大二輪英語11全書的版專題一第八節(jié)

第八節(jié)名詞性從句thatthatwhatthatif/whetherwhichthat，whichwhatifwhetherScientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence sticisfindingitswayintothehuman 答案解析考查同位語從句。句意為：科學家已經(jīng)獲得的，這些表明塑料正在進入evidence的同位語從句，且從句中不缺少成分，故用連接詞that。Byboatistheonlywaytogethere，whichis wearrived.(2018·江蘇，21) 答案解析到達的。where表地點；when表時間；why表原因；howWithouthissupport，wewouldn’tbe wearenow.(2018·，11) 答案解析C項，where引導表語從句。句意為：4.Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedwinstheceinthebicycle(2018·答案解析考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：金牌將被授予在自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。介詞to后是賓語從句，從句中動詞wins前缺主語，而且金牌給的是“人”whoever引導賓語從句。whomever在從句中作賓語，故排除。Every makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKite(2017· 答案解析whoeveranyonewhowhomever在句中只能作賓語，不合題意；whatever任何……的事物；whichever無論哪個，無論哪些。Sheaskedme Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary，andIadmittedthatI 答案解析考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：她問我是否(whether)已將那些書還給了館，Itisoftenthe anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.(2016· 答案解析考查主語從句的引導詞。句意為：通常情況下，對于那些心存希望的人來說，一切皆it為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的名詞性從句，從句結構完整，不缺成分，故要用that引導。1whatthat213whetherif645解題方法兩步定引導考點 what和that引導的名詞性從Peoplewhocanseewiththeireyescan’tunderstand practicaluseBraillecanbeoffortheblind. 答案解析whatof的賓語，表示“所……的(事)”。句意為：眼PartofthereasonwhyCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel，DavidCopperfield，was itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisown 答案解析此處引導表語從句，從句不缺成分，因此用that來引導。句意為： They’vedonewhattheycantohelpHeisnolongerwhathewas.ThenumberofthestudentsinourschoolistentimeswhatitwasthreeyearsTheyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak，standingthereforwhatseemedlikeIn1492，ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年到達了現(xiàn)在所稱的美洲大陸。whatthatthat可以省略，其余的不能省略)。Hedoesn’tknowwhatsheIbelieve(that)hewillcometosee考點 Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield. 答案解析此處belief后所接的從句對其內(nèi)容進行解釋說明，故為同位語從句，陳述一個事實，B。句意為：成功到達最高水平的唯一方法就是要充分相信你在賽場上比其他任何人Ihaveno thecellphoneisn’tworking，socouldyoufixitfor 答案解析從句中主干成分不缺，故排除A、Didea的同位語。why為什么；if如果，是否。由句意可知選B項。句意為：我不知道為什么不be動Thenoticethatthemeetinghadtobeputoffwastrue.(同位語從句→ThenoticewasthatthemeetinghadtobeputThenoticethathereadjustnowwastrue.(定語從句考點 whether和if引導的名詞性從Itisstillunderdiscussion theoldbusstationshouldberecedwithamodernhoornot. 答案解析考查主語從句的引導詞。句意為：老汽車站是否應該被一個現(xiàn)代化的賓館代替仍然在討論之中。由ornot可知此處應用連接詞whether。whether...ornot意為“是否”。or或ornotIdidn’tknowwhether/ifhewouldattendthe我并不知道他是否參加音樂會。(if代替I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedtheItremainstobeseenwhetherthisnispracticalenoughtokeeptheproject這個計劃是否足夠?qū)嵱?，以使這個項目繼續(xù)下去還有待觀察。(主語從句，不可用ifThequestioniswhetheritisworth問題是它值不值得一試。(if代替Thequestionwhethertheworkis nghasnotbeen考點 —Irangyouataboutnine，buttherewasno—Oh，thatwas Iwasseeingthe 答案解析when引導表語從句，在從句中作時間狀語。句意為：——9點打你，但Infact，Iwonder myeffortswereallinvain. 答案解析wonder，應該用疑問詞連接，which可以在從句中作主語、賓語或Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain shewasandwaitforhermother. 答案解析remainAAsanewdiplomat，heoftenthinksof hecanreactmoreappropriayonsuch 答案解析此處為介詞后所跟的賓語從句，從句中缺少方式狀語，故選D項。