新概念英語第三冊30-39(中英文對照)

新概念英語第三冊3039(中英文對照)新概念英語第三冊3039(中英文對照)30/30PAGE30新概念英語第三冊3039(中英文對照)新概念英語第三冊3039(中英文對照)Lesson30ThedeathofaghostForyearsvillagersbelievedthatEndleyfarmwashaunted.Thefarmwasownedbytwobrothers,JoeandBertCox.Theyemployedafewfarmhands,butnoonewaswillingtoworktherelong.Everytimeaworkergaveuphisjob,hetoldthesamestory.Farmlabourers['leib?]勞動,

勞工,

分娩saidthattheyalwayswokeuptofindtheworkhadbeendoneovernight.Hayhadbeencutandcowshedshadbeencleaned.Afarmworker,whostayedupallnight,claimedtohaveseenafigurecuttingcorn

[k?:n]谷物,

玉米,

傷感平庸作品inthemoonlight.Intime,itbecameanacceptedfactthattheCoxbrothersemployedaconscientious[.k?n?i'en??s]認(rèn)真的,

謹(jǐn)慎的ghostthatdidmostoftheirworkforthem.Noonesuspectedthattheremightbesomeoneelseonthefarmwhohadneverbeenseen.Thiswasindeedthecase.Ashorttimeago,villagerswereastonishedtolearnthattheghostofEndleyhaddied.Everyonewenttothefuneral,forthe'ghost'wasnoneotherthanEricCox,athirdbrotherwhowassupposedtohavediedasayoungman.Afterthefuneral,JoeandBertrevealed[ri'vi:l]

顯示,

透露,

揭示,

展現(xiàn)asecretwhichtheyhadkeptforoverfortyyears.Erichadbeentheeldestsonofthefamily.Hehadbeenobliged[?'blaid?d]義不容辭的,

感激的tojointhearmyduringthefirstWorldWar.Ashehatedarmylifehedecidedtodeserthisregiment['red?im?nt]（軍隊(duì)）團(tuán),

大量（人或物）.Whenhelearntthathewouldbesentabroad,hereturnedtothefarmandhisfartherhidhimuntiltheendofthewar.Fearingtheauthorities[?:'θ?ritis]當(dāng)局,

官方,Ericremainedinhidingafterthewaraswell.HisfathertoldeverybodythatErichadbeenkilledinaction.TheonlyotherpeoplewhoknewthesecretwereJoeandBert.Theydidnoteventelltheirwives.Whentheirfatherdied,theythoughtittheirdutytokeepEricinhiding.Alltheseyears,Erichadlivedasarecluse（隱遁者,寂寞者）.Heusedtosleepduringthedayandworkatnight,quiteunawareofthefactthathehadbecometheghostofEndley.Whenhedied,however,hisbrothersfounditimpossibletokeepthesecretanylonger.誰也沒想到農(nóng)場竟會有一個從未露面的人。但事實(shí)上確有此人。不久之前，村民們驚悉恩得利農(nóng)場的鬼死了。大家都去參加了葬禮，因?yàn)槟恰肮怼辈皇莿e人，正是農(nóng)場主的兄弟埃里克.考科斯。人們以為埃里克年輕時就死了。葬禮之后，喬和鮑勃透露了他們保守了長達(dá)50多年的秘密。埃里克是這家長子。年齡比他兩個弟弟大很多，第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間被迫參軍。他討厭軍旅生活，決定逃離所在部隊(duì)。當(dāng)他了解自己將被派遣出國時，他逃回農(nóng)場，父親把他藏了起來，直到戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束。由于害怕當(dāng)局，埃里克戰(zhàn)后繼續(xù)深藏不露。他的父親告訴大家，埃里克在戰(zhàn)爭中被打死了。除此之外，只有喬與鮑知道這個秘密。但他倆連自己的妻子都沒告訴。父親死后，他們兄弟倆認(rèn)為有責(zé)任繼續(xù)把埃里克藏起來。這些年來，埃里克過著隱士生活，白天睡覺，夜里出來干活，一點(diǎn)不知道自己已成了恩得利家場的活鬼。他死后，他的弟弟們才覺得無法再保守這個秘密了。Lesson31AlovableeccentricTrueeccentricsneverdeliberately[di'lib?ritli]故意地,

不慌不忙地setouttodrawattentiontothemselves.Theydisregardsocialconventionswithoutbeingconsciousthattheyaredoinganythingextraordinary[iks'tr?:dnri]

非凡的,

特別的,

特派的.Thisinvariably[in'v??ri?bli]不變地,

總是,

一貫地winsthemtheloveandrespectofothers,fortheyaddcolourtothedullroutineofeverydaylife.Uptothetimeofhisdeath,RichardColsonwasoneofthemostnotablefiguresinourtown.Hewasashrewd[?ru:d]精明的,

敏銳的,

狡猾的andwealthybusiness-man,buttheordinary['?:dnri]平凡的,

普通的,

平淡的town-folkhardlyknewanythingaboutthissideofhislife.HewasknowntousallasDickieandhiseccentricityhadbecomelegendary['led??nd?ri]

傳說的,

傳奇的,

著名的longbeforehedied.Dickiedislikedsnobs(勢利小人)intensely.Thoughheownedalargecar,hehardlyeverusedit,preferringalwaystogoonfoot.Evenwhenitwasrainingheavily,herefusedtocarryanumbrella.Oneday,hewalkedintoanexpensiveshopafterhavingbeencaughtinaparticularly

heavyshower.Hewantedtobuya&300furcoatforhiswife,buthewasinsuchabedraggled[bi'dr?gld]全身泥污的,

滿身濕透的,

荒廢的conditionthatanassistantrefusedtoservehim.Dickielefttheshopwithoutawordandreturnedcarryingalargeclothbag.Asitwasextremelyheavy,hedumpeditonthecounter.Theassistant[?'sist?nt]

副的,

輔助的askedhimtoleave,butDickiepaidnoattentiontohimandrequestedtoseethemanager.Recognizingwhothecustomerwas,themanagerwasmostapologetic[?.p?l?'d?etik]道歉的,

認(rèn)錯的,

賠罪的and'reprimandedtheassistantseverely.WhenDickiewasgiventhefurcoat,hepresentedtheassistantwiththeclothbag.Itcontained&300inpennies.Heinsistedontheassistant'scountingthemoneybeforeheleft72,000penniesinall!Onanotheroccasion,heinvitedanumberofimportantcriticstoseehisprivatecollectionofmodernpaintings.Thisexhibitionreceivedagreatdealofattentioninthepress,forthoughthepicturesweresupposedtobetheworkoffamousartists,theyhadinfactbeenpaintedbyDickie.Ittookhimfouryearstostagethiselaborate[i'l?b?reit]

詳盡的,

復(fù)雜的,

精心的,

精美的jokesimplytoprovethatcriticsdonotalwaysknowwhattheyaretalkingabout.

真正古怪的人從不有意引人注意。他們不顧社會習(xí)俗，意識不到自己所作所為有什么特殊之處。他們總能贏得別人的喜愛與尊敬，因?yàn)樗麄兘o平淡單一的日常生活增添了色彩。理查德.科爾森生前是我們鎮(zhèn)上最有名望的人之一。他是個精明能干、有錢的商人，但鎮(zhèn)上大部分人對他生活中的這一個方面幾乎一無所知。大家都管他叫迪基。早在他去世前很久，他的古怪行為就成了傳奇故事了。迪基痛恨勢利小人。盡管他有一輛豪華小轎車，但卻很少使用，常常喜歡以步代車。即使大雨傾盆，他也總是拒絕帶傘。一天，他遇上一場瓢潑大雨，淋得透濕。他走進(jìn)一家高級商店，要為妻子買一塊價值300英鎊的手表。但店員見他渾身泥水的樣子，竟不肯接待他。迪基二話沒說就走了。一會兒，他帶著一個大布口袋回到店里。布袋很沉，他重重地把布袋扔在柜臺上。店員讓迪基走開，他置之不理，并要求見經(jīng)理。經(jīng)理認(rèn)出了這位顧客，表示了深深的歉意，還嚴(yán)厲地訓(xùn)斥了店員。店員為迪基拿出了那塊手表，迪基把布口袋遞給他，口袋里面裝著300鎊的便士。他堅持要店員點(diǎn)清那些硬幣后他才離去。這些硬幣加在一起共有30,000枚！還有一次，他邀請一些著名評論家來參觀他私人收藏的現(xiàn)代畫。這次展覽引起報界廣泛注意，因?yàn)檫@些畫名義上是名家的作品，事實(shí)上是迪基自己畫的。他花了4年時間策劃這出精心設(shè)計的鬧劇，只是想證明評論家們有時并不解他們所談?wù)摰氖虑椤esson32AlostshipThesalvage['s?lvid?]救助,

打撈,

搶救operationhadbeenacompletefailure.Thesmallship,Elkor,whichhadbeensearchingtheBarentsSeaforweeks,wasonitswayhome.Aradiomessagefromthemainlandhadbeenreceivedbytheship'scaptaininstructing[in'str?kt]教,

命令,

指導(dǎo)himtogiveupthesearch.Thecaptainknewthatanotherattemptwouldbemadelater,forthesunkenshiphewastryingtofindhadbeencarryingaprecious['pre??s]

寶貴的,

珍貴的,

矯揉造作的cargoofgoldbullion.Despitethemessage,thecaptainoftheElkordecidedtotryoncemore.Thesea-bedwasscouredwithpowerfulnetsandtherewastremendous[tri'mend?s]

巨大的,

驚人的excitementonboardwhenachestwasraisedfromthebottom.Thoughthecrewwereatfirstundertheimpressionthatthelostshiphadbeenfound,thecontentsofthesea-chestprovedthemwrong.Whattheyhadinfactfoundwasashipwhichhadbeensunkmanyyearsbefore.Thechest[t?est]胸部,

胸腔,

箱子,

金庫containedthepersonalbelongingsofaseaman,AlanFielding.Therewerebooks,clothingandphotographs,togetherwithletterswhichtheseaman['si:m?n]海員,

水手hadoncereceivedfromhiswife.ThecaptainoftheElkororderedhismentosalvageasmuchaspossiblefromthewreck.Nothingofvaluewasfound,butthenumerousitemswhichwerebroughttothesurfaceprovedtobeofgreatinterest.Fromaheavygunthatwasraised,thecaptainrealizedthattheshipmusthavebeenacruiser.Inanothersea-chest,whichcontainedthebelongingsofaship'sofficer,therewasanunfinishedletterwhichhadbeenwrittenonMarch14th,1943.ThecaptainlearntfromtheletterthatthenameofthelostshipwastheKaren.Themostvaluablefindofallwastheship'slogbook,partsofwhichitwasstillpossibletoread.Fromthisthecaptainwasabletopiecetogetheralltheinformationthathadcometolight.TheKarenhadbeensailinginaconvoytoRussiawhenshewastorpedoed[t?:'pi:d?u]水雷,

地雷byanenemysubmarine['s?bm?ri:n]潛水艇.ThiswaslaterconfirmedbyanavalofficialattheMinistryofDefenceaftertheElkorhadreturnedhome.AlltheitemsthatwerefoundweresenttotheWar

打撈工作徹底失敗了。小船“埃爾科”號在巴倫支海搜尋了幾個星期之后，正在返航途中。返航前，該船船長收到了大陸發(fā)來的電報，指示他們放棄這次搜尋。船長知道日后還會再作嘗試，因?yàn)樗噲D尋找的沉船上載有一批珍貴的金條。盡管船長接了電報，他還是決定再試一試。他們用結(jié)實(shí)的網(wǎng)把海床搜索了一遍。當(dāng)一只箱子從海底被打撈上來時，甲板上人們激動不已。船員們開始認(rèn)為沉船找著了，但海底沉箱內(nèi)的物品證明他們弄錯了。事實(shí)上，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的是另一艘沉沒多年的船。木箱內(nèi)裝有水手艾倫.菲爾丁的私人財物，其中有書箱、衣服、照片以及水手收到的妻子的來信?！鞍柨啤碧柎L命令船員們盡量從沉船中打撈物品，但沒發(fā)現(xiàn)什么值錢的東西，不過打撈出來的眾多的物品還是引起了大家極大的興趣。從撈起的一門大炮來看，船長認(rèn)為那艘船一定是艘巡洋艦。另一只海底沉箱中裝的是船上一位軍官的財物，其中有一封寫于1943年3月14日的信，但沒有寫完。從這封信中船長了解到沉船船名是“卡倫”號。打撈到的東西中最有價值的是船上的航海日志，其中有一部分仍然清晰可讀。據(jù)此，船長可以將所有的那些已經(jīng)搞清的材料拼湊起來?！翱▊悺碧柈?dāng)年在為其他船只護(hù)航駛往俄國的途中突然遭到敵方潛水艇魚雷的襲擊。這一說法在“埃爾科”號返航后得到的國防部一位海軍官員的證實(shí)。那次打撈到的所有物品均被送往軍事博物館。Lesson33AdaytorememberWehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Whatinvariably[in'v??ri?bli]不變地,

總是,

一貫地happensisthatagreatnumberofthingschoosetogowrongatprecisely[pri'saisli]精確地thesamemoment.Itisasifasingleunimportanteventsetupachainofreactions.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesametime.Thetelephoneringsandthismarkstheprelude['prelju:d]序幕,

前奏,toanunforeseen['?nf?:'si:n]無法預(yù)料的seriesofcatastrophes.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetable-clothoffthetablesmashinghalfyourbestcrockery['r?k?ri]假山庭園,andcuttinghimselfintheprocess.Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtobaby,crockery,etc.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asifthiswerenotenoughtoreduceyoutotears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.Thingscangowrongonabigscale[skeil]刻度,

