河南省商開大聯(lián)考2020-2021學年高二下學期期末考試英語試題Word版含解析

2020-2021學年河南省商開大聯(lián)考高二下學期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthewomangotoworkbefore?A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aholidayplan.B.Weather.C.Family.3.Whatdoesthewomanplantodofirstintheafternoon?A.Gotothebank.B.Prepareforaseminar.C.Seethedentist.4.Whatisthewomangoingtoclean?A.Thetoilets.B.Thebedrooms.C.Thelivingroom.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Workmates.C.Neighbors.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendoesthemanfinishclasses?A.At4:30pm.B.At5:00pm.C.At5:30pm.7.Whatkindofexercisedoesthemanusuallydoattheweekend?A.Swimming.B.Hiking.C.Running.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatfooddoesthewomandislike?A.Seafood.B.Vegetables.C.Beef.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheseaside.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Ahostess.B.Asportswoman.C.Areporter.11.Onwhichdaywillthefitnesscenterbeopen?A.June16.B.July10.C.August21.12.Whatcanpeopleplayindoorsinthesportscenter?A.Tennis.B.Volleyball.C.Football.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Makealist.B.Finishareport.C.Dosomeshopping.14.Forwhomdoesthewomanbuysomechocolate?A.Theman.B.Herson.C.Herself.15.Whatwillthewomanbuylast?A.Fruits.B.Chicken.C.Vegetables.16.Wherearethespeakersgoingtomeet?A.Atthecheck-out.B.Attheexit.C.Attheentrance.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredoesthejourneyend?A.Onthebridge.B.Intheparkinglot.C.Bythesideoftheriver.18Howlongwillthejourneylast?A.Abouttwohours.B.Aboutthreehours.C.Aboutfourhours.19Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdo?A.Takecameras.B.Goswimming.C.Drawpictures.20.Whatissafeforthelisteners?A.Enteringthewoodsquietly.B.Leavingthebearsalone.C.Goingoffthegroup.第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AGoneabittoohardonthewalletlately?Theseawesomeevents,pop-upsandexhibitionswillletyouhaveagoodtimewithoutspendingacoin.WanderingStarsMay26~June6ThegreatwinterfestivalwilllandinMelbourneattheendofMay.Andwithitcomesa200-metre-longlanternsculptureintheshapeofagianteel(巨型鰻魚).Start(orend!)yournightoutwithawalkalongBirrarungMarrtobeamazedbythiswonderfulnewglowingartpiece.FOMOfreebiesUntilJune4Wantfreestuff(東西)?Ofcourseyoudo!OnFridaynightsuntilJune4,freebiepop-upswillbesurprisingMelburniansacrossthecity.Thinkcandygiveaways,freedrinks,foodieprizesandmore.DetailswillberevealedontheWhat'sOnMelbourneInsatgram.Freelunchtimemusicpop-upsUntilMay15TakeabreatherfromyourworkdayandchillinMelbourne'sgreenoutdoorspaces.Localmusicianswillplayeverythingfromsweetacoustic(原聲的)tunestojazz.UpcomingsessionsrunatBulukParkandBoydPark,withahandfulofspecialperformancesforYirramboi.FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalkJune18?July2Backbypopulardemandistherealityartwalksensationfrom2019.Seeiconiclaneways,hiddenshopsandamazingarchitectureasitgetstakenoverbylivingartdisplays.Thisyear'swalkfeatures12lovelycreationsbyawesomelocalartists.DownloadtheEyeJackappandgetexploring!1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinWanderingStars?A.Learntomakelanterns. B.Appreciateaglowingartpiece.C.Tastedeliciousfish. D.Climbvariousgiantsculptures.2.Whichofthefollowingshouldjazzloverschoosetoattend?A.WanderingStars. B.FOMOfreebies.C.Freelunchtimemusicpop-ups. D.FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalk.3.Whencanyouenjoythearchitectureart?A.OnMay15. B.OnMay26. C.OnJune4. D.OnJune18.