2022-2023學(xué)年云南省昆明市宜良縣重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷-普通用卷

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年云南省昆明市宜良縣重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）ALondon?sfourwonderfulhotelsHere?sapickoffourwonderfulhotels,eachdifferentintermsofsize,styleandlocation,butallperformingtoanexceptionalstandard.TheGoringHotelSincefirstopeningin1910,itisLondon?soldestfamily-ownedluxuryhotelwiththesecond-largestprivately-ownedgardeninLondonafterBuckinghamPalace.TheroomsofthishotelaresmallerthanthoseofmanyotherLondon?stophotels.Thereare12interconnectingrooms,whichareidealforfamilies.TheBeaumontHotelThis1926building,formerlyaparkinggarage,hasbeentransformedintooneofLondon?shottesthotels.Itsartcollection,personalservice,elegantroomsandhotrestaurantsmakeitafavoriteonourLondonlist.There?salsoanimpressive2.5stafftoeverypersonanda24-hourdoorkeepertomakesurethatguests?needsaremetaroundtheclock.TheBulgariHotelThishotelhassomeofthelargestaccommodationsinthecapital.It?sverymodernandhugewithsixfloorsbelowandnineaboveground.Itfeelsbig,butthereareonly85roomsandsuitesspreadoversixfloors,indicatinghowspacious（寬敞的）theyare.TheBulgariHotelhasmanychild-friendlyroomsandactivitiestokeepthekidsbusy:aswimmingpool,acinema,PlayStations,Xboxandlotsofothergames.TheBulgarispaisspreadovertwostories.Andthedoorkeepercanalsoarrangebabysitting.TheRosewoodHotelRosewoodiswithinwalkingdistanceofmanyofthecity?smainattractions.Fromtheoutside,thebuildingislargeandimpressivewithanelegantcourtyarddesignedforhorse-drawncarriages（四輪馬車）.Thereisalsoagreatspaandfitnesscenter.Asforactivitiesforkids,therearefoodactivities,artandwildlife.ThedoorkeepercanarrangetripstotheLondonZoo.1.WhichofthefollowingdoestheGoringHotelprovide?A.Spaciousrooms. B.Babysittingservice.

C.Alargeprivategarden. D.Aspaandfitnesscenter.2.WhatcanchildrendointheBulgariHotel?A.Enjoygames. B.Watchwildlife.

C.Takepartinfoodactivities. D.Takeahorse-drawncarriage.3.WhichhotelwillyouchooseifyouwanttowalktoLondon?smainattractions?A.TheGoringHotel. B.TheBulgariHotel.

C.TheBeaumontHotel. D.TheRosewoodHotel.BElaineSusharedherexperienceofaskingherneighborstoputupLunarNewYeardecorations，helpinghertwo-year-oldsonexperiencethefestivalaspartofthelargecommunity.Inaneighbourhoodmostlyconsistingofnon-Chineseresidents，morethanhalfofthehouse-holdscomplied（遵守）thetraditionaswell.

InterviewingherforthestoryprovokedmyownmemoriesofcelebratingLunarNewYear.TheholidaywasabigdealformeasakidgrowingupinJiangsu.

LegendsaystheholidayoriginatedwiththefightagainstamythicalbeastcalledNian，whocamedownfromthemountainstohuntpeopleonNewYear'sEve.VillagersdiscoveredthatNianfearedthecolourred，candlelightandloudnoise.Sotheybegantodecoratewiththevibranthue（亮色），lighttheirhomeswithlanternsandsetofffirecrackers（鞭炮）topre-ventitsreturn.

OnNewYear'sEve，myfamilywouldcometogethertocelebratewithfoodpreparedbymygrandma.Momentsbeforethecountdown，thesoundoffirecrackerswouldfilleverycornerofourapartmentandthecelebrationscontinuedintothenextday.

Forbreakfast，wewouldeatyuanxiao，akindofglutinous（糯米的）riceball，whichsymbolizestheideaofreunion.Then，itwasofftovisitmygrandparents，whowerealreadyawaitingusandmyotherextendedfamilywithluckymoneyandmoretraditionaldelicacy!

Myfavouritepartoftheholidaycameaftertheadultswereplayingmahjong.MycousinsandIwerefinallyfreedfromourparents.Withalltheluckymoney，wehitthestreetsandboughtmoresnacksandmorefirecrackers!

