高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when/whenever,while,as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀從eg.Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.We'IIanswerhercallwheneverourmotherlandneedsus.when:從句謂語(yǔ)可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生。while:從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。as:從句謂語(yǔ)一般為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或交替進(jìn)行。可譯為“一邊…，一邊…；隨著…”固定句型(重點(diǎn))：IwaswatchingTVlastnightwhenLilyknockedatthedoor.Iwasabouttogo(onthepointofgoing)outforawalkwhenLilypaidavisittome.Ihadjustfallenasleepwhenthetelephoneran.總結(jié)：正在做…突然… 正要做…突然… 剛做完…突然… Itis/hasbeen3yearssincehebegantosmoke.(非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，他抽煙3年了；做…多久了)Itis/hasbeen3yearssincehesmoked.(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，他不抽煙3年了；不做…多久了)before的特殊用法：Itwillbe+一段時(shí)間+before… 還要…才Itwas+一段時(shí)間+before… 過(guò)了…才…Itwon1tbe/wasn't+一段時(shí)按+before… 沒(méi)過(guò)多久就…Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyeasbeforeyougetanotherchance.翻？譯：Itwon*tbelongbeforewegraduate.翻譯: until可以和not連用，till一般不行5,注意：hardly…when…;nosooner…than…結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，than或when所在的從句用一盛過(guò)去時(shí)，且當(dāng)hardly和nosooner放于句首時(shí)，要引起部分倒裝Hardly(Nosooner)hadIgottothestationwhen(than)thetrainleft.我一到火車站，火車就離開(kāi)了。 ^everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,bythetime等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Everytime/Eachtime/NexttimehegoestoBeijing,hewillvisittheSummerPalace.注意：1)thefirsttime和thefirsttime的區(qū)別thefirsttime弓I導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：ThefirsttimeIcametoBeijing.Ifellinlovewiththecity.thefirsttime作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不能弓I導(dǎo)從句：Thisyear,IcametoBeijingforthefirsttime.bythetime要和對(duì)應(yīng)的完成時(shí)連用Bynow,IhavebeentoBeijingtwice.Bytheendoflastterm,theyhadmadegreatprogress.By2050,theywillhavewastedmillionsofdollars.二、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句although,though,as和while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Althoughthesemeasurearenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.Hotas/thoughthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.注意：1)although/while引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝，while只能置于句首；2)though引導(dǎo)的從句可以倒裝，也可以不倒裝，且though可以做副詞，意為“然而”，表轉(zhuǎn)折，置于句末；as引導(dǎo)的從句必須倒裝Childasheis,heknowsalot.Tryasyoumay,youwon*tmakeit.Changeyourmindasyoumay,youwon1tsucceed.Busyasheis,heoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.Hardashestudied,hefailedagain.總結(jié)：as弓I導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句要把提前，且當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前置時(shí)要省略evenif/eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：表示語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)的讓步，意為“即使，即便”Timisingoodshapephysicallyevenif/thoughhedoesn1tgetmuchexercise.“疑問(wèn)詞+?ever”引導(dǎo)讓步狀從whatever,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however弓I導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“無(wú)論…”；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),相當(dāng)于nomatter(what,who,whom,when,where,which,how)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants./nomatterwhatheorshewants.However/Nomatterhowhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.注意：whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但是nomatter結(jié)構(gòu)不可以Whoevergetsthemostpointswillbethewinner.這句話的whoever弓|導(dǎo),且不能改為nomatterwhowhether???or…意為"無(wú)論…還是…”，提供兩種對(duì)比情況Allpeople,whethertheyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.三、條件狀語(yǔ)從句.由if,unless,so(as)longas等連接Ifhecomes,Ishallaskhimsomequestions.We*IIgotovisittheGreatWallunlessitrainstomorrow.(unless=)Youmayusethedictionaryso/aslongasyoukeepitclean注意：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，基本時(shí)態(tài)原則為.suppose(supposing),incase,onconditionthat,provided(providing)可弓［導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Suppose/Supposing/Providing/Provided)(that)=lfthere1snoelectricity,whatshallwedo?Incasesomeonecomestoseeme,askhim/herleaveamessage.＜萬(wàn)——，彳設(shè)如〉Youmaygoswimmingon(the)conditionthatyoufinishyourhomeworkv在…條件下〉四、辨析三大從句狀語(yǔ)從句和主句通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，且從句中不缺主要成分，主要根據(jù)句意判斷所填弓I導(dǎo)詞；名詞性從句通常跟主句是嵌入式關(guān)系，需要先找到主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞再進(jìn)行判斷從句類型，再根據(jù)從句所缺成分和句意選擇弓I導(dǎo)詞；定語(yǔ)從句通常緊跟在名詞之后，較好判斷，選用弓I導(dǎo)詞時(shí)主要看先行詞種類和從句所缺成分來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷易混點(diǎn)1：定語(yǔ)從句和并列句Shehasmanynovels,someofareinteresting.Shehasmanynovels,andsomeofareinteresting.易混點(diǎn)2:定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句Weyoungpeopleshouldgototheplaceisneedofhelp.Weyoungpeopleshouldgowe'remostneeded.定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的主要區(qū)別定語(yǔ)從句先行詞為表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，而地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句沒(méi)有；定語(yǔ)從句修飾的是先行詞，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句修飾的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞易混點(diǎn)3：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別Thisissuchaninterestingworkofartallofuslike.Thisissuchaninterestingworkofartallofuslikeit.thesams---as;so/such---as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,as在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分；such/so…that弓I導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，that不在從句中做成分易混點(diǎn)4：定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句1.1)isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2)isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.3)isknowntoeverybodyisthatmoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2.1)hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.2)Anyonehashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.定語(yǔ)從句與主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性從句，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，在整個(gè)句子中作定語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾前面的名詞或代詞；而主語(yǔ)從句，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，在整個(gè)句子中作主語(yǔ)1)Themothermadeapromisepleasedallherchildren.2)Themothermadeapromiseshewouldbuynewtoys.定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性從句，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，用來(lái)修飾前面的名詞或代詞；同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞，對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋，同位語(yǔ)從句一般與抽象名詞同位。定語(yǔ)從句的that在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略；而同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that在從句中只起連接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。1)Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetotheplaceisthecenterofthetown.Myun