大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自學(xué)教程(上冊(cè))-全書(shū)串講匯總_第1頁(yè)
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自學(xué)教程(上冊(cè))-全書(shū)串講匯總_第2頁(yè)
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自學(xué)教程(上冊(cè))-全書(shū)串講匯總_第3頁(yè)
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自學(xué)教程(上冊(cè))-全書(shū)串講匯總_第4頁(yè)
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自學(xué)教程(上冊(cè))-全書(shū)串講匯總_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩189頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)自學(xué)教程(上冊(cè))串講

Unitone:

TextA:HowtoBeaSuccessfulLanguageLearner?

I.NewWords:

1.successful:a成功的;

succeedv:succeedindoingsomething做某事成功;

successn;successfullyad(*)

a.Shewishedhimsuccess_inhisnewjob.

b.Wereyousuccessfulinfindinganewhouse?

c.Ifinishedmytrainingsuccessfully.

d.Hesucceedsinfindingagoodjob.

2.disagree:vdisagreewithsomebody(與某人有分歧,意見(jiàn)不一致),

ndisagreement,adisagreeable;反義詞:agree,agreement,agreeable

e.g.Ialwaysdisagreewithhim.

3.guarantee:n/v保證、擔(dān)保、保修

e.g.1>.Thewatchhasatwo-yearguarantee,(n保修)

2>.TheTVsetisguaranteedforoneyear,(v保修)

4.intelligent:a聰明的、明智的,nintelligence聰明、智慧

5.conversely:ad相反地,conversea相反的

6.similar:a相似的、類似的,短語(yǔ)besimilartosth/sbinsth(*)

e.g.Sheissimilarintemper('性'情、脾氣)tohermother.

7.independent:a獨(dú)立的、自主的,independencen獨(dú)立、自主、自立,(*)

字根:depend(v):依靠、依賴,dependon/upon

dependence:n信賴、信任、依靠;dependent:a依靠的、需要支持的

a.Whenyoubegintomakemoneyyoucanlivealifeofindependence.

b.Childrendependontheirparentsforfood.

c.Idon,twanttobedependentonmyparents,becauseIamanadult.

8.clue:n線索、提示,常用短語(yǔ):cluetosomething

9.adult:n成年人;a成年的、成熟的

a.Shecandoitherself,forsheisanadultnow.

b.Hisbehaviorisn'tadult.

10.conclusion:n結(jié)論、推論;vconclude,decidev決定,decisionn決定、決心

11.communicate:v交流、通訊、傳播,習(xí)語(yǔ):

①communicatesthtosb:傳播某事給某人;

②communicatewithsb:同某人交流

名詞:communication:acommunicationsatellite通訊衛(wèi)星;

acommunicationnetwork通訊網(wǎng),telecommunication:電訊、電信,

Chinatelecommunication中國(guó)電信

12.inexact:a不正確的,反義詞:exact

incomplete:a不完整的,反義詞:complete

13.purpose:n目的、意圖,purposeful:a有目的的,蓄意的,

purposefully:ad有目的地、蓄意地(*)

a.Hewasaclevermanwhoseeverywordwaspurposeful.

b.Weshouldusethelanguagepurposefully.

c.Shediditonpurpose.

14.regularly:ad經(jīng)常地、定期地,

regular:a定期的

15.technique:n技術(shù)、技巧,

16.outline:v概括;n輪廓、大綱

a.Youshouldoutlinethestorybeforeyouwriteit.

b.Youcanseetheoutlineofherfaceinthelightofthecandle.

II.Intensivereading:

1.Mostadultswhoarelearningasecondlanguagewoulddisagreewiththisstatement.

大多數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言的成年人會(huì)不同意這種說(shuō)法的。

①本句主語(yǔ)為:Mostadultswhoarelearningasecondlanguage;謂語(yǔ)為:woulddisagree

with;賓語(yǔ)為:thisstatement

②主語(yǔ)中包含有一個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn),定語(yǔ)從句。這是英語(yǔ)中一個(gè)非常重要的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn).顧名思義,定語(yǔ)從句

應(yīng)該在整個(gè)句中做定語(yǔ),請(qǐng)對(duì)比如下兩句:Heboughtaninterestingbook.(定語(yǔ))/Heboughta

bookwhichisinteresting.(定語(yǔ)從句)。具體介紹該語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):