等級,

規(guī)模,

音階asanumberofpeoplerecentlydiscoveredinParramatta,asuburbofSydney.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocarscollidedandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomanimmediatelybehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapanicandstoppedhercar.Thismadethedriverfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreenandlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,alorry-driverwhowasdrawingupalongsidethecar,pulledupallofasudden.Thelorry['l?ri]卡車wasloadedwithemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthevehicleandontotheroad.Thisledtoyetanotherangryargument.Meanwhile,thetrafficpiledupbehind.Ittookthepolicenearlyanhourtogetthetrafficonthemoveagain.Inthemeantime,thelorry-driverhadtosweepuphundredsofbrokenbottles.Onlytwostraydogsbenefitedfromallthisconfusion,fortheygreedilydevouredwhatwasleftofthecake.Itwasjustoneofthosedays!我們大家都有過事事不順心的日子。一天開始時，可能還不錯，但突然間似乎一切都失去了控制。情況經(jīng)常是這樣的，許許多多的事情都偏偏趕在同一時刻出問題，好像是一件無關(guān)緊要的小事引起了一連串的連鎖反應(yīng)。假設(shè)你在做飯，同時又在照看孩子。這時電話鈴響了。它預(yù)示著一連串意想不到的災(zāi)難的來臨。就在你接電話時，孩子把桌布從桌子上扯下來，將家中最好的陶瓷餐具半數(shù)摔碎，同時也弄傷了他自己。你急急忙忙掛上電話，趕去照看孩子和餐具。這時，飯又燒糊了。好像這一切還不足以使你急得掉淚，你的丈夫接著回來了，事先沒打招呼就帶來3個客人吃飯。

就像許多人最近在悉尼郊區(qū)帕拉馬塔發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，有時亂子會鬧得很大。一天傍晚交通最擁擠時，一輛汽車撞上前面一輛汽車，兩個司機(jī)爭吵起來。緊跟其后的一輛車上的司機(jī)碰巧是個初學(xué)者，她一驚之下突然把車停了下來。她這一停使得跟在后頭的司機(jī)也來個急剎車。司機(jī)妻子正坐在他身邊，手里托著塊大蛋糕。她往前一沖，蛋糕從擋風(fēng)玻璃飛了出去掉到馬路上。此時，一輛卡車正好從后邊開到那輛汽車邊上，司機(jī)看見一塊蛋糕從天而降，緊急剎車?？ㄜ嚿涎b著空啤酒瓶。成百只瓶子順勢從卡車后面滑出車外落在馬路上。這又引起一場唇槍舌劍的爭吵。與此同時，后面的車輛排成了長龍，警察花了將近一個小時才使車輛又開起來。在這段時間里，卡車司機(jī)不得不清掃那幾百只破瓶子。只有兩只野狗從這一片混亂中得到好處，它們貪婪地吃掉了剩下的蛋糕。這就是事事不順心的那么一天！Lesson34AhappydiscoveryAntique[?n'ti:k]古代的,

古老的,

過時的shopsexertapeculiarfascination[.f?sinei??n]魔力,

魅力onagreatmanypeople.Themoreexpensivekindofantiqueshopwhererareobjectsarebeautifullydisplayedinglasscasestokeepthemfreefromdustisusuallyaforbiddingplace.Butnoonehastomusterupcouragetoenteralesspretentious[pri'ten??s]轎飾的,

自負(fù)的,antiqueshop.Thereisalwayshopethatinitslabyrinth['l?b?rinθ]迷宮,

難解的事件ofmusty,dark,disorderedroomsarealraritywillbefoundamongstthepilesofassortedjunkthatlitterthefloors.Noonediscoversararitybychance.Atrulydedicated['dedi.keitid]專注的,

獻(xiàn)身的,

專用的searcherforarttreasuresmusthavepatience,andaboveall,theabilitytorecognizetheworthofsomethingwhenheseesit.Todothis,hemustbeatleastasknowledgeableasthedealer.Likeascientistbentonmakingadiscovery,hemustcherish['t?eri?]珍愛,

抱有,

撫育thehopethatonedayhewillbeamplyrewarded.Myoldfriend,FrankHalliday,isjustsuchaperson.Hehasoftendescribedtomehowhepickedupamasterpiece['mɑ:st?pi:s]杰作foramere&5.OneSaturdaymorning,Frankvisitedanantiqueshopinmyneighbourhood.Ashehadneverbeentherebefore,hefoundagreatdealtointeresthim.ThemorningpassedrapidlyandFrankwasabouttoleavewhenhenoticedalargepacking-caselyingonthefloor.Thedealertoldhimthatithadjustcomein,butthathecouldnotbebotheredtoopenit.Frankbeggedhimtodosoandthedealerreluctantlypriseditopen.Thecontentsweredisappointing.Apartfromaninteresting-lookingcarveddagger,theboxwasfullofcrockery['kr?k?ri]陶器,

瓦器,muchofitbroken.Frankgentlyliftedthecrockeryoutoftheboxandsuddenlynoticedaminiature['mini?t??]小型的,

小規(guī)模的Paintingatthebottomofthepacking-case.AsitscompositionandlineremindedhimofanItalianpaintingheknewwell,hedecidedtobuyit.Glancingatitbriefly,thedealertoldhimthatitwasworth&5.Frankcouldhardlyconcealhisexcitement,forheknewthathehadmadearealdiscovery.ThetinypaintingprovedtobeanunknownmasterpiecebyCorreggioandwasworththousandsofpounds.

