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時間和空間知到章節(jié)測試答案智慧樹2023年最新中國科學技術大學緒論單元測試

WhichofthefollowingtopicsisNOTcoveredinthiscourse?(

)。

參考答案:

Thethermodynamicsofblackhole

第一章測試

Whichistheweakestinthefourfundamentalinteractions?()。

參考答案:

Gravitation

Whichinteractiondoesphotonmediate?()。

參考答案:

Electromagnetism

WhichisthecorrectformofNewton’sinversesquaregravitylaw?()。

參考答案:

Gravityisuniversalbecausetherearenonegativegravitationalcharge.()

參考答案:

Whichofthefourfundamentalinteractionsarelongdistanceforce?()。

參考答案:

Gravitation;Electromagnetism

Whichisthecorrectformoftheimportantratiointhissection?()。

參考答案:

Whichofthefollowinghasthestrongestgravitationalenvironment?()。

參考答案:

StrandofDNA

Ouruniverseisastronggravitysystem.()

參考答案:

Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutblackholesiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

Theireventhorizonis.

Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutgravitationalwavesiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

asystemconsistingoftwoblackholes(orBH-star)incloseorbitaroundeachothercangenerategravitationalwaves;GW150914isthefirstgravitationalwavesignalhumanobserved.;Gravitationalwavescanpropagatewiththespeedoflight.

第二章測試

Inagravitationalfield,allbodieswiththesameinitialconditionsfollowthesamecurveinspaceandtime.()

參考答案:

Whichisthecorrectformofsumofinterioranglesforatriangleonasphere?()。

參考答案:

Whichisrangeofsumofinterioranglesforatriangleonasphere?()。

參考答案:

Whichiscorrectformoftheratioofthecircumferencetotheradiusofacircleonasphere?()。

參考答案:

Forsomegeometry,thesumoftheinteriorangleofatrianglecanbesmallerthan180degree.()

參考答案:

Thelineelementforageometrymustbepositivedefinite.()

參考答案:

WhichiscorrectformofthelineelementforpolarcoordiantesintheEuclideangeometryofaplane?()。

參考答案:

Whatisthedistancebetweentwopointandonasphereofradiusa?(assuming)()。

參考答案:

Thegeometrywiththelineelementisaxisymmetricaboutaaxis.()

參考答案:

Whatisthecircumferenceofacircleofconstantonageometrywiththelineelement()。

參考答案:

第三章測試

Ifthemotionofagivenparticlesatistiesinsomereferenceframe,thenthisframeiscalledainertialframe.()

參考答案:

Ifreferenceframe(x,y,z)isainertialframeinNewtoniangravity,thenwhichofthefollowingtransformationsalsogiveineritalframe()。

參考答案:

;;

WhichofthefollowingtransformationdoesnotbelongtoGalileantransformation?()。

參考答案:

WhichisthecorrectformofgravitationalpotentialforpointmassM?()。

參考答案:

WhatisthestrengthofgravitationalinteractionbetweentwospheresR1ofmassm1,m2andR1,R2,seperatedbyr?()。

參考答案:

Whichofthefollowingstatementabouttherelationshipbetweengravitationalforceandgravitationalpotentialiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

Gravitationalforcepointsatthedirectinwhichgraviattionalpotentialdecrease.;Largegradientofgravitationalpotentialmeanslargegravitationalforce.

Themassappearinginwhichofthefollowingexpressionisgravitationalmass?()。

參考答案:

InNewtoniangravity,wehavetheassumptionthatgravitationalmassandinertialmassareequaltoeachother.()

參考答案:

Foraparticleofmassm,movinginapotentialV(x),what'sthecorrectformofitsLagrangian?()。

參考答案:

WhatistheequationofmotionfortheLagrangian?()。

參考答案:

第四章測試

TheMaxwellequationstakethesameformineveryinertialframeofNewtonianmechanics.()

參考答案:

WhichofthefollowingstatementabouttheMichelson-Morleyexperimentarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthefollowingspacetimediagramarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

ParticleBmovesfasteratpointIthanpointII.;ParticleAandparticleBaregettingclosertoeachother.

Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthefollowinglightclockexperimentarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

Intheleftpanel,theperiodofpulseis.;Intherightpanel,theperiodofpulsesatisfies.

WhichofthefollowinglineelementcanNOTdescribeMinkowskigeometry?()。

參考答案:

.