修飾名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句必須

放在先行詞后面,它需由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。

通常引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有:who,whom,(一般指人),which(一般指物),whose,

that(人、物均可).關(guān)系副詞有:when(時(shí)間),where(地點(diǎn)),why(原因)。不管是關(guān)系代詞還是副詞引

導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。上句中的whoarelearningasecondlanguage修飾

先行詞mostadults,who是關(guān)系代詞,在從句中作主語(yǔ)。下面我們一起來(lái)看另兒個(gè)例句:仔細(xì)聽(tīng)我的

分析!

a.Themanwho/thatwillgiveusatalkhascome.

b.IknowaladywhosehusbandisaNobelprizewinner.

c.She,sthegirlwho/whom/thatImetattheparty.

d.Iliveintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.

e.Didyoufindthebikethat/whichyoulost?

③would此時(shí)為助動(dòng)詞,表示“可能,將會(huì)”。

④需掌握的短語(yǔ):disagreewithsbabout/onsth

e.g.Hedisagreeswithhiswifeabouttheeducationoftheirson.

2.Theyneedhundredsofhoursofstudyandpractice***

hundredsof:幾百,當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million用作不確定數(shù)目時(shí),需用復(fù)數(shù)形式,并加介

詞of;當(dāng)它們用作確定的數(shù)目時(shí),不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

e.g.fivehundredpeople;hundredsofpeople

3.Languagelearningisdifferentfromotherkindsoflearning.

譯:語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)不同于其他種類的學(xué)習(xí)。短語(yǔ):bedifferentfrom:與…不同

4.Somepeoplewhoareveryintelligentandsuccessfulintheirfieldsfindit

difficulttosucceedinlanguagelearning.(*)

譯:有些人很聰明,在他們自己的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域很有成就,但發(fā)現(xiàn)很難成功地學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言。

①本句主語(yǔ)Somepeoplewhoareveryintelligentandsuccessfulintheirfields,謂語(yǔ)

find,賓語(yǔ)difficulttosucceedinlanguagelearning,it語(yǔ)法上稱作形式賓語(yǔ):當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí),

常將它移后在空出的位置上用it代替。

②包含定語(yǔ)從句whoareveryintelligentandsuccessfulintheirfields,修飾先行詞

somepeople,who在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。

③需掌握的習(xí)語(yǔ):beintelligentandsuccessfulinone'sfield;

succeedinsth/doingsth

5.Conversely,somepeoplewhoareverysuccessfullanguagelearnersfinditdifficult

tosucceedinotherfields.(相反地??,)

這句話意思和結(jié)構(gòu)與上句相似,口頭分析。

6.Languagelearningresearchshowsthatsuccessfullanguagelearnersaresimilarin

manyways.(*)

譯:語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)研究顯示成功的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者在許多方面都是相似的。

①本句主語(yǔ)Languagelearningresearch;謂語(yǔ):shows;賓語(yǔ):that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。在賓

語(yǔ)從句中successfullanguagelearners是主語(yǔ);are是系動(dòng)詞;similarinmanyways是表語(yǔ)

②重要短語(yǔ)besimilar(tosb/sth)insth在…方面與某人/某事相似

7.Insteadofwaitingfortheteacherstoexplain,theytrytofindthepatternsand

therulesforthemselves.(*)

譯:不是等這老師解釋,而是自己努力去發(fā)現(xiàn)各種句型和規(guī)則。

①I(mǎi)nsteadofwaitingfortheteacherstoexplain,介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),主語(yǔ):they;謂語(yǔ):

trytofind;賓語(yǔ):thepatternsandtherulesforthemselves

②介詞of后的動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞waiting

③短語(yǔ):insteadofsth;waitforsbtodosth;trytodosth;

8.Theyfindpeoplewhospeakthelanguageandtheyaskthesepeopletocorrectthem

whentheymakeamistake.(*)

譯:他們尋找說(shuō)這種語(yǔ)言的人,當(dāng)他們說(shuō)錯(cuò)時(shí)就請(qǐng)這些人幫助指正。

①這是一個(gè)由and連接的并列句,其中有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句whospeakthelanguage,修飾先行詞

people;有一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句whentheymakeamistake

②correct:v指正、糾正,短語(yǔ):makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤

9.Theyarenotafraidtorepeatwhattheyhearortosaystrangethings.

