2022屆山西省高考適應(yīng)性練習(xí)（一模）英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

山西省2022年高考考前適應(yīng)性測(cè)試試題（卷）省一模英語(yǔ)第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.B.At18:30.C.At10:30.2.Whatwillthewomanhave?A.Hotmilk.B.Blackcoffee.C.Mineralwater.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Families.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.5.WhatdoesJaneaskthewomantodo?A.Advertisehergym.B.Takeafitnessclass.C.Checkherschedule.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmuchdoesthefirsttourpackagecosteachperson?A.$429.B.$525.C.$1050.7.Whatdoesthesecondtourpackagecover?A.Meals.B.CarhireC.Flighttickets.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablecauseoftheman’sproblems?A.Heoftenovereats.B.Heworkstoohard.C.Hesmokesheavily9.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Stopworkingandgoonavacation.B.Giveupsmokingassoonaspossible.C.Changehisdietandgetsomeexercise.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whenwillthewomanperform?A.Nextweek.B.Nextmonth.C.Nextsemester.11.Whydoesthewomanwanttoleavetheorchestra?A.Shelosesinterestinit.B.Theclassscheduleistight.C.Thesingingcourseistoohard.12.Whatclubdidthemanjoin?A.Theorchestraclub.B.Thedramaclub.C.Thesoccerclub.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydothespeakersdecidetocancelthemeeting?A.Thetrafficisheavy.B.Theweathermaybebad.C.Theyhavegotnewplans.14.Whereisthemeetingscheduledtotakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Attheman’shouse.C.Onthecampus.15.Whatistheman’sattitudetothewoman’ssuggestion?A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Uncaring.16.Howmanymemberswillthespeakerscallintotal?A.10.B.20.C.22.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowdoAmericanfootballplayersplayfootball?A.Theycanonlykicktheball.B.Theycanthrowandrunwiththeball.C.Theyhavefivechancestomovetheballtenyards.18.Whatshouldplayersdoiftheywanttogetpoints?A.Movetheballtotheotherend.B.Stealtheballfromanopponent.C.Carrytheballandthrowittenyards19.HowlongisthefootballseasoninAmerica?A.Onemonth.B.Twomonths.C.Threemonths.20.Whenwillthebestteamshavetheadditionalgame?A.InJanuaryB.InSeptemberC.InNovember第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASaintPaulhasfouricerink(溜冰場(chǎng))locations.Allhockey(冰球)rinkshaveboardsandnets.Seebelowforlocations,hours,andupdates.ColdWeatherPolicy:Rinkswillcloseiftemperaturesreach—25F.WarmWeatherPolicy:Inordertopreventextendedclosuresduetodamagedice,rinkswillcloseifmeltwaterisvisibleonthesurface.RinkHours&Locations:Rinkhoursandconditionsaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.Rinkswillcloseperiodicallyformaintenance.Appointedhockeyrinksmaybeunavailableforopenskatingdoringhockeypracticesorscheduledopenhockeytimes.PleasecallthenumberslistedbelowtoconfirmdetailsRinkNameStatusLightedHoursContactGrovelandClosedLightsturnoffat7pmdaily651-695-3714LangfordParkClosedLightsturnoffat9pmdaily651-298-5765PalaceOpenLightsturnoffat5pmdaily651-298-5677PhalenOpenMon-Fri:Lightsturnoffat9pmSat&Sun:Lightsturnoffat7pm651-793-6600Ourmaintenancecrewanddedicatedvolunteersworkhardtokeeptherinksclean,butSaintPaulsnowpilesupfastandfreezeseasily,whichcanquicklyreducetheskateablesurfaceareaoftherink.Evenifyoufeelyoucan’tcommittovolunteering,youarestilldesiredtohelpbyclearingsnowwhilevisitingtherinks.ThankyoufordoingyourparttomakeSaintPaulrinksgreat.1.Whatsituationcancauserinkstoclose?A.Nowaterisfoundonthesurface. B.Thetemperaturesarebelow25F.C.Rinksundergomaintenancechecks. D.Theboardsandnetsarealmostbroken.2.Whichrinkwillyougotoifyouareavailableat8pmonTuesdays?A.Phalen. B.Palace. C.Groveland. D.LangfordPark.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A.ToadvertiseSaintPaul’sicerinks. B.TopresentSaintPaul’ssnowpiles.C.Tostimulatevisitorstoremovesnow. D.Topraiserinks’crewandvolunteers.【1~3題答案】【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了SaintPaul的四個(gè)溜冰場(chǎng)的位置，開(kāi)放時(shí)間以及注意的細(xì)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RinkHours&Locations:中的“Rinkswillcloseperiodicallyformaintenance.(溜冰場(chǎng)將定期關(guān)閉去維護(hù))”可知在維護(hù)期間，溜冰場(chǎng)將關(guān)閉。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RinkHours&Locations:中的PhalenOpenMon-Fri:Lightsturnoffat9pmSat&Sun:Lightsturnoffat7pm651-793-6600可知在周二下午8點(diǎn)，如果你有時(shí)間，可以去Phalen，因此它周一至周五，燈光在晚上9點(diǎn)關(guān)閉。故選A.【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Evenifyoufeelyoucan’tcommittovolunteering,youarestilldesiredtohelpbyclearingsnowwhilevisitingtherinks.(即使你感覺(jué)你不能投身于志愿者活動(dòng)，你仍舊被期待在參觀溜冰場(chǎng)時(shí)，可以幫助清理雪。因此最后一段鼓勵(lì)參觀者幫助除雪。故選C。BHecametoBritain,16,withahandfulofqualifications.￡5inpocketandaburningambition.Thirty-fiveyearslater,Vijay,51,andhisbrother.Bhikhu.ownadrugcompanywhichdoes$234millionworthofbusinesseachyear.Togethertheyareworth￡280millionandnowtheyhavebeenjointlynamed“EntrepreneuroftheYear”.Itisaninspirationaltale.Yetdespitetheirwealthandthisaward,Vijayremainsmodestabouttheirsuccess.Hepraiseshismother:“Sheisanincrediblelady.Shetaughtushardwork,honestyandwehavebasedourlivesonthosequalities.”In1967,VijaykissedhismothergoodbyetoLondontomakehisfortune.“Ihadlittlemorethanmyqualificationsand$5,”saysVijay.“Buttogowiththose,Ihadahugeambitiontomakesomethingofmyself,”herecalls.Typically,Vijaylooksonthebrightside.“Whenyoustartfromzero,thingscan’tgetanyworse.Youhaveonlyonewaytogo.andthat’sup-ifthereisahungerinyourstomachforsuccess.”Vijnysays.“MybrotherandIweredeterminedtobetterourselvesandBritainwasthelandofopportunity.”By1982,hehadownedsixchemist’sshops,whenBhikhu,athenfinancialanalyst,joinedhim,addingsome“financialdiscipline”tohiscompany.Vijaysays:“Isimplycouldn’thavedoneitwithouthim.”Asheputsit,“Broughtupunderoneroof,weunderstandoneanotherfromAtoZ.”Vijayiskeentocontinuerepayingthecountryhehasmadehisown.“Wehopewearemodecitizensandwouldliketoremainso,”hesays.“Weareluckyenoughtoliveinacountrythatneverstandsinourway.”Hismessageforyoungpeopleistodothesame:“Identifyyouraim,anddonotletanythingdiscourageyoufromachievingthatgoal.”4.WhatdidVijaypossesswhenstartinghisbusiness?A.￡280millionincash. B.Asmalldrugcompany.C.Thetitle“EntrepreneuroftheYear”. D.Nothingbutqualificationsandambition.5.WhatistherecipeforVijay’ssuccess?A.Hisbrother’sfinancialaid. B.Hisidentityofmodelcitizen.C.Theperseveranceinhisgoal. D.Encouragingquotesfrommom.6.Whichcanprobablyreplacetheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4?A.Wesharesomethingincommon. B.Weknoweachotherinsideout.C.Wecountoneachotherincareer. D.Wetwotogethercreatefireandwater.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromPennilesstoMillionaire B.TheSignificanceofEducationC.ThePowerofDeepBrotherhood D.AModestSuccessfulBusinessman【4~7題答案】【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了被評(píng)為“年度企業(yè)家”的Vijay和Bhikhu的成功史，以及成功的秘訣?