HavingimmigratedtoCanadaforyears，IfurtherlosttouchwithmyChinesecultureasIgraduallydivedintomynewlifeinanewcountry.Maybeit'stimeforme，likeher，toreclaimLunarNewYear.4.WhatcanweinferaboutElaineSuinparagraph1？______A.ShemissedherfamilyinChinaverymuch.

B.SheforcedhersontoacceptChinesecustoms.

C.Shesharedherhappymemorieswithherneighbors.

D.ShecelebratedLunarNewYearinanothercountry.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords"provoked"inparagraph2probablymean？______A.Stirredup. B.Wipedout. C.Tookafter. D.Setdown.6.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext？______A.Byanalyzingstudies. B.Byansweringquestions.

C.Byexplainingfactors. D.Bysharingexperience.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.TheOriginoftheChineseLunarNewYear.

B.TheSpringFestivalStoredinMyMemory.

C.AnUnforgettableInterviewonNewYear'sEve.

D.AChineseCelebratingtheSpringFestivalAbroad.CElectriccarsaresupposedtohelptheworldgogreenandstophurtingtheplanet.EngineersatBrownUniversityandtheUniversityofMarylandaretakingthatgoaltoanotherotherlevel，withanewideaforbatteriesmadefromtrees，accordingtonewfindingspublishedinNature.

Lithium-ionbatteries（鋰電池）havebecomethenewformofrechargeablebatteriesthankstotheirextraordinarilylongcharge.You'reprobablyreadingthisstoryfromadevicepoweredbysuchabattery.MostelectriccarslikeonesmadebyTeslauselithium-ionbatteries.Thesebatteriesusealiquidsolutionthatconductslithiumionsfromthebattery'scathodeandanode（陰極和陽極），buttheliquidisnotwhathelpsensureelectricalpowergoesfromthebatterytothedeviceit'spowering.Theproblemisthatthisliquidismadeofharmfulmaterialsthataresometimesunstable.Theysometimeshaveexplosiveresults.Asolidconductingstructurewouldpreventthisfromhappening，butitcouldbelikelytocrackandbreak，makingthebatteryuseless.

Anidealmaterialforsolidstatelithium-ionbatterieswouldbethinandflexibletoresiststructuralstresses，anditiswoodfromatree.Theteaminchargeofthenewresearchdevelopedamixedmaterialmadeofcopper（銅）andfiberscomingfromwood.Theytesteditoutasamodelforconductingionsbackandforthinalithium-ionbattery，andfounditworks10to100timesbetterthanothersolid-stateconductors-arecordhigh.

Thenewfindingsarejustbasedonbasicmodeltests，andarechargeablebatterymadeoftreesisstillquiteawayoff.Butifitpassestestasapracticalformofenergy，itcanverywellreplacerechargeablebatteries.Itisnothardtoimagineelectriccarshavingbettersalesfortheirrealgreen，butsayingthattheirbatteriesarejustmadefromtreesisbeyondourimagination.8.Howareengineersmakingelectriccarsgreeneraccordingtothetext？______A.Byimprovingthematerialsofbatteries.

B.Byreducinglithiumioninthebatteries.

C.Byusingliquidtoconductelectricpower.

D.Byproducingmorelithium-ionbatteries.9.Whatistheadvantageoflithium-ionbatteries？______A.Theycontaineco-friendlyliquid.

B.Theirchargelastsforalongtime.

C.Theyofferelectricalpowerstably.

D.Theyaresafeandunlikelytoexplode.10.Whyiswoodchosenasthesolid-stateconductor？______A.Itisresistanttostructuralpressures.

B.Itismuchthickerandlesschangeable.

C.Itscopperandfibersconductionswell.

D.Itprovestobeapracticalformofenergy.11.Whatcanweinferaboutbatteriesmadeoftreesfromthelastparagraph？______A.Theyhavetakeneffectforalongtime.

B.Theyarestillbeingtestedatpresent.

C.Theywillneverreplacecurrentbatteries.

D.Theywillmakeelectriccarshardtosell.DWhatdoyougetwhenyoupaintapairofeyesonacow'srump（臀部）？Theansweristhatyou'llgetanapproachtoscaringpredators（捕食者）away.Thissimpletrickiscalledthe"i-cow"solution.Theeyespaintedoncows'rumpscantrickcertainpredators，suchaslionsandleopards.

AnexperimentbyAustraliaandBotswanacomparedhowpredatorsreactedtoherdsthathadeyepaintingsontheirrumps，onesthathad"xs"，andsomewithoutanypaintingsatall.Overafour-yearperiod，researchersfoundthat15outofthe835unpaintedcowswerekilledbypredators，4ofthe543cowswith"xs"died，buteverysingleoneofthe683animalswitheyepaintingsontheirrumpswasstillalive.

NeilJordan，abiologistinAustralia，firstcameupwiththemethod.Whilewatchingalionhuntingadeer，henoticedsomethinginteresting."Lionsusuallymoveslowlyandquietlytotheirprey（獵物），getcloseandjumponthem.Butwhenthedeernoticedthelionandthelionrealizedithadbeenseen，itgaveuponthehunt，"hesaid.Later，heworkedwithalocalfarmertotesthisideaoveraperiodof10weeks，andlikethemostrecentresults，allofthecowswithpaintedeyessurvived.

Despitethepositiveresults，Dr.Jordansaysthemethodisn'tasuresolution.Hesaysiffarmerspaintedeyesonthebacksidesofalltheircows，predatorsmightfinallyfigureoutthattheeyesaren'treal.Therefore，furtherresearchshouldbedonetoprovewhetheritiseffective.

Inspiteofthis，he'sstillhopingthatthe"i-cow"willbecomeawidelyusedtechniquetoatleastreducepredator'sattacks."Ithinkthefarmersarejusthappywiththis，"Dr.Jordansays."Afterall，alltheyneedisapaintpot，paintbrushandalittlebitofartistictalent."12.Whatis"i-cow"solutionintendedfor？______A.Protectingcowsfrombeingattacked.

B.Leadingpredatorstothefarm.

C.Informingcowstonoticepredators.

D.Recognizingcowsquickly.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheexperimentinparagraph2？______A.Mostoftheunpaintedcowswerekilled.

B.Theanimalswith"eyes"ontherumpsurvived.

C.Asmallnumberofcowswith"xs"survived.

D.Morethantwentypaintedanimalswerekilled.14.Whatmightbeacauseofthe"i-cow"solution'sfailingtowork？______A.Thefarmerslackbasicpaintingskills.

B.Everysinglecowispaintedeyesontherump.

C.Thereismorethanonepredatoraroundthearea.

D.Predatorsgetcloserandclosertothecows.15.WhydoesDr.Jordanthinkthatfarmerswillfavorhismethod？______A.Itisawidelyrecognizedapproach.

B.Itfollowstheirtraditionalpractice.

C.Itiseasyandcheaptocarryout.

D.Ithasprovedthemosteffective.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Thewaywewatchtelevisionhaschanged，asmanyofusnolongerfollowtheoldmodeloftelevision.Inthepast，anewepisode（集）ofashowwasreleasedonceaweek.（1）______People，therefore，havecreatedanewterm：binge-watching（狂歡式刷?。?Itisusedtodescribethebehaviorofwatchingmanyepisodesofawholeseriesinarow.

（2）______Infact，a2018MorningConsultpoll（民意調(diào)查）foundthat60percentofAmericanadultswhowatchedshowsbinge-watched.Thepercentageevenincreasedamongyoungeraudiences.（3）______

Ofcourse，everynewculturalbehaviorhasitsaccompanyinghealthconsequences.Whatisbinge-watchingdoingtoourhealth？（4）______Theysentan18-questionsurveyto926adultswhoownedatelevisionandatleastoneotherdevicewithascreen.Theyfoundthatheavyscreentimeusersaveraged17.5hoursofscreen-useeveryday.Theyalsoreportedthatthisgroup'shealthconditionwasworsethanlightusers.

Interestingly，researchersalsodiscoveredaconnectionbetweenbinge-watchingandgreaterstress.Theresultissurprising.（5）______Itmighthavebeenbelievedthatpeopleareturningtobinge-watchingtodealwithanxietyandstress.However，that'snotthecase.Itcouldbethecasethatpeoplewillsufferfromgreaterstressifwatchingmoreshowscontinuously.