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了可以參加的四個免費活動?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WanderingStars中的“Start(orend!)yournightoutwithawalkalongBirrarungMarrtobeamazedbythiswonderfulnewglowingartpiece.（開始(或結束)你的夜晚，沿著BirrarungMarr散步，你會為這一美妙的新的發(fā)光藝術品而驚嘆）”可知，在WanderingStars可以欣賞發(fā)光藝術品。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Freelunchtimemusicpop-ups中的“TakeabreatherfromyourworkdayandchillinMelbourne'sgreenoutdoorspaces.Localmusicianswillplayeverythingfromsweetacoustic(原聲的)tunestojazz.（在墨爾本綠色的戶外空間放松一下你的工作日。當?shù)匾魳芳覍⒀葑喔鞣N音樂，從甜美的原聲音樂到爵士樂）”可知，爵士樂愛好者可知參加Freelunchtimemusicpop-ups，故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalk中的“Backbypopulardemandistherealityartwalksensationfrom2019.Seeiconiclaneways,hiddenshopsandamazingarchitectureasitgetstakenoverbylivingartdisplays.（受大眾需求回歸的是2019年的現(xiàn)實藝術漫步感?？吹綐酥拘缘男∠?，隱藏的商店和令人驚嘆的建筑，因為它被生活的藝術展示所接管）”可知想要欣賞建筑藝術，可以參加FlindersQuarterAugmentedArtWalk，它的時間是June18?July2（6月18日到7BSuMin,a56-year-oldretireefromHenanProvinceincentralChina,hasneverbeenhappier.Afteraccomplishingherfamily'sexpectationsofdutifulChinesewomanhood,Ms.Suisholdinganewidentity:fearlessroad-tripper.Forsixmonths,thisChineseaunthasbeenonasolodriveacrossChina,documentingherjourneyformorethan1.35millionfollowersacrossseveralsocialmediaplatforms.Beforelastfall,Ms.Suhadrarelytraveled.Butshehadlongbeenfondoftheideaofdriving.GrowingupinTibet,shesometimesmissedtheschoolbushomeandhadtowalk12milesthroughthemountains.Eachtimeatruckpassedby,sheimaginedsittingbehindthewheel,safeandcomfortable.Butcarswererare,andhavingoneseemedimpossible.Then,inlate2019,shecameacrossavideoonlineofsomeoneintroducingtheircampinggearwhileonasoloroadtrip.Sherememberedherchildhooddreamofdriving—thefreedomandcomfortithadrepresented.Overthefollowingmonths,shewatchedeveryvideoshecouldfindaboutroadtrips.Shetookplentifulnotes:whichappstheyusedtofindcampsitesandwhichtrickstheyhadforsavingmoney.Soon,shemadeuphermind:Oncehergrandsonsenteredpreschool,shewouldembarkonatripofherown.Shehadboughtasmallwhitecarseveralyearsearlier,withhersavingsandamonthlypensionofaround$300.Inhervideos,shewashappyathernewfoundfreedom.Shecouldgowherevershewantedandstopatanyplacesheliked.Still,Ms.Sublusheswhenaskedabouthernewfame.“IttookmesomanyyearstorealizethatIhadtoliveformyself.”Shepaused,“It'ssomethingI'mwakingupto,notsomethingthatIjustam.”4.WhywasSuMin'schildhoodmentioned?A.Topraiseshehasastrongwill. B.Totellusshehadatoughchildhood.C.Toblamethesloweconomicdevelopment. D.Toshowthebackgroundofherlovefortravel.5.Whatdoesthephrase“embarkon”inparagraph3mean?A.Finish. B.Shorten. C.Start. D.Cancel.6.WhatdidSuMincometorealizeaccordingtothetext?A.Sheshouldhavealifeofherown. B.Sheshouldsaveasmuchaspossible.C.Hermonthlypensionwasgenerous. D.Shecouldmakealivingbysellingvideos.