湖北省黃岡市橫車(chē)中學(xué)2021年高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

湖北省黃岡市橫車(chē)中學(xué)2021年高一英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtogettotheairport?—__________.A.Certainly,youcantakeaNo.3bus.

B.No,Idon’tknowhow.C.Yes,youcouldgobybus.

D.Alongthisroad.參考答案：A2.____,thestudentinsiststhathebeseparatedfromhisdesk-mate,whoisnaughty.A.Toavoidbeingaffected B.ToavoidtobeaffectedC.Avoidingbeingaffected D.Avoidingtobeaffected參考答案：A【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了避免受到影響，這些學(xué)生堅(jiān)持要求他應(yīng)該和他同桌分開(kāi)，（因?yàn)椋┧婪浅５奶詺?。固定短語(yǔ)avoiddoingsth“避免做某事”，如果為被動(dòng)，則為avoidbeingdone，由此排除B、D；從句意來(lái)看，逗號(hào)前面部分應(yīng)該是目的狀語(yǔ)。而放句首的目的狀語(yǔ)一般就是不定式，而不是現(xiàn)在分詞。由此排除C，故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】avoid是高中要求四會(huì)的詞，考生必須記牢它的用法，此題是綜合考查題，既考查了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法同時(shí)又考了avoid的用法，這是高考命題的趨勢(shì)。insist的賓語(yǔ)從句的用法一般分為兩種情況：1）如果insist翻譯為“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)/堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”，且賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況，此時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句采用正常的陳述語(yǔ)氣。如：Heinsistedthathewasright.他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)/認(rèn)為他是對(duì)的。2）如果insist翻譯為“堅(jiān)決主張/要求”，即賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生，此時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句必須采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，構(gòu)成為從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略。如：Heinsistedthathe(should)bepraisedforwhathehaddone.3）此題中的insist所引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句采用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即hebeseparated...=heshouldbeseparated...3.Gonearethedays____theworkingpeoplesufferedfromcoldandhunger.

A.onthat

B.atwhich

C.when

D.withwhich參考答案：C4.Therescueteamwas

thevillageinordertosavethepeopletrappedinthecoalmine.

A.heading B.headingfor C.headingon D.heading參考答案：B5.AplanecrashedonOct.17,inLaos.Unfortunately,noneofthe44passengersonboard_______theaccident.A.remained B.stayed C.lived D.survived參考答案：D6.

rolesheplayedinthefilm!NowondershehaswonanOscar．

A．Howinteresting

B．Howaninteresting

C．Whatinteresting

D．Whataninteresting參考答案：D略7.Wehad______funatMary’spartylastSunday.A.alotof

B.agreatmany

C.alargenumberof

D.manya

參考答案：A8.Youknow,______knowledgeof_____computerisnecessarytoasecretary(秘書(shū)).

A.a;/

B.the；the

C.the;/

D.a;a參考答案：A9.--I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.

--you_______herlastweek.A.oughttotell

B.wouldhavetold

C.musttell

D.shouldhavetold

參考答案：D10.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole____inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.

A.tohaveplayed

B.toplay

C.tobeplayed

D.tobeplaying參考答案：B11.Thiscoastalarea________anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A．wasnamed

B．namedC．isnamed

D．names參考答案：A[此處表示該地區(qū)是被命名，且時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為lastyear，故A項(xiàng)正確。]12.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen________hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.

A.which

B.when

C.sothat

D.asif參考答案：C考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：約翰把每個(gè)人都關(guān)在廚房外面，以便他為聚會(huì)準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)大的驚喜。which不能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，when不合句意，asif仿佛，好像，不合句意，故選C。13.If_____tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatonce.A.asked B.toask C.asking D.havingasked參考答案：A14.―Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?―Yes,thereisonepoint________wemustinsiston.A.why B.where C.how D./參考答案：D句意:——你們還有什么要為自己說(shuō)的嗎？——是的，有一點(diǎn)我們必須堅(jiān)持。此題將定語(yǔ)從句置于情景交際中進(jìn)行考查。先行詞onepoint在從句中作insiston的賓語(yǔ)。這里的關(guān)系詞只能是關(guān)系代詞，因此可排除A、B兩項(xiàng);C不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。另外關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略，故選D。

15.Moreandmorepeoplewouldliketoliveinthecountryside

thereisfresherairandlowerpriceofhousing.A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when參考答案：B二、短文改錯(cuò)16.短文改錯(cuò)(滿(mǎn)分10分)假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下面劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。DearBob,

Hello.IlearnaboutyoufrommyEnglishteacher,MissFang.I’dliketoyourpenfriend,andgettoknowmoreaboutyourcountry.First,letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.MynameisLiHua.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.IgotoHongqiMiddleSchool.Istudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,Chinese,Englishorphysics.Iusetoplayping-pongalotinmysparetime,butnowIaminterestinginfootball.Doyouplayanyballgames?Whatyourfavoritesport?Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.Yours,LiHua參考答案：1.

learn

改為

learnt或learned。

2.

to

后加

be

或

become。

3.

