創(chuàng)意、創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)業(yè)

Creativity,Innovation,EntrepreneurshipandVentureCapital創(chuàng)意、創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)業(yè)與風險投資JointlybyDr.LuWei&Dr.KentMillington1Knowledgeisn’tpower;Knowledgeisubiquitous.Creativityispower知識不是力量，知識到處都有。創(chuàng)意才是力量。2Knowledgeisn’tpower;Knowledgeisubiquitous.Creativityispower知識不是力量，知識到處都有。創(chuàng)意才是力量FEDEXthehub-and-spokesystem聯(lián)邦快遞樞紐輻射式航線系統(tǒng)3Knowledgeisn’tpower;Knowledgeisubiquitous.Creativityispower知識不是力量，知識到處都有。創(chuàng)意才是力量Theamountofknowledge&theabilityofCreativity知識與創(chuàng)意Istoomuchknowledgeabadthing?知識多了無創(chuàng)意？Knowledge知識數(shù)量Knowledge知識數(shù)量Creativity創(chuàng)意能力Creativity創(chuàng)意能力4Fromaleftbrainworldtoarightbrainworld從左腦世界到右腦世界Leftbrainactivitiescanbeautomated,replicatedandoutsourced左腦活動可以自動化，復制和外包Rightbrainactivitiesarecontextual,syntheticandindividual右腦活動時前后關(guān)聯(lián)的，綜合的和個性化的5CREATIVITY:TheProductionofNewandUsefulIdeas創(chuàng)意：新且有用想法的產(chǎn)生

CreativityisthestartingpointforInnovationandBusinessGrowth.創(chuàng)意是創(chuàng)新和公司成長的起點Creativityistheprocessthroughwhichinventionsoccur創(chuàng)意是發(fā)明產(chǎn)生的過程Creativityistheenablingprocessbywhichsomethingnewcomesintoexistence.創(chuàng)意是能使新想法變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實的過程6

Thethreecomponentsofcreativity

創(chuàng)意的三個組成部分Creativethinking創(chuàng)新思維

Howpeopleapproach

problemsandSolutions人們對待問題的方式和解決方案Expertise/

Knowledge技術(shù)/知識Everythingthatapersonknowsandcandointhebroaddomainofhisorherwork一個人在他/她的領域所知道和能做的Motivation激勵動機Determineswhat

peoplewillactuallydo決定人們真的要做的事情7WheredoEntrepreneursGetTheirIdeas?企業(yè)家的想法從哪來？4%5%20%71%DiscoveredthroughsystematicResearch通過系統(tǒng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的SweptintothePCrevolution在計算機革命中的發(fā)現(xiàn)DiscoveredbyLuck運氣Builttemporaryorcasualjobintoabusiness(7%)把一項臨時或偶然的工作發(fā)展為企業(yè)Wantedasanindividualconsumer(6%)作為消費者的需求Happenedtoreadabouttheindustry(4%)偶然閱讀到有關(guān)的行業(yè)Developedfamilymember’sidea(2%)開發(fā)家庭成員的想法ThoughtupduringhoneymooninItaly(1%)在意大利度蜜月時的奇想Replicatedormodifiedanideaencounteredthroughpreviousemployment復制或修正了一個在之前的工作中產(chǎn)生的想法89AdditionalChineseDemographics

其他中國人口統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)By2020,30millionunmarriedyoungmen(barebranches)到2020年，將有三千萬未婚年輕男士（光棍）45%ofyoungwomennotgiveupcareerformarriage45%的年輕女士不會為婚姻而放棄事業(yè)Highestdeathsfromairpollution由空氣污染所導致的死亡率最高10INNOVATION:TheSuccessfulImplementationofIdeas創(chuàng)新：創(chuàng)意的成功實施

Manypeoplehavegreatideasbutdonotknowhowanorganizationhastooperatetogetthingsdone.很多人有很好的想法但卻不知道一個組織必須怎樣運作才能把好的想法變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實。Whenagoodideahasbeenidentified,ithastobeshapedandanalyzedtodetermineifitcanbecomethebasisforanewproductorservice.當一個好想法明確之后，它必須依照一定的方法來分析以確定它是否能成為一個新產(chǎn)品或服務的基礎。

