTHREEanswerchoicesthatexpressthemostimportantideasinthepassage.Somesentencesdonotbelonginthesummarybecausetheyexpressideasthatarenotpresentedinthepassageorareminorideasinthepassage.Thisquestionisworth2Dragyouranswerchoicestothespaceswheretheybelong.Toremoveananswerchoice,clickonit.Toreviewthepassage,clickVIEWNEXT.Mostoftheworld’spotablewaterisstoredasgroundwaterintheporesandfracturesofundergroundrock,muchofitatdepthsoflessthan1,000meters.SedimentarySedimentaryrockmayma