句意為：作為一名whowho，why，how，where，when等在從句中既作特定的成分，又有具體的含義，不能省it作形式主語。see，l，ask，answer，know，decide，imagine，suggest，doubt，wonder，show，discuss，understand，inform，advise等。WhowillbechosenasthebestsingerhasnotbeenItneveroccurredtomehowtoughitwastobeginanewlifeinastrangeIdon’tknowwhyitwasthatourheadmasterwasabsentfromsuchanimportantGrandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid，“That’swhereIwasborn.”考點 Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork. youcandohelps. 答案解析考查主語從句的引導詞。句意為：的支持對我們的工作很重要，無論做什么都會有幫助。從句謂語動詞do缺少賓語，且引導主語從句，故用whatever，表示“無論什Iwon’thaveanyone inhere. breakstheregulationwillgetpunished.A.tosmoke；Whoever B.smoke；NomatterwhoC.smoked；Nomatter 答案解析第一空考查短語：havesb.ngsth.讓一直做某事；第二空為主語從句，引導主語whoevernomatterwho。句意為：我不會讓任何人在這里吸煙的，不管是TheclubwillgivewhoeverwinsaWhoeverwantstoreachadistantgoalmusttakemanysmallPeoplecrowd cherrytreesareblooming，appreciatingthefreshspring 答案解析into的賓語，且從句缺少地點狀語，用where引導賓語從句。故選D。Iguess impressesmemostabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses. 答案解析句意為：他的畫給我印象最深的是他使用的顏色。分析句子結構可知，guess后是所填詞應該起雙重作用，結合句意可知選D。Thesameboilingwatersoftensthepotatoandhardenstheegg.It’sabout madeof，notthecircumstances.(2019·市高三模擬) 答案解析句意為：同樣的沸水使土豆變軟，使雞蛋變硬。重要的是你是由什么構成的，而不是環(huán)境。設空處引導賓語從句且在從句中作賓語，指代事物，用what，故選B。Bobmadeapromisetothemanager theworkwouldallbefinishedontime. 答案解析句意為：鮑勃向經(jīng)理保證將按時完成工作。分析句子結構可知，此處為同位語從句，解釋promise的內(nèi)容，從句成分完整，引導詞只起連接作用，無實義，故A項正確。 seemedanendlesswait，itwashisturntohavethejobinterview. 答案解析afterwhat引導這個賓語從句，并在Whenitcametoonlinegames，mydeskmateaskedmea Ihad hecalledAngryBirds.答案解析askedmeaquestion可知，第一空表示“是否”，故用whether引導同位語從句；第二空空格處在從句中作賓語，表示“所……的(事或物)”what。句意為：當談到Manyexpertsholdtheview teachers’developmentis thekeytobettereducationliesin. 答案解析第一個空引導的句子在解釋說明view的內(nèi)容，是同位語從句，只起連接作用用beinwhat。句意為：很多Withyourhelp，thereisnodoubt ournismeantforwillworkoutsuccessfully.A.whatthat B.thatwhetherC.that D.whether答案解析句意為：有你的幫助，我們的計劃將順利完成。thereisnodoubtthat...是固定引導，whatournismeantfor意思是“我們計劃的目的”。I’mconcernedaboutmostis wecancollectahugeamountofmoneyinsuchashorttime. 答案解析isaboutwhat的方式，所以用how來引導。iswillingtovolunteerinthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicsis etojoinus. 答案無論何時；whereveris前的主語從句“iswillingtovolunteerinthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics”中缺少主語，表示“任何人”，故答案是B。強化練(八Withprivategroups，thereisafalsesense everybodyinthegroupsknowseachotherandhasthesameinterestsinmind. 答案解析that引導同位語從句說明“afalsesense”的內(nèi)容。句意為：與私人團體有關的一種錯Sometimes，thekindoffoodweserve weshowour 答案解析考查賓語從句。句意為：有時候，我們?yōu)閯e人提供的食物暗示了我們?nèi)绾伪磉_我們的感激之情。分析句子結構并結合句意可知此處是how引導的賓語從句，故選D。Thetechindustryexpo，whichattractedmorethan180,000people，wasareminderof techindustryisbestat:beingoptimisticaboutitself.(2019·鎮(zhèn)四市高三聯(lián)考) 答案解析18萬多人參加的科技產(chǎn)業(yè)博覽會提醒人們：of故用what引導賓語從句，表示“……的東西或事情”，故選C。Neverturndownajobbecauseyouthinkit’stoosmall.Youdon’tknow itcan 答案解析考查名詞性從句句意為不要因為覺得工作太小就它你不知道它能通往何方Iwasgoingtopaybycashwhenitsuddenlyoccurredtome Ihadleftmypurseathome. 答案解析句意為：我正要付現(xiàn)金，這時突然想起我把錢包忘在家里了。句型ItoccurredtoItisadifferentworldbutone offershugechallengestoambitiousyoungpeopleinterestedin ourUniverseworks.(2019江蘇江都、華羅庚等中考) 答案解析考查定語從句和賓語從句。