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2022年廣東省佛山市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題一卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.
Privateautomobileisthemostimportantmodeoftransportationinrecentdecades.
A.YB.NC.NG
2.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,howmanypeopleamkilledbyoutdoorairpollution?
A.3millionB.2.1millionC.1.6millionD.3.2million
3.
Sincerainforestbacteriaandtreesdependoncactiotherforlife,therelationshiptheyform.istermed______.
4.
Mostparentsadmithavingastrongpreferenceovertheolderchildbecausetheytendtobesadder.
A.YB.NC.NG
5.
Ifyouhaveafever,youmuststayinbed.
A.YB.NC.NG
6.______hastemporaryeffectonrelievingstress,butnotoneliminatingit.
A.Goingwindow-shopping
B.Readingagoodbook
C.Usingprescriptionmedications
D.Eatingproperly
7.
Theacademicpaperundergraduateswriteattheuniversityisforacademicpurpose.
A.YB.NC.NG
8.
Onereasonwhycollegesincreasetuitionandfeesisthatthestatesupportisshrinking.
A.YB.NC.NG
9.
TheCanadiangovernmentdidn'twanttoreducecod.catchespre-1992becausetheywereworriedabout______.
A.drasticmeasures
B.theecologicaleffects
C.themarineecosystem
D.possiblerisingunemployment
10.
SomeEuropeancountriesarerestrictingtheplantingandimportationofGMagriculturalproductsbecauseGMcropscouldposeuniqueriskstotheenvironmentandtohealth.
A.YB.NC.NG
11.Herearesomeofthemostcommonreasonskidshateschool—andstrategiestoputthembackontheroadtoSuccess.
CopingWithAnxietyandLoneliness
Withjustafewminutesleftbeforeschoolwastostart,mysix-year-old,Dustin,waspouting."Idon'twanttogo,"hesaid.Eversincehe'denteredfirstgrade,hehatedschool.What'sgoingon?Ithoughtashetrudgedoutthedoor.Ifhehatesschoolthismuchnow,howbadwillitbelateron?
Everykidoccasionallygrumblesaboutschool.Butfivetotenpercentofkidsdislikeitsomuchthattheydon'twanttoattend,saysChristopherKearney,directoroftheChildSchoolRefusalandAnxietyDisordersClinicattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas.
Ifachildseemsdepressedoranxiousaboutschool,fakesillnesstostayhome,repeatedlywindsupinthenurse'sorprincipal'soffice,orrefusestotalkaboutlargechunksoftheschoolday,youshouldbeconcerned,sayschoolpsychologistsMichaelMartinandCynthiaWaltman-Greenwood,co-editorsofSolveYourChild'sSchool-RelatedProblems.
Fortunately,youcanusuallysolvetheproblem—sometimesveryeasily.Inourcase,myhusbandandIvisitedDustin'sclassandnoticedthattheteacher,freshoutofcollege,calledonlyonkidswhoscrambledtositrightunderhernose.Dustin,whogenerallysatneartheback,wasignored.Wesimplytoldhimtomoveupfront.Hedid,andhisenthusiasmreturned.
Herearesomeofthemostcommonreasonskidshateschool—andstrategiestoputthembackontheroadtosuccess:
Anxiety.Onefearthatkeepschildrenfromenjoyingschoolisseparationanxiety.Itmostfrequentlyoccursduringtimesoffamilystressorwhenachildisabouttoenteranewschool.
Unfortunately,parentscanfeedachild'sanxietiesbythewaytheyrespond.Withyoungerkids,watchhowyousaygood-byethosefirstfewdaysofschool.Afirm"Haveagreatday,andI'llpickyouupat2:30!"ismoreconfidence-inspiringthan"Don'tworry,Icanbethemintenminutesifyouneedme."
ThomasOllendick,headofananxiety-disordersclinicforchildrenandadolescentsatVirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversityinBlacksburg,Va.,treatedoneboywhowasanxiousaboutenteringmiddleschool.Hewordedabouteverythingfromgettinglostinthenewschooltogettingbeatenup.Hismothertooktimeofffromworksoshecouldstayhometo"bethere"forhim—"inadvertentlysendingthemessagethatsomethingdreadfulmightindeedhappen,"Ollendickrecalls.