譯:他們不害怕重復(fù)他們聽(tīng)到的或說(shuō)一些奇怪的東西。

①whattheyhear是repeat的賓語(yǔ)從句

②afraid的用法:beafraidofsth;beafraidtodosth;beafraidthat從句

a.Sheisafraidtogooutaloneatnight.

b.Iamafraidofsnake.

c.He,safraidthathe'11belateforclass.

10.Whencommunicationisdifficult,theycanacceptinformationthatisinexactor

incomplete.

譯:當(dāng)交流困難時(shí),他們會(huì)接受不準(zhǔn)確或不完整的信息。

本句中包含一1個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Whencommunicationisdifficult,一1個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句thatis

inexactorincomplete,修飾先行詞information,在從句中that作主語(yǔ)。

11.It,smoreimportantforthemtolearntothinkinthelanguagethantoknowthe

meaningofeveryword.(*)

譯:對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō),學(xué)會(huì)用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言來(lái)思考比學(xué)會(huì)每個(gè)單詞的意思更重要。

①it作形式主語(yǔ),真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式tolearntothinkinthelanguage.原句語(yǔ)序應(yīng)是:

Forthemtolearntothinkinthelanguageismoreimportantthantoknowthemeaningof

everyword.

用形式主語(yǔ)的目的是因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ阶髦髡Z(yǔ)太長(zhǎng),為避免句子頭重腳輕,用it代替真正的主語(yǔ)。

e.g.FormanypeopletolearnEnglishwellisverydifficult.

二It'sverydifficultformanypeopletolearnEnglishwell

②短語(yǔ):learntodosth學(xué)會(huì)做…;moreimportantthan…更重要

12.It'snecessaryforthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththese

peopleandtolearnfromthem.

=Forthemtolearnthelanguageinordertocommunicatewiththesepeopleandto

learnfromthemarenecessary

譯:對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō),學(xué)會(huì)這種語(yǔ)言以便同這些人交流并向他們學(xué)習(xí)是非常必要的

①這句話較復(fù)雜,it作形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式是真正的主語(yǔ),inordertocommunicatewith

thesepeopleandtolearnfromthem我們稱作目的狀語(yǔ)

②短語(yǔ):inordertodosth;communicatewithsb;learnfromsb:向,,?學(xué)習(xí)

13.Theyfinditeasytopracticeusingthelanguageregularlybecausetheywantto

learnwithit.

譯:因?yàn)樗麄兿雽W(xué)會(huì)這種語(yǔ)言,所以他們發(fā)現(xiàn)不斷地練習(xí)實(shí)際應(yīng)用這種語(yǔ)言是容易的。

①it作形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)topracticeusingthelanguageregularly,原因狀語(yǔ)從句

becausetheywanttolearnwithit.

②practice是動(dòng)詞,英式英語(yǔ)拼寫(xiě)形式是practise,美式英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和名詞拼寫(xiě)都是practice.作動(dòng)

詞時(shí),后面只能用動(dòng)名詞,如:practicespeakingthelanguageeveryday.(4段2行)

14.Ifyouareasuccessfullanguagelearner,youhaveprobablybeenlearning

independently,actively,andpurposefully.(*)

譯:如果你是一名成功的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者,你大概一直在獨(dú)立地、主動(dòng)地、目的明確地學(xué)習(xí)。

①if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,主句中的havebeenleaning是動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示動(dòng)作從以

前開(kāi)始一直不間斷地進(jìn)行到現(xiàn)在。

②三個(gè)副詞:independently,actively,andpurposefully要會(huì)拼寫(xiě)。

15.ontheotherhand,ifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessful,you

mightdowelltotrysomeofthetechniquesoutlinedabove.

譯:另一方面來(lái)說(shuō),如果你的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)一直不太成功,你不妨試試上面提到的一些學(xué)習(xí)技巧。

?Ifyourlanguagelearninghasbeenlessthansuccessful是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

②短語(yǔ):ontheotherhand:另一方面來(lái)說(shuō);lessthansuccessful:不太成功;mightdo

welltodosth:表示種委婉語(yǔ)氣,不妨…,最好….

e.g.Youmightdowelltotakethedoctor,sadvice.

That'sallforthislecture,andletJscontinuetolearnthisunitnexttime.

Don'tforgettoreviewwhatwehavelearnt,ok,seeyouthen!