古玩店對許多人來說有一種特殊的魅力。高檔一點(diǎn)的古玩店為了防塵，把文物漂亮地陳列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而卻步。而對不太裝腔作勢的古玩店，無論是誰都不用壯著膽子才敢往里進(jìn)。人們還常常有希望在發(fā)霉、陰暗、雜亂無章、迷宮般的店堂里，從雜亂地擺放在地面上的、一堆堆各式各樣的破爛貨里找到一件稀世珍品。無論是誰都不會一下子就發(fā)現(xiàn)一件珍品。一個到處找便宜的人必須具有耐心，而且最重要的是看到珍品時要有鑒別珍品的能力。要做到這一點(diǎn)，他至少要像古董商一樣懂行。他必須像一個專心致志進(jìn)行探索的科學(xué)家那樣抱有這樣的希望，即終有一天，他的努力會取得豐碩的成果。我的老朋友弗蘭克.哈利戴正是這樣一個人。他多次向我詳細(xì)講他如何只花50英鎊便買到一位名家的杰作。一個星期六的上午，弗蘭克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。由于他從未去過那兒，結(jié)果他發(fā)現(xiàn)許多有趣的東西。上午很快過去了，弗蘭克正準(zhǔn)備離去，突然看見地板上放著一只體積很大的貨箱。古董商告訴他那只貨箱剛到不久，但他嫌麻煩不想把它打開。經(jīng)弗蘭克懇求，古董商才勉強(qiáng)把貨箱撬開了。箱內(nèi)東西令人失望。除了一柄式樣別致、雕有花紋的匕首外，貨箱內(nèi)裝滿陶器，而且大部分都已破碎裂。弗蘭克輕輕地把陶器拿出箱子，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)在箱底有一幅微型畫，畫面構(gòu)圖與紙條使他想起一幅他所熟悉的意大利畫，于是他決定將畫買了下來。古董商漫不經(jīng)心看了一眼那幅畫，告訴弗蘭克那畫值50英鎊。弗蘭克幾乎無法掩飾自己興奮的心情，因?yàn)樗靼鬃约喊l(fā)現(xiàn)了一件珍品。那幅不大的畫原來是柯勒喬的一幅未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的杰作，價值幾十萬英鎊。Lesson35JusticewasdoneThewordjusticeisusuallyassociatedwithcourtsoflaw.Wemightsaythatjusticehasbeendonewhenaman'sinnocenceorguilthasbeenprovedbeyonddoubt.Justiceispartofthecomplexmachineryofthelaw.Thosewhoseekit,undertakeanarduousjourneyandcanneverbesurethattheywillfindit.Judges,howeverwiseoreminent,arehumanandcanmakemistakes.

Therearerareinstanceswhenjusticealmostceasestobeanabstractconception.Rewardorpunishmentareoutquiteindependentofhumaninterference.Atsuchtimes,justiceactslikealivingforce.Whenweuseaphraselikeitserveshimright,weare,inpart,admittingthatacertainsetofcircumstanceshasenabledjusticetoactofitsownaccord.

Whenathiefwascaughtonthepremisesofalargefurstoreonemorning,theshopassistantsmusthavefounditimpossibletoresistthetemptationtosay'itserveshimright'.Theshopwasanold-fashionedonewithmanylarge,disusedfireplacesandtall,narrowchimneys.Towardsmidday,agirlheardamuffledcrycomingfrombehindoneofthewalls.Asthecrywasrepeatedseveraltimes,sherantotellthemanagerwhopromptlyrangupthefire-brigade.Thecryhadcertainlycomefromoneofthechimneys,butasthereweresomanyofthem,thefiremencouldnotbecertainwhichoneitwas.Theylocatedtherightchimneybytappingatthewallsandlisteningfortheman'scries.Afterchippingthroughawallwhichwaseighteeninchesthick,theyfoundthatamanhadbeentrappedinthechimney.Asitwasextremelynarrow,themanwasunabletomove,butthefiremenwereeventuallyabletofreehimbycuttingahugeholeinthewall.Thesorry-looking,blackenedfigurethatemerged,atonceadmittedthathehadtriedtobreakintotheshopduringthenightbuthadgotstuckinthechimney.Hehadbeentherefornearlytenhours.Justicehadbeendoneevenbeforethemanwashandedovertothepolice.