A.Everynewculturalbehaviorhasitsowncauses.

B.Nowadays，binge-watchingisacommonbehavior.

C.Now，manycompaniesreleaseawholeseriesatonce.

D.Peoplearemorestressedoutifthey'rebinge-watching.

E.ResearchersatArizonaStateUniversitywantedtofigurethisout.

F.73percentof18-to29-year-oldsbinge-watchedatleastonceaweek.

G.Researchersidentifiedbinge-watchersbyaskinghowlongtheywatchedtelevision.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Ryderwasbornwithaseriousillnessandhasneverbeenabletowalk.Whenhestartedattendingpreschool，hehadtobe（1）______totheendoftheroadinthe（2）______towaitforhisschoolbusbyhisparentseveryday.AsRyderwasunableto（3）______forthisbusifhewaslatelikehisschoolmates，hewouldhavetowaitforupto15minutesoutinwhatever（4）______therewas.Althoughhisfatherhad（5）______apatio（露臺）umbrellaattheendofhisdrivewaytoprovidesome（6）______fromharshweather，hestillwouldgetwet.

Thenhisfather（7）______forhelponFacebooklookingtoseeifsomeonemighthaveanoldbushut（小屋）.Afterthepost，hewassuggestedtoreachouttothe（8）______classatWesterlyHighSchool.

（9）______，hesentanemailtoDanMcKena，whohadbeenteachingconstructiontechnologyatWesterlyHighSchool，askingifhe'dbe（10）______inthiskindofproject.Delightfully，Dan（11）______withan"absolutely"andthenheworkedhardonthehutwithhisstudentsforweeks.

Thehutmadeofwoodwas（12）______enoughtoshelterbothRyderandoneofhisparentsoranursecomfortablyandwasfinally（13）______tothehomesixweekslater.Now，Ryder（14）______iteverydayandhisparentswaitinsideiteverydaywhiletheyawaithisreturninghome.Heconsidersthehut（15）______anddoesliketohangoutinitfromtimetotime.21.

A.pulled B.walked C.driven D.pushed22.

A.car B.wheelchair C.bus D.plane23.

A.dance B.shout C.rush D.slip24.

A.vehicle B.scene C.weather D.class25.

A.searchedfor B.putup C.takenover D.foundout26.

A.shelter B.help C.benefit D.hope27.

A.fought B.stood C.cared D.sought28.

A.art B.construction C.music D.literature29.

A.Consequently B.Obviously C.However D.Besides30.

A.interested B.satisfied C.strict D.depressed31.

A.predicted B.interrupted C.delayed D.responded32.

A.big B.bright C.heavy D.light33.

A.fixed B.borrowed C.delivered D.thrown34.

A.changes B.designs C.plays D.uses35.

A.popular B.fantastic C.strange D.flexible四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Beforebecomingawebnovelwriterin2018，DishaFlorencefromDhaka，Bangladesh，now25，wastryingtofindawaytofree（1）______（she）fromthelong-existedrestrictions（2）______（face）byawoman，awishshehashadsinceshewas8.

Itwasthenthatsheobservedthatbeingagirlmeantshecouldnotgotoplayintheparklikeboys.Sheneededtolearnhouseholdchoresbutboyscouldplayallday."Ilostmany（3）______（opportunity）becauseIhadtolistentomyparentsandIregrettedit.That'swhenIthoughtthatifIhad（4）______（free），Iwouldn'thavetolistentoothers，"saysFlorence.Asshegrewup，sherealizedthat（5）______anyexperienceandknowledge，itisimpossibletobefree.Therefore，while（6）______（continue）herstudy，F(xiàn)lorencewenttoworkas（7）______volunteerinanNGO.

