2022年浙江省麗水市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)

2022年浙江省麗水市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Fromtheadvertisement,wecaninferthatifyonjointheclub,yourfigure______.

2.

Achildwithstrongsocialskillsmaybedifficulttogetalongwith.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.What'sabetterteachingmethod?

JimMunch'sexperience

LASTspring,whenhewasonlyasophomore,JimMunchreceivedaplaquehonoringhimastopscoreronthehighschoolmathteamhere.Hewentontoearnthehighestmarkpossible,a5,onanAdvancedPlacementexamincalculus.Hisambitionistobecomeatheoreticalmathematician.

SoJimmighthaveseemedtheveritablesymbolforthenewmathcurriculuminstalledoverthelastsevenyearsinthisambitious,educatedsuburbofRochester.Sinceseventhgrade,hehadbeentakingthe"constructivist"or"inquiry"program,sonamedbecauseitemphasizespupils'constructingtheirownknowledgethroughaprocessofreasoning.

Jim,however,placedthecreditelsewhere.Hisparents,anengineerandaneducator,covertlytutoredhimintraditionalmath.Severalteachers,intheprivacyoftheirownclassrooms,contravenedtheofficialcurriculumtoteachtheproblem-solvingformulasthatconstructivistmathdenigratesasmindlessmemorization.

"Mywholeexperienceinmaththelastfewyearshasbeenastruggleagainsttheprogram,"Jimsaidrecently."WhateverI'veachieved,I'veachievedinspiteofit.Kidsdonotdobetterlearningmaththemselves.There'sareasonwegotoschool,whichisthatthere'ssomeonesmarterthanuswithsomethingtoteachus."

Theconstructivistmath

Suchexperiencesandemotionshaveburstintopublicdiscussionandnosmallamountofrancor(怨恨)inthelasteightmonthsinPenfield.Thiscommunityof35000hasbecomeoneofthemostobviousfrontsinthenationwidemathwars,whichhaveflaredfromCaliforniatoPittsburghtotheformerDistrict2ontheUpperEastSideofManhattan,pittingprogressivesagainsttraditionalists,withnothinglessthanAmerica'seducationalandeconomiccompetitivenessatstake.

Intheseplacesandothers,groupsofparentshavecondemnedconstructivistmathforplayingdownsuchbasiccomputationaltoolsasborrowing,carrying,placevalue,algorithms,multiplicationtablesandlongdivision,whileoftenintroducingcalculatorsintotheclassroomasearlyasfirstorsecondgrade.SuchcriticismhasrunheadlongintothecelebrationofconstructivismbytheNationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematicsandsuchleadingteacher-traininginstitutionsastheBankStreetCollegeofEducation.

ThestrifehastakenonaparticularintensityhereinPenfield,perhaps,becausethetownincludesanunusuallylargeshareofengineersandscientists,becauseoftheproximity(接近)ofcompanieslikeXerox,KodakandBausch&Lomb.Skilledthemselvesinmath,theyhaverefusedtoacceptthepremisethatinnovationmeansimprovement,andintheirownhouseholdstheyhaveseenevidencetothecontrary.

ForJoeHoover,theepiphanycametwoyearsagowhenhetookhisdaughter,Kathryn,theninsixthgrade,tolunchatMcDonald'sandrealizedshecouldnotcomputethecorrectchangefortheirmealfroma＄20bill.

ForClaudiaLioy,itwasseeingherdaughter,Iris,theninthirdgrade,ploddingthroughamultiplicationproblembycounting23groupsoffourapples.WhenMrs.LioypleadedwithIris'steachersimplytoshowtheclassatimestable,theteacherreplied,"Butthat'sdrill-and-kill."

ForBenLee,itwashavinghisteenagedaughter,Oliviatryingtoanswerprobabilityproblemsbyamethodcalled"guessandcheck"--untilhepulledouthisown10thgrademathbooktoinstructherabouttheappropriateformula.

"Idon'tmindhavingkidsappreciatewhattheylearn,"saidMr.Lee,anengineerwhonowworksasapurchasingagentforKodak."Butit'scrazytomakeakidspendanighttryingtosolveaproblemwiththeserudimentaryandfeebletools."

Requestsformoretraditionalmath

Bylastspring,theseparentshaddiscoveredoneanother

A.YB.NC.NG

4.Asthebandwidthincreasedto550MHz,thenumberofTVchannelsincreasedby______comparedwiththeearlycablesystems.

A.24B.33C.58D.91

5.

Organicagriculturecontributestoslowingdowntheglobaltemperatureincreasethroughitsabilityto___________________.

6.

Thispassagetoldustheexperiencesof______captains'narrowescapes.

7.Fishes

Thetermfishisappliedtoavarietyofcold-bloodedaquaticvertebratesofseveralevolutionarylines.Fishsharecertainfeatureswithothervertebrates.Thesefeaturesaregillslits(鰓裂)atsomepointinthelifecycle,anotochord(脊索),orskeletalsupportingrod,adorsalhollownervecord,andatail.

Thestudyoffishes,thescienceofichthyology(魚類學(xué)),isofbroadimportance.Therearemanyreasonswhyfishesareofinteresttohumans;themostimportantistheirrelationshipwithanddependenceontheenvironment.Amoreobviousreasonforinterestinfishesistheirroleasamoderatebutimportantpartoftheworld'sfoodsupply.Thisresource,oncethoughtunlimited,isnowrealizedtobefiniteandindelicatebalancewiththebiological,chemical,andphysicalfactorsoftheaquaticenvironment.Overfishing,pollution,andalterationoftheenvironmentarethechiefenemiesofproperfisheriesmanagement,bothinfreshwatersandintheocean.

Anotherpracticalreasonforstudyingfishesistheiruseindiseasecontrol.Aspredatorsonmosquitolarvae,theyhelpcurbmalariaandothermosquitobornediseases.Fishesarevaluablelaboratoryanimalsinmanyaspectsofmedicalandbiologicalresearch.Forexample,thereadinessofmanyfishestoacclimatetocaptivityhasallowedbiologiststostudybehaviour,physiology,andevenecologyunderrelativelynaturalconditions.Fisheshavebeenespeciallyimportantinthestudyofanimalbehaviourwhereresearchonfisheshasprovidedabroadbasefortheunderstandingofthemoreflexiblebehaviourofthehighervertebrates.

Thereareaestheticandrecreationalreasonsforaninterestinfishes.Millionsofpeoplekeeplivefishesinhomeaquariumsforthesimplepleasureofobservingthebeautyandbehaviourofanimalsotherwiseunfamiliartothem.Tomany,aquariumfishesprovideapersonalchallenge,allowingthemtotesttheirabilitytokeepasmallsectionofthenaturalenvironmentintheirhomes.Sportfishingisanotherwayofenjoyingthenaturalenvironment,alsoindulgedinbymillionsofpeopleeveryyear.Interestinaquariumfishesandsportfishingsupportmultimilliondollarindustriesthroughouttheworld.

Fisheshavebeeninexistenceformorethan450,000,000years,duringwhichtimetheyhaveevolvedrepeatedlytofitintoalmosteveryconceivabletypeofaquatichabitat.Inasense,landvertebratesaresimplyhighlymodifiedfishes,forwhenfishescolonizedthelandhabitattheybecametetrapod(四足的)landvertebrates.Thepopularconceptionofafishasaslippery,streamlinedaquaticanimalthatpossessesfinsandbreathesbygillsappliestomanyfishes,butfarmorefishesdeviatefromthatconceptionthanconform.toit.Forexample,thebodyiselongateinmanyformsandgreatlyshortenedinothers;thebodyisflattenedinsome(principallyinbottom-dwellingfishes)andlaterallycompressedinmanyothers;thefinsmaybeelaboratelyextended,formingintricateshapes,ortheymaybereducedorevenlost;andthepositionsofthemouth,eyes,nostrils,andgillopeningsvarywidely.Airbreathershaveappearedinseveralevolutionarylines.

