2020版高考英語新設(shè)計一輪復(fù)習(xí)外研全國版講義必修2Module2NoDrugs

(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意1．drugn． 毒品；藥品2．bronchitisn. 支氣管炎3．cancern. 癌癥4．cigaretten. 香煙5．tobaccon. 煙草；煙絲6．cannabisn. 大麻7．cocainen. 可卡因8．needlen. (注射用的)針；針管9．burglaryn. 盜竊；竊案；盜竊罪10．shopliftingn. 逛商店時偷竊商品的行為11．cafén. 咖啡館；餐館12．leafletn. 傳單；印刷品13．joggingn. 慢跑14．gymnasticadj. 體操的15．ration. 比；比率16．distractionn. 分心；分散注意力17．horribleadj.[縱聯(lián)1] 令人不快的；極討厭的Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形1．a(chǎn)ffectvt. 影響；對……有壞影響2．a(chǎn)dultn. 成人3．likelyadj.[縱聯(lián)2] 可能的4．reducevt. 減少5．nearbyadj. 附近的6．banvt. 禁止Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變1．a(chǎn)ddictiveadj.(藥物等)上癮的→addictn．對(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子vt.使入迷；使上癮→addictedadj.入了迷的；上了癮的；有癮的→addictionn．癮；入迷；嗜好2．dangern．危險→dangerousadj.危險的→endangervt.危及；危害；使遭受危險[縱聯(lián)3]3．injectvt.注射→injectionn．注射4．powerfuladj.有力的；(藥等)有功效的；強大的→powern．能力；力量；權(quán)力→powerlessadj.無權(quán)力的；沒有能力的[縱聯(lián)4]5．connectionn．聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)→connectv．聯(lián)系；連接→connectedadj.連接的；相連的6．illegaladj.違法的；不合法的→(反義詞)legaladj.合法的7．treatmentn．治療；處理；對待→treatvt.治療；對待；款待8．disagreevi.不同意；意見不合→disagreementn．不同意9．participantn．參與者；參加者→participatev．參加；參與→participationn．參與[縱聯(lián)5]10．crimen．罪行；犯罪行為→criminaln．罪犯11．recognisevt.認(rèn)識；認(rèn)知；認(rèn)出→recognitionn．認(rèn)出；識別縱聯(lián)1.-ible結(jié)尾形容詞一覽①horrible令人不快的 ②terrible可怕的③accessible易接近的 ④sensible明智的⑤flexible可彎曲的 ⑥digestible容易消化的縱聯(lián)2.一切皆有“可能”①likelyadj.可能的 ②possibleadj.可能的③probableadj.很可能的 ④perhapsadv.可能，大概⑤maybeadv.也許，大概 ⑥possibilityn．可能；可能性縱聯(lián)3.“前綴en-＋adj./n.”構(gòu)成的動詞全掃描①danger→endanger 使遭遇危險②able→enable 使能夠③large→enlarge 使擴大④sure→ensure 確保；擔(dān)保⑤rich→enrich 使充實⑥title→entitle 給……命名(或題名)縱聯(lián)4.“n.＋-ful→adj.”薈萃①power→powerful有力的 ②pain→painful疼痛的③peace→peaceful和平的 ④harm→harmful有害的⑤use→useful有用的 ⑥cheer→cheerful愉快的⑦doubt→doubtful懷疑的 ⑧faith→faithful忠實的縱聯(lián)5.“v.＋-ant”名詞全接觸①participate→participant 參與者②serve→servant 仆人③assist→assistant 助手④account→accountant 會計⑤inhabit→inhabitant 居民單元話題——拒絕毒品子話題1吸煙與吸毒①cigarn．雪茄煙 ②abusev．濫用③poisonn．毒藥 ④dizzyadj.頭暈?zāi)垦５蘑載eadlyadj.致命的 ⑥harmn．&v．傷害；損害⑦threatn．威脅 ⑧choken．窒息⑨swellv．腫脹 ⑩stroken．中風(fēng)?acuteadj.急性的 ?depressionn．抑郁?allergicadj.過敏的 ?nicotinen．尼古丁?unconsciousadj.昏迷的；不省人事的子話題2醫(yī)療保?、賞illn．藥丸；藥片 ②rescuevt.營救；援救③bacteriumn．細(xì)菌 ④virusn．病毒⑤bitteradj.苦的；有苦味的 ⑥ambulancen．救護車⑦wardn．病房 ⑧reliefn．減輕；寬慰⑨infectiveadj.會傳染的；有傳染性的⑩refreshv．(使)精神振作；(使)精力恢復(fù)?withdrawaln．戒毒(或脫癮)過程[學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1．(2015·江蘇高考閱讀C)Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikely?tocontinuevolunteerwork.?(participate)indicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”①寫出likely在句中的含義：可能的，其同義詞有possible和probable等②用participate的正確形式填空：Participants2．(2009·重慶高考閱讀B)“Whenthingsaregettinghard,avoiceinsidemyheadtellsmethatIcan'tachievesomething.Then,thereareotherdistractions?keyistoconcentrate.WhenIfeeltense,ithelpsalottorepeatwordssuchas‘calm’，‘peace’or‘focus’，eitheroutloudorsilentlyinmymind.Itmakesmefeelmoreincontrolandincreases?myconfidence.Thisisahabitthatcanbecomesecondnaturequiteeasilyandisa?(power)psychological(心理的)tool.”①選擇distractions在句中的含義：__C__A．Waysthathelponetofocus.B．Wordsthathelponetofeellesstense.C．Activitiesthatturnone'sattentionaway.D．Habitsthatmakeithardforonetorelax.②寫出increases在本單元的反義詞：reduce③用power的正確形式填空：powerful高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1．(2018·江蘇高考書面表達)顯然，盲目聽從別人的建議會影響我們自己的判斷。(affect)Apparently,_blindly_following_others'_advice_will_affect_our_own_judgment.2．(2013·重慶高考寫作)受人類活動的嚴(yán)重影響，中國長江江豚(finlessporpoise)有滅絕的危險。(danger)Seriously_affected_by_human_activities,_the_finless_porpoises_in_the_Yangtze_River_are_in_danger_of_becoming_extinct.(二)課堂重點釋疑1．a(chǎn)ddictn．對(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子vt.使入迷；使上癮[記牢](1)addictoneselfto... 沉溺于……；醉心于……(2)addictedadj. 入了迷的；上了癮的；成癮的be/become/getaddictedto(doing)sth. 沉迷于……；熱愛……；迷上……addictiveadj. (藥物等)使人上癮的(3)addictionn. 上癮；入迷；嗜好haveaddictionto... 對……上癮[練通]單句語法填空①Addictingthemselvestosurfing(surf)theInternet,manykidshavelostinterestinstudy.②Idiscoveredanaddiction(addict)tohouseworkwhichIhadneverfeltbefore.單句改錯③Addictingtoplayingtheviolin,hedidn'tnoticeathiefwalkintohishouse.Addicting→Addicted[用準(zhǔn)](1)addicted,addiction常與介詞to連用，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。(2)addicted常修飾人；addictive“使人上癮的”，常修飾物。[寫美]補全句子④(2018·北京高考書面表達)得知你迷上了中國文化，我建議你申請北京大學(xué)，中國最好的大學(xué)之一。Learning_you_are_addicted_to_Chinese_culture,_IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．reducevt.減少；降低；使處于[記牢](1)reduce...to... 把……減少到……reduce...by... 把……減少了……bereducedto(doing) 淪落為……；陷入某種境地(2)reductionn. 減少；削減；降低[練通]單句語法填空①ManycountriesinLatinAmericahavebeentryingto_reduce(reduce)gapsinincome,sothatpeoplecanliveinharmony.②Withgreateffort,shehasreducedherweightbyfivekilogramsinthepastsevendays.③Itwasfoggysothedriverhadtoreducespeedtofortykilometresanhour.[用準(zhǔn)]reduce“減少”的同義詞是decrease，反義詞是increase,rise(增加)。這三個詞與reduce用法一樣，后可接to...表示增減的結(jié)果，接by...表示增減的幅度。[寫美]補全句子④由于迷戀于電腦游戲，這個學(xué)生淪落至輟學(xué)的境地。Addictedtoplayingcomputergames,thestudentwas_reduced_to_droppingoutofschool.3．likelyadj.可能的adv.很可能[記牢](1)belikely/unlikelytodosth. 很可能/不可能做某事Itislikelythat...＝Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth. 很可能……notlikely (表示堅決不同意)決不可能；絕對不會(2)unlikelyadj. 不太可能發(fā)生的[練通]單句語法填空①(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.②Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelyto_be_improved(improve)．[辨清]likely,possible,probablelikelypossibleprobable表示的可能性比likely略大；常用于Itisprobable(forsb.)todosth.或Itisprobablethat...句型中選用以上單詞填空③Itispossiblethatitwillrain,butwithsuchablueskyitdoesn'tseemprobable.Inthatcase,wearelikelytogoclimbingthisafternoon.[寫美]句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Theexamsarelikelytoworkoutasexpectedandmydreamtobeadmittedintomyfavoriteuniversitywillcometrue.→It_is_likely_thattheexamswillworkoutasexpectedandmydreamtobeadmittedintomyfavoriteuniversitywillcometrue.4．recognisevt.