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.SuMin'sIdentityWonWorldAttentionB.AChineseAuntWentonaSoloRoadTripC.ARetiredTravellerMakesthePublicAstonishedD.MillionsofFollowersMakeSuMin'sDreamComeTrue【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了56歲的中國阿姨蘇敏獨自駕車穿越中國，在多個社交媒體平臺上記錄了她的旅程，吸引了135萬名粉絲。介紹了她開始這一行動的背景知識和感悟?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Beforelastfall,Ms.Suhadrarelytraveled.Butshehadlongbeenfondoftheideaofdriving.GrowingupinTibet,shesometimesmissedtheschoolbushomeandhadtowalk12milesthroughthemountains.Eachtimeatruckpassedby,sheimaginedsittingbehindthewheel,safeandcomfortable.Butcarswererare,andhavingoneseemedimpossible.Then,inlate2019,shecameacrossavideoonlineofsomeoneintroducingtheircampinggearwhileonasoloroadtrip.Sherememberedherchildhooddreamofdriving—thefreedomandcomfortithadrepresented.(去年秋天之前，蘇女士很少旅行。但她早就喜歡開車了。在西藏長大的她，有時會錯過校車回家，不得不走12英里的山路。每次有卡車經(jīng)過，她都會想象自己坐在車里，既安全又舒適。但當時汽車很少，擁有一輛似乎是不可能的。然后，在2019年底，她在網(wǎng)上看到了一個視頻，有人在獨自旅行時介紹他們的露營裝備。她想起了兒時開車的夢想——那代表著自由和舒適)”可推知，提到蘇敏的童年是為了表明她熱愛旅行的背景。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Soon,shemadeuphermind:Oncehergrandsonsenteredpreschool,shewould”以及后文“atripofherown.Shehadboughtasmallwhitecarseveralyearsearlier,withhersavingsandamonthlypensionofaround$300.”可知，蘇敏下定決心一旦她的孫子們上了學前班，她就要開始自己的旅行，并且?guī)啄昵?，她用自己的積蓄和每月大約300美元的養(yǎng)老金買了一輛白色小車。故畫線詞意思是“開始”。A.Finish.結束；B.Shorten.縮短；C.Start.開始；D.Cancel.取消。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中““IttookmesomanyyearstorealizethatIhadtoliveformyself.”Shepaused,“It'ssomethingI'mwakingupto,notsomethingthatIjustam.”(“我花了很多年才意識到，我必須為自己而活。”她停頓了一下，“這是我正在覺醒的東西，而不是我本來的樣子?！?”可知，蘇敏認識到了她應該有自己的生活。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“SuMin,a56-year-oldretireefromHenanProvinceincentralChina,hasneverbeenhappier.Afteraccomplishingherfamily'sexpectationsofdutifulChinesewomanhood,Ms.Suisholdinganewidentity:fearlessroad-tripper.Forsixmonths,thisChineseaunthasbeenonasolodriveacrossChina,documentingherjourneyformorethan1.35millionfollowersacrossseveralsocialmediaplatforms.(來自中國中部河南省的56歲退休人員蘇敏從來沒有這么開心過。在完成了家人對盡責中國女性的期望后，蘇女士擁有了一個新的身份:無畏的公路旅行者。六個月來，這位中國阿姨獨自駕車穿越中國，在多個社交媒體平臺上記錄了她的旅程，吸引了135萬名粉絲)”結合文章主要講述了56歲的中國阿姨蘇敏獨自駕車穿越中國，在多個社交媒體平臺上記錄了她的旅程，吸引了135萬名粉絲。介紹了她開始這一行動的背景知識和感悟?？芍?，B選項“一個中國阿姨獨自自駕游”最符合文章標題。故選B。COncethestuffofsci-fifantasy,robotsandrobotictechnologyarenowusedinmanyaspectsofdailylife,rangingfrommanufacturingtomedicineandeverythinginbetween.Whilehumanityisstillfarfromhavingrobotservantsathome,robotsarecommonlyusedonproductionlinesinfactories,andevenforspecificmovementsduringoperation.Recently,oneEstoniancompanydecidedtorepurposeitstechnologyforareasonthat'sbeneficialfortheEarth.RobotmanufacturerMilrem,whichpreviouslyproducedautonomoustanks,partneredwiththeUniversityofTartutodeveloprobotforestersthatcanplantandcarefortrees.ThedecisiontocreateautonomousforesterscameafterMilremrealizedthatitstechnology,whichhadbeendevelopedformilitary(軍事的)use,couldbeusefulinotherareas.“Westartedlookingintowhatelsewecoulddowiththeseunmannedrobots,MartNoorma,directoratMilrem,toldResearchEstonia.