Manyfishesarecrypticallycolouredandshaped,closelymatchingtheirrespectiveenvironments;othersareamongthemostbrilliantlycolouredofallorganisms,withawiderangeofhues,oftenofstrikingintensity,onasingleindividual.Thebrillianceofpigmentsmaybeenhancedbythesurfacestructureofthefish,sothatitalmostseemstoglow.Anumberofunrelatedfisheshaveactuallight-producingorgans.Manyfishesareabletoaltertheircoloration,someforthepurposeofcamouflage,othersfortheenhancementofbehavioralsignals.

Fishesrangeinadultlengthfromlessthan10millimetrestomorethan20metresandinweightfromabout1.5gramstomanythousandsofkilogr

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Ifyouknowtheinterestofrecruiter,thenyoucanavoidalotofmistakes.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Whatdoyouknowabout“powerwalking”fromthepassage?

A.Itisakindwalkingpeopledointhepark.

B.Itmayburnmorecaloriesthanrunning.

C.Peoplewalkveryfasttobreakintoarun.

D.Thiskindofwalkingsetsapaceforrunning.

10.

Anotherwayofsolvingthepronounproblemistouse______insteadofthesingular.

11.

Thedevelopmentoftechnologyisspeedingupthepaceofchangesintheworkplace.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Ifyouhaveafever,youmuststayinbed.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Oneinnovativeproposalproposedbysomeexpertsisproviding______for25,000qualifiedundergraduatestudents.

14.

ThankstotheEuropeananti-GMfoodcampaign,anofficialstoppingofthegrowthandimportofGMcropswasresultedinEurope.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

OsierwasafamousscholarinEnglishliteratureaswellasagreatphysician.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Alternativesentencingisnowpracticedin______siatesandisspreadingfast.

17.

Itis______thatattractventlife.

18.

Accordingtothefirstrule,highexecutivepayis______.

A.nothingbutaproblemconcerninggovernance

B.duetotheabusesofpower

C.unrelatedwithbosses'decisions

D.providedformanagerssothatitwouldharmcompanies

19.

Vioxxisakindofdiseasetocureheartdiseaseandiswithdrawnfromthemarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.Whichoneisthemostseriouseffectofchronicworkstressaccordingtothepassage?

A.Harassment.B.Violence.C.Heartburden.D.Karoushi.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(34)

A.Wavedtheirhands.

B.Shoutandcried.

C.Wavedtheirshirts.

D.Madeafire.

22.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Torunthecommitteehisway.

B.Tomakehimselfthecommitteechairman.

C.Todowhateverthecommitteeaskshimto.

D.Tomakedecisionsinagreementwiththecommittee.

23.(35)

A.PeopleknowalmostnothingaboutShakespeare'searlylife.

B.ShakespearewasalreadywellknownbeforehewenttoLondon.

C.PeopleknowalotaboutShakespeare'slifeinLondon.

D.PeopleknowonlyalittleaboutShakespeare'slifeinLondon.

24.

【B11】

25.(24)

A.Becauseshewantstostudyforatest.

B.Becauseshewantstogoswimmingatthestudentcenter.

C.Becauseshehastodoresearchinthelibrary.

D.Becausesheisnotinterestedintheman.

26.聽力原文：W:Dr.Jones,howexactlywouldyoudefineeccentricity?

M:Well,weallhaveourownparticularhabitswhichothersfindirritatingoramusing,butaneccentricissomeonewhobehavesinatotallydifferentmannerfromthoseinthesocietyinwhichhelives.

W:Whenyoutalkabouteccentricity,areyoureferringmainlytomattersofappearance?

M:Notspecifically,no.Therearemanyotherways-inwhicheccentricityisdisplayed.Forinstance,someindividualsliketoleavetheirmarksonthisearthwithstrangebuildings.Othershavethecraziestdesireswhichinfluencetheirwholewayoflife.