Whichsetofpoints(ct,x,y,z)aretimelikeseparated?()。

參考答案:

A(0,0,1,0)andB(2,1,0,0).

Twotwins,AliceandBob,startfromrestatonepointinspaceattimet1inaninertialframe.Alicemovesawayfromthestartingpointbutlaterreturnstorestatthesamepointattimet2.Bobremainsatrestatthestartingpoint.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

AliceageslessthanBob.

AccordingthespacetimediagramoftwoframesO(x,ct)andO'(x',ct'),whichofthefollowingstatementarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

ReferenceBmovesawayfromreferenceAatthespeedof0.6c.InreferenceframeA,arulerisstatic,anditslengthis1m.WhatisthelengthofthisrulermeasuedinreferenceB?()。

參考答案:

0.8m.

Aflashlightisstaticonatrainmovingat0.8c.Whatisthespeedoflightmeasuredbypeoplestandingonthegroundbesidethistrain?()。

參考答案:

c.

第五章測試

Assuminga=(2,1,3,0),b=(1,2,1,4),whatistheresultfora*b?(Herewehaveη=diag(-1,1,1,1))()。

參考答案:

3.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTafourvector?()。

參考答案:

.

Assuming,whatisthecorrespondingfourvelocity?(Hereweassumec=1)()。

參考答案:

.

Foraone-dimensionalmovingparticlesatisfying

,

whatisitsfourvelocity?()。

參考答案:

.

Foraone-dimensionalmovingparticlesatisfying

,

supposingitsmassism,whatisitsfourforce?()。

參考答案:

.

Aparticleofmassmhitanotherparticleofmass2matspeedv.Ifthecollisioniselastic,whatisthetotalenergyofthesystemafterthecollision?()。

參考答案:

.

Theworldlineofafreeparticlebetweentwotimelikeseparatedpointsextremizesthepropertimebetweenthem.()

參考答案:

Asourceanddetectorarespacedacertainangleφapartontheedgeofarotatingdisk.Thesourceemitsradiationatafrequencyωinitsinstantaneousrestframe.Whatfrequencyistheradiationdetectedat?()。

參考答案:

ω.

Arockettravelstowardtheearthwithaspeedof0.8c.Ifthisrocketemitssignaloffrequencyω,what'sthefrequencymeasuredbypeopleontheearth?()。

參考答案:

3ω.

ReferenceBmovesalongthex-axisofreferenceAatspeedv.WhenreferenceAemitsabeamoflightatydirection,theanglebetweenthelightandx'-axisdetectedbyreferenceBis53degrees.Ifwewantthisangletodecreaseto37degrees,howfastshouldreferenceBmove?()。

參考答案:

(4/3)v.

第六章測試

Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

Theequalityofgravitationalandinertialmassisoneofthemostaccuratelytestedprinciplesinallphysics.;Einstein’sequivalenceprinciplesaysthat,thereisnoexperimentthatcandistinguishauniformaccelerationfromauniformgravitationalfield.;IntheEotvosexperiment,thesystemcanbebalancedatrestshowstheequivalenceofgravitationalandinertialmass.;TheEotvosexperimentisafamousexperimentofthetestofequivalenceprinciple.

Assumingtheaccelerationofgravityatthesurfaceoftheearth,howwidetheelevatorhavetobeforethelightraytofallby1mmoverthecourseofitstransit?()。

參考答案:

.

Inaskydivingactivity,youjumpoutsidethesamestaticplane3safterProf.Caijump.Accordingtotheequivalenceprinciple,whoofyoutwohaveaheartjumpingfaster?(Consideridealscenariohere)()。

參考答案:

Prof.Cai.

Bytestingthegravitationalredshift,wecandistinguishbetweenNewtoniangravityandEinstein'sgravity.()

參考答案:

ForasphericalstarofmassMandradiusR,thegravitationalpotentialatthesurfaceis-GM/R,andthegravitationalpotentialfarawayiszero.Whenabeamoflightisemittedataratefromthesurface,whatistheratioofitsfrequencyatspatialinfinityandatthesurface?()。

參考答案:

.