句意為：這是一個不同的世界，但對于對我們的宇宙如何先行詞為one，應該用that來引導并在從句中作主語，第二空為賓語從句，從句中缺少方式狀語，應該用how表示“如何”，故C項正確。MacronwaschosenforthishonorTrumpWhispercomesasnosurprisetothosewhohaveobservedhisclosebondwithTrump. 答案解析comes，前面又是個句子，且該句主干成分不缺，因此用that引導主語從TherearesomedifferencesbetweenAmericanandBritishEnglish，butdoyouknow differencescameintobeing? 答案解析TheresaMayaskedRussianofficialstoexin theywereresponsibleforthechemicalattackinSalisbury，England. 答案解析if引導賓語從句。句意為：特蕾莎·梅要求俄羅斯官—Thesmallrestaurantisalwayscrowdedinevery ithasauniquediningenvironmentandquiteafewwonderfuldishes. 答案AB。Itlooks youareill.Youshouldgotoseethedoctor. C.as 答案解析asthoughIfweloseloveandrespectforeachother，this wefinally 答案解析how引導表語從句，表示方式，how在從句中作狀語。句意為：如果我們失去Aproposalwasputforwardatthemeeting thenewcementntshouldn’tbebuiltneartheschool. 答案解析proposal進行解釋說明，從句不缺少成分，也不需要翻譯出含義，因此要用that引導。Manystudentsareatalossasto theyspendsomuchtimeonlanguagelearning，butachievelittle. 答案解析asto后面要跟賓語從句，且連詞要在從句中充當原因狀語。句意為：很多學生感到困they’vemanagedtogeteverythingfinishedsoquicklyisnotcleartous. 答案解析示方式，因此選D。句意為：他們是怎么如此快速地把一切做完的我們還不清楚。ABorneo 假勝地)inMalaysia.LocateddeepintheDanumValleyConservationArea，theentireceisbuiltonwoodenpostswithwalkwaysabovegroundtopreservetherainfloors.Thesightingsofwildlifeattheaward-winningresortarecommon，evenattheresortgrounds.Andtheservicehereisoftoplevelwithprofessionalandknowledgeablestaffandguides.MuluMarriottResort&MuluMarriottResort&Spaisjustafive-minutewalkfromGunungMuluNationalPark，aUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteinSarawak，Malaysia.It’stheonlyfive-starluxuryresortintheentireMuluregion.Theresortofferseverythingfromabanquethall，theBalinese-stylespaandcookingclassestoculturaldemonstrations.Activitiesincluderainhikesandtheawe-inspiringMulucavetours.BelumRainBelumRainResortisthemaingatewaytothe130-million-year-oldBelum-TemengorRain，oneoftheoldestrainsintheworld.Thisfive-starresortofferssomeofthebestnatureexperiencesinPeninsularMalaysia.Theworld’slargestflower，Rafflesia，canbespottedallyearround.Birdsareabundant.RareMalayantigersorevenAsianelephantscansometimesbesighted.onconservationandenvironmentalpractice.語篇解讀本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個位 Thebeautyofthe30-year-oldrainresortlieswiththelargenumberofhighlyendangeredanimalslivinginthereserve，makingitoneof語篇解讀本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個位 Whichisthebestdestinationforthoseinterestedinforeignculture?A.TabinWildlifeResort. B.BelumRainResort.C.BorneoRain D.MuluMarriottResort&答案解析MuluMarriottResort&Spa部分中的“Theresortofferseverythingfromabanquethall，theBalinese-stylespaandcookingclassestoculturaldemonstrations.”可知，MuluMarriottResort&Spa這一旅游勝地為游客提供的服務包括宴會廳、巴厘島風格的療養(yǎng)目的地是MuluMarriottResort&Spa。故選D。WhatdothefourceshaveinTheyareallfive-starTheyarealltropicalTheyareallhometorareTheyareallgloballywell-答案解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)BorneoRain Lodge部分中的“inMalaysia”“preservetherainfloors”，MuluMarriottResort&Spa部分中的“afive-minutewalk...inSarawak，Malaysia”，BelumRain Resort部分中的“BelumRainResortisthemaingatewayto...oneoftheoldestrainsintheworld”“inPeninsularMalaysia”，TabinWildlifeResort部分中的“Thebeautyofthe30-year-oldrainresort”并結合可知，這四個地方的共同之處是它們都是熱帶旅游景點。故選B。