Oncethemotherrealizedshewascontributingtotheproblem,shebeganfosteringherson'sindependencebytakinghimtotheschoolsohecouldlearnhiswayaroundandmeethishomeroomteacher.Hisfearsdiminished,andnowhe'sawell-adjustedstudent.
Youcanhelpyourchildhandlefearfulsituations—fromspeakingupinclasstotakingtests—byrehearsingathome.Helpmakelargeprojectslessdauntingbybreakingthemintomanageablepieces.Teachyourchildtoreplacethoughtssuchas"I'mgoingtoflunk"with"Icanhandlethis."
Loneliness.Somekidsdislikeschoolbecausetheyhavenofriends.Thismaybethecaseifyourchildisalwaysalone,feigns(假裝)illnesstoavoidclassoutingsorgivesawaytreasuredpossessionsinanattempttobeliked.
Oftenlonelinessproblemscanbesolvedbybolstering(增強)socialskills."Achildmayneedtolearnhowtolookothersintheeyewhenhespeaks,orhowtotalkaboveawhisper—orbelowayell,"Ollendicksays.Youmightteachayoungchildafew"friendshipopeners",suchas"Myname'sTom.What'syours?Doyouwanttoplaytag?"
"Alotofkidswhoareverylonelyhaveneverbeentoldanythinggoodaboutthemselves,"saysMiamiteacherMattyRodriguez-Walling."Ifalonelykidisskilled
A.YB.NC.NG
12.
ThegreenhouseeffecthaswarmedtheEarthwhentheEarthcameintobeing.
A.YB.NC.NG
13.WorkplaceNegativity
Nothingaffectsemployeemoralemoreadverselythanpersistentworkplacenegativity.Itsaps(消耗)theenergyofyourorganizationanddivertscriticalattentionfromworkandperformance.Negativityoccursintheattitude,outlook,andtalkofonedepartmentmember,orinacrescendo(高潮)ofvoicesrespondingtoaworkplacedecisionorevent.
LearnAboutWorkplaceNegativity
Asamanagerorhumanresourcesprofessional,youarecloselyintouchwithemployeesthroughoutthecompany.Thisallowsyoutokeepyourfingersonthepulseoftheorganizationtosenseworkplacenegativity.Itenablesyoutoestablishandheedearlywarningsignalsthatallisnotwell.Youreceiveemployeecomplaints,doexitinterviewswithemployeeswholeave,andknowthereputationofyourorganizationinyourcommunity.
YouwatchthediscussionsonemployeeIntranets,managetheappraisaland360-degreefeedbackprocess,andcoachmanagersinappropriatestafftreatment.Thisinformationwillhelpyoulearntoidentifythesymptomsofnegativitybeforeitsmorale-bustingconsequencesdamageyourworkplace.Itwillalsoassistyouinpreventingandcuringworkplacenegativity.
DiagnoseWorkplaceNegativity
Negativityisanincreasingproblemintheworkplace,accordingtoGaryS.Topchik,theauthorofManagingWorkplaceNegativity.Hestates,inaManagementReviewarticle,thatnegativityisoftentheresultofalossofconfidence,control,orcommunity.Knowingwhatpeoplearenegativeaboutisthefirststepinsolvingtheproblem.
Inmyexperience,whenrumblings(抱怨)andnegativityarebeginninginyourorganization,talkingwithemployeeswillhelpyouunderstandtheexactproblemsandthedegreetowhichtheproblemsareimpactingyourworkplace.Youwillwanttoidentifytheexactemployeegroupswhoareexperiencingthenegativity,andthenatureoftheissuesthatsparkedtheirunhappiness.
Perhapstheorganizationmadeadecisionthatadverselyaffectedstaff.Perhapstheexecutivemanagerheldastaffmeetingandwasperceivedtothreatenorignorepeopleaskinglegitimatequestions.Maybestaffmembersfeelinsecurebecauseconcernexistsoverlosingaproductline.