At22，she（8）______（read）onlinefictioninEnglishonWebnoveltranslatedfromChinesewhenshenoticedthatthewebsitewashiringauthors（9）______weresaidtohavethechance（10）______（make）agreatdealofmoney."Withoutthinkingfurther，Istartedwriting，andbecameaprofessionalwebnovelist，"shesays.五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.孩子在家里是否應(yīng)該做家務(wù)是一個(gè)有爭議的問題。請以"ShouldChildrenDoHousework？"為題寫一篇短文投給校英語報(bào)，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）表明自己的觀點(diǎn)；

（2）闡明理由。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

WhenIgraduatedfromtheuniversity，IdevotedmyselftoteachingEnglishinasmallvillageschool.Oneday，aladycalledmeandtoldmeshewasSimon'smother.Shesaidshewantedtocallonmeatarighttime.Honestlyspeaking，Ihadbeenworriedaboutmyself.ItmademefeelalittlefearfulofseeingherbecauseIwasanewteacherandIgaveanhonestaccountofthestudents'work.InSimon'scase，thegradeswereverylow.Hehadneverspentmuchtimefinishinghisschoolworkcarefullysothathecouldn'tevenreadhisownhandwriting，nottomentionlisteningtohisteachersinclass.Buthewasabrightstudent.Hediscussedadultsubjectswithnearlyadultcomprehension.Hisworkinnowayreflectedhisabilities.

SowhenSimon'smotherenteredmyofficeandappearedinfrontofmewithabroadsmileonherface，mypalms（手心）weresweating.Iwascompletelyunpreparedforherkissesonbothmycheeks."Icametothankyou，"shesaid，whichsurprisedmebeyondspeech."Simonhasbecomeadifferentperson.Hetalksofhowhelovesme，andhehasbeguntomakefriends，andforthefirsttimeinhistwelveyears，hehasrecentlyspentanafternoonatafriend'shouse.IwanttotellyouhowgratefulIam.Youhavehelpedmysondevelophisself-respect，"shecontinued.Thenshekissedmeagainandleft.

Isat，feelingreallyshocked，forabouthalfanhour，wonderingwhathadjusthappened.HowdidImakesuchalife-changingdifferencetothatboywithoutevenknowingit？Attheverymoment，IjustfailedtofindoutareasonableexplanationforwhatIwasgoingthrough.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afewdayslater，comingoutfromnowhere，asceneoccurredtomeandexplainedeverything.

Fromthatdayon，InoticedsomechangesinSimon.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、A、D【解析】【文章大意】本文為一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要介紹了倫敦的四個(gè)有名的賓館。

1.

根據(jù)TheGoringHotel部分Sincefirstopeningin1910，itisLondon'soldestfamily-ownedluxuryhotelwiththesecond-largestprivately-ownedgardeninLondonafterBuckinghamPalace.（自1910年首次開業(yè)以來，它是倫敦最古老的家族擁有的豪華酒店，擁有倫敦僅次于白金漢宮的第二大私人花園。）可知，TheGoringHotel帶有私家花園，故選C。

2.

根據(jù)TheBulgariHotel部分TheBulgariHotelhasmanychild-friendlyroomsandactivitiestokeepthekidsbusy：aswimmingpool，acinema，PlayStations，Xboxandlotsofothergames.（Bulgari賓館提供了很多適合兒童的房間和活動(dòng)：游泳池、電影院、游戲機(jī)、微軟游戲機(jī)和其他游戲。）可知，在TheBulgariHotel，孩子可以玩各種游戲，故選A。

3.

根據(jù)TheRosewoodHotel部分Rosewoodiswithinwalkingdistanceofmanyofthecity'smainattractions.（在Rosewood，步行即可到達(dá)該市的許多主要景點(diǎn)。）可知，如果你想要步行走到倫敦的主要景點(diǎn)，你要選擇Rosewood賓館，故選D。

4~7.【答案】D、A、D、B【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段ElaineSusharedherexperienceofaskingherneighborstoputupLunarNewYeardecorations，helpinghertwo-year-oldsonexperiencethefestivalaspartofthelargecommunity.Inaneighbourhoodmostlyconsistingofnon-Chineseresidents，morethanhalfofthehouseholdscompliedthetraditionaswell.（ElaineSu分享了她邀請鄰居布置農(nóng)歷新年裝飾品的經(jīng)歷，幫助她兩歲的兒子作為大型社區(qū)的一部分體驗(yàn)春節(jié)。在一個(gè)主要由非中國居民組成的社區(qū)，一半以上的家庭也遵守了這一傳統(tǒng)。）可推知，ElaineSu在另一個(gè)國家慶祝農(nóng)歷新年。故選D。