“Togetherwithourpartnersatuniversitiesandpublicoffices,werealizedthatwecouldbehelpfulinautomatingmanyindustries.”Therobots,whichresembleminitanks,operateinpairs.Onerobotworksasaplanter,puttingdownasmanyas380seedlingscovering2.5acresinaslittleassixhours.Duringtheplantingstage,therobotrecordstheexactlocationofeachyoungtree.Theotherrobotfollowsitspath,cuttingvegetationandcuttingbrush,sothatthenewlyplantedtreescanthrive.Tonavigate(導航)theirsurroundings,therobotsuseLiDARandGPSsystems.LiDARuseslasertechnologytocreateathree-dimensionalgeometricmapoftherobots,environment.InterestingEngineeringreportedthattherobotsalsousehighresolutioncamerasystemstofillinthegapsaroundobstacles(障礙)andensurethemap'saccuracy.Theefficiencyandspeedofthesetree-plantingrobotsgivethemthehighpotentialtohelpreverse(逆轉)deforestation,acriticalissueaffectingtheplanet.8.Whywereautonomoustanksmadeinitially?A.Toplantmoretrees. B.Tohelpinmedicine.C.Tocreateabigbrand. D.Toimprovemilitarystrength.9.Howmanyyoungtreescanarobotplantinanhour?A.About50. B.About63. C.About190. D.About380.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.LiDARmakesiteasiertoidentifythetrees.B.Therobotswillimprovetheenvironmentaroundtheplants.C.Map'saccuracyresultsfromhighresolutioncamerasystems.D.Thetreeplantingrobotsareboundtobewidelyusedsoon.11.What'stheauthor'sattitudetorobotforesters?A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Disapproving.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了自動坦克的機器人制造商Milrem與塔爾圖大學合作，開發(fā)可以種植和照料樹木的機器人護林員?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThedecisiontocreateautonomousforesterscameafterMilremrealizedthatitstechnology,whichhadbeendevelopedformilitary(軍事的)use,couldbeusefulinotherareas.（Milrem公司意識到，原本用于軍事用途的技術也可以用于其他領域，于是決定創(chuàng)建自主林務員。）”可知，最初制造自動坦克是為了提高軍事力量。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Onerobotworksasaplanter,puttingdownasmanyas380seedlingscovering2.5acresinaslittleassixhours（其中一個機器人可以充當播種機，在短短6個小時內(nèi)，在2.5英畝的土地上種下多達380棵幼苗。）”可知，一個機器人在一小時內(nèi)種植了大約63棵小樹。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“InterestingEngineeringreportedthattherobotsalsousehighresolutioncamerasystemstofillinthegapsaroundobstacles(障礙)andensurethemap'saccuracy.（《有趣的工程》報道稱，機器人還使用高分辨率的攝像系統(tǒng)來填補障礙物周圍的空白，以確保地圖的準確性。）”可推知，地圖的準確性來自于高分辨率的攝像系統(tǒng)。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theefficiencyandspeedofthesetree-plantingrobotsgivethemthehighpotentialtohelpreversedeforestation,acriticalissueaffectingtheplanet.（這些植樹機器人的效率和速度使它們有很大的潛力來幫助扭轉毀林，這是一個影響地球的關鍵問題。）”可知，作者對機器人林務員持積極的態(tài)度。故選A。DClimatechangeisknowntonegativelyaffectagricultureandlivestock,buttherehasbeenlittlescientificknowledgeonwhichregionsoftheplanetwouldbetouchedorwhatthebiggestrisksmaybe.NewresearchledbyAaltoUniversityassessesjusthowglobalfoodproductionwillbeaffectedifgreenhousegasemissionsareleftuncut.Theresearchersassessedhowclimatechangewouldaffect27ofthemostimportantfoodcropsandsevendifferentlivestock,accountingforsocieties'varyingcapacitiestoadapttochanges.Theresultsshowthatthreatsaffectcountriesandcontinentsindifferentways;in52ofthe177countriesstudied,theentirefoodproductionwouldremaininthesafeclimaticspaceinthefuture.TheseincludeFinlandandmostotherEuropeancountries.AlreadyvulnerablecountriessuchasBenin,Cambodia,Ghana,Guinea-Bissau,GuyanaandSurinamewillbehithardifnochangesaremade;upto95percentofcurrentfoodproductionwouldfalloutsideofsafeclimaticspace.Alarmingly,thesenationsalsohavesignificantlylesscapacitytoadapttochangesbroughtonbyclimatechangewhencomparedtorichwesterncountries.Inall,20%oftheworld'scropproductionand18%oflivestockproductionunderthreatarelocatedincountrieswithlowcapacitiestoadapttochanges.“Ifweletemissionsgrow,theincreaseindesertareasisespeciallytroublingbecauseintheseconditionsbarelyanythingcangrowwithoutirrigation.Bytheendofthiscentury,wecouldseemorethan4millionsquarekilometresofnewdesertaroundtheglobe,”MattiKummu,professorofglobalwaterandfoodissuesatAaltoUniversitysays.“Weneedtolightenclimatechangeand,atthesametime,improveourfoodsystemsandsocieties'capacitiestoadapttochanges—wecannotleavethevulnerablebehind.Foodproductionmustbesustainable.”12.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectofclimatechangeonthefoodproductioninparagraph2?A.Byraisingquestions. B.Bystatingarguments.C.Byanalyzingresearchdata. D.Bymakingcomparisons.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themeasurestobetaken. B.Thethreattothevulnerablecountries.C.Theassistanceofrichcountries. D.Thedamagetocropproduction.14.WhatdoKummu'swordssuggest?A.Hefeelsverydesperate. B.Hecaresmoreaboutothers.C.Hewasinchargeofthestudy. D.Heisworriedaboutthevulnerable.15.Fromwhichsectionofanewspaperisthetexttaken?A.Environment. B.Technology. C.Culture. D.Politics.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。眾所周知，氣候變化會對農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)產(chǎn)生負面影響，但阿爾托大學領導的一項新研究評估了如果不減少溫室氣體排放，全球糧食生產(chǎn)將受到怎樣的影響。文中通過分析研究數(shù)據(jù)展示氣候變化對糧食生產(chǎn)的影響以及氣候變化對于脆弱國家的威脅?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearchersassessedhowclimatechangewouldaffect27ofthemostimportantfoodcropsandsevendifferentlivestock,accountingforsocieties'varyingcapacitiestoadapttochanges.Theresultsshowthatthreatsaffectcountriesandcontinentsindifferentways;in52ofthe177countriesstudied,theentirefoodproductionwouldremaininthesafeclimaticspaceinthefuture.TheseincludeFinlandandmostotherEuropeancountries.(研究人員評估了氣候變化將如何影響27種最重要的糧食作物和7種不同的牲畜，考慮到社會適應變化的不同能力。結果表明，威脅以不同的方式影響國家和大陸；在177個被研究的國家中，有52個國家的整個糧食生產(chǎn)在未來將保持在安全的氣候空間中。這些國家包括芬蘭和大多數(shù)其他歐洲國家)”可推知，作者在第二段中通過分析研究數(shù)據(jù)展示氣候變化對糧食生產(chǎn)的影響。故選C?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“AlreadyvulnerablecountriessuchasBenin,Cambodia,Ghana,Guinea-Bissau,GuyanaandSurinamewillbehithardifnochangesaremade;upto95percentofcurrentfoodproductionwouldfalloutsideofsafeclimaticspace.Alarmingly,thesenationsalsohavesignificantlylesscapacitytoadapttochangesbroughtonbyclimatechangewhencomparedtorichwesterncountries.Inall,20%oftheworld'scropproductionand18%oflivestockproductionunderthreatarelocatedincountrieswithlowcapacitiestoadapttochanges.(如果不做出改變，貝寧、柬埔寨、加納、幾內(nèi)亞比紹、圭亞那和蘇里南等已經(jīng)很脆弱的國家將受到嚴重打擊；目前高達95%的糧食產(chǎn)量將落在安全氣候空間之外。令人擔憂的是，與富裕的西方國家相比，這些國家適應氣候變化的能力也明顯不足?？偟膩碚f，受威脅的世界作物產(chǎn)量的20%和畜牧業(yè)產(chǎn)量的18%來自適應變化能力較低的國家)”可知，第三段主要講的是對脆弱國家的威脅。