Perhapsundergroundrumorsarecirculatingaboutanimpendinglayoff.Peoplemayfeelthattheygivetheorganizationmorethantheyreceiveinreturn.Theymayfeelthatacoworkerismistreatedordeniedadeservedpromotion.
WhenYouAreNotinControloftheNegativity
Negativityoftenoccurswhenpeopleareimpactedbydecisionsandissuesthatareoutoftheircontrol.Examplesoftheseinclude:corporationdownsizing;understaffingthatrequirespeopletoworkmandatoryovertime;budgetreductions;andupper-managementdecisionsthatadverselyimpactmembersofyourstaff.Underthesecircumstances,asahumanresourcesprofessional,trysomeofthefollowingideas.
?Identifyanyaspectsofthesituationthatyoucanimpact,includingprovidingfeedbackinyourorganizationaboutthenegativeimpactthatisoccurring.(Sometimesdecisionsaremadeandnooneunderstandsorpredictstheiroutcome.Sometimesyoucaninfluenceanissueoradecisionifyoupracticepersonal,professionalcourageandspeakyourmind.)
?Listen,listen,listen.Oftenpeoplejustneedasoundingboard.Bevisibleandavailabletostaff.Proactively(積極地)schedulegroupdiscussionsessions,townmeetings,"luncheswiththemanager"orone-on-oneblocksoftime.
?Challengepessimisticthinkingandnegativebeliefsaboutpeople,thecompany,andtheworkarea.Don'tletnegative,falsestatementsgounchallenged.Ifthestatementsaretrue,providetherationale,thecorporatethinking,andtheeventsthatareresponsibleforthenegativecircumstances.Shareeve
A.YB.NC.NG
14.Whyaresleddogssaidtobephysicalwonders?
A.Becausetheyareraisedbywolves.
B.Becausetheycanstandmostsevereweather.
C.BecausetheyarefastestrunneramongArcticanimals.
D.Becausetheycanbeargoodslikehorsesdo.
15.
Studiesofhuman'seatingfishwithPCBshavefoundthat______.
16.
Theauthorrealizedthatworkinglongerhoursatoffice______.
A.resultedinmoreaccomplishment
B.wasoftendemandedbytheboss
C.couldhelpimproveefficiency
D.wasanextremelyfoolishidea
17.
MarkHaywardshadshown______fromhisearlyteensbuthiscounselorshadfailedtowarnhisparentsaboutit.
18.
GeorgeBushisapersonwhoiscapableofrousingpeopletoangerwith_______.
19.
Inthepassage,theauthortakesMichaelEisnerandStevenSpielbergasexamplestoshowthatthesepeoplehaveachievedsuccesswithout______.
20.
A"SloppyJoe"combinescheeseandhamburgermeattogether.
A.YB.NC.NG
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(35)
A.Symbolsofhappiness.
B.Symbolsofgreatness.
C.Examplesofcourageanddetermination.
D.Examplesofglory.
22.(21)
A.Shesmokesslightly.
B.Sheneversmokes.
C.Shedislikesherhusband'ssmoking.
D.Shesmokesheavily.
23.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
聽力原文:M:Now,whatseemstobethetrouble,Mrs.Stephens?
W:I'vebeenverydizzylately,andlastnightIhadsomechestpain.
Q:What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?
(12)
A.Husbandandwife.
B.Doctorandpatient.
C.Teacherandstudent.
D.Doctorandnurse.
24.聽力原文:M:Iusedtogotothecinemaalot.Itdidmakeanicenightout,butnotnow.
W:No,Idon'teither.Therearen'tanygoodadventurousstorieslikethemoviestheymadewhenIwasyoung.
Q:Whatcanbeconcludedfromthisconversation?
(17)
A.Theythinkcinemasaretoofarawayfromtheirhome.
B.Theyaredisappointedwiththefilmsproducedthesedays.
C.Theybothdislikefilmsaboutadventurestories.
D.Theybothliketheideaofgoingtothecinemaatnight.
25.
【B11】
26.(31)
A.200,000tons.