ThesecondlectureofCollegeEnglish

Hi,everyone!Areyousatisfiedwiththefirstlecture?Todaywe'11continueto

learnunitone.

I.Reviewsomethinginlectureone:

A.Usefulphrases:

1.disagreewith(2段1行);2.hundredsof(2段3行);3.bedifferentfrom…(3段1

行);4.succeedinsth…(3段3行);5.asmuchasyoucan(4段2行);6.practicedoing

sth(4段2行);7.trytodo…(4段4行);8.similarinsth…(5段2行);9.firstof

all(6段1行);10.dependon(6段2行);11.insteadofsth/doingsth(6段3行);12.wait

sbtodo…(6段3行);13.learnfromsth/sb(6段7行);14.makeamistake(7段4行);

15.beafraidtodo(7段5行);16.bewillingtodo…(7段6行);17.beinterested

insth(8段2行);18.inorderto(8段4行);19.communicatewithsb(8段

4行);20.ontheotherhand(9段3行);21.mightdowelltodosth(9

段4行)

B.Someimportantwords:

1.successful;2.disagree;3.statement;4.guarantee;5.intelligent;6.

conversely;7.similar;8.independent;9.conclusion;10.communicate;

communication;11.purpose,purposefully;12.regularly;13.technique;

14.outline.

C.Keytopartexercises:(frompage8to12)

一、課文練習(xí):

I.d,a,c,d,d;

II.1.task;2.intelligent;3.tudy;4.clue;5.conclusion;6.repeat;7.communication;

8.purpose;9.probably;10.outline

Ill.1.Insteadof;2.therefore;3.more???than;4.even;5.firstofall;6.because;

7.ontheotherhand;8.finally;9.lookingfor;10.conversely

W.L見(jiàn)課文;

2.Languagelearningisactivelearning.Learnersshouldtakeadvantageofevery

chancetousethelanguage.

3.Languagelearningshouldbeactive,independentandpurposeful.

4.見(jiàn)一講作業(yè)。

5.Theteachersoftenpassontheirsuccessfulexperienceinlanguagelearningto

us.

二、詞匯練習(xí):

I.1.2.4.見(jiàn)一講詞匯講解部分;3.cover:v覆蓋;uncover:v揭開(kāi),為cover的反義詞;

discover:v發(fā)現(xiàn),同義詞:find,習(xí)題答案為:covered;uncover;discovered

II.1.inexact;2.technique;3.outlined;4.communicate;5.regularly;6.clue;

7.intelligent;8.incomplter;9.similar;10.statement

III.1.disagree;2.independent;3.incomplete;4.inexact;5.uncover/discover

4,見(jiàn)一講作業(yè)3,4,5題。2見(jiàn)課文5.Weshouldlearnsomethingnewindependently,

activelyandpurposefully.

II.TextB:要求作一般了解,屬閱讀理解課文,對(duì)于textB的文章來(lái)說(shuō),雖然較A篇稍長(zhǎng),但

難度稍低,檢測(cè)閱讀結(jié)果的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是能夠獨(dú)立地完成課后的習(xí)題。

A.Somenewwords:

1.instance:asinglefact,event,example.彳列子、實(shí)彳列,

常用短語(yǔ)forinstance,例如。

2.waiter:apersonwhoservesfoodatthetablesinarestaurant(男性),

waitress女服務(wù)員、女招待

3.traveler:apersonwhogoesfromplacetoplace,esp.toafarawayplace

travel:v旅游

4.primitive:adj原始的:oftheearliesttimesoflifeorofman

5.exact反義詞inexact

6.consist;v短語(yǔ):consistof組成

e.g.Myclassconsistsof20students.

7.simply:adv,simpleadj簡(jiǎn)單的

B.Somelanguagepoints:

1.notonly-butalso…不但…而且,并列連詞。(連接兩個(gè)并列成分)

e.g.(1)Ihopetobenotonlyyourteacher,butalsoyourgoodfriend.

(2)???,wecandoitnotonlywiththehelpofwords,butalsoinmanyother

ways.

2.neither…nor:既不…也不,并列連詞,連接兩個(gè)并列成分。

e.g.(1)Autumnisagoodseason.It'sneitherhotnorcold.

(2)peoplewhocanneitherhearnorspeaktalktoeachotherwiththehelpof

theirfingers.

