中國(guó)戲曲的起源和發(fā)展

Theoriginanddevelopmentchineseoperas中國(guó)戲曲Theoperasoforiginanddevelopment

PreparationprocessChinaoperacultureisverylong,thetimespanofuptothousandsofyears.Chinaoperas,originatedfromtheprimitivedance.At

theendoftheXiaDynasty,thecourtjesterplayfunnyfunasthemaincontentandtoperformfortheoccupationofthepai.TheHanDynasty,inordertoshow(stunts)astherepresentativeofthefolkdanceemerged.TheSuiandTangDynasties,armyplaypopularopposition.Twosongtimes,intheZhejiangWenzhouareabegananewformofdramaisthedrama.NanximarkstheofficialbirthofChinaopera,dramahasbeencalledthe"fatherofChineseoperas".12世紀(jì)30年代兩宋之交時(shí)期，在浙江溫州一帶開始出現(xiàn)一種新的戲劇形式即南戲。南戲綜合運(yùn)用歌唱、對(duì)白、舞蹈等形式，來(lái)表現(xiàn)完整的故事情節(jié)和比較復(fù)雜的場(chǎng)景，標(biāo)志著中國(guó)戲曲的正式誕生，南戲也由此被稱為“百戲之祖”。YuanDynasty,northernregionalsoformedanewcomprehensivedramaartisthedramaoftheyuandynasty.InChinesedramainthehistoryoftheYuanDynasty,isofepoch-makingsignificance,itisasymbolofChinaoperacultureenteredamaturestage,theemergenceofalargenumberofancientworks,suchasGuanHanqing's"doueyuan",WangShifu's"theWestChamber",BaiPu's"Indusrain"etc..元代，北方地區(qū)也形成了一種新的綜合性戲劇藝術(shù)即元雜劇。在中國(guó)戲劇史上，元雜劇具有劃時(shí)代的意義，它象征著中國(guó)戲曲文化進(jìn)入成熟階段，出現(xiàn)了一大批流傳千古的優(yōu)秀劇目，如關(guān)漢卿的《竇娥冤》、王實(shí)甫的《西廂記》、白樸的《梧桐雨》等。TheearlyQingDynasty,Chinadramatocontinuethedevelopment,mainachievementistheriseofLegendsofMingandQingDynasty,theprosperityoflocaloperas.清前期，中國(guó)戲曲繼續(xù)發(fā)展，主要成就是明清傳奇、雜劇的繁榮和清代地方戲的興起。ThelateQingDynasty,influencedbypoliticalfactors,localoperatoBeijingaggr