認(rèn)識；認(rèn)知；認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)[記牢](1)recognisesb./one'svoice 認(rèn)出某人/聽出某人的聲音recognise...as/tobe... 承認(rèn)/認(rèn)為……是……berecognisedas/tobe... 被認(rèn)作……；被認(rèn)為是……Itisrecognisedthat... 人們公認(rèn)……(2)recognitionn. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識beyondrecognition 認(rèn)不出來[練通]單句語法填空①Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithoutbeing_recognized(recognize)．②Iwentbacktomyhometownafter20yearsandthecityhadchangedbeyondallrecognition(recognize)．[寫美]句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Environmentalpollutionisrecognisedtohavebecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.→It_is_recognised_thatenvironmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.[聯(lián)想]除了recognized...as/tobe...，表示“認(rèn)為……是……”的短語還有：①regard...as... ②consider...as...③see...as... ④view...as...⑤thinkof...as... ⑥lookon...as...⑦treat...as... ⑧thinkof...tobe...[詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Asthecompanywasdeclining,thenumberofemployeesinthecompanyreduced(減少)from120to80.2．IhaveknownhimfortenyearsbutIcouldhardlyrecognise(認(rèn)出)himwhenIsawhiminthedistancethismorning.3．IwasterrifiedwhenIwasinjected(注射)withthedrugintomyarm.4．Intermsofstudying,Iprefertostudyinthelibrarybecausetherearemanydistractions(使人分心的事)athome.5．Westoppedatthenearby(附近的)shoptobuysomedrinksbeforeclimbingthemountain.6．Asthemedicalscienceisdevelopingsofast,cancer(癌癥)willnotbeadeadlydiseaseinthefuture.7．Inthelargestroomaboutadozenchildrenandsevenadults(成人)aresittingonthecarpet.8．Heisnotlikely(可能的)tocomeatthistimeoftheday.9．Doyouadvocatebanning(禁止)carsinthecitycentre?10．Unlessyourespectotherpeople'sreligions,horrible(極討厭的)mistakesandconflictwilloccur.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Canyoutellmetheconnection(connect)betweendrinkingandlivercancerindetail?2．Tomtookupplayingcomputergamestwoyearsago;fromthenonhehasbeendeeplyaddicted(addict)toit.3．Sheisnowundermedicaltreatment(treat)becausesheisseriouslyill.4．Iaminadilemmanowandmyfinaldecisionwill_be_affected(affect)bywhetheryouhelpmeornot.5．Itisillegal(legal)forateenagerunder18todriveinourcountry.6．Sheisthemostpowerful(power)personintheteamandnoonedarestoopposeher.7．IamalwaysrespectfultoyoubutIdisagree(agree)withyouaboutthisdecision.8．Everyonefeltthattheywereindanger(dangerous)oflosingtheirliveswhenthewarbrokeout.9．Ihaven'tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyondrecognition(recognise)．10．Thetrainwasdelayedbecauseoftheheavyfog.MrSmithislikelyto_arrive(arrive)abitlate.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補全句子1．我大約有4年時間沉迷于視頻游戲中。(addict)Iwentthroughaboutfouryearsofbeing_addicted_tovideogames.2．如果你買十本以上的書，他們會把價格降低10%。(reduce)Ifyoubuymorethantenbooks,theywillreduce_the_price_by10percent.3．我30歲的時候，我的體重開始嚴(yán)重地影響我。(affect)WhenIwas30,myweightproblembegan_to_affect_me_seriously.4．我從沒說過我會把我的新書給她。決不可能！(likely)IneversaidI'dgivehermynewbooks.Not_likely!5．史密斯先生因上周酒后駕車被禁駕一年。(ban)MrSmithwas_banned_fromdrivingforayearbecauseofhisdrunk-drivinglastweek.(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1．