W:Canyougivemeanexample?

M:Certainly.OnethatimmediatelyspringstomindwasaVictoriansurgeonbythenameofBuckland.Beingagreatanimalloverheusedtosharehishouseopenlywiththestrangestcreatures,includingsnakes,bears,rats,monkeysandeagles.

W:Thatmusthavebeenquitedangerousattimes.Doesoneofthesestandoutinyourmindatall?

M:Yes,Isupposethiscenturyhasproducedoneofthemostfamousones:theAmericanbillionaire,HowardHughes.

W:Buthewasn'tarecluseallhislife,washe?

M:That'scorrect.Infact,hewasjusttheoppositeinhisyoungerdays.HewasarichyoungmanwholovedtheHollywoodsocietyofhisday.Buthebegantodisappearforlongperiodswhenhegrewtiredofhighliving.Finally,nobodywasallowedtotouchhisfoodandhewouldwraphishandinatissuebeforepickinganythingup.Hedidn'tevenallowabarbertogonearhimtoooftenandhishairandbeardgrewdowntohiswaist.

W:Didhelivecompletelyalone?

M:No,thatwasthestrangestthing.Healwaysstayedinluxuryhotelswithagroupofservantstotakecareofhim.Heusedtospendhisdayslockedupinapenthousesuitewatchingadventurefilmsoverandoveragainandofteneatingnothingbuticecreamandchocolatebars.

W:Itsoundsaverysadstory.

M:Itdoes.But,asyousaidearlier,lifewouldbethesamewithoutcharacterslikehim,wouldn'tit?

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.WhatdidthewomanwanttotalktoDr.Jonesabout?

20.Accordingtotheconversation,what'sthemeaningofeccentricity?

21.WhoisHowardHughes?

22.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtoyourcomprehensionofthisconversation?

(23)

A.Thedefinitionofeccentricity.

B.Essentiality.

C.Howtokeeppets.

D.Howtoenjoyspecialfood.

27.

【B8】

28.

【B6】

29.(29)

A.Theearthwillgetevencooler.

B.Nospecieswillsurviveinfiftyyears.

C.30%ofalllifeformswillbecomeextinctby2050.

D.Nosun'sheatcanreachtheearthatall.

30.聽力原文：W:WhenIgoonadiet,Ieatonlyfruit,andthattakesoffweightquickly.

M:IprefertoeatwhateverIwant,andthenrunregularlytoloseweight.

Q:Howdoesthemancontrolhisweight?

(19)

A.Bygoingonadiet.

B.Bydoingphysicalexercise.

C.Byhavingfewermeals.

D.Byeatingfruitandvegetables.

31.聽力原文：Allbigcitiesarequitesimilar.LivinginamodemAsiancityisnotverydifferentfromlivinginanAmericancity.Thesamecannotbesaidaboutlivingonfarms,however.Inmanydifferentpartsoftheworld,farmersandtheirfamiliesliveinvillagesortowns.IntheUnitedStates,however,eachfarmfamilylivesonitsownfields,oftenbeyondthesightofanyneighbors.Insteadoftravelingfromavillagetothefieldseverymorning,Americanfarmersstayontheirlandthrough-outtheweek.TheytraveltothenearesttownonSaturdaysforshoppingoronSundaysforlunch.

Thechildrenrideonbusestolargeschoolsthatserveallofthefarmfamilieslivinginthearea.Insomeareas,therearesmallschoolsservingafewfarmfamilies,andthechildrenwalktoschool.

Ofcourselifekeepschangingforeveryone,includingfarmers.Todaythereareears,goodroads,radiosandtelevisionsets.Andofcoursetherearemodemmachinesforfarming.Allofthesehavechangedfarmlife.Formanyyears,however,farminginAmericawasoftenalonelywayofliving.Farmershadtodealwiththeirownproblems,insteadofgettinghelpfromothers.Theylearnedtotrynewmethods,andtotrusttheirownideasinsteadoffollowingolderways.