刪去more。4.

where

改為

which。5.

subject

改為

subjects。6.or改為and

7.

use

改為

used。

8.

interesting

改為

interested。

9.

What

后加

is或What’s。

10.

hear

改為

hearing。17.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Lastsummer,Igotapart-timejoblikeawaiter.Iworkedhardlyandwasveryhelpful.Everyoneintherestaurantincludingsomeregularcustomerlikedme.Oneday,aforeigncouple,whichwereintheirfifties,enteredtherestaurant.IwashappytohaveachancetopracticemyspokenEnglish.Iwentuptogreetthemwarmly.AfterItooktheirorder,ItoldthemtheirfoodwillbeservedquicklybecauseusChineserespecttheelderly.Hearingmywords,alookofdispleasurewasappearedonthewife'sface.Seenmyconfusedlook,herhusbandexplainedtomethewesternersdislikedthedescription"old".Imadeaapologytothem,keepinginmindthelessonculturaldifferencesshouldneverbeignored.參考答案：Lastsummer,Igotapart-timejoblikeawaiter.Iworkedhardlyandwasveryhelpful.

as

hard

Everyoneintherestaurantincludingsomeregularcustomerlikedme.Oneday,aforeign

customers

couple,whichwereintheirfifties,enteredtherestaurant.Iwashappytohaveachanceto

who

practicemyspokenEnglish.Iwentuptogreetthemwarmly.AfterItooktheirorder,Itold

themtheirfoodwillbeservedquicklybecauseusChineserespecttheelderly.Hearingmy

would

wewords,alookofdispleasurewasappearedonthewife'sface.Seenmyconfusedlook,her

was

Seeinghusbandexplainedtomethewesternersdislikedthedescription"old".Imadeaapologyto

anthem,keepinginmindthelesson∧culturaldifferencesshouldneverbeignored.

that

三、閱讀理解18.Morethan100genesarerelatedwithincreasedriskofdevelopingschizophrenia(精神分裂癥),bipolardisorder(躁郁癥)andalcoholism(酗酒),confirmsalargestudypublishedintherecentissueoftheBritishscientificjournalNature.Theworld’slargeststudyintothegeneticbasisofmentalillnesseswasledbyresearchersfromBritishuniversities,includingUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL),CardiffUniversityandKing’sCollegeLondon(KCL).Researchersbelievethattheyarenowmuchcloserthanbeforetounderstandingthecomplexbiologicalcauses,whichmakesomepeoplebeingathighriskofdevelopingmentalillnesses.Theyalsobelievethatthesefindingscouldleadtonewtreatments.TheresearchersanalyzedtheDNAofabout37,000patientswithschizophrenia,bipolardisorderoralcoholism,andcomparedthesmallestgeneticchangestothosefoundinabout113,000healthypeople.Theythenidentifiedabout128independentgeneticvariants(變體)at108locationsonthehumanchromosomes(染色體)thatcontributesignificantlytodevelopingschizophrenia---83ofthesesiteshaveneverbeforebeenlinkedtotheillness,accordingtoscientists.Forexample,peoplewiththevariantoftheGRM3gene,thoughttobeimportantinbrainsignaling,arearound2to3timesmorelikelytodevelopschizophreniaoralcoholdependence.Thevariant,whichisfoundinapproximatelyoneinevery200people,isalsoassociatedwithathreetimesriskofdevelopingbipolardisorder.“Wecouldbelookingatthenextbigdrugtargetfortreatingmentalillness,”P(pán)rofessorDavidCurtisfromUCL,co-authorofthepaper,said.“Theworkopensupnewwaystopreventandtreatmentalillnessesbyrevealingthemechanismsinvolvedintheirdevelopment.”24.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?

A.Researchersaredisappointedatcuringbiologicalcauses.

B.Researchersareworriedaboutthecomplexbiologicalcauses

C.Researchershavefoundthemethodofcuringbiologicalcauses

D.Researchersareconfidentfo