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Weneedtolightenclimatechangeand,atthesametime,improveourfoodsystemsandsocieties'capacitiestoadapttochanges—wecannotleavethevulnerablebehind.Foodproductionmustbesustainable.(我們需要減輕氣候變化，同時改善糧食系統(tǒng)和社會適應變化的能力——我們不能把弱勢群體拋在后面。糧食生產(chǎn)必須是可持續(xù)的)”可推知，Kummu的話暗示了他擔心脆弱的一方。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Climatechangeisknowntonegativelyaffectagricultureandlivestock,buttherehasbeenlittlescientificknowledgeonwhichregionsoftheplanetwouldbetouchedorwhatthebiggestrisksmaybe.NewresearchledbyAaltoUniversityassessesjusthowglobalfoodproductionwillbeaffectedifgreenhousegasemissionsareleftuncut.(眾所周知，氣候變化會對農(nóng)業(yè)和畜牧業(yè)產(chǎn)生負面影響，但對于地球上哪些地區(qū)會受到影響，以及最大的風險可能是什么，科學知識卻很少。阿爾托大學領導的一項新研究評估了如果不減少溫室氣體排放，全球糧食生產(chǎn)將受到怎樣的影響)”結合文中通過分析研究數(shù)據(jù)展示氣候變化對糧食生產(chǎn)的影響以及氣候變化對于脆弱國家的威脅?？赏浦?，文章可能選自報紙的“環(huán)境”版面。故選A。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多佘余選項。FiveHealthyHabitsFromJapanThefollowinghabitsarethesecretstolongevityfromJapan.Foodisgoodmedicine.There'sanOkinawanphrase,nuchigusui,whichcantranslateas“l(fā)etfoodbeyourmedicine”.ForOkinawans,thatmeansplentyoffruitsandvegetableswithheart-healthyfish.____16____.Maintainstrongfamilyandsocialconnections.Humansaresocialcreatures.A2017studyshowedthepositiveimpactthattight-knitfamiliesandhappymarriagesleadtobetterhealthandalongerlife.____17____,whetheritisthefamilyyouareborninto,orthefamilyyouchoose.____18____.Inthewest,peopleoftenreachforacoffeeinthemorningtostarttheday.Butoneofthebest-kepthealthyhabitsintheFarEastisdrinkingtea.A2014studyofJapaneseadultsfoundthatthosewhodrankgreenteaeachdayloweredtheirriskofdiabetesby33percent.Takeoffyourshoeswhenindoors.Japanesetraditionallydonotweartheirshoesinthehouseandchangeintoslippersinstead.____19____.Butwhenyouthinkaboutit,itmakestotalsense!Shoescancarryinfectiousbacteria,soconsidertakingoffsneakerswhenindoors.Afterall,peopleweartheirshoesinthedirtystreets.Thelastthingyouwanttodoisbringthatallinsideyourhome.Soakinlongandhotbaths.DoyouknowJapanisfullofnaturalhotsprings?Volcanicactivitythroughouttheislandnaturallyheatsover3,000mineralsprings.____20____,becausetheyknowthesehealingwaterseasemusclepainandpreventdisease.A.DrinkplentyofteaB.ItmayseemstrangeatfirstCThismakesthemcomfortableD.TheJapaneseliketosoakinthehotspringsE.RemembertospendqualitytimewithfamilyF.TheJapanesepeoplecontinuethepracticeeverymorningG.Eatinganutritiousdietresultsinlivingalongandhealthylife【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.B20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了來自日本的五個健康習慣?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Foodisgoodmedicine.There'sanOkinawanphrase,nuchigusui,whichcantranslateas“l(fā)etfoodbeyourmedicine”.ForOkinawans,thatmeansplentyoffruitsandvegetableswithheart-healthyfish.(食物是良藥。沖繩有句話叫nuchigusui，意思是“讓食物成為你的藥”。對沖繩人來說，這意味著大量的水果和蔬菜和有益于心臟健康的魚)”可知，上文主要說明了健康食物對身體的好處，本句總結上文，即說明吃有營養(yǎng)的飲食有助于長壽和健康的生活。故G選項“吃有營養(yǎng)的飲食有助于長壽和健康的生活”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“whetheritisthefamilyyouareborninto,orthefamilyyouchoose.