Businessleadershipistheprocessofturningideasintoprofitablenewproductsorbusinesses:Innovation!商界領袖的作為就是把創(chuàng)意變成有利可圖的新產(chǎn)品或商務模式：創(chuàng)新！11Placean“X”intheapproximatelocationofthecompetitorsinyourindustryintermsofpriceandperformance/benefits/valueadded從價格和績效/益處/價值增值的角度出發(fā)，用“x”標出你所在行業(yè)的競爭者們在圖中所處的位置Highest最高Average平均水平Lowest最低Price價格LowestAverageHighest最低平均水平最高Performance/Benefit/ValueAdded績效/益處/價值增值12World’sMostInnovativeCompanies世界上最具創(chuàng)新的公司AppleGoogleToyotaMotorGeneralElectricMicrosoftTataGroupNintendoProctor&GambleSonyNokiaTheCompanieswhoinnovatearethecompanieswholead!創(chuàng)新才能引領！13Discontinuousopportunities:Thesourceofradicalinnovation

跳躍的機會：根本型創(chuàng)新的源泉毗鄰的機會：開發(fā)現(xiàn)有的資產(chǎn)和能力強化狀態(tài)：增加市場份額和利潤(業(yè)務擴展,不是新的企業(yè)發(fā)展)DiscontinuousOpportunitiesCreatenewmarketsandnewproducts毗鄰的機會：增加主要市場需求Existingproducts/Technology現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品/技術(shù)Newproducts/Technology新產(chǎn)品/技術(shù)ExistingMarkets現(xiàn)有市場NewMarkets新市場跳躍的機會：創(chuàng)建新的市場和新的產(chǎn)品14…whichcreatedisproportionatewealthrelativetoadjacentopportunities

兩種類型的機會所產(chǎn)生的財富的比重050100TypeofnewBusinessLaunch新公司Revenues收入Profits利潤61%39%38%62%14%86%AdjacentOpportunities相鄰機會DiscontinuousOpportunities跳躍的機會Source:Chan&Mauborgne(1997)15TechnologyAssessment

技術(shù)評估UnderstandTechnology了解技術(shù)DiscoverPossibleUsesofTechnology發(fā)掘技術(shù)的可能應用UnderstandMarketsforUses

了解技術(shù)應用的市場DetermineHowtoDeliverValue

確定如何傳遞價值16TheProcessofTechnologyCommercialization

技術(shù)商業(yè)化過程CommercializingNewTechnologies,VijayK.Jolly,HarvardBusinessSchoolPress17Creatingoriginalideas創(chuàng)造最初想法Imagining成型Incubating孵化Developingproductideas發(fā)展產(chǎn)品構(gòu)思Demonstrating示范Buildprototypes構(gòu)建產(chǎn)品原型Promoting推廣Buildproducts&introducetomarkets生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品并推向市場Sustaining維護Buildmarkets&improveproducts拓展市場并改進產(chǎn)品Productplanningsteps產(chǎn)品規(guī)劃步驟Businessplanningsteps商業(yè)規(guī)劃步驟Findinterestedpeople&money挖掘潛在客戶及資金Findresourcestobuildprototypes&identifymarkets尋找資源來構(gòu)建產(chǎn)品原型并進行市場識別Buildinitialmarkets&planmarketexpansions建立初級市場并做好市場擴張計劃Developmarketgrowthstrategies規(guī)劃市場拓展方案TechnologyCommercializationProcess技術(shù)商業(yè)化過程ResourceNeeds所需資源