BWespendalotoftimeonourdevicesthesedaysandautomakershavetakennote，rollingoutconnectedcarsthatmakeiteasytodonearlyeverythingfromyourphone.“Weallenjoythosekindsofexperienceswhereyouwantsomethingandbythepushofabuttoneverythinggetstakencareofforyou.Youdon’thavetogohereandthereandpieceabunchofthingstogetherbyyourself，”saidJimBuczkowski，directorofFordelectronicssystems.HerecentlyintroducedFordPass，a tformthatletscarownersaccessserviceslikefindingandpayingforaparkingspot.“Here’sthedetailofwhatchargeswillbe，andthenIsubmit，andthenIreceiveaQRphotoallowingmyentrytothatparkinglocation，”hesaid.AtBuick，theOnStarRemoinkappconnectsownerstotheircarsnomatterhowfarawaytheyare.“ThiscarinDetroit，IcouldstartfromhereinNewYork.OrletussayIhavetheonlykeytoitandmywifeinDetroitneedstogetinthecar，Icanunlockitforherfromhere，”saidStuartFowle，managerofBuickcommunications.connecttoitatanygiven“Wewantpeopletofeelasiftheywereathomewithinthecar，whichalotofpeoplewanttobeinjustforthedrivingexperience，nowtheycanbeinthere，andeventhepassengerscanbeinthereaswellfortheconnectivityexperience，”exinedRobPeterson，marketingmanagerforBuickcrossovers.Butwhatdoesthatconnectivitymeanforyourprivacy？Itisimportanttohavealinformationtocreatethatindividualized，alizedexperience，butcertainlyitwillbeaconsumer’soption.Forcertainconsumers，itmaynotevenbeanissue.Therecertainlyisafactorwhereayoungerconsumerismuchmorecomfortablegivingupalotmoreprivacyanddatathananolderconsumeris，andmorelikelythannot，youaregoingtoseeabehaviorsimilartohowtheyhandletheir alprivacywithinthevehicle.Consideringhowcapableour deviceshave e，perhapstheonlyquestionlefttoansweris：“Who’sdriving？”語篇解讀語篇解讀WhatdoJim’swordsintendtoThepopularityofTheadvancedtechnologyFordPassTheconvenienceofThehugeeconomicbenefitsFordPass答案解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Weallenjoythosekindsofexperiences...Youdon’thavetogohereandthereandpieceabunchofthingstogetherbyyourself”可知，JimBuczkowski敘述andthenIreceiveaQRphotoallowingmyentrytothatparkinglocation”可知，JimBuczkowski繼而闡述了FordPass的操作細節(jié)，突出了其便利的特點。由此可推知，JimBuczkowski所說的話是為了表明FordPass的便利性。故選C。 答案解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文中的“Upto devicescanconnecttoitatanytime.”可推知，畫線詞所在句表示的是這一特點實際上利用了汽車的4GLTEemploy意為“使用，采用”，符合語境，故選AWhatcanweinferabouttheconnectivityfromthelastbutoneOlderdriverscommonlygoagainstDriversshouldattachvaluetotheirIt everypopularwithyoungUsersmayrisklettingouttheirprivacy答案解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Itisimportanttohavealinformationtocreatethatindividualized，alizedexperience，butcertainlyitwillbeaconsumer’soption.”和“Therecertainlyisafactorwhereayoungerconsumerismuchmorecomfortablegivingupalotmoreprivacyanddata...”可知，使用這項連接服務的時候，要想獲可能會自己的私人信息。故選D。“Whateveryourjobis，thechancesarethatoneofthesemachinescandoitfasterorbetterthanyoucan.”Asinnovationaccelerates，thousandsofjobswilldisappear，justasithashappenedinthepreviouscyclesofindustrialrevolutions.MachinespoweredbynarrowAIalgorithmscanalreadyperformcertain3-Dtasks(“dull，dirtyanddangerous”)muchbetterthanhumans.Thismaycreateenormouspainforthosewhoarelosingtheirjobsoverthenextfewyears，particularlyiftheydon’tacquirethecomputer-relatedskillsthatwouldenablethemtofindmorecreativeopportunities.Wemustlearnfromthepreviouswavesofcreativedestructionifwearetolessenhumansufferingandincreasinginequality.Forexample，somestatisticsindicatethatasmanyas3%ofthepopulationindevelopedcountriesworkasdrivers.Whenautomatedcars