B.2milliontons.
C.20milliontons.
D.2,000tons.
27.(36)
A.Itisvisitedbymanytourists.
B.Itwasneverawildernessliketherestofthecountry.
C.Itisthehomeofmanymodernhistorians.
D.Itisbothabusinessandculturalcenter.
28.(29)
A.Manisalsoakindofanimal.
B.Therehavebeenmenformorethanamillionyears.
C.Likeanyotheranimals,manslowlychangedthroughtime.
D.Thereweremenafewmillionyearsago.
29.(28)
A.Theylivedaluxuriouslifeandtheirdietwasverydelicate.
B.Theylivedahighlycivilizedcourtlife.
C.Theylivedaprimitivelifeandtheirtablemannerswereoftenrude.
D.Theylivedacomparativelyluxuriousbutnot-so-civilizedlife.
30.聽力原文:M:I'dliketospeaktoMr.Jones,please.
W:Sorry,sir.ButMr.Jonesisn'thereanymore.Mr.Williamsisinchargenow.
Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?
(19)
A.Themandoesn'twanttoseeMr.Williams.
B.Mr.JonesisinaninferiorpositionthanMr.Williams.
C.Mr.Jonesusedtobeincharge.
D.Mr.Williamsdoesn'twanttodotomorrow.
31.聽力原文:W:Harry,doyoustillwanttobuytheredearyoulookedatlastweek?Ireallythinkitfitsquitewell.
M:Ianafraidthat'simpossiblebecauseIhaven'tbeenabletocomeupwiththecash,andsomeoneelsehasalreadymadeadownpaymentonit.
Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?
(16)
A.Hecan'taffordthecarfightnow.
B.Hewillbuythecarassoonashehasenoughmoney.
C.Hethinkssomeoneelsehasboughtthecar.
D.Hethinkssomeoneelsehasdestroyedthecar.
32.SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.
聽力原文:Oneautumnmorning,afarmercarriedabigbagofcornonhisshouldertogototown.Onhiswaytothemarket,heputthebagdowninordertomoveitontotheothershoulder,butthebagwassoheavythathecouldn'tliftitupbyhimself.Justthenarichmanpassedbyhim,soheaskedthemantohelphim."WhatareyougoingtopaymeifIhelpyou?"askedtherichman."Nothing,sir",answeredthefarmer.Hearingthis,therichmanhelpedthefarmertoliftthebagontohisshoulder.Thenhemadethefarmerpayhim"Nothing",butthefarmercouldn't,sohetookthefarmerbeforeajudge.
Whenthejudgeheardwhathadhappenedtothem,hethoughtforawhile,"You'reright,sir."Thejudgesaidtotherichman,"Youmustberewarded.Thereisabookonthetablenearyou.Pleasehandittome."
Therichmandidasthejudgeordered."What'sunderthebook?"askedthejudge."Nothing,sir,"answeredtherichman."Well,"thejudgesaidwithasmile,"takethe'nothing'away,then."
(27)
A.Inatown.
B.Onafarm.
C.Atacourt.
D.Onthewaytothemarket.
33.聽力原文:Lighttravelsataspeedthatisaboutamilliontimesfasterthanthespeedofsound.Inonesecond,lighttravelsabout300,000km,butsoundtravelsonlyabout334meters.Youcangetsomeideaofthisdifferencebywatchingthestartofarace.Ifyoustandsomedistanceawayfromthestarter,youcanseesmokecomefromhisgunbeforethesoundreachesyourears.
Thisgreatspeedoflightproducessomestrangefacts.Sunlighttakesabout8minutestoreachus.Ifyoulookatthelightofthemoontonight,rememberthatthelightraysleftthemoon1.3secondsbeforetheyreachedyou.Theneareststarissofarawaythatthelightthatyoucanseefromittonightstartedtotraveltowardsyouaboutfouryearsagoataspeedofnearly20millionkmperminute.Insomecases,thelightfromoneoftonight'sstarsstartedonitsjourneytoyoubeforeyouwereborn.Thus,ifwewanttobehonest,wecannotsay,"thestarsareshiningtonight.”Wehavetosay,"thetarslookpretty.Theywereshiningfouryearsago,buttheirlighthasonlyjustreachedtheearth."