3.Heenteredarestaurantandsatatatable.(坐在桌旁)

4.inthisway:介詞短語(yǔ),用這種方法

e.g.IlearnEnglishbymyself.Inthisway,Ihavefinallygotthediplomaof

Englishmajor.

5.TheEnglishmanwhowasveryhungrybythistimeandnotatallthirstylooked

verysad.

a.本句包含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,whowasveryhungrybythistimeandnotatallthirsty修

飾先行詞TheEnglishmario

b.短語(yǔ):bythistime到此時(shí)為止;notatall根本不…

6.Wordsconsistofsounds,buttherearemanysoundswhichhaveameaningandyet

arenotwords.

譯:語(yǔ)言是由聲音組成的,但具有一定意義的聲音并不都是話語(yǔ)。

短語(yǔ):consistof,

句子結(jié)構(gòu)中包含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。

Keytothepartexercises:

page16:T,F,T,F,T,F,F,F,T,F.

Unit2

TextA:Taxes,Taxes,andMoreTaxes

Mainideaaboutthetext:weknowthatthetaxesintheUnitedStatesarethe

highestintheworld.Almosteveryoneneedpaytaxesonmanythings.Therearethree

levelsofgovernmentintheUnitedStates,sotherearethreetypesoftaxes;theyare

forthefederalgovernment,stategovernment,andcitygovernment.EvensomeAmericans

thinkthattheyareworkingonedayeachweekjusttopaytheirtaxes.

A.Newwords:

1.tax:n稅;vt對(duì)…征稅

a.Everycitizenhastherighttopaytaxtoourcountry.

b.Myincomeistaxedatsource.(我的收入已扣除了所得稅。)

2.generally:adv一般地、通常,同義詞:usually,常用語(yǔ):generallyspeaking,

generaladj

3.type:n類型、種類;v打字

a.Whattypeofteadoyouprefer?Greentea.

b.Shetypedtheletterquicklyandwell.

4.salary:n工資,salaried:adj拿工資的

5.earn:v掙錢(qián)、賺錢(qián),earningsn賺得的錢(qián)

6.percentage:n百分比、百分率;percentn前用數(shù)詞(*)

a.Morethantenpercentofthestudentsdidn,tcometoday.

b.Alargepercentageofschoolbooksnowhavepictures.

c.Iamahundredpercentsurethathewillcome.

7.vary:v變化、改變;variedadj有變化的、多樣的(*)

a.Holidayjobsaremanyandvaried.

b.peoplevaryverymuchintheirideasofmanythings.(注意介詞in的用法)

c.pricesoffruitvaryfromseasontoseason.

8.sale:n出售,sellv出售

9.charge:v收費(fèi)、控告

a.Howmuchdoyouchargeforrepairingmyshoes?

b.Hewaschargedwiththeguiltyofmurder.

10.addition:n加法、附加物;addv增加;additionaladj額外的、增加的(*)

a.Shealwaysaddssugartohertea.

b.Heearned1000dollarsinadditiontohissalary.

c.Wewillneedadditionalhelptodothework.

11.confuse:v使7昆舌L、混淆;confused,confusingadj;confusionn(*)

a.Ifyoutrytolearntoomanythingsatatime,youmaygetconfused.

b.Thisisaconfusingwordbecauseithastwomeanings.

c.Doyouthinkthiswillcausemuchconfusion?

d.Theyconfusedmebyaskingsomanyquestions.

11.complain:v抱怨,常跟介詞of,about,complaint:n抱怨、投訴(*)

a.Studentsalwayscomplainabouttoomuchhomework.

b.Shecomplainedthattheexamwastoohard.

c.Heusedtocomplainbitterlyofhisbadmemory.(訴說(shuō)有病)

d.Thereisnoreasonforcomplaint.

12.useless:adj無(wú)用的,反義詞useful;carefulcareless;helpfulhelpless;

hopeful->hopelessetc.