“正義”這個詞常常是同法庭連在一起的。當(dāng)某人被證據(jù)確鑿地證明無罪的時候，我們也許會說正義得到了伸張。正義是復(fù)雜的法律機(jī)器組成部分。那些尋求正義的人走的是一條崎嶇的道路，從來沒有把握他們最終將到正義。法官無論如何聰明與有名，畢竟也是人，也會出差錯的。在個別情況下，正義不再是一種抽象概念。獎懲的實(shí)施是不受人意志支配的。在這種時候，正義像一種有生命的力量行使其職能。當(dāng)我們說“他罪有應(yīng)得”這句話的時候，我們部分承認(rèn)了某種特定的環(huán)境使得正義自動地起了作用。一天上午，當(dāng)一個小偷在一家大型珠寶店里被人抓住的時候，店員一定會忍不住說：“他罪有應(yīng)得。”那是一座老式的、經(jīng)過改造的房子，店里有許多廢置不用的大壁爐和又高又窄的煙囪?？斓街形绲臅r候，一個女售貨員聽見從一堵墻里傳出一種悶聲悶氣的叫聲。由于這種喊叫聲重復(fù)了幾次，她跑去報告經(jīng)理，經(jīng)理當(dāng)即給消防隊(duì)掛了電話。喊叫聲肯定是從煙囪里傳出來的，然而，因?yàn)闊焽杼?，消防?duì)員無法確定到底是哪一個。他們通過叫擊煙囪傾叫聲而確定傳出聲音的那個煙囪。他們鑿?fù)噶?8英寸厚的墻壁，發(fā)現(xiàn)有個人卡在煙囪里。由于煙囪太窄，那人無法動彈。消防隊(duì)員在墻上挖了個大洞，才終于把他解救出來。那個看來滿臉沮喪、渾身漆黑的家伙從煙囪里一出來，就承認(rèn)頭天夜里他企圖到店里行竅，但讓煙囪卡住了。他已經(jīng)在煙囪里被困了將近10個小時。甚至在那人還沒被送交給警察之前，正義就已得到了伸張。Lesson36AchanceinamillionWearelesscredulousthanweusedtobeInthenineteenthcentury,anovelistwouldbringhisstorytoaconclusionbypresentinghisreaderswithaseriesofcoincidences--mostofthemwildlyimprobable.Readershappilyacceptedthefactthatanobscuremaid-servantwasreallythehero'smother.Along-lostbrother,whowaspresumeddead,wasreallyaliveallthetimeandwickedlyplottingtobringaboutthehero'sdown-fall.Andsoon.Modernreaderswouldfindsuchnaivesolutionstotallyunacceptable.Yet,inreallife,circumstancesdosometimesconspiretobringaboutcoincidenceswhichanyonebutanineteenthcenturynovelistwouldfindincredible.AGermantaxi-driver,FranzBussman,recentlyfoundabrotherwhowasthoughttohavebeenkilledtwentyyearsbefore.Whileonawalkingtourwithhiswife,hestoppedtotalktoaworkman.Aftertheyhadgoneon,MrsBussmancommentedontheworkman'scloseresemblancetoherhusbandandevensuggestedthathemightbehisbrother.Franzpouredscornontheidea,pointingoutthathisbrotherhadbeenkilledinactionduringthewar.ThoughMrsBussmanwasfullyacquaintedwiththisstory,shethoughtthattherewasachanceinamillionthatshemightberight.Afewdayslater,shesentaboytotheworkmantoaskhimifhisnamewasHansBussman,Needlesstosay,theman'snamewasHansBussmanandhereallywasFranz'slong-lostbrother.Whenthebrotherswerere-united,Hansexplainedhowitwasthathewasstillalive.Afterhavingbeenwoundedtowardstheendofthewar,hehadbeensenttohospitalandwasseparatedfromhisunit.ThehospitalhadbeenbombedandHanshadmadehiswaybackintoWesternGermanyonfoot.Meanwhile,hisunitwaslostandallrecordsofhimhadbeendestroyed.Hansreturnedtohisfamilyhome,butthehousehadbeenbombedandnooneintheneighbourhoodknewwhathadbecomeoftheinhabitants.Assumingthathisfamilyhadbeenkilledduringanair-raid,HanssettleddowninaVillagefiftymilesawaywherehehadremainedeversince.