(33)

A.Livingincitiesandlivingonfarms.

B.FarmlifeinAmerica.

C.Howfarmers'lifehaschanged.

D.Farmersandtheirfarms.

32.(26)

A.Abruzziisverypatientanddetermined.

B.Linda'sroommatedoesmostofthecleaningintheirapartment.

C.Lindadoesn'treallycareforAbruzzi.

D.Lindalikesconcertbetterthanshows.

33.聽力原文：W:ProfessorMarnes,IwonderifyoucanfillmeinonyourlecturelastFriday.Ihadtoattendascholarshipawardceremony.

M:Ohwell,congratulations.Ihopeyouwererewardedhandsomely!

W:Well,everybithelps.So,aboutyourlecture,Iunderstandyouweretalkingaboutextinctions.

M:Yes.Well,thecruxofmytalkwasjustthatwetendtothinkofextinctionasadramaticevent,butmostspeciesdieoutoverquiteaperiodoftime.

W:Whydotheydieoff?Ithoughttheywerecontinuouslyimprovingthemselves.Naturalselection,Ithinkyouoncementioned.

M:Ah,butyouseewhilethereisnaturalCompetitionbetweenthespecies,whatdetermineswhichspeciessurviveislargelybychance.

W:Idon'tgetit.Whydospeciesbothercompeting?

M:Well,thereareshort-termadvantages.Butmanyspeciesalsoarehelpedbyothers.Forexample,thecommonhouseflyandcockroachesmighthavediedoffyearsagoifnotforhumans.

W:Butyou'renotsayingthathumansaresosuccessfulmerelybecauseofchance?

M:Toacertainextent,humanswereinitiallyluckyenoughtohavetherightweatherconditionsandalackofpredators,butnow,ofcourse,wesurvivebyingenuity!

W:gowemayneverbecomeextinct.

M:No,becausewemaybeinacrashcoursetoextinctionbyourcontinuousexploitationoftheenvironment.Wearearelativelyyoungspeciesandourtimeishotyetoverdue.

W:Butthereare6billionofus!

M:Yesandthere'remanymorehousefliestoo!Eachwiththecapacitytospreadonediseasefromonepersontoanotherinafastperiodoftime.

(20)

A.Sheiswritingacompetitivepaperforascholarship.

B.Sheisdoingapaper.

C.Shemissedthelecture.

D.Sheisplanningtoattendthescholarshipawardceremony.

34.(13)

A.Hedoesn'tunderstandhisstaff.

B.Hiscomputerdoesn'tworkproperly.

C.Hedoesn'tknowhowtoapplycomputertheory.

D.Heistroubletoaddthefigures.

35.聽力原文：W:WhatamemoryIhave!IdidwritedownthenumberonasheetofpaperwhenIansweredthephonethismorning.Butnowthepaperhasdisappearedwithoutanytrace.

M:Don'tworry.IwillbeseeingMr.Browninanhour.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthisconversation?

(18)

A.ItwasprobablyMr.Brown'sphonenumberthatthewomanwrotedown.

B.ItwasjustanhouragothatthemanmetMr.Brown.

C.Thewomanforgottowritedownthephonenumber.

D.Thewomanneededasheetofpapertoputdownthenumber.

36.(16)

A.Heisnotsatisfiedwiththepay.

B.Heisnotabletoenjoypaidholidays.

C.Thejobisnotverychallengingforhim.

D.Thereisnohopeofpromotion.

37.(25)

A.Becauseshedidn'tfindsuitablecourses.

B.becausethesummercoursesofthisyearwerethesameasbe{ore.

C.Becauseherfriendspersuadedhertodoso.

D.Becauseshewantstodosomedifferentthings.