（2）A.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文myownmemoriesofcelebratingLunarNewYear（我對慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的回憶）以及TheholidaywasabigdealformeasakidgrowingupinJiangsu.（作為一個(gè)在江蘇長大的孩子，這個(gè)假期對我來說意義重大。）可知，作者是江蘇長大的孩子，假期是一件大事，可見ElaineSu的故事激起了作者自己慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的回憶。故劃線詞意思是"激起"。A.Stirred

up攪動(dòng)；B.Wiped

out消滅；C.Took

after照顧；D.Set

down坐下。故選A。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中InterviewingherforthestoryprovokedmyownmemoriesofcelebratingLunarNewYear.（為這個(gè)故事采訪她激起了我自己慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的回憶）；第四段中OnNewYear'sEve，myfamilywouldcometogethertocelebratewithfoodpreparedbymygrandma.（除夕之夜，我的家人會(huì)一起用奶奶準(zhǔn)備的食物慶祝）；第五段中Forbreakfast，wewouldeatyuanxiao，akindofglutinousriceball，whichsymbolizestheideaofreunion.（早餐，我們會(huì)吃元宵，一種象征團(tuán)圓的糯米團(tuán)）以及第六段中Myfavouritepartoftheholidaycameaftertheadultswereplayingmahjong.（我最喜歡的假期是在成年人打麻將之后。）可推知，作者通過分享自己的經(jīng)歷來展開文章的。故選D。

（4）B.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段InterviewingherforthestoryprovokedmyownmemoriesofcelebratingLunarNewYear.TheholidaywasabigdealformeasakidgrowingupinJiangsu.（為這個(gè)故事采訪她激起了我自己慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的回憶。作為一個(gè)在江蘇長大的孩子，假期對我來說是一件大事。）結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者通過采訪ElaineSu在另一個(gè)國家慶祝農(nóng)歷新年，回憶起了自己慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的事情?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)"記憶中的春節(jié)"最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了作者通過采訪ElaineSu在另一個(gè)國家慶祝農(nóng)歷新年，回憶起了自己慶祝農(nóng)歷新年的事情。

做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

8~11.【答案】A、B、A、B【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Electriccarsaresupposedtohelptheworldgogreenandstophurtingtheplanet.EngineersatBrownUniversityandtheUniversityofMarylandaretakingthatgoaltoanotherotherlevel，withanewideaforbatteriesmadefromtrees，accordingtonewfindingspublishedinNature."（電動(dòng)汽車應(yīng)該幫助世界走向綠色，停止對地球的傷害。布朗大學(xué)和馬里蘭大學(xué)的工程師們正在將這一目標(biāo)提升到另一個(gè)層次，他們提出了用樹木制造電池的新想法。）可知，工程師通過用樹木來制造新電池的方式（即改進(jìn)電池材料）來使得電動(dòng)汽車對環(huán)境的危害更小，讓世界變得更綠色。A.By

improving

the

materials

of

batteries通過改進(jìn)電池材料；B.By

reducing

lithium

ion

in

the

batteries通過減少電池中的鋰離子；C.By

using

liquid

to

conduct

electric

power通過用液體導(dǎo)電；D.By

producing

more

lithium-ion

batteries通過生產(chǎn)更多的鋰離子電池。故選A。

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Lithium-ionbatteries（鋰電池）havebecomethenewformofrechargeablebatteriesthankstotheirextraordinarilylongcharge.（因?yàn)殇囯姵仉姾煞浅ｉL，因此它已經(jīng)成為了一種新的形式充電電池。）可知，鋰電池成為一種新型的充電電池的優(yōu)勢在于它的電荷非常長，即它電池持續(xù)時(shí)間長，故選B。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Anidealmaterialforsolidstatelithium-ionbatterieswouldbethinandflexibletoresiststructuralstresses，anditiswoodfromatree."（對于固態(tài)導(dǎo)體鋰電池來說，其材料必須薄且能靈活地抵抗結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)力，而這種理想的材料就是樹木。）可知，樹木被選做固態(tài)導(dǎo)體是因?yàn)樗軐菇Y(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)力，故選A。

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thenewfindingsarejustbasedonbasicmodeltests，andarechargeablebatterymadeoftreesisstillquiteawayoff."（這些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)還是處于基本的模型試驗(yàn)階段，離以樹為材料制作的可充電電池也還有很長的路要走。）可知，以樹為材料的充電電池還只是在其模型測試階段，故選B。