(30)
A.Lightspeedismillionsoftimesfasterthansoundspeed.
B.Lightspeedisamilliontimesslowerthansoundspeed.
C.Lightspeedisaboutmillionsoftimesfasterthansoundspeed.
D.Lightspeedisaboutamilliontimesfasterthansoundspeed.
34.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
聽力原文:W:it'samiraclethatRobertcameoutoftheaircrashalive.
M:That'sindeedamiracle.Alltheotherpassengerswerekilled.
Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?
(12)
A.Robertsurvivedtheplanecrash.
B.Allthepassengerswerekilledintheplanecrash.
C.Robertwaskilledintheaircrash.
D.Robertisawonderworkingperson.
35.
【B3】
36.【B8】
37.聽力原文:W:Howdoyouusuallyspendyourweekend?
M:Inthesummer,Iusuallysitinthepark.Intheautumn,Igoforlongwalks.Atotherstimesoftheyear,Iliketodooddjobsaroundthehouseorpaint.
Q:Whatdoyouteamfromtheconversation?
(18)
A.Themansitsintheparkinspringatweekend.
B.Themandoessomeoddjobsinwinteratweekend.
C.Themangoesforlongwalksinautumnatweekend.
D.Themanliketopainthishouseinsummeratweekend.
38.聽力原文:W:Wherehaveyoubeenallthistime?Thetrainisabouttoleave!
M:IamsorryIamlate,butIwaswaitingforyouattheinformationdeskupstairs.
Q:Wheredidthemanthinktheyweresupposedtomeet?
(15)
A.Attheinformationdesk.
B.Ontheplatform.
C.Onthetrain.
D.Nearthestairs.
39.
【B10】
40.聽力原文:M:Hello,NationalExpressCourierCompany,CustomerServiceDepartment.
W:Hello,IhavesomequestionsaboutapackageI'mgoingtosend.Canyouhelpme?
M:Yes,ma'am.Whatwouldyouliketoknow?
W:Ihaveaboxofhomemadecandy,andIwanttosendittomysister.It'sabirthdaypresent.Doyouhaveanyspecialrolesaboutdeliveringfood?
M:No,notinthiscase,ma'ma.Ifyouweresendingfruitorvegetables,theywouldhavetobepackedspecially.Buttherearenorulesaboutsendingcandy.
W:OK,Ihaveanotherquestion.I'mveryconcernedaboutthepackagereachingmysisterontime.CanyoumakesurethatitwillbetherebyherbirthdayonSaturday?
M:Wheredoesithavetogo?
W:California.
M:Hmm.Saturday'sonlyfourdaysaway.Wehaveapriorityservicethatwouldguaranteedeliveryinthreedaysbutit'smoreexpensivethanourregularrate.
W:Well,Idon'twanttowastemoney,butit'smoreimportantthatthepackagebethereontime.
M:OK.Bringyourpackagetotheoffice,andwe'llsenditbypriorityservice.
W:OK.I’lldothat.Thanksforyourhelp.
M:It'smypleasure.
(23)
A.Sheneedssomeinformation,
B.Shewantspackingmaterials.
C.Sheischeckingherpackage.
D.SheismovingtoCalifornia.
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.
ForAsians,thecomfortablezonewoulddosomethingtoshow______.
42.
Thereisalwaysa"shadow"behindtheuncloakedobjectbecause______.
43.
TheauthormentionssuchmillionairesastheRockefellersandBillGatestoshowthat______.
A.theyareexamplesforusonourroadtowealth
B.aportfolioisessentialtofinancialsuccess
C.theyarereallyrichpeople
D.theystartedoutontheirown
44.
Behaviorismbasicallybelievesin______.