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Didyouknowthatvegetablescanbetrickedintogrowinginclimatestheyarenotaccustomedto?CoolclimatevegetablesarenowabletobegrowninplacesashotasHawaii.InHawaii,marineengineershavebeenabletoactuallyconvincesuchvegetablesthatthey'relivingincoolerclimate.Thatwaytheygrowfasterandtastebetter.Whattheseengineershavebeenusingisverysimplycoldseawater.Howdotheyuseit?Theyplacepipesinthesoilandthecoldwaterflowinthroughthemcoolstheair.Thisstimulatesplantsgrowthandenablesgardenersintropicalclimatestogrowcropsfromcoolerclimates.Alsosomeofthesepipesareexposedtotheairandtheycondensemoistureandthusirrigatethegarden.What'sespeciallyappealingaboutthisprocessisthatnothingdamagingtothenaturalenvironmentisbeingused.Anotherinnovativeuseforcoldoceanwateristocoolbuildings.Engineersbelievethat,forexample,theentirewestcoastoftheUnitedStatescouldbeair-conditionedusingseawater.

(27)

A.Hawaiiiscoolernow.

B.ThevegetableshavebecomeaccustomedtotheweatherinHawaii.

C.Theyarecheatedtobelievethattheyaregrowingincoolclimate.

D.Theyaretransgenicvegetables.

39.聽力原文：W:Yourparentsaren'tcomingbacksoon，arethey?

M:Yeahwell，theye-mailedmetheotherdayandtheyseemtobestayinginPoland，atleastforthetimebeing，Ijustdon'tknowwhentheywillchangetheiridea．

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.Hisparentsareheadinghomeforthetimecoming.

B.Hisparentsarecomingbackthistimenextyear.

C.Hisparentsliveinanothercountryatthemoment.

D.Hisparentssettledowninanotherplacefromnowon.

40.聽力原文：W:I'veheardgreatthingsaboutthatmoviethatjustcameout.Youwanttogoseeittonight?

M:I'dloveto,butI'vegotahistoryfinalintwodays,andIhaven'tstudiedallquarter.IthinkI'dbettertakearaincheckthistime.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(19)

A.Heneedstotakeabreakfromhisstudying.

B.Helovesthewomanverymuch.

C.Hedoesn'tlikegoingoutintherain.

D.Hewillnotbeabletoaccompanythewoman.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Ifsomeoneaccidentallystepsonyourtoe,ithurts.Butdoesithurtmoreifyouthinkhediditdeliberately?That,inessence,isthequestionKurtGrayandDanielWegnerofHarvardUniversityaskedinastudytheyhavejustpublishedinPsychologicalScience.Andtheiransweristhatitprobablydoes.

Dr.GrayandDr.Wegnerdidnotactuallysteponpeople'stoesaspartoftheirexperiments.Buttheydidarrangeforthemtoreceiveelectricshocks.Altogether,theyinducedagroupof43studentstoparticipatewithoffersofacademiccreditsor,failingthat,coldcash.

Onthedayoftheexperiment,eachparticipantwasintroducedtoastudypartner,whomhewastoldwasanotherstudentparticipantbutwhowasinfactanassistantofthetworesearchers.Thestudentswerethentoldaboutanumberoftasks,whichincludedmatchingcolors,estimatingnumbers,judgingmusicalpitches(音調(diào))andassessinglevelsofdiscomfort.Theywerelateraskedtoperform.eachofthesetasksduringaseriesoftrials.

Intruth,Dr.GrayandDr.Wegnerwereinterestedonlyintheassessmentsofdiscomfort;therestweremereblinds.Inthistask,aparticipantreceivedanelectricshockandwasaskedtoevaluatetheexperienceonascalerangingfromone(notatalluncomfortable)toseven(extremelyuncomfortable).

Duringeachtrial,theparticipantsawacomputerscreenwhichdisplayedtwopotentialtasksforthatsession.Whenassessingdiscomfortwasoneofthese,theotherwasalwaysevaluatingtherelativepitchesoftwotones.Inthis,asintheothertrials,theparticipantwastoldthathispartnerinthenextroomwouldselectwhichtaskhehadtocomplete.