本文為一篇科教類閱讀，主要講述了布朗大學(xué)和馬里蘭大學(xué)的工程師們提出了用樹木制造電池的新想法。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】A、B、B、C【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Whatdoyougetwhenyoupaintapairofeyesonacow'srump（臀部）？Theansweristhatyou'llgetanapproachtoscaringpredators（捕食者）away.Thissimpletrickiscalledthe"i-cow"solution.（如果你在牛屁股上畫一雙眼睛，你會(huì)得到什么？答案是你有辦法把捕食者嚇跑。這個(gè)簡單的技巧被稱為"i-cow"解決方案。）可推斷，"i-cow"這一方案可以將捕食者嚇跑，也就是可以保護(hù)牛不被攻擊。故選A。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Overafour-yearperiod，researchersfoundthat15outofthe835unpaintedcowswerekilledbypredators，4ofthe543cowswith"xs"died，buteverysingleoneofthe683animalswitheyespaintedontheirbacksideswasstillalive.（在四年的時(shí)間里，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，835頭未涂上顏色的奶牛中有15頭被食肉動(dòng)物殺死，543頭涂上"xs"的奶牛中有4頭死亡，但683頭背面涂上眼睛的奶牛中，每一頭都還活著。）可知，一小部分屁股上畫了眼睛的牛都沒死。故選B。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Despitethepositiveresults，Dr.Jordansaysthemethodisn'tasuresolution.Hesaysiffarmerspaintedeyesonthebacksidesofalltheircows，predatorsmighteventuallyfigureoutthattheeyesaren'treal.（喬丹博士說，盡管取得了積極的結(jié)果，但這種方法并不是一個(gè)可靠的解決方案。他說，如果農(nóng)民在他們所有奶牛的后背上畫眼睛，捕食者可能最終會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)眼睛不是真的。）可推斷，如果每頭奶牛都被畫上了眼睛，那么捕食者可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)眼睛不是真的，在這種情況下這種方法就會(huì)失效。故選B。

（4）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Ithinkthefarmersarejusthappywiththis，"Dr.Jordansays."Afterall，alltheyneedisapaintpot，paintbrushandalittlebitofartistictalent."（"我認(rèn)為農(nóng)民們對此很滿意，"喬丹博士說。"畢竟，他們需要的只是一個(gè)顏料罐、畫筆和一點(diǎn)藝術(shù)天賦。"）可推斷，喬丹博士覺得這種方法易于實(shí)施而且成本較低，所以他認(rèn)為農(nóng)民會(huì)喜歡這種方法。故選C。

本文是一篇科教類閱讀，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明，如果在牛的屁股上畫上一雙眼睛，那可能就可以將捕食者嚇跑。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】C、B、F、E、D【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Inthepast，anewepisode（集）ofashowwasreleasedonceaweek.（在過去，電視劇一周更新一集。）和空后People，therefore，havecreatedanewterm：binge-watching（狂歡式刷劇）.（因此，人們就有了一個(gè)新的術(shù)語：狂歡式刷劇。）可知，空前說明過去的狀態(tài)是一周看一集電視機(jī)，空后提出了新的刷劇形式，故C項(xiàng)"現(xiàn)在，很多公司同時(shí)發(fā)行整部電視劇。"符合，與空前過去的方式做對比，且與空后構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)空后Infact，a2018MorningConsultpoll（民意調(diào)查）foundthat60percentofAmericanadultswhowatchedshowsbinge-watched.（事實(shí)上，2018年的民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，60%美國成年人都屬于狂歡式刷劇。）可知，空后提到民意調(diào)查的結(jié)果，大多數(shù)人都屬于連續(xù)刷劇，本空應(yīng)引出后文的民意調(diào)查，故B項(xiàng)"現(xiàn)在，狂歡式刷劇已經(jīng)成為了一個(gè)常見的現(xiàn)象。"符合，本空提出已是一種常見的現(xiàn)象，空后提出其民意調(diào)查的理論支撐，故選B項(xiàng)。