13.impractical:adj不切實(shí)際的,反義詞practical;practicev實(shí)踐、實(shí)際

14.program:n計(jì)劃、節(jié)目、程序;v編程序

15.tend:v易于、傾向于,tendencyn趨勢(shì)、傾向

a.peopletendtogetfatastheygrowolder.

b.pricescontinuetoshowanupwardtendency.(物價(jià)呈持續(xù)上升趨勢(shì)。)

B.Intensivereading:

1.Americansoftensaythatthereareonlytwothingsapersoncanbesureofin

life:deathandtaxes.(*)

譯:美國(guó)人常說(shuō),一個(gè)人一生中只有兩件事可以肯定會(huì)發(fā)生:死亡和納稅。

分析:主語(yǔ):Americans;謂語(yǔ):say;that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,還包含有一個(gè)省略了關(guān)聯(lián)代詞

的定語(yǔ)從句,apersoncanbesureinlife修飾twothings.

當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),??墒÷?。

e.g.1>.Thewatchthat/which/省略Ifoundinthelibraryishis.(why?)

2>.Thegirlwho/whom/that/省略youmetatthepartyismysister.

請(qǐng)?jiān)囍g句子:

1你一直在找的那個(gè)人來(lái)了。

2昨天我媽給我的錢(qián)已經(jīng)被偷走了。

Answer:

1.Themanwho/whom/that/省略youhavebeenlookingforhascome.

2.Themoneythat/which/省略mymothergavemeyesterdaywasstolen.

短語(yǔ);besureof:對(duì)…確信、確定

e.g.Wecanbesureofhishonesty.

2.Americansdon,thaveacorneronthedeathmarket,butmanypeoplefeelthat

theUnitedStatesleadstheworldwiththeworsttaxes.(*)

譯:美國(guó)人并不壟斷“死亡”市場(chǎng),但很多人感到美國(guó)卻以最重的賦稅在世界上名列前茅。

短語(yǔ):haveacorneronsomething:壟斷…;leadwith因…領(lǐng)先

e.g.Chinaleadstheworldwithhersilkproducts.

3.Withthehighcostoftaxes,peoplearenotveryhappyonApril15,whenthe

federaltaxesaredue.

譯:由于高額的稅款,每年4月15日人們很不開(kāi)心,因?yàn)檫@一天是上繳聯(lián)邦稅款的日子。

分析:Withthehighcostoftaxes,介詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ),with=becauseof,由于…,

whenthefederaltaxesaredue是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾onApril15。When叫關(guān)系副

詞。

Where,when,why是定語(yǔ)從句中的三個(gè)關(guān)系副詞,分別在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、

原因狀語(yǔ)。

a.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn,(where=inwhich)

b.I'11neverforgetthedaywhenIenteredthecollege,(when=onwhich)

c.pleasetellmethereasonwhyyouarealwayslateformyclass,(why=forwhich)

另外,若定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)稱為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。它對(duì)先行詞只是進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)

充說(shuō)明,刪除后不會(huì)影響整個(gè)句子的基本語(yǔ)意,譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)一般單獨(dú)翻譯。

4.Somestateshaveanincometaxsimilartothatofthefederalgovernment.(*)

譯:有些洲有與聯(lián)邦政府類似的個(gè)人所得稅。

分析:代詞that指anincometax,英文中兩個(gè)進(jìn)行比較的事物必須是平等的,如在口語(yǔ)中我

們可說(shuō)“北京的天氣比廣州干燥”,但譯為英語(yǔ)不能寫(xiě)成:TheweatherinBeijingisdrierthan

Guangzhou,(x)城市不能和天氣進(jìn)行比較,要改為:TheweatherinBeijingisdrierthanthatin

Guangzhou.(J)

5.otherstateshaveasalestax,whichisapercentagechargedtoanyitemwhich

youbuyinthatstate.(*)

譯:其他洲征收銷售稅,對(duì)你在該洲所買(mǎi)的任何商品征收一定比例的稅。

分析:包含有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,whichisapercentagechargedtoanyitemwhichyoubuy

inthatstate是非限定定語(yǔ)從句,修飾asalestax。其中還含有另一個(gè)限定定語(yǔ)從句whichyou

buyinthatstate修飾先行詞anyitem,chargedto表示“向…征收"charged過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)修

飾apercentage.

6.Somestatesuseincometaxinadditiontosalestaxtoraisetheirrevenues.(*)

譯:有些洲除了征收銷售稅,還征收個(gè)人所得稅來(lái)增加稅收。

短語(yǔ):inadditionto除…還有…(+)

e.g.Weneedfatandproteininadditiontovitamininourdiet,

raisetheirrevenue:增加稅收。

7.Theyoftenprotestthatthegovernmentusestheirtaxdollarsinthewrongway.