A.motivationB.performanceC.rewardsD.humanfactors
45.Admittedly,minoraccidentsandslip--upscontinuetoshakepublicconfidenceinnuclearpower.Giventheunquantifiablerisksthatnuclearpowercarries,itisonlyrightthattheindustrybesubjectedtothetestofpublicopinionandduepoliticalprocess.However,thisarguesforexceptionalalerts,regulatoryscrutinyandaccountabilityandnotforbansorshut-downs.Thosenuclearoperatorswithagoodsafetyrecorddeservetohavetheirlicensesrenewed,sothatexistingplantsmayruntotheendoftheirusefullives.
TheBushadministration'senthusiasticsupportgoesalotfurtherthanthis,however.Italsowantstoseenewplants.Proponentsofnewnuclearpowerstationsmakethreeargumentsintheirfavor.Theywillenhanceenergysecuritybylesseningdependenceonfossilfuels;farfrombeingenvironmentallyharmful,theywillbebeneficialbecausetheywillreducetheoutputofgreenhousegases;and,mostcrucially,theeconomicsofnuclearpowerhasimprovedfromthedayswhenitwaswhollydependentonbail-out(緊急財政支持)andsubsidy.
Yettheseargumentsdonotstanduptoinvestigation.Theclaimthatgovernmentsshouldsupportnuclearpowertoreducetheirvulnerability(致命弱點)totheOPECoilcartel(聯合企業(yè))isdoublyabsurd.Littleoilisusedinpowergeneration:whatnuclearpowerdisplacesismostlynaturalgasandcoal,whicharenotonlymoreplentifulthanoilbutalsogeographicallybetterdistributed.Securityisenhancednotbyseekingenergyself-sufficiencybutthroughdiversificationofsupplies.Creatinglotsoffissilematerialthatmightbepinchedbyterroristsisanoddwaytolookforsecurityanyway.
Whatabouttheargumentthatclimatechangemightbethegreatsaviorofnuclearpower?GlobalwarmingisindeedariskthatshouldbetakenmoreseriouslythantheBushadministrationhassofardone.Nuclearplantsdonotproduceanycarbondioxide,whichistheprincipalgreenhousegas.However,rushinginresponsetobuilddozensofnewnuclearplantswouldbebothneedlesslyexpensiveandenvironmentallyunsound.
Itwouldmakefarmoresensetoadoptacarbontax,whichwouldputcleanenergysourcessuchassolarandwindonanequalfootingwithnuclear,whosewasteposesanundeniable(ifremote)environmentalthreatofitsownforaeonstocome.Governmentsshouldalsodismantle(拆除)allsubsidiesohfossilfuels--especiallyforcoal,thedirtiestofall.Theyshouldadoptreformsthatsendproperpricesignalstothosewhousepower,andsoreduceemissions.Globalwarmingcertainlyprovidesoneargumentinfavorofnuclearpower:butitisnotsufficientonitsowntojustifyanuclearrenaissance.
What'sthepublic'sopinionaboutnuclearindustry?
A.Peoplehavelittleconfidenceinnuclearpowerforthepotentialdisasterofnuclearaccidents.
B.Peoplethinkitimportanttoexercisestrictmonitoringandeffectivemanagementoftheexistingplants.
C.Peoplebelievethebestwaytoavoidnuclearalit,asteristoshutdownallthenuclearpowerstations.
D.Peopleagreetoprohibittheexistingnuclearplantsfromrunningtotheendoftheirusefullives.
46.
Whatistheattitudeoftheshopperstowardsthewrapper?
47.Accordingtotheauthor,Toyota'sfastgrowthinrecentyearswasattributedto______.
48.
Whatistheauthor'sopinionoftheSanAntonioproject?
A.Itisclearlythebestoftheprojectsdiscussed.
B.Itisagoodprojectthatcouldbecopiedinothercities.
C.Theextensiveuseofbulldozersmadetheprojectunnecessarilycostly.
D.Theworkdoneontheriverwasmoreimportantthantheworkdoneonthebuildings.
49.
Physicalfatigueisusuallycausedby______.