我們不再像以往那樣輕易相信別人了。在19世紀(jì)，小說家常在小說結(jié)尾處給讀者準(zhǔn)備一系列的巧合——大部分是牽強(qiáng)附會，極不可能的。當(dāng)時的讀者卻愉快地接受這樣一些事實(shí)，一個低賤的女傭?qū)嶋H上是主人公的母親；主人公一位長期失散的兄弟，大家都以為死了，實(shí)際上一直活著，并且正在策劃暗算主人公；如此等等，現(xiàn)代讀者會覺得這種天真的結(jié)局完全無法接受。不過，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，有時確實(shí)會出現(xiàn)一些巧合，這些巧合除了19世紀(jì)小說家外誰也不會相信。當(dāng)我是個孩子的時候，我祖父給我講了一位德國出租汽車司機(jī)弗朗茲。巴斯曼如何找到了據(jù)信已在20年前死去的兄弟的事。一次，他與妻子徒步旅行。途中，停下來與一個工人交談，接著他們繼續(xù)往前走去。巴斯曼夫人說那工人與她丈夫相貌很像，甚至猜測他可能就是她丈夫的兄弟。弗朗茲對此不屑一顧，指出他兄弟已經(jīng)在戰(zhàn)爭中陣亡了。盡管巴斯曼夫人熟知這個情況，但她仍然認(rèn)為自己的想法仍有百萬分之一的可能性。幾天后，她派了一個男孩去問那人是否叫漢斯.巴斯曼。不出巴斯曼夫人所料，那人的名字真是漢斯.巴斯曼，他確實(shí)是弗朗茲失散多年的兄弟。兄弟倆團(tuán)聚之時，漢斯說明了他活下來的經(jīng)過，戰(zhàn)爭即將結(jié)束時，他負(fù)傷被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院，并與部隊(duì)失去聯(lián)系。醫(yī)院遭到轟炸，漢斯步行回到了西德。與此同時，他所在部隊(duì)被擊潰，他的所有檔案材料全部毀于戰(zhàn)火。漢斯重返故里，但他的家已被炸毀，左鄰右舍誰也不知原住戶的下落，漢斯以為全家人都在空襲中遇難，于是便在距此50英里外的一座村子里定居下來，直至當(dāng)日。Lesson37TheWesthavenExpressWehavelearnttoexpectthattrainswillbepunctual.Afteryearsofpre-conditioning,mostofushavedevelopedanunshakablefaithinrailwaytime-tables.Shipsmaybedelayedbystorms;airflightsmaybecancelledbecauseofbadweather;buttrainsmustbeontime.Onlyanexceptionallyheavysnowfallmighttemporarilydislocaterailwayservices.Itisalltooeasytoblametherailwayauthoritieswhensomethingdoesgowrong.Thetruthisthatwhenmistakesoccur,theyaremorelikelytobeoursthantheirs.Afterconsultingmyrailwaytime-table,InotedwithsatisfactionthattherewasanexpresstraintoWesthaven.Itwentdirectfrommylocalstationandthejourneylastedamerehourandseventeenminutes.WhenIboardedthetrain,Icouldnothelpnoticingthatagreatmanylocalpeoplegotonaswell.Atthetime,thisdidnotstrikemeasodd.Ireflectedthattheremustbeagreatmanypeoplebesidesmyselfwhowishedtotakeadvantageofthisexcellentservice.NeitherwasIsurprisedwhenthetrainstoppedatWidley,atinystationafewmilesalongtheline.Evenamightyexpresstraincanbeheldupbysignals.Butwhenthetraindawdledatstationafterstation,Ibegantowonder.Itsuddenlydawnedonmethatthisexpresswasnotroaringdownthelineatninetymilesanhour,butbarelychuggingalongatthirty.Onehourandseventeenminutespassedandwehadnotevencoveredhalfthedistance.IaskedapassengerifthiswastheWesthavenExpress,buthehadnotevenheardofit.Ideterminedtolodgeacomplaintassoonaswearrived.Twohourslater,Iwastalkingangrilytothestation-masteratWesthaven.Whenhedeniedthetrain'sexistence,Iborrowedhiscopyofthetime-table.TherewasanoteoftriumphinmyvoicewhenItoldhimthatitwasthereinblackandwhite.Glancingatitbriefly,hetoldmetolookagain.Atinyasteriskconductedmetoafootnoteatthebottomofthepage.Itsaid:'Thisservicehasbeensuspended.'