(無論是你出生的家庭，還是你選擇的家庭)”可知，后文提到了家庭，可知本句內(nèi)容與家人有關，E選項中family對應后文中family。故E選項“記得和家人共度美好時光”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Inthewest,peopleoftenreachforacoffeeinthemorningtostarttheday.Butoneofthebest-kepthealthyhabitsintheFarEastisdrinkingtea.A2014studyofJapaneseadultsfoundthatthosewhodrankgreenteaeachdayloweredtheirriskofdiabetesby33percent.(在西方，人們通常在早上喝杯咖啡開始新的一天。但在遠東，喝茶是保持最好的健康習慣之一。2014年一項針對日本成年人的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每天喝綠茶的人患糖尿病的風險降低了33%)”可知，本段主要說明了喝茶對健康的好處，即建議多喝茶。故A選項“多喝茶”符合語境，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takeoffyourshoeswhenindoors.Japanesetraditionallydonotweartheirshoesinthehouseandchangeintoslippersinstead.(在室內(nèi)請脫鞋。傳統(tǒng)上，日本人在家里不穿鞋，而是換上拖鞋)”以及后文“Butwhenyouthinkaboutit,itmakestotalsense!Shoescancarryinfectiousbacteria,soconsidertakingoffsneakerswhenindoors.Afterall,peopleweartheirshoesinthedirtystreets.Thelastthingyouwanttodoisbringthatallinsideyourhome.(但當你仔細想想，這完全說得通！鞋子可能攜帶傳染性細菌，所以在室內(nèi)要考慮脫掉運動鞋。畢竟，人們在骯臟的街道上穿鞋。你最不想做的就是把這些東西都帶回家)”可知，上文提到了日本人回家換拖鞋，后文則進行了解釋，可知本句是針對這一習俗的看法：一開始可能看起來很奇怪。故B選項“一開始可能看起來很奇怪”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Soakinlongandhotbaths.DoyouknowJapanisfullofnaturalhotsprings?Volcanicactivitythroughouttheislandnaturallyheatsover3,000mineralsprings.(泡個長時間的熱水澡。你知道日本有很多天然溫泉嗎？島上的火山活動自然加熱了3000多處礦泉)”以及后文“becausetheyknowthesehealingwaterseasemusclepainandpreventdisease.(因為他們知道這些水可以緩解肌肉疼痛并預防疾病)”可知，本段主要是關于日本人喜歡泡溫泉的習慣，后文提到了泡溫泉的好處。故D選項“日本人喜歡泡溫泉”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言知識運用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenMonetwenttowashandrefuelhercar,shequicklyrealizedshedidn'thaveanycashorcardsonher.Whentheattendant(服務人員)Mbelewalkeduptothevehicleto____21____thewindows,Monetimmediatelytriedtostophim.She____22____thathedidn'thavetocleanherwindows,asshecouldn'tpay.____23____,theworkernoticedtheredwarninglightofherfuelgauge(燃油表).Sohecouldn'tletherbackonthehighway,foritcouldpotentiallybe____24____.Hedecidedtopayhergas____25____soshecouldsafelytravelonthehighwaywithenoughpetrol.Mbele____26____hisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas.____27____,Monetdidn'tevenhavetimeto____28____thepayment.Atfirst,shethoughtthatitwasaloanthatthefuelcompanyprovided,whichprobablyneededalotof____29____costs.Butinfactitwaspurelyapersonal____30____.ThebillwasalmostasmuchmoneyasMbelemadeinasingleday.Witha(n)____31____of$75everyweek,it'snotlikelythatthegasattendanthadalotofmoneyto____32____.Hewasn'tsurethathe'deverseehismoneyback,buthecouldn't____33____puttingthewomanintrouble.Acoupleofdayslater,Monet____34____withhismoneyandaboxofchocolates.However,the____35____didn'tstopatasingleboxofchocolates.Shepostedthis____36____onherFacebookpage,andit____37____wonthousandsofpeople'spraise.Shethendecidedtostartafundraiser(募資)forhim,whichwasagreat____38____.Thefundraiserwasclosedwith$94,000dollars____39____,anabsolutelyincredibleamountforthe____40____gasattendant—equaltoabouteightyearsofsalary.21.A.roll B.wash C.open D.remove22.A.explained B.scolded C.promised D.believed23.A.Thus B.Otherwise C.Besides D.However24A.permanent B.manageable C.dangerous D.stressful25.A.form B.tax C.bill D.rent26.A.took B.counted C.purchased D.folded27.A.Infear B.Inreality C.Onpurpose D.Bynature28.A.carryoff B.putforward C.referto D.thinkabout29.A.economic B.extra C.total D.rising30.A.bond B.reward C.guarantee D.deal31.A.salary B.expense C.sale D.exchange32.A.get B.donate C.spare D.waste33.A.risk B.forbid C.understand D.admit34.A.relaxed B.returned C.hesitated D.left35.A.coincidence B.argument C.surprise D.service36.A.story B.flash C.video D.site37.A.secretly B.apparently C.temporarily D.quickly38.A.fight B.failure C.success D.loss39.A.bet B.gathered C.paid D.borrowed40.A.confident B.brave C.honest D.kind【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.A27.B28.D29.B30.D31.A32.C33.A34.B35.C36.A37.D38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講的是主人公莫奈去加油站加油時發(fā)現(xiàn)沒帶錢，連忙阻止了服務員為自己洗車，服務員發(fā)現(xiàn)莫奈的車油表紅燈亮起，擔心她上高速有危險，并主動為莫奈掏錢加油，這一系列的好心的行為被莫奈看在了眼里，隨后在網(wǎng)上為這位服務員籌到了94000美元的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當服務員Mbele走到車上去擦車窗時，莫奈立即試圖阻止他。A.roll滾動；B.wash洗刷；C.open打開；D.remove移除。根據(jù)下文的“hedidn'thavetocleanherwindows”可知，莫奈在加油站，服務員Mbele想要為莫奈洗車窗。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她解釋說，他不必擦她的窗戶，因為她付不起錢。A.explained解釋；B.scolded責罵，訓斥；C.promised許諾；D.believed相信。根據(jù)本句“Shethathedidn'thavetocleanherwindows,asshecouldn'tpay.”可知，莫奈因為不能付錢，所以是在向服務員在解釋不需要清理車窗。故選A項。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，服務員注意到她的燃油表上的紅色警示燈。A.Thus因此；B.Otherwise否則；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根據(jù)空前一句“Shethathedidn'thavetocleanherwindows,asshecouldn'tpay.”以及根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容“theworkernoticedtheredwarninglightofherfuelgauge.Sohecouldn'tletherbackonthehighway.”（這名工人注意到了燃料表上的紅色警示燈。所以他不能讓她回到高速公路上）可知，此處表轉折，服務員知道了莫奈沒錢擦車窗，然而他看見了莫奈的車油表情況，才有了接下來故事的發(fā)展。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他不能讓她回到高速公路上，因為這可能會很危險。A.permanent永久的；B.manageable易管理的；C.dangerous危險的；D.stressful緊張的。根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“theworkernoticedtheredwarninglightofherfuelgauge.Sohecouldn'tletherbackonthehighway.”（服務員注意到了燃料表上的紅色警示燈。所以他不能讓她回到高速公路上）可知，服務員看的莫奈車燃料表紅色警示燈亮起，意識到油量不夠，上高速的話很危險。故選C項。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他決定替她付油錢，這樣她就可以帶著足夠的汽油安全地在高速公路上行駛了。A.form表格；B.tax稅款；C.bill賬單；D.rent租金。根據(jù)下文“soshecouldsafelytravelonthehighwaywithenoughpetrol”以及第二段第一句“Mbelehisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas.”可知，服務員想為莫奈付油錢，好讓她在高速上有足夠的油安全駕駛。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Mbele拿著自己的銀行卡去了收銀臺，付了一些油錢。A.took拿著；B.counted計數(shù)；C.purchased購買；D.folded折疊。根據(jù)下文“hisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas”可知，服務員拿著自己的卡去收銀臺付油錢。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：事實上，莫奈甚至沒有時間考慮付款的問題。A.Infear驚恐地；B.Inreality事實上；C.Onpurpose故意地；D.Bynature天生地。根據(jù)下文“Atfirst,shethoughtthatitwasaloanthatthefuelcompanyprovided”可知，莫奈開始以為服務員為自己付油費是燃料公司提供的一筆貸款，因此，在當時，莫奈事實上不清楚服務員為自己付油錢具體是怎么回事。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：事實上，莫奈甚至沒有時間考慮付款的問題。A.carryoff奪去。B.putforward提出；C.referto涉及，指的是；D.thinkabout考慮。根據(jù)上一句“Mbelehisownbankcard,wenttotheregister,andpaidforsomegas