Theysaythatitspendstoomuchonuselessandimpracticalprograms.

譯:他們經(jīng)常抗議政府對(duì)他們交納的稅金使用不當(dāng)。他們認(rèn)為政府在一些沒(méi)用或不切實(shí)際的項(xiàng)

目上花錢(qián)太多。

短語(yǔ):usesthinthewrongway,錯(cuò)誤地使用…,

spendsthonsth在,?,花費(fèi),或spendsthindoingsth.

e.g.MothersayshespendstoomuchtimeinwatchingTVeveryday.

8.AlthoughAmericanshavedifferentviewsonmanyissues,theytendtoagreeonone

subject:taxesaretoohigh.(*)

譯:盡管美國(guó)人在許多問(wèn)題上有不同的觀點(diǎn),但他們往往在這一點(diǎn)上達(dá)成共識(shí):稅收太高。

短語(yǔ):havedifferentviewsonsth對(duì)…有不同觀點(diǎn),tendto通常,agreeonsth同意某

事,同意某人:agreewithsb;同意做某事:agreetodosth.

III.Summaryabouttheimportantphrases:

1.besureof(1段2行);2.haveacorneronsth(l段2行);3.leadwith(l段4行);

4.consistof(2段1行);5.dependon(3段3行);6.thatis(3段4行);7.besimilarto(4段

3行);8.inadditionto(4段10行);3publicworks(5段4行);10.municipalbuildings(5段5

行);11.complainabout(6段3行);12.usesthinthewrongway(6段3-4行);13.spend…on(6

段4-5行);14.tendon(6段6行);15.agreeon(6段6行)

The3rdlectureofCollegeEnglishone:

I,Keytopartexercisesfrompage39to43:

一、課文練習(xí):

I.a,c,a,a,c

III.1.due;2.dependson;3.diverse;4.consistedof;5.similar;6.tendsto;

7.complainingabout;8.iadditionto;9.issue;

10.agreeon

IV.1.Howmuchdoyouchargeforahaircut?

2.WearetryingtoraisefundsfortheRedCross.

3.Heearnedagoodreputationforhonesty.

4.Wepaytaxesinexchangeforgovernmentservices.

5.Anopenletterprotestedgovernment?sforeignpolicy.

二、詞匯練習(xí):

I見(jiàn)2講講課內(nèi)容。

II.1.charge;2.department;3.due;4.diverse;5.earns;6.vary;7.property;

8.leading;9.fund;10.tends

II.TextB:

It'saboutadvertisement.Insuchasociety,wecanseeadvertisementeveryday.

SomearefromTV,somearefromradio,somearefromnewspaper,andothersarefrom

magazinesandevenInternet.Whenyoufindsomanyadshavepenetratedintoallthe

cornersofourlife,thendoyouthinkit'sgoodorbad?Nowlet'sfindsomethingfrom

ourtext.

A.Newwords:

1.advertise:v做廣告、登廣告;advertisement:n縮寫(xiě)ad;advertisingcompany廣告公

司;advertiser:n登廣告的人

2.attract:v吸引;attraction:n吸引力;attractive:adj吸引人的

3.design:v設(shè)計(jì);designer設(shè)計(jì)師

4.persuade:v勸說(shuō),常用習(xí)語(yǔ):persuadesbtodosth

5.leisure:n空暇、悠閑,atleisure有空,清閑。

6.classified:a分類的;classifyv分類

7.edition:n版本,apaperbackedition(平裝版),arareedition(珍藏版),a

deluxeedition(精裝版),arevisededition(修訂版);edit:v;editor:n

8.entertainment:n娛樂(lè)、款待

9.audience:n觀眾、聽(tīng)眾。

10.characteristic:a典型的;n特性、特征

11.commercial:adj商業(yè)的;n商業(yè)廣告;commercen商業(yè)。

12.responsible:a有責(zé)任的;responsibilityn責(zé)任

13.particular:a特定的

14.estimate:n/v估計(jì)、評(píng)價(jià)

15.management:n管理、經(jīng)營(yíng);manage:v管理;manager:n經(jīng)理

16.approve:v贊成、同意、毛匕準(zhǔn);approval:n

17.involve:v牽涉、卷入,beinvolvedinsth;involvement:n

B.Somedifficultsentences:

1.Advertisingisonlypartofthetotalsaleseffort,butit'sthepartthat

attractsthemostattention.