A.toomanystimulants
B.excesswastesinthebloodstream
C.diseases
D.lackofexercise
50.Thousandsofteachersattheelementary,secondary,andcollegelevelscantestifythattheirstudents'writingexhibitsatendencytowardasuperficialitythatwasn'tseen,say,10or15yearsago.Itshowsupnotonlyintheirlackofanalyticalskills,butinpoorcommandofgrammarandrhetoric.I'vebeenaskedbyagraduatestudentwhatasemicolonis.ThemechanicsoftheEnglishlanguagehavebeentorturedtopiecesbyTV.Visual,movingimages--whicharethevenueoftelevision--can'tbeheldinthenetofcarefullanguage.Theywanttobreakout.Theyreallyhavenothingtodowithlanguage,grammar,andrhetoric,andtheyhavebecomefractured.
Recentsurveysbydozensoforganizationsalsosuggestthatupto40%oftheAmericanpublicisfunctionallyilliterate.Thatis,ourcitizens'readingandwritingabilities,iftheyhaveany,areimpairedsoseriouslyastorenderthem,inthathandyjargonofourtimes,dysfunctional.Thereadingistaught--TVteachespeoplenottoread.Itrendersthemincapableofengaginginanactivitythatnowisperceivedasstrenuous,becauseitisnotapassivehypnotized(著迷的)state.Passiveasitis,televisionhasinvadedourculturesocompletelythatthemedium'seffectsareevidentineveryquarter,eventheliteraryworld.Itshowsupinsupermarketpaperbacks,fromStephenKing(whohasacertaincleverskill)topulpfiction.ThesereallyareformsofverbalTVliteraturethatissosuperficialthatthosewhoreaditcanrevelinthesamesensationstheyexperiencewhenwatchingtelevision.
Evenmoreimportantly,thegrowinginfluenceoftelevision,Kernansays,haschangedpeople'shabitsandvaluesandaffectedtheirassumptionsabouttheworld.Thesortofreflective,critical,andvalue-ladenthinkingencouragedbybookshasbeenrenderedobsolete.Inthiscontext,wewoulddowelltorecalltheCyclops--theraceofgiantsthat,accordingtoGreekmyth,predatedman.
Quiteliterally,TVaffectsthewaypeoplethink.InFourArgumentsfortheEliminationofTelevision,JerryManderquotesfromtheEmeryReport,preparedbytheCenterforContinuingEducationattheAustralianNationalUniversity,Canberra,that,whenwewatchtelevision,"ourusualprocessesofthinkinganddiscernmentaresemi-functionalatbest."Thestudyalsoarguesthat,"whiletelevisionappearstohavethepotentialtoprovideusefulinformationtoviewers—andiscelebratedforitseducationalfunction—thetechnologyoftelevisionandtheinherentnatureoftheviewingexperienceactuallyinhibitlearningasweusuallythinkofit."
Thethirdparagraphimpliesthat______.
A.readingpulpnovelsisquitedifferentfromwatchingTV
B.TVinfluencesthewritingstyle.ofnovel
C.StephenKingusesacleverskilltomakehisnovelsquitespecial
D.TVruinsstudents'abilitytoread
51.
Whatmeasureshavetheofficialspromisedtotaketodealwiththehealthproblem?
52.【S1】
53.
Incampus-basedprograms,theretirees______.
A.areorganizedtotouraroundcolleges
B.takesimilarcoursesascollegestudents
C.gotoclassestogetherwithcollegestudents
D.areallowedtogetlowmarksinexams
54.
【C7】
55.
Whatdoestheword"aclaim"(Line3,LastParagraph)referto?
A.Peoplearesatisfiedwithwhattheyhavenow.
B.Economicgrowthhasbroughtenoughforus.
C.Peoplearewillingtoreduceinequality.
D.Richrewardswillstimulateinnovation.
56.
Interpersonalconflictintheworkplaceis______.
A.thebaneofallmanagers
B.theproverbialfreelunch
C.aneffectivemanagementtool
D.morecommontodaythaninthepast
57.【S5】
58.Itisprettyhopelessasavenueforopera,ittookyearstobuild,itsarchitectwasforcedtoresignanditwasneverproperlyfinishedinside.Noneofthismatters.TheSydneyOperaHouse,bythereclusiveDanisharchitectJ
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