look_up 向上看；查找2．break_into 破門而入；強行闖入3．belong_to[串記1] 屬于4．become_addicted_to 對……上癮；沉迷于5．put_up 提高(價錢)；舉起6．give_up 戒除；放棄7．in_pain 處于痛苦中8．(be)_related_to[串記2] 有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的9．in_danger[串記3] 處于危險之中10．in_order_to/so_as_to 為了……[同根短語串記]①belongto屬于 ②datefrom/backto追溯到③consistof由……組成 ④cometrue變成現(xiàn)實⑤takeplace發(fā)生 ⑥breakout爆發(fā)串記2.“be＋v.-ed＋prep.”短語聯(lián)想①berelatedto 有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的②beaccustomedto 習(xí)慣于③bedevotedto 致力于④beadmittedto 被接納；被錄?、輇eabsorbedin 全神貫注于⑥beconcernedabout 為……擔(dān)憂串記3.“in＋n.”短語薈萃①indanger處于危險之中 ②inpain處于痛苦中③introuble處于困境中 ④indebt負(fù)債⑤indoubt不能肯定的 ⑥inrelief如釋重負(fù)1．setadate 定下一個日期2．breakthelaw 犯法3．duringthe1990s 在20世紀(jì)90年代期間4．takeone'sadvice 聽某人的意見5．beagainstthelaw 犯法6．inpublic 公開地；當(dāng)眾7．makeaplan 制定計劃8．makeaphonecall 打電話1．NowIworkinacentrefordrugaddicts,helping_others_to_stop_taking_drugs.現(xiàn)在我在一家戒毒中心工作，幫助其他吸毒者戒毒。2．Thegovernmentputupthepriceofcigarettessoastostop_people_buying_them.為了阻止人們購買香煙，政府提高了香煙價格。3．Icouldn'tagreemore.我完全同意。4.Whatever_you're_doingwhenyouwanttosmoke—dosomethingelse!無論你在做什么，當(dāng)你想抽煙時——做點別的事吧！[學(xué)考對接·活學(xué)活用]高考采擷(一)完形中的短語(補全句子)1．(2012·陜西高考完形填空)Laddysensedthathismistress(女主人)wasin_danger(處于危險之中)．Hejumpedthroughawindow,breakingtheglass.2．(2011·江蘇高考完形填空)Withoutseeinganyotherchoices,hegave_up(放棄)andstartedtowalkaway.高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(補全句子/詞匯升級)1．(2014·四川高考書面表達)作為一名理科學(xué)生，我一直復(fù)習(xí)語文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語、物理、化學(xué)和生物，它們都屬于高考科目。Asasciencestudent,I'vebeenreviewingChinese,math,English,physics,chemistryandbiology,whichallbelong_totheCollegeEntranceExaminationsubjects.2．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)Tolearnmoreaboutthedevelopmentofourschool,allthestudentsarewelcometowatchtheEnglishshortfilmGrowingTogether,whichisadocumentaryonthehistoryofourschool.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞)In_order_to3．(2018·江蘇高考書面表達)無論我買什么，我都傾向于參考消費排名。(whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)Itendtoconsultconsumptionratingswhatever_I_purchase.(二)課堂重點釋疑[短語集釋]1．breakinto破門而入；強行闖入；突然……起來[記牢]breakawayfrom 脫離；放棄；打破breakin 打斷；插嘴；闖入breakthrough (在某領(lǐng)域)有進展或突破；沖破障礙breakdown (身體)垮掉；(機器)出故障；(化學(xué))分解breakup 打碎；拆散，解體；開始放假[練通]單句語法填空①Closethedoorandwindowscarefullytopreventsomestrangersbreakingintoyourhouse.②Inordertogetsomemoney,themanbrokeupthatoldmachineandsoldsomeparts.③See,yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain!Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.④Theywerediscussingsomethingimportantwhenamanbrokein.[用準(zhǔn)]breakinto中into為介詞，其后須接賓語；而breakin中in為副詞，為不及物動詞短語，表示“強行闖入；打斷(談話等)”。[寫美]補全句子⑤他一登上舞臺，觀眾就爆發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。Nosoonerhadhesteppedonthestagethan_the_audience_broke_into_thunderous_applause.2．giveup戒除；放棄；讓給；停止[記牢]giveupsth.to 把……讓給/獻給……giveaway 泄露(機密)；暴露；分發(fā)；捐贈givein 投降；屈服；讓步；上交giveinto 屈服于，向……讓步giveoff 發(fā)出(光、熱、氣味等)；發(fā)散(光線)giveout 用完，用盡；分發(fā)；公布[練通]單句語法填空①Thechildrenwererequiredtogiveintheirexaminationpapersimmediately.