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一、二句“HecametoBritain,16,withahandfulofqualifications.￡5inpocketandaburningambition.Thirty-fiveyearslater,Vijay,51,andhisbrother,Bhikhu,ownadrugcompanywhichdoes$234millionworthofbusinesseachyear.(16歲時(shí)，他來(lái)到英國(guó)，帶著一些資歷，口袋里的￡5，還有一個(gè)燃燒的雄心。35年后，51歲的維賈伊和他的兄弟，Bhikhu。擁有一家每年價(jià)值2.34億美元的制藥公司)”,以及第三段第二句“‘Ihadlittlemorethanmyqualificationsand$5,’saysVijay.‘Buttogowiththose,Ihadahugeambitiontomakesomethingofmyself’(維賈伊說(shuō):‘除了我的資歷和5美元之外，我一無(wú)所有。但與此同時(shí)，我有一個(gè)巨大的抱負(fù)，那就是要成就一番事業(yè)。')”可知，創(chuàng)業(yè)階段，他除了資格證書(shū)和雄心，什么都沒(méi)有。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第三句開(kāi)始“Whenyoustartfromzero,thingscan’tgetanyworse.Youhaveonlyonewaytogo.andthat’sup—ifthereisahungerinyourstomachforsuccess.”Vijnysays.‘MybrotherandIweredeterminedtobetterourselvesandBritainwasthelandofopportunity.’（‘當(dāng)你從零開(kāi)始，事情不會(huì)變得更糟。你只有一條路可走。如果你的胃里有一股渴望成功的欲望，那就是成功?！疺ijny說(shuō)，‘我弟弟和我決心讓自己變得更好，而英國(guó)是一片充滿機(jī)遇的土地?！?”可知，Vijny對(duì)目標(biāo)的執(zhí)著是他的成功的秘訣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Broughtupunderoneroof,weunderstandoneanotherfromAtoZ.(我們?cè)谕粋€(gè)屋檐下長(zhǎng)大，彼此了解)”，fromAtoZ意為“徹底地；從頭至尾”。A項(xiàng)“Wesharesomethingincommon.(我們有共同之處)”；B項(xiàng)“Weknoweachotherinsideout.(我們互相了解得很透徹)”；C項(xiàng)“Wecountoneachotherincareer.(我們?cè)谑聵I(yè)上互相依靠)”；D項(xiàng)“Wetwotogethercreatefireandwater.(我們簡(jiǎn)直是水火不容)”。B項(xiàng)與該句語(yǔ)意相近，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章介紹了把手起家的Vijay憑借雄心壯志，打拼到擁有一家每年?duì)I業(yè)額過(guò)億美元的制藥公司的經(jīng)歷。故FromPennilesstoMillionaire(從一文不名到百萬(wàn)富翁)，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。CAsetoftusks(象牙)isusuallyanadvantageforelephants,allowingthemtodigforwater,peelbarkforfoodanddefendthemselves.Butduringepisodesofintenseivorypoaching,thosebigtusksmayinvitedanger.NowresearchershavefiguredouthowyearsofcivilwarandpoachinginMozambiquehaveledtoagreaternumberofelephantsthatwillneverdeveloptusks.Duringtheconflictfrom1977to1992,fightersonbothsideskilledelephantsforivorytofinancewarefforts.Intheregion,around90%oftheelephantswerekilled.Thesurvivorswerelikelytoshareakeycharacteristic:halfthefemaleswerenaturallytuskless-theysimplyneverdevelopedtusks-whilebeforethewar,lessthanafifthlackedtusks.Afterthewar,thosetusklesssurvivingfemalespassedontheirgeneswithexpected,aswellassurprising,results.Abouthalftheirdaughtersweretuskless.Moreconfusing,two-thirdsoftheiroffspring(后代)werefemale.“Theyearsofunrestchangedtheevolutioninthatpopulation,”saidevolutionarybiologistShaneStaton.Mostpeoplethinkofevolutionassomethingthatproceedsslowly,buthumanscanhittheaccelerator.“Whenwethinkaboutnaturalselection,wethinkaboutithappeningoverhundreds,orthousandsofyears,”saidSamuelWasser,aconservationbiologistattheUniversityofWashington.“Thefactthatthisdramaticselectionfortusklessnesshappenedover15yearsisoneofthemostastonishingfindings.”Nowthescientistsarestudyingwhatmoretusklesselephantsmeansforthespeciesanditsenvironment.“Ifanelephantdoesn’thavethetooltopeelbarkfromtrees,thenwhatchainreactionwillhappen?”8.Whathaveresearchersfoundoutaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Thefunctionoftusks. B.Theinfluenceofcivilwar.C.Thefightagainstivorypoaching. D.Reasonsfornaturallytusklesselephants.9.Whatdoparagraph2and3tellusabouttheelephants?A.Theirpriceytusks. B.Theirevolutionprocess.C.Theirendangeredconditions. D.Theirsufferingsduringthewar.10.WhatsurprisedSamuelaboutthefindings?A.Therapidspeedofevolution. B.Elephants’genderimbalance.C.Elephants’populationreduction. D.Thediversityofnaturalselection.11.Whichmightbeoneoftheresultsofthechainreaction?A.Elephantswilldieoutsoon. B.Elephantswillshifttheirdiet.C.Elephantswillsufferfromstarvation. D.Elephantswillbereplacedbyotherspecies.