Insideaspaceshuttle,twoping-pongballsareatrest,separatedbys,asshowninthefigure.TheperiodofthespaceshuttleisPandtheradiusoftheearthisR.Aftertimeperiodδtaftertheirrelease,theirseperationbecomess+δs,thenwhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrue?(Assumingtheconditions<<R)()。

參考答案:

null

TheoperationoftheGPSsystemreliesontheaccuratetimemeasurementofsatelliteclock,andthusweneedtotakeintoaccountthegeneralrelativitycorrectioninGPSsystem.()

參考答案:

Ingeneralrelativity,thelineelementofasphericalstarofmassMandradiusRhastheform

.

Whatisthegravitationalpotentialofthisfieldwhere?()。

參考答案:

.

Theformula

alsoholdsinstrongfieldanddynamicfieldscenario.()

參考答案:

Theformula

containsthecontributionofbothspecialrelativityandgeneralrelativity.()

參考答案:

第七章測試

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcoordiantesarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthePenrosediagramforMinkowskispacetimeinNOTcorrect?()。

參考答案:

spatialinfinity.

Consideringthedegreeoffreedomcorrespondingtocoordiantetransformation,whatisthenumberofindependentfunctionsassociatedwithametric?()。

參考答案:

6.

Whichofthefollowingcanbeaphysicallyallowedmetric?()。

參考答案:

.

Whenweworkwithorthonormalbases,thismeansweareworkingwithlocalLorentzframe.()

參考答案:

Inthiswormholespacetime,whichpointistheclosesttothepointr=10b?()。

參考答案:

Pointr=5b.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

Thebaseschosenhereisbothorthonormalbasesandcoordiantebases.

Giventhemetricform

,

andfourvector,whatistheresultfor?()。

參考答案:

.

Whichofthefollowingcanbethenormalvectorofanullsurface?()。

參考答案:

(1,1,0,0).

In4Dspacetime,thenormalvectorofaspacelike3D-surfaceistimelike,andthenormalvectorofatimelike3D-surfaceisspacelike.()

參考答案:

第八章測試

Whichofthefollowingaboutvarianceprincipleandgeodesicarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

Geodesicisakindofanalogyofstraightlineincurvedspacetime.;Theworldlineofafreeparticlebetweentwotimelikeseparatedpointsextremizesthepropertimebetweenthem.;Thedistancealongalightrayiszero.

Whichofthefollowingarecorrectformofgeodesicsoftheplaneinpolarcoordinates?()。

參考答案:

.;.

Thesolutionsforthegeodesicequationsforatwo-dimensionalflatplanearethestraightlines.()

參考答案:

Fromthegeodesicequation

,

whatistheChristoffelsymbol?()。

參考答案:

.

AboutthesymmetricityofChristoffelsymbol,whichstatementiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

βandγaresymmetric.

TheChristoffelsymbolsareequaltozeroinflatspacetime.()

參考答案:

Forthespacetimemetric

,

whichofthefollowingcalculationsarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

.;.

Forawormholegeometry

,

wehavetheradialequationofmotion

.

Foraradialmovingparticlewithinitialvelocity,howmuchtimeittakesforthisparticletomovefromr=r1ror=r2?(r1>r2)()。

參考答案:

.

Thepropertimefornullgeodesicisalwayszero.()

參考答案:

Incurvedspacetime,thetrajectoryoflightisbentbythegravitationalfield.()

參考答案:

第九章測試

WhichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrectabouttheSchwarzschildsolution?()。

參考答案:

Thissolutionisderivedinahospital.;Thisisthefirstexactsolutionofgeneralrelativity.;Itisasphericallysymmetricsolution.

WhichofthefollowingareKillingvectorsinSchwarzschildgeometry?()。

參考答案:

.;.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrectabouttheSchwarzschildsolution?()。

參考答案:

Itisastaticsolution.;Ithasaphysicalsingularityatr=0.

Themassofthesunis.EstimatetheSchwarzschildradiusofthesun?()。

參考答案:

3km.

Abeamoflightoffrequencyωmeasuredbystationaryobserverisemittedatradiusr=4M.Atwhatradiusitsfrequencymeasuredbystationaryobserverreducestoω/2?()。

參考答案:

8M/3.

WhichofthefollowingistheconservedquantitycorrespondingtimeindependenceinSchwarzschildgeometry?()。

參考答案:

.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmassiveparticlemovementinSchwazschildgeometryiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

ParticlewithE=0.02willturnbacktothespatialinfinity.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaboutlightdeflectioninSchwarzschildgeometry?()。

參考答案:

Thedeflectionanglebecomeslargerwithaheaviercentralstar.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaboutlightrayorbitsinSchwarzschildgeometry?()。

參考答案:

Thereisastablecircularorbitr=6M.

Theprecessionoftheperihelionandthelightdeflectionprovideuswithpossiblemethodofgravitationaltheoryexamination.()

參考答案:

第十章測試

AgravitationaltheorymusthavecorrectNewtonianlimit.()

參考答案:

Gravitationalredshiftexperimentisanimportantprobeoftheequivalenceprinciple.()

參考答案:

WhatisthePPNparameterspredictedbygeneralrelativity?()。

參考答案:

.

Whichofthefollowingisnotsolarsystemtestofgeneralrelativity?()。

參考答案:

themergerofbinaryblackhole.

WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtomeasurePPNparameterγ?()。

參考答案:

thetimedelayoflight.;thedeflectionoflight.;theprecessionoftheperihelionofaplanetaryorbit.

WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtomeasurePPNparameterβ?()。

參考答案:

theprecessionoftheperihelionofaplanetaryorbit.

Whichofthefollowinghasthebiggestinfluencetotheprecisionofgravitationalredshiftexperiment?()。

參考答案:

Dopplereffect.

Whyweneedthemoonhereinthelightdeflectexperiment?()。

參考答案:

null

WhyweusedMercuryfortheobservationofperihelionprecession?()。

參考答案:

null

GeneralrelativityistheonlygravitationaltheorywithPPNparameterβ=1andγ=1.()

參考答案:

第十一章測試

Whatwillmetric

beafterthecoordinatetransformation?()。

參考答案:

.

WhichofthefollowingarecorrectaboutthesingularityofSchwarzschildspacetime?()。

參考答案:

Thesingularityatr=0isaphysicalsingularity.;Thesingularityatr=2Misacoordiantesingularity.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTworldlinesforradiallightrays?()。

參考答案:

.

WhichofthefollowingiscorrectabouttheSchwarzschildmetric?()。

參考答案:

Youwillneverbeabletoreachr=0.;Youwillbeabletocrossr=2Mforatmostonce.

Oneobserverfollowsthesurfaceofacollapsingstar,andsendsoutlightsignalsatequalpropertimeintervalsaccordingtoaclockfallingwiththesurface.Anotherobserverreceivesthesesignalsfarawayfromthisthisstar.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

Theformationofablackhole.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectdescriptionofthepicture?()。

參考答案:

Theorientationofthefuturelightconesatdifferentradiiont=constsurface.;Theworldlineofanobserverfallingfreelythroughthehorizonandintothesingularity.;Thebottomsurfaceistheworldsheetsweptoutbythesurfaceofthecollapsingstarasitprogressestoasingularity.;TheverticalcylinderisthehorizonattheSchwarzschildradius.

WhichofthefollowingiscorrectabouttheKruskaldiagramsforSchwarzschildgeometry?()。

參考答案:

a:singularity,b:eventhorizon,c:timellikeworldline,d:constantrline.

WhichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutthePenrosediagramforSchwarzschildgeometry?()。

參考答案:

a:singularity,b:eventhorizon,c:futurenullinfinity,d:spacelikeinfinity.

WhichofthefollowingmetriccanNOTdescribeSchwarzschildspacetime?()。

參考答案:

.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecoordinatechoicearecorrect?()。

參考答案:

InsomerespectsthecausalpropertiesoftheSchwarzschildblackholearemoredirectlyrevealedinKruskal-SzekerescoordinatesthanintheEddingtong-Finkelsteinones.;Kruskal-Szekerescoordinatesarethebasisforotherusefulrepresentationsofblack-holegeometry.

第十二章測試

Whichofthefollowingastrophysicalobjectstypicallytheheaviest?()。

參考答案:

Blackholeingalaxycenters.

WhatisthetypicalmassofblackholeinX-raybinaries?()。

參考答案:

.

PBHwithmass()evaporatetoday。

參考答案:

.;.;.

Whatisthetypicalfrequencybandofblackhole-neutralstarmerger?()。

參考答案:

X-rayband.

Themassfunctionofbinaryblackholemergerdependsontheangleofinclinationoftheorbitalplanetothelineofsight.()

參考答案:

Whatisthecorrectformofthefrequencycalculationofbinaryblackholemerger?()。

參考答案:

.

WhichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutthefeatureofActiveGalaticNuclei?()。

參考答案:

Theyhaveopticalorradiojetsoutflowingmatter.;Theirspectrumisbroadandnonthermal.;Theirluminosityisveryhigh.

Hawkingradiationresultsfromvacuumfluctuationscreatingparticle-antiparticlepairinthevicintyofBHhorizon.()

參考答案:

WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHawkingradiationiscorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

第十三章測試

Accordingtotheweakversionofcosmiccensroshipconjecture,whereofthefollowinganakedsingularityisallowed?()。

參考答案:

thestartofthebigbang.

Accordingtothestrongversionofcosmiccensorshipconjecture,theclassicalfateofallobserversshoulebepredictablefrominitialdata.()

參考答案:

WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectdescriptionofKerrblackhole?()。

參考答案:

null

WhichofthefollowingsoftwaremayhelpyoutogettheKerrsolutionanalytically?()。

參考答案:

Mathematica.

WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutthesymmetrypropertiesandKillingfieldsaboutKerrblackholearecorrect?()。

參考答案:

Ithas2independentKillingfields.;isaKillingfieldofthespacetimerelatedtostationalsymmetry.;SchwarzschildspacetimehasbettersymmetrythanKerrspacetime.

WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutthesymmetrypropertiesandKillingfieldsaboutKerrblackholearecorrect?()。

參考答案:

SchwarzschildspacetimehasbettersymmetrythanKerrspacetime.;Ithas2independentKillingfields.;isaKillingfieldofthespacetimerelatedtostationalsymmetry.

WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutthecoordinatesingularityofKerrspacetimearecorrect?()。

ThemetricofKerrgeometryisgivenby

where

參考答案:

Therearecoordinatesingularitieswhere?vanishes.;ThecoordinatesingularityofKerrspacetimeisjustlikethesingularityinSchwarzschildcoordinatesattheSchwarzschildradius.;Therearetwocoordinatesingularitiesat.

WhereistherealsingularitiesofKerrspacetime?()。

參考答案:

.

SchwarzschildsolutionandKerrsolutionaretheonlyallowedvacuumsolution.()

參考答案:

WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutKerrblackholeiscorrect?(

)。

參考答案:

ThissolutionwasgivenbyKerr.

第十四章測試

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutgravitationalwavesarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

Ourcalculationinthissectionrequiresthatthegravitationalwaveisonlyasmallperturbation.()

參考答案:

ThereisoneparticleAatorigin(0,0,0),andanotherparticleBat(1,0,0).Abeamofgravitationalwavepropagatealongzaxis,andtheamplitudeofthisgravitationalwaveis0.8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

ThereisoneparticleAatorigin(0,0,0),andanotherparticleBat(0,0,1).Abeamofgravitationalwavepropagatealongzaxis,andtheamplitudeofthisgravitationalwaveis0.8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

null

Whichofthefollowingfigureshowthegravitationalwavedescribedbythismetric?()。

參考答案:

.

Forabeamofgravitationalwavepropagatingalongzaxis,howmanyindependentpolarizationsdoesithave?()。

參考答案:

2.

Whichofthefollowingmetriccandescribegravitationalwavepropagatingalongydirection?()。

參考答案:

.

IfthearmlengthofLIGOis4km,andtheamplitudeofthegravitationalwaveis.Trytoestimatethedistancechange?()。

參考答案:

.

Whichofthefollowingarecorrectaboutthegravitationalwavedetection?()。

參考答案:

WhenL1getslarger,L2getssmalleratthesametime.;Theorientationofthisequipmentplayaroleinthefinalsignalreceived.;Thedistancechangeisdetectedbylaserinterference.

Whichofthefollowingarecorrectaboutgravitationalwaves?()。

參考答案:

GWcancarryenergytopropagate.;Theypropagatewiththespeedoflight.;TheenergydensityofGWisdefinedasanaverageoverservalwavelengths.

第十五章測試

Cosmologicalprinciplesaysthattheuniverseisisotropic(thesameinonedirectionasinanyother)andhomogeneous(thesameinoneplaceasinanyother).()

參考答案:

Whichofthefollowingarecorrect?()。

參考答案:

TheFriedmannequationswerederivedin1923.;metricassumesthatouruniverseisspatiallyflat.;theFriedmannequation,conservationequationandequationofstateareindependentfromeachother.

Whichofthefollowingarecorrectaboutthebasicobserv

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