賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(基礎(chǔ)講解)

賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(基礎(chǔ)講解)賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(基礎(chǔ)講解)頁(yè)賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(基礎(chǔ)講解)賓語(yǔ)從句的用法(基礎(chǔ)講解)賓語(yǔ)從句的用法【真題再現(xiàn)】1.—Couldyoutellme _________?【2012廣東】—Certainly.Inhalfanhour.A.whenwillthehighspeedtrainarriveB.whenthehighspeedtrainwillarriveC.whenwouldthehighspeedtrainarriveD.whenthehighspeedtrainwouldarrive2.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______togettothepostoffice?【2012廣西玉林】—Certainly.TheNo.15bus.A.whichbusIshouldtakeB.IshouldtakewhichbusC.shouldItakewhichbusD.whichbusshouldItake3.Ithink_____notdifficult_____Englisheverymorning．【2012貴州安順】A.that;keepreading B．it’s;keepreadingC.that;tokeepreading D．it;tokeepreading4.Doyouknow_________Zunyiornottomorrow?【2012黔西南】A.whetheraretheyleavingforB.whethertheyareleavingforC.iftheyareleavingforD.ifaretheyleavingfor5.Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboy______. 【2012貴州安順】A．wheredidhelive B．wherehelived C．wherehelives D．wheredoeshelives 6.—Showmethemap,please.Iwonder____________.【2012福建福州】—Look,it'shere,intheeastofChina,nearTaiwanProvince.A.whereisDiaoyuIslandB.whereDiaoyuIslandisC.whatisDiaoyuIslandlike7.—Couldyoutellme_____hecamehere?【2012安徽省】—Hedroveherehimself.A.how B.why C.when D.whether8.—Canyoutellme____theprize,Tom?【2012北京】—Lastyear.A.whenyougot B.whendidyougetC.whenwillyouget D.whenyouwillget【用法講解】考試要求：賓語(yǔ)從句在中考中是重點(diǎn)考查內(nèi)容，主要考查知識(shí)包括賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序及賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)及否定遷移等。1.賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在復(fù)合句子中，作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：Iwanttoknowwhosebookthisis.我想知道這是誰(shuí)的書(shū)。賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三種：1）that；2）whether/if；3）特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/when/where/who等。例如：Hesaidthathecouldhelpme.他說(shuō)他能夠幫助我。Yourmotheraskedifyoucouldfinishyourworkthisweek.你媽媽問(wèn)這個(gè)星期你能否完成工作。Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin？你能告訴我運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始嗎？(1)以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一般都是由陳述句充當(dāng)，引導(dǎo)詞that沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，不在從句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且從句成分齊全，句意完整。Doyouthink(that)itwillrain?你認(rèn)為天會(huì)下雨嗎？Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.他說(shuō)他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)的。(2)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：從屬連詞if,whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，變成從句后，語(yǔ)序由原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序變成陳述語(yǔ)序。whether和if意為“是否”。Letusknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。Idon’tcarewhetheryoulikethestoryornot.我不在乎你是否喜歡這個(gè)故事。注意：以下情況一般只用whether不用if。1)接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogotothezoo.她不知道是不是去動(dòng)物園。2)與ornot連用時(shí)。I’mnotsurewhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)，我說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。(3)特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/when/where/who等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：此類(lèi)賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成賓語(yǔ)從句后要用陳述語(yǔ)序，由wh-開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。包括who,whom,whose,what,which等連接代詞和where,when,how,why等連接副詞，這些引導(dǎo)詞有各自的意思，在從句中要作相應(yīng)的成分，不能省略。例如：Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?請(qǐng)問(wèn)我們得走哪個(gè)門(mén)？Hedidn’ttellmehowlonghewouldstayhere.他沒(méi)有告訴我他要在這里呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。2.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序由whether/if和特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序改成陳述語(yǔ)序時(shí)注意相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞的變化等。Wheredoesyourfatherwork?Canyoutellus?→Canyoutelluswhereyourfatherworks?你能告訴我們你爸爸在哪里工作嗎？Didyougethomeverylate?Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIgothomeverylate.他問(wèn)我是否到家很晚。3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)(1)如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用各種時(shí)態(tài)。Myteachersayshewillbebackinaweek.（一般將來(lái)時(shí)）我的老師說(shuō)他將在一個(gè)星期后回來(lái)。MyteachersaysheiswatchingTV.