英語(yǔ)課件狀語(yǔ)從句講解

狀語(yǔ)從句定義：在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語(yǔ)稱(chēng)作狀語(yǔ)從句，它可以用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)（包括非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或是整個(gè)句子。

九類(lèi)狀語(yǔ)從句相關(guān)的連詞一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

二、條件狀語(yǔ)從句三、比較狀語(yǔ)從句四、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句五、原因狀語(yǔ)從句六、目的狀語(yǔ)從句七、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句八、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

九、方式狀語(yǔ)從句when,while,before,after,until,sinceif,unlessas…as,notas/so…as…,…than…so…that…,such…that…Because,as,forsothatevenif/though,though/althoughwhere/whereverasif,asthough1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas,once…等。如：

Whenhewasstillayoungman,hewasforcedtoleavehishomelandforpoliticalreasons.Ithasbeen15yearssinceheleft.I’lltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.

Onceyouhavegotusedtoit,youwilllikeit.注意：（1）when,as,whilewhen既可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作。它可以表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。如：WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同時(shí)）

Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（從句動(dòng)作在前）As常引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，側(cè)重主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Hesangashewalked.While：指的是“在某一時(shí)間里”，“在…期間”，從句里的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的，它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：

WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.

WhilewewerewatchingTV,hewaswritingacomposition.While也可做并列連詞，表示對(duì)照的意思。如：Heistallwhilehisbrotherisshort.

當(dāng)when,as,while表示“在…一段時(shí)間里”，主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，可以換用。如：

While(When或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.（2）如果when和before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時(shí)不要譯成“當(dāng)…時(shí)候”和“在…之前”，而要譯成“就”、“才”、“這時(shí)”等。如：ThestrugglelastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.(3)bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作為連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.Youmustshowhiminimmediatelyhecomes.IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.Bythetimehewasfourteen,hehadtaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.(4)till和until①如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到…為止”。如：

Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.②如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，則用否定式的主句表示“直到…才”。如：Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.③放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)一般用until。如：Untilhereturns,nothingcanbedone.（5）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用任何一種將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。Itwasquitesometime____thepresidentmanagedtosavehisfirmfromnearbankruptcy.(2005.46)A.beforeB.thatC.whenD.until2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：通常由連詞where和wherever引導(dǎo),如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.Whereveryougo,youmustwritetoyourparents.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.3.原因狀語(yǔ)從句：通常由連詞：because,as,since,nowthat引導(dǎo)。區(qū)別是:because：表示“因?yàn)椤?，直接而明確的原因和理由，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，why提問(wèn)的句子一般都用because回答。Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.since：表示“既然”，語(yǔ)氣比because弱。Sinceyouarehere,youmustdoit.as：表示“因?yàn)椤闭Z(yǔ)氣比because弱，引導(dǎo)從句可放主句前也可放主句后。Youneedn’tgowithme,asyouarebusy.AsIwasafraid,Ihidmyself.nowthat意思與since相似，表示“既然”。Nowthatalltheguestshavearrived,let’shaveourdinner.注意：①在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，不可用as或

since，如：Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.②because可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,而as,since不可以.It’sbecauseheistoolazy.③for也表示“因?yàn)椤?，語(yǔ)氣比較強(qiáng)。Itmustbemorning,forthebirdsaresinging.____yourealizeyourtroublewithEnglishlearning,youcantakesomeeffectivesteps.(2011.39)A.NowthatB.FromthenonC.EversinceD.Bynow4.目的狀語(yǔ)從句：通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase（以防、免得）等引導(dǎo)：Shemarriedhimsothatshemighttendandcomforthim.Iexplainedagainandagainincaseheshouldmisunderstandme.5.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：由so…that,such…that等引導(dǎo)：Thereweresomanypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tspeak.Hegotsolittlepaythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.6.條件狀語(yǔ)從句:由if,unless,aslongas(=solongas)(只要),等引導(dǎo)：Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theywillgiveoffpoisonousgases.Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail.Youcangoout,aslongas(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.

注意：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不可用將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。Everyonecanborrowthisdictionary____hekeepsitclean;otherwisehewillhavetopayforthedamage.(2005.37)A.asfarasB.soasthatC.assoonasD.aslongas7.方式狀語(yǔ)從句：由連詞：as,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)：Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewerebreathing.asif和asthough意義和用法大致一樣，引導(dǎo)的從句多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.Hewalkedasifhewasdrunk.

8.比較狀語(yǔ)從句：由連詞as…as,notso(as)…as,than等引導(dǎo)：Ithinkitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.

Noonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.Hecan’trunsofastasshe.

that引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，than前后必須為同一事物。（錯(cuò)誤）Theweatherofthesouthiswetterthanthenorth.（正確）Theweatherofthesouthiswetterthanthatofthenorth.注意：“the+比較級(jí)(接從句)，the+比較級(jí)(接主句)，這一句型也歸在比較狀語(yǔ)從句內(nèi)。如：Themore,thebetter.Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.Themorefriendsyouhave,thelesstimeyouwillspendoneachperson.9.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：由though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引導(dǎo).whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhoweverwh-evernomatterwhonomatterwhatnomatterwhichnomatterwhennomatterwherenomatterhownomatterwh-Whenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayse.Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.Taketheoneyoulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthink