分院新生準(zhǔn)備金屬屑

發(fā)動機(jī)金屬屑

常見金屬屑

分析與處理許小強(qiáng)2004-5-132GENERALINFORMATION

綜述1.DON'TPANIConsmallamountsofshinyflakesorsmallamountsofshorthair-likebitsofmagneticmaterial.Experiencehasshownthatenginesaresometimespulledunnecessarily.發(fā)動機(jī)出現(xiàn)少量閃亮的薄片或少量短毛發(fā)狀磁性材料，經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明沒有必要每次都要拆下發(fā)動機(jī)。2004-5-1332.DON'TPANICifit'salowtimeengine.Afewbitsofmetalleftfrommanufacturingarenottoomonintheoilscreenorfiltersonnew,remanufactured,oroverhauledengines.對于新的、翻新的或翻修的發(fā)動機(jī)，如果使用時間很短，在滑油濾網(wǎng)或油濾中發(fā)現(xiàn)加工過程中殘留的少量金屬也并不是太罕見。因此也不要驚慌。2004-5-1343.DON'TPANIC.Againifit'salow-timeengine,itmaybeareplacementforonethathadpreviouslysufferedastructuralfailure.Themetalmayhavejustbeendislodgedfromsomehidingplaceintheoilcooler,oillinesoroiltank.如果是使用時間很短的發(fā)動機(jī)，可能前面換下來的發(fā)動機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)問題產(chǎn)生的金屬屑?xì)埓嬖诨蜕崞?、滑油管路或滑油箱中的隱匿部位，在工作中沖到滑油系統(tǒng)。2004-5-1354.Item3bringsuptheimportanceofproperlycleaningallitemstransferredfromafailedenginetoareplacementengine.Ondrysumpengines,don'toverlookcleaningoftheoiltank.Oilcoolersandoillinesshouldbecleanedbyaprovenmethod,orreplaced.對于第三條所述的由故障發(fā)動機(jī)帶給換上發(fā)動機(jī)金屬屑的所有項(xiàng)目都要認(rèn)真清洗，對于收油池發(fā)動機(jī)不需清洗滑油箱，滑油散熱器和導(dǎo)管采用有效的方法進(jìn)行清晰或更換。2004-5-1365.Insomerarecaseswherethepleatedcylindricaltypeoilscreenisused,thescreenitselfmaybemakingmetal.Closelyinspecttheendoftheinternalreliefvalveball.Iftheballisdeformed,thismaybetheculprit.Replacethescreenassembly.在極少數(shù)使用褶狀圓柱型滑油濾網(wǎng)的情況下，濾網(wǎng)本身可能產(chǎn)生金屬。仔細(xì)檢查里面釋壓活門滾珠端，如果滾珠變形，這可能就是原因所在。更換滑油濾網(wǎng)。2004-5-137EXAMPLES

舉例說明1.Severalpiecesofshinyflake-like,nonmagnetic,orseveralshorthair-likepiecesofmagneticmaterial–placeaircraftbackinserviceandagaincheckoilscreenorfilterin25hours.幾片閃亮的非磁性薄片，或幾段短毛發(fā)狀磁性材料。--飛行25小時再檢查油濾和滑油濾網(wǎng)。2004-5-1382.AsinItem1,butlargeramount,suchas45-60smallpieces-cleanscreen,drainoil,andrefill.Runengineongroundfor20-30minutes.Inspectscreen.Ifclean,flyaircraftfor1to2hoursandagaininspectscreen.Ifclean,inspectscreenafter10hoursofflighttime.在上述1中，如果量比較大，45-60片。清洗滑油濾網(wǎng)，更換滑油（必要時更換散熱器、清洗管路），地面運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)動機(jī)20-30分鐘，再檢查滑油濾網(wǎng)如果清潔,飛行1-2小時,再檢查滑油濾網(wǎng)，如果清潔,飛行10小時,再檢查滑油濾網(wǎng)，2004-5-1393.Chunksofmetalranginginsizeofbrokenleadpencilpointorgreater.Removesuction(sump)screenaslargepiecesofmetalmayhavefallenintothesump.Inanyevent,groundaircraftandconductinvestigation.Amixtureofmagneticandnonmagneticmaterialinthiscaseoftentimesmeansvalveorringandpistonfailure.Removingbottomsparkplugsusuallyrevealstheoffendingcylinder.2004-5-1310出現(xiàn)象鉛筆尖或比其大的塊狀金屬屑。拆下收油池滑油濾網(wǎng)，可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)掉進(jìn)收油池的大的金屬屑，無論如何，停止飛行，調(diào)查原因。常見情況出現(xiàn)磁性與非磁性混合材料，這種情況表明氣門、漲圈和活塞故障。拆下下部火花塞一般會發(fā)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)問題的氣缸。2004-5-13114.Nonmagneticplatingaveragingapproximately1/16"indiameter;mayhaveCOPPERISHtint.Quantityfound-1/4teaspoonfulormore;groundaircraftandinvestigate.2004-5-1312非磁性含銅成分鍍層，如果直徑大約1/16吋，數(shù)量為1/4叉勺，停下飛機(jī)查明原因.5.SameasItem4,butmaybeslightlylargerinsizeandminuscopperiesttint.Ondirectdriveengines,propelleractionmaybeimpaired.Groundaircraftandinvestigate.跟上述4一樣,但尺寸大些,含銅成分少些,在直接驅(qū)動式發(fā)動機(jī)上,螺旋槳工作性能可能變差,停下飛機(jī)查明原因.2004-5-13136.Nonmagneticmetalbrassorcopperiestcolored.Resemblescoarsesandinconsistency.Quantityof1/4teaspoonfulormore-groundaircraftandinvestigate.出現(xiàn)非磁性黃銅或含銅色金屬,類似粘狀粗砂,數(shù)量在1/4茶勺或更多,停下飛機(jī)查明原因.2004-5-13147.Anytimemetalisfoundintheamountof1/2teaspoonfulormore,itisusuallygroundsforengineremoval.Anexceptionshouldbewhereproblemisconfinedtoonecylinderassembly(rings,valves,piston,cylinder).Inthiscase,iftheentireenginedoesnotappeartobecontaminated,theoffendingcylinderassemblykitmaybereplaced.Aftercorrectiveactioniscompleted,conducttheroutinegroundrunningandscreeninspectionaspreviouslydescribedinItem2.2004-5-1315在任何時候,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)金屬屑數(shù)量在1/2茶勺或更多,通常需要更換發(fā)動機(jī).一種情況出外,就是確定問題出現(xiàn)在氣缸組件(漲圈,氣門,活塞,缸體),在這種情況下.如果整臺發(fā)動機(jī)遭受污染,更換出現(xiàn)問題的氣缸組件,地面試車并檢查油濾.2004-5-1316Asanimportantpostscriptto"SuggestionsifMetalisFoundintheScreensorFilter,"factorypersonnelhaveeconcernedoverunnecessaryengineremovalsbecausemetalwasfoundinareplacementengineafterapriormalfunctioningenginewasremoved.Theseunfortunateengineremovalswerelargelycausedbymaintenancepersonnelfailingtothoroughlyflushandcleanallaircraftoilsystemcomponents.2004-5-1317作為“如果在濾網(wǎng)和油濾中發(fā)現(xiàn)金屬屑的建議”的重要的結(jié)束語:工廠的人員越來越關(guān)心先前故障發(fā)動機(jī)換下后換上發(fā)動機(jī)由于發(fā)現(xiàn)金屬屑造成不必要的更換.這些不幸被換下的發(fā)動機(jī)主要原因是由于機(jī)務(wù)人員未能徹底沖洗和清潔飛機(jī)的滑油系統(tǒng)部件.2004-5-1318Becauseofthedifficultyofremovingcontaminationfromoilcooler,itisstronglysuggestedthatanewoilcoolerbeusedwiththereplacementenginewhenanengineisremovedbecauseitfailed.由于從滑油散熱器清除污染具有難度,極力建議當(dāng)發(fā)動機(jī)由于金屬屑更換發(fā)動機(jī)時,同時更換滑油散熱器.2004-5-1319在維修中遇到在收油池或油濾或?yàn)V網(wǎng)處發(fā)現(xiàn)碎墊片在發(fā)動機(jī)中能夠出現(xiàn)墊片的可能性滑油泵齒輪的墊片厚度大約1.5mm，內(nèi)徑大約8.3mm，外徑大約