②(2016·北京高考書面表達)Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.③Mymoneywasbeginningtogiveoutandtherewerenojobstobefound.[寫美]翻譯句子④剛開始時，學(xué)習(xí)英語似乎很難，以至于我甚至都沒有嘗試就想放棄。At_the_beginning,_learning_English_seemed_so_difficult_that_I_wanted_to_give_up_without_even_trying.[句式集釋]whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句[教材原句]Whatever_you're_doingwhenyouwanttosmoke—dosomethingelseWhatever_the_result_is,_weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.無論結(jié)果怎樣，我們都要微笑著接受，因為我們已經(jīng)盡全力了。(2)Howeverfarawayweare,wefeelclosetoeachother.→No_matter_howfarawayweare,wefeelclosetoeachother.無論距離有多遠(yuǎn)，我們都會感覺彼此很親近。[析用法規(guī)則]用法歸納(1)whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。(2)whenever,wherever,however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen/where/how，意為“無論何時/何地/如何”。注意事項“nomatter＋疑問詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，可放在主句前或主句后。[背寫作佳句](1)WheneverI'munhappy,itismyfriendwhocheersmeup.(要點句)(2)Asyoungpeople,wearesupposedtoworkhardandenjoyourwork,nomatterhowordinaryitis.(要點句)[詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]Ⅰ.選詞填空giveup，breakinto，lookup，indanger，belongto，becomeaddictedto，inpain，berelatedto，inorderto，putup1．In_order_toknowmoreaboutthepanda,shelivedandatewiththemformorethanoneyear.2．Thethievesbroke_intomanyhouseswhilepeopleinthisvillagewerecelebratingthefestivalintheopenair.3．ItwasnotuntilJackmadeacontributiontothedisabledthatIknewhebelonged_tothevoluntaryorganization.4．WhenIwasachild,myfatheralwaystoldmenottogive_upwhateverhappened.5．Asaparent,youshouldpreventyourchildrenfrombecoming_addicted_tocomputergames.6．Itissurprisingthatmostcrimesinthisareaare_related_toover-drinkingandbetting.7．Shelooked_uphisnumberinthephonebooktomakesurethatshehadgotitright.8．Allthecitizensherestronglyinsistthosecaughtputting_up“harmful”advertisementsinthestreetsbepunishedstrictly.9．Weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthoserareanimalsin_dangerfromdyingout.10．Despitebeingin_pain,_hemanagedtomovetheheavyboxoutoftheroom.Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補全句子1．無論發(fā)生什么事，你知道我都會支持你。(whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)Whatever_happens,_youknowthatI'llstandbyyou.2．在我看來，這家旅館的服務(wù)好極了。(否定詞＋比較級)AsfarasI'mconcerned,theserviceinthehotelcouldn't_have_been_better.3．他們高高興興地回家了，有說有笑。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語)Theywenthomehappily,talking_and_laughing.4．必須做些事情來阻止這家工廠排放有毒氣體，這樣可以讓城市免遭污染。(stop...from...)Somethingmustbedonetostop_the_factory_(from)_sending_out_poisonous_gasessoastokeepthecityfrombeingpolluted.Ⅲ.分步寫作假定你是李華，你所在學(xué)校將要舉行一次主題為“Getawayfromdrugsandcherishourlives”的英語演講比賽，請你用英語寫一篇演講稿。內(nèi)容要點包括：1．毒品對人們的健康有害；2．毒品對社會的影響；3．政府已經(jīng)采取了措施來減少毒品帶來的可怕的危險；4．呼吁每個人都遠(yuǎn)離毒品、珍視生命。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第一步：準(zhǔn)確審題，理行文脈絡(luò)，擬寫作要點本篇書面表達屬于演講稿，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，人稱為第三人稱。文章應(yīng)分三個部分：開頭部分應(yīng)問候大家并表達能在此發(fā)表演講感到榮幸。