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《Communicationintroduction》coursePresenter：YingyingLiTeachingResourceDatabaseofCommunicationTechnologySHENZHENPOLYTECHNICHybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolTeachers:YingyingLi,SunanWangHybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolThehybridfibercoaxnetworkarchitecturehasproventobeflexibleandruggedinthelast10years,sincethemulti-serviceoperators(MSO)havedecidedtoprovidefirsthighspeedInternet(HSI)service,followedbydigitalphoneorvoiceoverIP(VoIP)serviceandmorerecentlydigitalhighdefinition(HD)video,eitherbroadcastorvideoondemand(VoD),onthisnetworkarchitecturepreviouslyusedtoradiofrequency(RF)broadcastvideo.MSO’snetworkshaveevolvedinthisperiodoftime;higherbitrateandwavelengthdivisionmultiplexing(WDM)havebeeninstalledinthetransportringofthenetwork,typicallythesameimprovementthatallnetworkprovidersofferingbroadbandserviceshaverealizedinthissamesegmentoftheirnetwork(Fig.1.4).

HybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolHybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolThehybridfibercoaxaccessnetworkportionbeginatthedistributionhub;fromthispointavariablelengthoffiberopticwillfeedanopticalnodewheretheopticalelectricalconversionofthesignalisrealizedtoadaptthesignalforthecoaxialportionofthenetwork.ThecoaxialportionoftheHFCnetworkhasevolvedwiththeinstallationofbi-directionalandmorepowerfulamplifiers,allowingbroadbandservicestransmission.Thecoaxialsections,trunkandline,canreachtypicaldistancegreaterthan8km,leveragingtheuseoftheamplifiers.

HybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolThetransmissionofbroadbandservicesoverHFCnetworkhasbeengreatlyeasedbythedevelopmentofthedataovercableserviceinterfacespecifications(DOCSIS)orCableLabsCertifiedCableModemproject.Foundedin1988bycable

operatingcompanies,CableTelevisionLaboratories,Inc.(CableLabsR)isanonprofitresearchanddevelopmentconsortiumthatisdedicatedtopursuingnewcable

telecommunicationtechnologiesandtohelpingitscableoperatormembersintegratethosetechnicaladvancementsintotheirbusinessobjectives.1DOCSISis

usingchannelsof6MHzofRFspectrumonthecoaxialmediumtocarry38Mbps

ofbroadbandservices.

HybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolThefirstcommercialapplicationofthenewDOCSIS3.0willallowchannel

bonding,upstreamanddownstream,toallowbi-directionaltransmissionsupto100

Mbpsforeachsubscriber.Thislevelofperformanceisdefinitelycompetitivewith

fiber-to-the-homeservices.ThemaindisadvantageoftheHFCnetworkremainsin

theoperationexpense(OPEX)ofmaintainingthesecascadesoftrunkandlineRF

amplifiers,thisexpenditurerepresentsabout$1,100permileofplantperyear[2].

HybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolTheHFCnetworkarchitectureremainsperformantandflexible,evenifthe

OPEXofthemaintenanceoftheRFamplifiersisimportant.MSOshavethealternativetoreducethisexpenditurebyinvestingindeeperfiberarchitecturetoreducethe

lengthofthecoaxialloopplantintheHFCnetwork,therebyreducingoreliminating

thecascadeofamplifiersandtheOPEXforthemaintenanceoftheseamplifiers.

HybridFiberCoaxRunningDOCSISProtocolAnotherimportantconsiderationfortheMSOsistoreducetotheminimumthe

back-officeequipmentmodifications(cablemodemterminationsystem,CMTS,RF

videoequipments)atthedistributionhub,aswellasthecablemodemsandset-top

boxesatthecustomerlocations.VendorsareproposingtotheMSOsafiber-to-thehomenetworkarchitectureusingactiveopticalnodeandamplifiersdistributedin

theaccessplant,feedingRFnetworkinterfaceunitatthecustomerlocation.Inthis

caseMSOs

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