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）我的老師說(shuō)他正在看電視。Myteachersayshehasseenthemovie.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）我的老師說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。(2）如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。MyfathersaidhewaswatchingTVatthattime.（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）我爸爸說(shuō)在那個(gè)時(shí)候他在看電視。Myfathersaidthehehadalreadyseenthemovie.（過(guò)去完成時(shí)）我爸爸說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。注意：如果賓語(yǔ)從句是表示客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）我們的老師告訴我們太陽(yáng)比地球大多了。4.賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移主句如果是Ithink/believe/imagine/suppose/guess/expect等，從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，其反意疑問(wèn)句與從句一致。例如：Idon’tthinkthey’llwaittothelastminute，willthey？我認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)等到最后一分鐘，他們會(huì)嗎？Idon’tbelievehedidthis,didhe?我相信他不會(huì)做這樣的事，他會(huì)嗎？【鞏固練習(xí)】I．單項(xiàng)選擇。1．—Doyouknow______theCapitalMuseum?—NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisitB．whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisitD．whentheyvisited2．Hewantedtoknow_______theEnglishparty.A．whenwillwehaveB．whenwewillhaveC．whenwouldwehaveD．whenweshouldhave3．Iwanttoknow________．A．whenweshouldarriveattheairportB．whenshouldwearriveattheairportC．whentheairportweshouldarriveatD．whentheairportshouldwearriveat4．—David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme______?—Heisadoctor.A．WhoisheB．whoheisC．whatisheD．whatheis5.Idon’tknowwhen_____.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave6.Doyouknowwhat_____withJim?A.iswrongB.wrongisC.wrongwasD.thematteris7.－Iwanttoknow_____.－Whynotgotothepark?A.whereIcangoforapicnicB.wherecanIgoforapicnicC.whatIcangoforapicnicD.whatcanIgoforapicnic8.Idon’tthinkheisright,______?A.doIB.isn’theC.isheD.don’tI9.Theteacherdidn’tsayyouwouldcome,_____?A.wouldyouB.wouldn’tyouC.didsheD.didn’tyou10.Doyouknow______daughtersheis?A.whoseB.whomC.whatD.who11.Theywonderediftheteacher______themsomeEnglishsongsthenextweek.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taught12.HeaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisit13.Hetoldme______ParisisthecapitalofFrance.A.whichB.theC.thatD.what14.Heaskedme______duringthesummerholiday.A.whereIhadgoneB.whereIhadbeenC.wherehadIgoneD.wherehadIbeen15.I'mnotsurewhether______tomorrow.A.theywillarriveB.willtheyarriveC.theyarriveD.theyhavearrivedII.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用賓語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全下列句子。1.我不知道為什么她如此著迷Appleiphone4s。Idon’tknow_______________Appleiphone4s.2.我們給了她一些建議，但不知道她是否會(huì)接受。We’vegivenhersomeadvice,butIdon’tknow_______________.3.作為社會(huì)的一員，我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力做我們應(yīng)該做的。Associetymembers,weshouldtryourbesttodo______________.4.——請(qǐng)你告訴我怎么到中山公園好嗎？——好的。你可以坐公交車(chē)去那?！狢ouldyoutellme______________________?—Yes,youcangotherebybus.5.——湯姆在紐約呢還是已經(jīng)回家了？——對(duì)不起，我不確信是否他已經(jīng)回來(lái)?！狪sTomstillinNewYorkoralreadybackathome?—Sorry，I’mnotsure___________________.賓語(yǔ)從句的用法【鞏固練習(xí)】I．單項(xiàng)選擇。1．—Doyouknow______theCapitalMuseum?—NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisitB．whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisitD．whentheyvisited2．Hewantedtoknow_______theEnglishparty.A．whenwillwehaveB．whenwewillhaveC．whenwouldwehaveD．whenweshouldhave3．Iwanttoknow________．A．whenweshouldarriveattheairportB．whenshouldwearriveattheairportC．whentheairportweshouldarriveatD．whentheairportshouldwearriveat4．—David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme______?—Heisadoctor.A．WhoisheB．whoheisC．whatisheD．whatheis5.Idon’tknowwhen_____.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave6.Doyouknowwhat_____withJim?A.iswrongB.wrongisC.wrongwasD.thematteris7.－Iwanttoknow_____.－Whynotgotothepark?A.whereIcangoforapicnicB.wherecanIgoforapicnicC.whatIcangoforapicnicD.whatcanIgoforapicnic8.Idon’tthinkheisright,______?A.doIB.isn’theC.isheD.don’tI9.Theteacherdidn’tsayyouwouldcome,_____?A.wouldyouB.wouldn’tyouC.didsheD.didn’tyou10.Doyouknow______daughtersheis?A.whoseB.whomC.whatD.who11.Theywonderediftheteacher______themsomeEnglishsongsthenextweek.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taught12.HeaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisit13.Hetoldm