People人力

Small極少 Moderate適度 Medium中等Large多

Physical設備

None無 Moderate適度 Medium中等Large多

Financial財力

None無 Moderate適度 Large多 Largest最多

18ContinuumofInnovation

創(chuàng)新的演變ImitativeIncrementalEvolutionaryRadicalRevolutionary模仿改善改進

革新革命19ContinuumofInnovation創(chuàng)新的類型Imitative:copiessomethingwell-knownandaccepted模仿型：復制著名的已廣為接受的事物Incremental:smallimprovements;faster,better,cheaper增量型：小的改進；更快，更好，更便宜Evolutionary:newtofirmbutnottoworld(i.e.,technologies)優(yōu)化型：對于企業(yè)來說全新的，但是在全世界范圍內(nèi)并不是（例如：技術(shù)）Radical:technologiesthatgivelargeperformanceimprovementsorlowercosts根本型：顯著改善績效或降低成本的技術(shù)Revolutionary:newtoindividual,firm,andtheworld革命型：對個體、公司以及全世界來說都是全新的BestOpportunitiesbetweenIncrementalandRadical最好的機會在增量型和根本型之間20TheCreativity-Innovation-EntrepreneurshipChain

創(chuàng)意-創(chuàng)新-創(chuàng)業(yè)鏈條Entrepreneurship創(chuàng)業(yè)Creationofvalueinthemarketplace在市場上創(chuàng)造價值Exploitationofopportunities發(fā)掘機會Output:newproduct,service,orprocess產(chǎn)出：新產(chǎn)品，服務或程序Innovation創(chuàng)新Refining,evaluationandfirstmaterializationofthenewideas提煉、評估及新想法的第一次具體化Evaluationofopportunities評估機會Output:prototype產(chǎn)出：原創(chuàng)模型Creativity創(chuàng)意Productionofnovelandusefulideas新穎且有用的想法Discoveryofopportunities發(fā)現(xiàn)機會Output:newideas產(chǎn)出：新想法Latestscienceandtechnology最新的科技Needsinsocietyandthemarketplace社會和市場的需求21ENTREPRENEURSHIP:TheARTandSCIENCEofCreatingValue創(chuàng)業(yè)：創(chuàng)造價值的科學與藝術(shù)

ART:Creativity,Energy,Feel,Insight藝術(shù)：創(chuàng)意、激情、知覺，洞察力SCIENCE:Analysis,Discipline,SystematicApproach科學：分析、規(guī)范、系統(tǒng)方法SameProcesswhetherinLargeorStart–upCompanies無論大公司還是新建小公司都是同樣的過程22Fractal：Art?Science?

分形：藝術(shù)？科學？如此絢麗多姿的圖案既不是藝術(shù)家手繪的作品，也不是大自然的鬼斧神工，而是通過建立嚴格的科學方程，在電腦上描繪的。23MonaLisaisnotSmiling

蒙娜利莎并沒有笑“蒙娜麗莎的微笑”充分展現(xiàn)的不是達芬奇的高超畫技，而是他高深的幾何知識和形體結(jié)構(gòu)知識。他對光學、陰影的巧妙運用，讓今天的畫家們?nèi)匀煌麎m莫及。24Entrepreneurship創(chuàng)業(yè)Innovation創(chuàng)新Creativity創(chuàng)意Knowledge知識KNOWLEDGE:TheFirstCommonThread知識：第一個共同的線索BasicIdeasandsketches基本的思路和框架Formulas,patents,prototypes公式、專利、原創(chuàng)模型ProductsorServices產(chǎn)品或服務25Entrepreneurship:AboutPeople

創(chuàng)業(yè)：與人有關(guān)

魯煒DnA+AnD=ActionDnA+AnD=行動DnA=DreamsandAmbitionsDnA=夢想和野心AnD=AnalysisandDisciplineAnD=分析和規(guī)范化方法

26TheEntrepreneurialProcess創(chuàng)業(yè)過程Opportunity機會Resources,4zi資源Team團隊27CAPITALPROVIDERS資本提供者

FriendsandFamily朋友和家庭。Angels–privateinvestorswhoinvesttheirownmoneyandexpertiseinstart-upventuresexpectingahighreturn天使-把自己的錢或技術(shù)投在新創(chuàng)公司，期望高回報的私人投資者。VentureCapitalists-moneymanagerswhoinvestotherpeople’smoneyinmid-andlate-stageventures,expectingahighreturnandanexitstrategy.風險投資家-把別人的錢投到發(fā)展中期和后期的新創(chuàng)公司，期望高回報和退出策略。28VentureFinancingChain融資鏈條Venturecapitalcannotfinanceinnovationonitsown.Dynamicinnovationdemandsa