earealityinthenext15to25years，wemustofferpeoplewhowillbe“structurallyunemployed”somesortofcompensation andre-positioningopportunities.Fortunay，theSchumpeterianwavesofdestructiveinnovationalsocreatejobs.Historyvaluejobstomachinescanhaveapositiveimpactontheoverallqualityoflifeofmostworkers.TheATMparadoxisagoodexampleofthis.Astheuseofautomatic lermachinesspreadinthe1980sand’90s，manypredictedmassiveunemploymentinthebankingsector.Instead，ATMscreatedmorejobsasthecostofopeningnewagenciesdecreased.Thenumberofagenciesmultiplied，asdidtheportfolioofbankingproducts.Thankstoautomation，goingtothebankoffersamuchbettercustomerexperiencethaninpreviousdecades.Andthejobsintheindustrybecamebetterpaidandwereofbetterquality.Thisoptimistscenarioassumes，however，thateducationsystemswilldoabetterjobofpreparingourchildrento egoodatwhathumansdobest：creativeandcriticalthinking.Lesslearning-by-heartandmorelearning-by-ng.Fewerclericalskillsandmorephilosophicalinsightsabouthumannatureandhowtocatertoitsinfiniteneedsforartandculture. ecreativeandcriticalthinkers，ourchildrenwillneedknowledgeandwisdommorethanrawdatapoints.Theyneedtoask“Why？”“How？”and“Whatif？”moreoftenthan“What？”“Who？”and“When？”Andtheymustconstructthisknowledgebyrelyingondatabasesascognitivepartnersassoonastheylearnhowtoreadandwrite.Thus，thefutureofhuman-machinecooperationlookslesslikethescenariointhemoviesandmorelikeaMinorityReport-styleof“augmentedinligence”.Therewillbejobsifweadapttheeducationsystemtoequipourchildrentodowhathumansaregoodat:tothinkcriticallyandcreatively，todevelopknowledgeandwisdom，toappreciateandcreatebeautifulworksofart.Thatdoesnotmeanitwillbeapainlesstransition.Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyrecethem，requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.NoNo，artificial ligencewon’tyourchildren’sPassageSupportingA WiththeriseofAI，machines threatenthesecuritydarkandgloomy.AnobjectiveThosenotskilledincomputerusingneedton24. areatahigherriskoflosingtheirjobstomachines.Drivers，facedwiththeincreasingpopularityofautomatedcars，needtobecompensated，25. forre-employment.TMsthoughcreate ApracticalAdjustmentsneedtobemadetoeducationsystemsby27. childrenforthejobs28. creativeandcriticalthinking. styleswillbeintroducedfordevelocriticalAsafeAIwon’tcostyourchildrentheirjobs.Instead，itwillmakemorecreativeand 語篇解讀語篇解讀答案解析“Whateveryourjobis，thechancesarethatoneofthesemachinescandoitfasterorbetterthanyoucan.”(不管你的工作是什么，這些機器都有可能比你做得更快或更好。)和最后一段最后兩句“Machinesandautomationwilllikelytakeawaymillionsoflow-qualityjobsasithashappenedinthepast.Butbetter-qualityjobswilllikelyrecethem，requiringlessphysicaleffortandshorterhourstodeliverbetterresults.”(機器和自動化可能會像案為steal/take。答案解析概括詞匯題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Asinnovationaccelerates，thousandsofjobswilldisappear，justasithashappenedinthepreviouscyclesofindustrialrevolutions.”可知，這是一個令人擔憂的現(xiàn)象。故答案為worrying。答案解析概括詞匯題。根據(jù)第二段中“MachinespoweredbynarrowAIalgorithmscanalreadyperformcertain3-Dtasks‘d