【8~11題答案】【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述了莫桑比克大象因?yàn)槎嗄甑膬?nèi)戰(zhàn)和偷獵，在進(jìn)化過(guò)程中導(dǎo)致了無(wú)象牙大象的出現(xiàn)，文章分析了進(jìn)化的原因以及可能導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“NowresearchershavefiguredouthowyearsofcivilwarandpoachinginMozambiquehaveledtoagreaternumberofelephantsthatwillneverdeveloptusks.(現(xiàn)在，研究人員已經(jīng)弄清莫桑比克多年的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)和偷獵是如何導(dǎo)致大量的大象永遠(yuǎn)長(zhǎng)不出象牙的。)”可知，研究人員弄清楚了天生沒(méi)有象牙的大象的原因。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thesurvivorswerelikelytoshareakeycharacteristic:halfthefemaleswerenaturallytuskless-theysimplyneverdevelopedtusks-whilebeforethewar,lessthanafifthlackedtusks.(這些幸存者很可能共享一個(gè)關(guān)鍵特征:一半的雌性天生沒(méi)有象牙——它們從來(lái)沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)出象牙——而在戰(zhàn)前，只有不到五分之一的大象沒(méi)有象牙。)”和第三段內(nèi)容“Afterthewar,thosetusklesssurvivingfemalespassedontheirgeneswithexpected,aswellassurprising,results.Abouthalftheirdaughtersweretuskless.Moreconfusing,two-thirdsoftheiroffspring(后代)werefemale.‘Theyearsofunrestchangedtheevolutioninthatpopulation,’saidevolutionarybiologistShaneStaton.(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，這些沒(méi)有象牙的幸存雌性大象將它們的基因遺傳給了下一代，結(jié)果出乎意料，也令人驚奇。大約一半的女兒沒(méi)有象牙。更令人困惑，三分之二的后代是女性。進(jìn)化生物學(xué)家ShaneStaton說(shuō):“多年的動(dòng)蕩改變了這一種群的進(jìn)化?！?”可推斷，二、三兩段講述了大象的進(jìn)化過(guò)程。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段SamuelWasser說(shuō)的話“Thefactthatthisdramaticselectionfortusklessnesshappenedover15yearsisoneofthemostastonishingfindings.(這種對(duì)無(wú)象牙的戲劇性的選擇發(fā)生在15年期間，是最令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。)”可知，Samuel吃驚進(jìn)化的速度。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ifanelephantdoesn’thavethetooltopeelbarkfromtrees,thenwhatchainreactionwillhappen?(如果大象沒(méi)有剝樹(shù)皮的工具，那么會(huì)發(fā)生什么連鎖反應(yīng)呢?)”可推斷，這種連鎖反應(yīng)可能導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是大象飲食的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選B。DIt’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?Manysmartappliancestoday,particularlysmartphonesandvirtualassistantsareequippedwithvoicecommandcapabilities.Theycan,therefore,listentoandrecordyourcommentsandconversationsevenafterthey’vecarriedoutyouroriginalcommand.Concernsaboutdevicesturningonvoicecommandbythemselvesandlisteningevenwhenyoudonotenablethefeaturehavealsobeenraised.Thequestionthenis:Whatactuallyhappenswhenyoursmartdeviceislistening?Howmuchinformationgetsrecorded,andwheredoesthiseventuallyendupin?Takealisteningappcalled“Alphonso”asanexample.Youcan’tdownloaditdirectlyfromtheAppStore,butitcomeswithsomegamesandappsthatyoucanfix.Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.Now,what’stostopdevicesfromgatheringotherdata?Theycanbemadetolookatchatandtextmessagesoryourcalendar,forexample,everythingaboutyouwouldbefairgame.Somepopularsmarthomeplatformscancontroltheplatformstofallsilentbutstillremainactive,capturingeverywordyouspeakthatcanpotentiallylandyouinsomesortofphishing(網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺詐)trouble.Thisseemstobethepricewehavetopayfortheconveniencethattechnologygivesus.Privacyseemsnon-existent.Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.12.WhatcanweinferaboutIoTmentionedinparagraph1?A.PeoplerelytoomuchonIoT. B.IoTspiesareexactlyamongus.C.IoTcanbeadouble-edgedsword. D.IoTmerelycomeswithadarksecret.13.Whatisthepotentialriskassociatedwithsmartdevices?A.Voicecommandcapabilities B.Personaldataandidentitytheft.C.Originalcommandrecognition. D.Location-basedtrackingfunction.14.Whydoestheauthortake“Alphonso”asanexample?A.Topresenthowsmartdevicessendads. B.Tointroducetheadvantageofvoicecommands.C.Toshowtheusageofdownloadinglisteningapp. D.Toexplainhowhiddenappstealpeople’sprivacy.15.Wheredosethearticlegonext?A.Waystopreventinformationleakage. B.Reasonsforthelossofpersonaldata.C.Tricksofobtainingsensitiveinformation. D.Methodsofinteractionswithtechnologies.【12~15題答案】【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了智能設(shè)備在提供方便的同時(shí)，也會(huì)有一些潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“It’saconnectedworld,andnearlyeverydevice,appliance,andmachinewithsomesortofcomputerrunninginsideitcanbeconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetofThings(IoT).Whatagreatleapforwardinthisjourneywecallhumancivilization!Butdoesthisrecentadvancementcomewithadarksecretthatcansomedayturnonus?Aresmartdevicesspiesaroundus?（這是一個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的世界，幾乎所有的設(shè)備，家用電器，以及運(yùn)行著某種計(jì)算機(jī)的機(jī)器，都可以通過(guò)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與其他設(shè)備相互聯(lián)系。在這個(gè)我們稱之為人類文明的旅程中，這是一個(gè)多么大的大躍進(jìn)??！但是最近的進(jìn)步是否伴隨著某天會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向我們的黑暗秘密呢？智能設(shè)備會(huì)在我們周?chē)O(jiān)視嗎？）”可知，通過(guò)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)與其他設(shè)備相互聯(lián)系，是人類文明的進(jìn)步，但進(jìn)步也伴隨著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，即泄露我們的秘密，所以可推知，IoT是一把雙刃劍。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（當(dāng)你在智能手機(jī)上玩游戲的時(shí)候，Alphonso會(huì)激活，并且聽(tīng)到了你在電視上看到的東西。然后記錄下這些信息，發(fā)送到某個(gè)服務(wù)器上，然后分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，建立你看電視習(xí)慣的檔案。Alphonso證明了設(shè)備可以聽(tīng)到你說(shuō)的和做的。）”可知，智能設(shè)備會(huì)記錄我們的數(shù)據(jù)，并發(fā)送到某個(gè)服務(wù)器上，從而竊取了我們的信息。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whileyouareplayinggamesonyoursmartphone,AlphonsocomestolifeandlistenstowhatyouarewatchingonTV.Itthenrecordsthisinformationandsendsittosomeserversomewhere,andthedataisanalyzedtobuildaprofileaboutyourTV-viewinghabits.Alphonsoprovesthatdevicescanlistentowhatyousayanddo.（當(dāng)你在智能手機(jī)上玩游戲的時(shí)候，Alphonso會(huì)激活，并且聽(tīng)到了你在電視上看到的東西。然后記錄下這些信息，發(fā)送到某個(gè)服務(wù)器上，然后分析這些數(shù)據(jù)，建立你看電視習(xí)慣的檔案。Alphonso證明了設(shè)備可以聽(tīng)到你說(shuō)的和做的。）”推知，通過(guò)實(shí)例解釋了智能設(shè)備竊取我們信息的過(guò)程，選項(xiàng)D符合題意，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Soweshouldthustakestepstoprotectourselvesfromthiseventuality.（因此，我們應(yīng)該采取措施，保護(hù)自己免受這種可能性。）”可知，此處提出了要保護(hù)我們免遭危險(xiǎn)的辦法是采取措施，所以接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容可能描述一些具體的保護(hù)方法。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Procrastination(拖延癥)isacommonproblemweface,whichharmsnotonlyourperformancebutalsoourself-confidence.____16____.So,herewego.●PlaninadvanceIfyoudon’tplanyourday,youwillfinditdifficulttobeproductiveandgetmoredone.Youmaynotrememberwhatyouhavetodo,orevenifyoudoremember,youmayprocrastinate.Therefore,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodothenextday,mostprobablybeforesleepingatnigh.____17____.●StartfromthemostimportantMostofthetime,wecomplainthatwedon’tgetenoughtime.____18____.So,youhavetofocusonlyonthoseimportantandmeaningfulthingsandleteverythinggo.Nowsincetheworkisimportantandmeaningful,mostprobably,itwouldbedifficult.Andyouknowmorningisthebesttimefordoingdifficultjobs.It’sapowerfulstrategyforyoutotakeactioninthemorning●____19____Thenextthingisyouneedtofocusyourattentiononwhatyoudo.Andit’sonlypossibleifyouworkinadistraction-freeenvironment.Themostcommondistractionisthephone.____20____.Youmightthinkthatcheckingyourmessagesonlytakesafewseconds,sowhatistheharminthat.Buttheproblemisnotthetime;therealproblemistheattention.So,prepareyourselffordeepworkbyeliminatingallthedistractions.A.RemovethedistractionsB.FocusyourattentiononphonesC.ItcanhelpyoustopprocrastinatingD.HenceitisnecessarytoovercomethisproblemE.SoitwouldbebetterifyoukeepitsilentorinflightmodeF.ThissimplestepwouldmakeyourdayorganizedandproductiveG.Butthethingisthatyouwillneverhaveenoughtimetodoeverything【16~20題答案】【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是怎么克服拖延癥?！?6題詳解】空格前說(shuō)“Procrastination(拖延癥)isacommonproblemweface,whichharmsnotonlyourperformancebutalsoourself-confidence.(拖延癥是我們面臨的一個(gè)普遍問(wèn)題，它不僅損害了我們的表現(xiàn)，也損害了我們的自信)”，因此空格處會(huì)接著說(shuō)到應(yīng)該解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，然后后文講如何解決，D選項(xiàng)“Henceitisnecessarytoovercomethisproblem(因此，有必要克服這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”說(shuō)明了要解決拖延癥這個(gè)問(wèn)題，因此D選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】空格前說(shuō)“Therefore,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodothenextday,mostprobablybeforesleepingatnigh.(因此，列出你第二天要做的所有事情的清單，很可能是在晚上睡覺(jué)前)”由此推知，空格處承接這上文，應(yīng)該說(shuō)這樣做的好處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Thissimplestepwouldmakeyourdayorganizedandproductive(這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的步驟會(huì)讓你的一天變得有條理和富有成效)”說(shuō)明了列出第二天要做的所有事情的清單會(huì)讓你的一天變得有條理和富有成效，因此F選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳解】空格前說(shuō)“Mostofthetime,wecomplainthatwedon’tgetenoughtime.(很多時(shí)候，我們抱怨我們沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間)”，空格后說(shuō)“So,youhavetofocusonlyonthoseimportantandmeaningfulthingsandleteverythinggo.(所以，你必須只關(guān)注那些重要和有意義的事情，而不是一切事情)”由此推知，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)到為什么只關(guān)注重要和有意義的事情，G選項(xiàng)“Butthethingisthatyouwillneverhaveenoughtimetodoeverything(但問(wèn)題是你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有足夠的時(shí)間去做所有的事情)”說(shuō)明了不能做所有事情的原因是沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間，因此G選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】空格處是本段的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)空格下方的“Thenextthingis,youneedtofocusyourattentiononwhatyoudo.Andit’sonlypossibleifyouworkinadistraction-freeenvironment.(接下來(lái)，你需要把注意力集中在你所做的事情上。只有在一個(gè)沒(méi)有干擾的環(huán)境中工作才有可能)”可知，本段主要講的是要去除干擾，A選項(xiàng)“Removethedistractions(消除干擾)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為小標(biāo)題，故選A?！?0題詳解】空格前說(shuō)“Themostcommondistractionisthephone.