Infact,participantsreceivedanelectricshockwheneverassessmentdiscomfortwasoneoftheoptionsdisplayed.Buthowtheythoughtithadbeenadministeredhadacrucialeffectontheirsenseofpain.Halfthetime,theparticipantsweretoldthattheirpartnerhadchosentoshockthem.Theotherhalftheyweretoldthattheirpartnerhadchosennottoshockthem,butthattheexperimentalplanmeantthisdecisionhadbeenreversed.

Ontheone-to-sevenscalethatDr.GrayandDr.Wagneraskedtheparticipantstousetoassesstheirpain,thestudentsratedthestrengthofshockstheythoughthadbeenintentionallyadministeredat3.62,onaverage;thosetheythoughtunintentionalaveraged3.00.Theresearchersalsofoundtheapparentlyunintentionalshockshurtprogressivelylessastheexperimentwenton,whereasthoseperceivedasdeliberatecontinuedtohurtasmuch.

Itwouldseem,therefore,thatmalicenotonlycarriesastingofitsown.Comparedwithaccidentalpain,thestingalsolastslonger.

WhatisthemainpurposeforDr.GrayandDr.Wegnertoconducttheexperiment?

A.Tostudywhetherthedeliberatehurthurtsmore.

B.Toletpeopleknowdeliberatelyhurtingpeopleisevil.

C.Tostudythephenomenonofsteppingonpeople.

D.Toofferstudentsacademiccredits.

42.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECTaboutOceanEdge?

A.Itdoesn'topentotourists.

B.Itwasrebuiltin1906.

C.Itcaughtafirein1890.

D.ItwasoriginallyaprivatehomeownedbyNixonfamily.

43.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsissuppliedbythepassage?

A.Tincansandiceboxeshelpedtomakemanyfoodsmorewidelyavailable.

B.Commercialicefactoriesweredevelopedbyrailroadowners.

C.MostfarmersintheUnitedStatesraisedonlyfruitsandvegetables.

D.Peoplewholivedincitiesdemandedhomedeliveryoffoods.

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Sexprejudicesarebasedonandjustifiedbytheideologythatbiologyisdestiny.Accordingtothisideology,basicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesexistbetweenthesexes.Thesedifferencesrequireeachsextoplayaseparateroleinsociallife.Womenaretheweakersex--bothphysicallyandemotionally.Thus,theyarenaturallysuitedmuchmoresothanmen,totheperformanceofdomesticduties.Awoman'splace,undernormalcircumstance,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.Naturehasdeterminedthatwomenplaycare-takerroles,suchaswifeandmotherandhomemaker.Ontheotherhand,menarebestsuitedtogooutintothecompetitiveworldofworkandpolitics,whereseriousresponsibilitiesmustbetakenon.Menaretobetheproviders;womenandchildrenaredependents.

Theideologyalsoholdsthatwomenwhowishtoworkoutsidethehouseholdshouldnaturallyfillthesejobsthatareinlinewiththespecialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Itisthusappropriateforwomen,notmen,tobeemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschoolteachers,householdhelpers,andclerksandsecretaries.Thesepositionsaresimplyanextensionofwomen'sdomesticrole.Informaldistinctionsbetween"women'swork"and"men'swork"inthelaborforce,accordingtotheideology,aresimplyafunctionalreflectionofthebasicdifferencesbetweensexes.

Finally,theideologysuggeststhatnaturehasworkedherwillinanothersignificantway.Forthehumanspeciestosurviveovertime,itsmembersmustregularlyreproduce.Thus,womenmust,whetherathomeorinthelaborforce,makethemostoftheirphysicalappearance.Sogoestheideology.Itis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesrequireeachtoplaysex-definedrolesinsociallife.Thereisampleevidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoseroledifferencesthatdoexistarelargelylearned.

Buttothedegreepeopleactuallybelievethatbiologyisdestinyandthatnatureintendsformenandwomentomakedifferentcontributionstosociety,sex-definedroles