主體部分應(yīng)依據(jù)題目所給的四個要點進行構(gòu)思：毒品對人們健康的危害容易上癮，不及時治療最終可能會死亡；毒品對社會的影響導(dǎo)致由毒品引起的違法犯罪案件發(fā)生；政府的措施已采取措施來減少毒品帶來的可怕的危險；引出個人的呼吁遠(yuǎn)離毒品、珍視生命。結(jié)尾部分應(yīng)對聽眾表達感謝。開頭語：大家上午好！在此發(fā)表演講我感到很榮幸。Good_morning,_everyone!_I_feel_greatly_honored_to_speak_here.要點1－①：眾所周知，毒品對人們的健康有害。(harmful)As_we_know,_drugs_are_harmful_to_people's_health.要點1－②：人們?nèi)菀讓Χ酒飞习a。(addicted)People_will_become_addicted_to_drugs_easily.要點1－③：如果吸毒者不能得到及時治療，他們最終很可能會死亡。(drug-taker,treatment,eventually)If_drug-takers_can't_get_timely_treatment,_they_are_likely_to_die_eventually.要點2－①：吸毒也影響我們的社會。(takedrug)Taking_drugs_also_affects_our_society.要點2－②：所有由毒品引起的犯罪行為對我們社會都有很壞的影響。(crime)All_the_crimes_caused_by_drugs_have_had_a_bad_effect_on_our_society.要點3：我們的政府已經(jīng)采取措施來減少毒品帶來的可怕的危險。(horrible)Our_government_has_taken_measures_to_reduce_the_horrible_dangers_of_drugs.要點4：我呼吁人們遠(yuǎn)離毒品、珍視生命。(appealto)I_appeal_to_everyone_to_get_away_from_drugs_and_cherish_our_lives.結(jié)束語：演講到此結(jié)束。感謝您們的聆聽。That's__you_for_listening.第二步：添加細(xì)節(jié)，文意更豐滿，表達更亮眼由于給出的寫作提綱比較籠統(tǒng)，因此為了使內(nèi)容更充實，我們需要對要點進行適度的自主發(fā)揮，讓要點在內(nèi)容上和形式上更豐滿。例如：要點1－②中可添加時間狀語表明上癮的緣由；要點2中可添加具體事例，例如吸毒者可能會做入室盜竊等違法的事，可以用inordertodo指出其目的，用suchas列舉違法的事例；要點3還可進一步補充說明吸毒是違法的。拓展要點1－②：吸毒以后，人們?nèi)菀讓λ鼈兩习a。(介詞短語作狀語)After_taking_drugs,_people_will_become_addicted_to_them_easily.補充要點2：為了弄到錢買毒品，吸毒者可能會做諸如闖入別人家盜竊這樣違法的事情。(inorderto)In_order_to_get_money_to_buy_drugs,_drug-takers_may_do_something_illegal_such_as_breaking_into_others'_houses_to_steal.補充要點3：無論誰吸毒都被認(rèn)為是犯法的。(whoever引導(dǎo)的主語從句，recognise)Whoever_takes_drugs_is_recognised_to_break_the_law.第三步：連句成文，排語句順序，重銜接過渡本寫作可采用三段式結(jié)構(gòu)組織全文。在演講稿的主體部分要按要點逐步論述，注意銜接與過渡，避免出現(xiàn)條理不清、內(nèi)容混亂的現(xiàn)象。Good_morning,_everyone!_I_feel_greatly_honored_to_speak_here.As_we_know,_drugs_are_harmful_to_people's__taking_drugs,_people_will_become_addicted_to_them__drug-takers_can't_get_timely_treatment,_they_are_likely_to_die__drugs_also_affects_our__order_to_get_money_to_buy_drugs,_drug-takers_may_do_something_illegal_such_as_breaking_into_others'_houses_to__the_crimes_caused_by_drugs_have_had_a_bad_effect_on_our__government_has_taken_measures_to_reduce_the_horrible_dangers_of__takes_drugs_is_recognised_to_break_the__appeal_to_everyone_to_get_away_from_drugs_and_cherish_our_lives.That's__you_for_listening.理清文體結(jié)構(gòu)之(八)記敘文之倒敘——“本末倒置”留懸念倒敘是根據(jù)表達的需要，把事件的結(jié)局或某個最重要、最突出的片段提到文章的前邊，然后再從事件的開頭按事情原來的發(fā)展順序進行敘述的方法。倒敘也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在高考試題的語篇材料中。采用倒敘的情況一般有三種：一是為了表現(xiàn)文章中心思想的需要，把最能表現(xiàn)中心思想的部分提到前面，加以突出；二是為了使文章結(jié)構(gòu)富于變化，避免平鋪直敘；三是為了表達效果的需要，使文章曲折有致，形成懸念，引人入勝。[高考典例]2018·全國卷Ⅲ·C篇[倒敘之中情節(jié)現(xiàn)][1]WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.[2]Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.[3]WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus(校園)oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.[4]ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves(曲線)ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.[5]Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Hea