(最常見(jiàn)的干擾是電話)”由此推知，空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)“怎么消除電話的干擾”，E選項(xiàng)“Soitwouldbebetterifyoukeepitsilentorinflightmode(所以最好保持靜音或飛行模式)”說(shuō)明了保持靜音或飛行模式就可以消除電話的干擾，因此E選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThereisanarttobeingagoodtourguideandMartinknowswhatitis.Lastspring,ItookatriparoundLondonwithMartin,atourguide.Accustomedtoguideswhoare____21____excellentbutwhooftenturnouttobe____22____,IwassostruckbyMartin’sperformancethatI____23____himoutagaintosee,ifcould,justhowthe____24____wasdone.ThistimethetourwasforapartyofforeignEnglishlearners,agedanythingbetween20and60.Asthe“____25____”gathered,Martinwelcomedthemwithakindofhuge____26____,asifhehadbeenwaitingforthemwithexcitementandatouchofanxiety,nowthankfully____27____.Ihavetosay,allthisseemedabsolutely____28____.Soonafter,we____29____theBritishMuseum,“agreatarchitecturalshowpiece”,advisedMartin.Hecontinued____30____questionswhichledtoa____31____aboutbuilding,fishandchips,Londoners,and____32____Shakespeare.Thiswashowhelikedtowork:themes,introducedasifnaturally,were____33____forlaterdiscussion.Itwasovertwohoursofnon-stop____34____,withinformation,observationandhumour.Attheendofourtour,Martinsaysencouraginglyto____35____hisguide:“IdohopeyouenjoyLondon.”Thereareseveralhundredother____36____outthere,alllookingfora(n)____37____ofthework.Ithinkaswetalk,thatIamstartingtounderstandwhygoodguidesareso____38____.It’smuchmore____39____thanitlooks,anditdemands,foreverystretchofroad,anevenlonger____40____ofstudyandforethought.21.A.constantly B.never C.occasionally D.always22.A.bossy B.considerate C.sensitive D.suspicious23.A.sent B.sought C.asked D.helped24.A.experiment B.trip C.trial D.trick25.A.tourists B.foreigners C.fans D.performers26.A.pleasure B.admiration C.complaint D.appreciation27.A.satisfied B.relieved C.amazed D.inspired28.A.demanding B.funny C.genuine D.accidental29.A.passed B.ignored C.inspected D.sponsored30.A.explaining B.boosting C.accepting D.answering31.A.negotiation B.quarrel C.disagreement D.conversation32.A.only B.still C.even D.just33.A.laiddown B.turneddown C.rolledover D.setout34.A.argument B.persuasion C.promotion D.performance35.A.start B.end C.test D.reform36.A.learners B.specialists C.guides D.Londoners37.A.mass B.amount C.variety D.share38.A.frank B.rare C.outgoing D.honest39.A.rewarding B.amusing C.challenging D.frightening40.A.patience B.strength C.determination D.stretch【21~40題答案】【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.A27.B28.C29.A30.B31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B36.C37.D38.B39.C40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。作者通過(guò)參加導(dǎo)游馬丁的導(dǎo)游活動(dòng)，明白了做一個(gè)好的導(dǎo)游是一門(mén)藝術(shù)?！驹斀狻?.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我習(xí)慣了那些偶爾很優(yōu)秀，但是經(jīng)常很專橫的導(dǎo)游，我被馬丁的表現(xiàn)深深打動(dòng)了，所以我再次找到他，如果可以的話，看看這個(gè)把戲是怎么玩的。A.constantly持續(xù)不斷地；B.never從不；C.occasionally偶爾地；D.always總是。根據(jù)下文“excellentbutwhooftenturnouttobe___2__”，可知此處指經(jīng)常情況都是專橫，偶爾時(shí)候是優(yōu)秀的。故選C。2.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.bossy專橫的；B.considerate體貼的；C.sensitive善解人意的；D.suspicious懷疑的。結(jié)合前文“excellentbutwhooftenturnouttobe”可知，此處應(yīng)用一個(gè)和excellent相反的意思，故選A。3.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.sent發(fā)送；B.sought尋找；C.asked問(wèn)；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)下文“himoutagaintosee”，可知，此處指我再一次找到馬丁，故選B。4.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.trip旅程；C.trial試驗(yàn)；D.trick手段，花樣，訣竅，竅門(mén)。根據(jù)上文描述可知，此處是指作者想知道馬丁是怎么做到一直那么“優(yōu)秀”的，即他的竅門(mén)是什么。故選D。5.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)“游客”聚集起來(lái)的時(shí)候，馬丁帶著一種巨大的愉悅歡迎他們，就好像他一直帶著興奮和焦慮等待著他們，謝天謝地，現(xiàn)在終于解脫了。