譯:廣告僅僅是整個(gè)銷售活動(dòng)的一部分,但就是這部分最能吸引人們的注意力。

注意本句的主語(yǔ)advertising是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),表示登廣告。再如:

playingfootballismyfavoritesport.

短語(yǔ):attractone'sattention吸引某人的注意力。

2.Voicesandmusichavebeenaddedtocolorandpicturestocatchtheearaswell

astheeye.(*)

譯:色彩和畫(huà)面配上聲音和音樂(lè),既好看又好聽(tīng)。

重點(diǎn)掌握短語(yǔ):1>.addsthtosth加…到…,

e.g.Idon'tlikeaddmilkto/intomycoffee.

2>.catchtheear,catchtheeye:吸引耳朵,吸引眼睛

3>.aswellas:也,除了…還有…(+)

e.g.IlikeChineseaswellasEnglish.

3.Televisionadsareshort,buttheyarerepeatedoverandoveragainsothatthe

audienceseesandhearsthemmanytimes.(*)

譯:電視廣告時(shí)間很短,但它們被反復(fù)播放,可以使觀眾看聽(tīng)許多遍。

短語(yǔ):overandoveragain一遍又~1遍;sothat=inorderthat表目的;

audience:稱作集體名詞,當(dāng)單形集體名詞被看作一個(gè)整體時(shí),具有單數(shù)概念;被看作若干個(gè)個(gè)

體時(shí),具有復(fù)數(shù)概念。像這樣的名詞有:family,government,class,staffetc.

a.Hisfamilyisabigoneinourcity.

b.Hisfamilyareveryfriendlytous.

c.Theaudienceisquietwhentheconcertison.

d.TheaudiencelikeHarryportterverymuch.

C.Usefulphrases:

1.attractone'sattention(l段2行);2.naturalenough(1段2行);3.forthemost

part(1段6行);4.persuadesbtodosth(l段7行);5.alargeamountofsth(3段1行);6.be

characteristicofsth(3段7行);7.catchtheeye(3段8行);8.nomorethan(3段9行);

9.idebtitywithsth(3段10行);10.addto(4段2行);11.catchtheear(4段3行:);12.over

andoveragain(4段4行);13.sothat(4段5行);14.putupwith(4段7行);15.millionsof(4

段8行);16.beresponsibleforsth/sb(5段1行);17.decideonsth(5段2行);18.makean

estimateofsth(5段4行);19.beinvolvedinsth(5段6行);20.aswellas(4段3行);

21.carryover(4段1行)

D.Keytosomeexercises:

I.page49:T,F,F,T,T,T,T,F,T,F.

詞匯練習(xí):52

I.e,b,c,d,a

II.1.attracts;2.leisure;3.available;4.limited;5.estimate

III.1.decidedon;2.approved;3.estimate;4.carriedover;5.putupwith;

6.characteristicof

IV.B,C,B,A,C,D.

Unit3

TextA:TheAtlanticocean

Intheearth,therearefouroceans:thepacificocean,theAtlanticocean,the

Indianocean,andtheArcticocean.TheAtlanticoceanisn,tthebiggestinarea,but

thereareothertwothingsthatmakeitveryunusual.Doyouwanttoknowwhattheyare,

andthenpleasereadthetextverycarefully?Andfromthepastexamsthetextisvery

important.

A.Newwords:

1.sailor:n水手、海員;sail:v航海,n航海、帆(*)

a.HehassailedforNewYork.

b.Heisagoodsailorandseldomgetssickduringstormsatsea.

c.Howmanydays'sailisitfromTianjintoDalian?

2.unwilling:a不情愿的,反義詞willing:愿意的,常用短語(yǔ):bewillingtodo…,be

unwillingtodo???;副詞:unwillingly,willingly;名詞:will意愿、意志。(*)

a.Heishappywiththepriceandwillingtopay.

b.Thechildalwaysdoeshishomeworkunwillingly,sohehasn'tmademuchprogress.

c.Sheisillandunwillingtogooutwithus.

3.unusual:a不尋常的、與眾不同的,反義詞:usual,副詞:usually(*)

a.Youngpeopleshouldnotwearunusualclothes.

b.Hewenttotownasusual

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論