我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于相信火車總是準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的。經(jīng)過多年的適應(yīng)，大多數(shù)人對火車時刻表產(chǎn)生了一種不可動搖的信念。輪船船期可能因風(fēng)暴而推延，飛機(jī)航班可能因惡劣天氣而取消，唯有火車必然是準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的。只有非同尋常的大雪才可能暫時打亂鐵路運(yùn)行。因此，一旦鐵路上真出了問題，人們便不加思索地責(zé)備鐵路當(dāng)局。事實(shí)上，差錯很可能是我們自己，而不是鐵路當(dāng)局的。我查看了列車時刻表，滿意地了解到有一趟去威斯特海溫的快車。這是趟直達(dá)車，旅途總共才需1小時17分鐘。上車后，我不禁注意到許多當(dāng)?shù)厝艘采狭塑?。一開始，我并不感到奇怪，我想除我之外，想利用快車之便的也一定大有人在?；疖囬_出幾英里即在一個小站威德里停了下來。對此，我不覺得奇怪，因?yàn)榧幢闶翘貏e快車也可能被信號攔住。但是，當(dāng)火車一站接著一站往前蠕動時，我便產(chǎn)生了懷疑。我突然感到這趟快車并沒以時速90英里的速度呼嘯前進(jìn)，而是卟哧卟哧地向前爬行，時速僅30英里。1小時17分過去了，走了還不到一半路程。我問一位乘客，這是不是開往威斯特海溫的那趟快車，他說從未聽說過有這么一趟快車。我決定到目的地就給鐵路部門提意見。兩小時后，我氣呼呼地同威斯特海溫站站長說起此事。他說根本沒有這趟車。于是我借他本人的列車時刻表，我?guī)е环N勝利者的調(diào)子告訴他那趟車白紙黑字。明明白白印在時刻表上。他迅速地掃視了一眼，讓我再看一遍。一個小小的星形符號把我的目光引到了那頁底部一個說明上。上面寫著：“此趟列車暫停運(yùn)行。”Lesson38ThefirstcalendarFuturehistorianswillbeinauniquepositionwhentheycometorecordthehistoryofourowntimes.Theywillhardlyknowwhichfactstoselectfromthegreatmassofevidencethatsteadilyaccumulates.Whatismoretheywillnothavetorelysolelyonthewrittenword.Films,gramophonerecords,andmagnetictapeswillprovidethemwithabewilderingamountofinformation.Theywillbeable,asitwere,toseeandhearusinaction.Butthehistorianattemptingtoreconstructthedistantpastisalwaysfacedwithadifficulttask.Hehastodeducewhathecanfromthefewscantycluesavailable.Evenseeminglyinsignificantremainscanshedinterestinglightonthehistoryofearlyman.Uptonow,historianshaveassumedthatcalendarscameintobeingwiththeadventofagriculture,forthenmanwasfacedwitharealneedtounderstandsomethingabouttheseasons.Recentscientificevidenceseemstoindicatethatthisassumptionisincorrect.Historianshavelongbeenpuzzledbydots,linesandsymbolswhichhavebeenengravedonwalls,bones,andtheivorytuskofmammoths.ThenomadswhomadethesemarkingslivedbyhuntingandfishingduringthelastIceAge,whichbeganabout35,000B.C.andendedabout10,000B.C.Bycorrelatingmarkingsmadeinvariouspartsoftheworld,historianshavebeenabletoreadthisdifficultcode.Theyhavefoundthatitisconnectedwiththepassageofdaysandthephasesofthemoon.Itis,infact,a,primitivetypeofcalendar.Ithaslongbeenknownthatthehuntingscenesdepictedonwallswerenotsimplyaformofartisticexpression.Theyhadadefinitemeaning,fortheywereasnearasearlymancouldgettowriting.Itispossiblethatthereisadefiniterelationbetweenthesepaintingsandthemarkingsthatsometimesaccompanythem.Itseemsthatmanwasmakingarealefforttounderstandtheseasons20,000yearsearlierthanhasbeensupposed.

未來的歷史學(xué)家在寫我們這一段歷史的時候會別具一格。對于逐漸積累起來的龐大材料，他們幾乎不知道選取哪些好，而且，也不必完全依賴文字材料。電影、錄像、光盤和光盤驅(qū)動器只是能為他們提供令人眼花繚亂的大量信息的幾種手段。他們能夠身臨其境般地觀看我們做事，傾聽我們講話。但是，歷史學(xué)家企圖重現(xiàn)遙遠(yuǎn)的過去可是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，他們必須根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的不充分的線索進(jìn)行推理。即使看起來微不足道的遺物，也可能揭示人類早期歷史的一些有趣的內(nèi)容。歷史學(xué)家迄今認(rèn)為日歷是隨農(nóng)業(yè)的問世而出現(xiàn)的，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時人們面臨著了解四季的實(shí)際需要，但近期科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，好像這種假設(shè)是不正確的。長期以來，歷史學(xué)家一直對雕刻在墻壁上、骨頭上、古代長毛象的象牙上的點(diǎn)、線和形形色色的符號感到困惑不解。這些痕跡是游牧人留下的，他們生活在從公元前約35，000年到公元前10，000年的冰川期的末期，以狩獵、捕魚為生。歷史學(xué)家通過把世界各地留下的這種痕跡放在一起研究，終于弄懂了這種費(fèi)解的代碼。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)代碼與晝夜更迭和月亮圓缺有關(guān)