A.tourists游客；B.foreigners外國(guó)人；C.fans粉絲；D.performers表演者。根據(jù)前文“ThistimethetourwasforapartyofforeignEnglishlearners,agedanythingbetween20and60.”可知，參加這次旅程的是為一群外國(guó)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者準(zhǔn)備的，年齡在20到60歲之間。所以此處指游客們。故選A。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.pleasure愉悅；B.admiration欽佩；C.complaint抱怨；D.appreciation感激。根據(jù)前文“Martinwelcomedthemwithakindofhuge”可知，用擁抱歡迎游客，所以應(yīng)該是高興的。故選A。7.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.satisfied滿意；B.relieved解脫；C.amazed驚訝；D.inspired啟發(fā)。根據(jù)前文“hehadbeenwaitingforthemwithexcitementandatouchofanxiety,nowthankfully”可知，一直在等待，此刻游客們?nèi)康絹?lái)，所以對(duì)馬丁而言，就是等待的結(jié)束，即有種解脫感。故選B。8.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我不得不說(shuō)，這一切看起來(lái)都是真的。A.demanding要求高的；B.funny可笑的；C.genuine真的；D.accidental意外的。根據(jù)前文“Martinwelcomedthemwithakindofhuge_6___,asifhehadbeenwaitingforthemwithexcitement”可知，馬丁的動(dòng)作及他表達(dá)的內(nèi)容并非事實(shí)所表述的，但這就的確發(fā)生了。所以看起來(lái)就如同真的一樣。故選C。9.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久之后，我們經(jīng)過(guò)了大英博物館，馬丁建告知我們，這是一座偉大的建筑展品。A.passed經(jīng)過(guò)；B.ignored忽視；C.inspected調(diào)查；D.sponsored贊助。根據(jù)下文“Hecontinued__10__questionswhichledtoa__11_____aboutbuilding,”，可知，馬丁帶著這些游客游覽，所以此處指我們經(jīng)過(guò)大英博物館。故選A。10.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他繼續(xù)提問(wèn)，引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于建筑，炸魚(yú)和薯?xiàng)l、倫敦人甚至莎士比亞的討論。A.explaining解釋；B.boosting增加；激勵(lì)；C.accepting接受；D.answering回答。根據(jù)下文“whichledtoa__11__aboutbuilding,fishandchips.”可知，此處指馬丁繼續(xù)提出問(wèn)題，讓游客們回答。故選B。11.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.negotiation談判；B.quarrel爭(zhēng)吵；C.disagreement分歧；D.conversation交談；談話。根據(jù)下文“aboutbuilding,fishandchips,Londoners”可知此處指馬丁的問(wèn)題引起了游客們的討論。故選D。12.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.only只，僅僅；B.still仍舊；C.even甚至；D.just恰好。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處指馬丁的提問(wèn)甚至提到了關(guān)于莎士比亞的問(wèn)題。故選C。13.考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：這就是他喜歡的工作方式:主題，被自然地介紹出來(lái)，為以后的討論奠定基礎(chǔ)。A.laiddown制定；B.turneddown拒絕；C.rolledover翻滾；D.setout出發(fā)。根據(jù)空處前后文可知，此處指前面的問(wèn)題為后面的討論打好了基礎(chǔ)，故選A。14.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)多小時(shí)的連續(xù)表演，充滿了信息，觀察和幽默。A.argument爭(zhēng)論；B.persuasion說(shuō)服；C.promotion促銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)；D.performance表演。此處指馬丁在這兩個(gè)小時(shí)的導(dǎo)游過(guò)程中的表現(xiàn)。故選D。15.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的旅行結(jié)束時(shí)，馬丁用鼓勵(lì)性的話結(jié)束他的導(dǎo)游:“我希望你們喜歡倫敦?！盇.start開(kāi)始；B.end結(jié)束；C.test測(cè)試；D.reform改革。根據(jù)前文“Attheendofourtour”可知，此處指馬丁結(jié)束他的這次導(dǎo)游活動(dòng)。故選B。16.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：外面還有好幾百個(gè)導(dǎo)游，都想分一杯羹。A.learners學(xué)習(xí)者；B.specialists專家；C.guides導(dǎo)游；D.Londoners倫敦人。結(jié)合上文中作者提到自己參加導(dǎo)游馬丁的事例和下文“alllookingfora(n)17ofthework.”可知，此處指還有很多其他導(dǎo)游。故選C。17.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.mass大量；B.amount許多；C.variety多種多樣；D.share正常的一份。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，此處指其它那些從事導(dǎo)游的人，都渴望從這份工作中分得利益。故選D。18.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想在我們談話的時(shí)候，我開(kāi)始明白為什么好的導(dǎo)游這么少了。A.frank坦白的；B.rare罕見(jiàn)的；稀有的；C.outgoing外向的；D.honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的。結(jié)合前文作者參加馬丁導(dǎo)游的這次活動(dòng)，作者看到了導(dǎo)游為完成工作的表現(xiàn)，作者明白了為什么好的