（3）F.推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Thepercentageevenincreasedamongyoungeraudiences.（比例在年輕人中還有所增加。）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"18-29歲的年輕人中，73%至少每周瘋狂式刷劇一次。"是空前的順義承接，空前提到在年輕人中，比例有所增加，空后說明具體的比例數(shù)據(jù)，故選F項(xiàng)。

（4）E.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)空前Whatisbingewatchingdoingtoourhealth？（狂歡式刷劇對我們的身體會(huì)帶來說明呢？）和空后Theysentan18-questionsurveyto926adultswhoownedatelevisionandatleastoneotherdevicewithascreen.（他們給926個(gè)成年人發(fā)了一張18個(gè)問題的調(diào)查表，這些人都有一臺電視機(jī)和另一個(gè)帶屏幕的電子設(shè)備。）可知，空前提出問題，空后說明他們尋找答案的方法，故E項(xiàng)"亞利桑那州立大學(xué)的研究者想要弄清楚這個(gè)問題。"符合，且空后的代詞They指代E項(xiàng)中的Researchers，故選E項(xiàng)。

（5）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Theresultissurprising.（結(jié)果卻令人驚訝。）和空后Itmighthavebeenbelievedthatpeopleareturningtobinge-watchingtodealwithanxietyandstress.However，that'snotthecase.Itcouldbethecasethatpeoplewillsufferfromgreaterstressifwatchingmoreshowscontinuously.（可能人們是為了處理焦慮和壓力才選擇狂歡式刷劇，然而，事實(shí)卻并非如此。事實(shí)可能是如果人們一直不停地刷劇，可能感覺壓力更大。）可知，空前提出結(jié)果令人驚訝，空后提出造成這種結(jié)果的可能性，故本空應(yīng)提出具體是什么結(jié)果，故D項(xiàng)"如果他們瘋狂式刷劇的話，這會(huì)給他們帶來更大的壓力。"符合，故選D項(xiàng)。

本文為一篇說明文。講述了現(xiàn)在人喜歡選擇狂歡式刷劇，并分析了它對人的身體帶來的危害。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】D、B、C、C、B、A、D、B、A、A、D、A、C、D、B【解析】（1）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.pulled拉動(dòng)；B.walked步行；C.driven駕駛；D.pushed推。當(dāng)他開始上幼兒園時(shí)，他不得不每天坐在輪椅上被父母推到路的盡頭，等待校車。故選D。

（2）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.car汽車；B.wheelchair輪椅；C.bus公共汽車；D.plane飛機(jī)。當(dāng)他開始上幼兒園時(shí)，他不得不每天坐在輪椅上被父母推到路的盡頭，等待校車。根據(jù)上文Ryder

was

born

with

a

serious

illness

and

has

never

been

able

to

walk可知是輪椅。故選B。

（3）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.dance舞蹈；B.shout喊；C.rush沖撞，匆忙；D.slip滑動(dòng)。如果萊德像他的同學(xué)一樣遲到，他無法追趕這輛公共汽車，無論天氣如何，他都不得不在外面等15分鐘。根據(jù)下文if

he

was

late

like

his

schoolmates可知是無法匆忙趕車。故選C。

（4）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.vehicle車輛；B.scene場景；C.weather天氣；D.class班級，類別。如果萊德像他的同學(xué)一樣遲到，他無法追趕這輛公共汽車，無論天氣如何，他都不得不在外面等15分鐘。根據(jù)下文from

harsh

weather，he

still

would

get

wet可知是天氣。故選C。

（5）B.考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.searched

for搜索；B.put

up搭起，提出；C.taken

over接管；D.found

out發(fā)現(xiàn)。雖然他的父親在車道盡頭掛了一把露臺雨傘，以躲避惡劣天氣，但他還是會(huì)被淋濕。根據(jù)下文a

patio（露臺）

umbrella可知是搭起。故選B。

（6）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.shelter遮蔽處，避難所；B.help幫助；C.benefit好處，利益；D.hope希望。雖然他的父親在車道盡頭掛了一把露臺雨傘，以躲避惡劣天氣，但他還是會(huì)被淋濕。故選A。

（7）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.fought戰(zhàn)斗；B.stood站立；C.cared關(guān)心；D.sought尋求。然后，他的父親在臉書上尋求幫助，看看是否有人有一個(gè)舊的公共汽車小屋。根據(jù)下文to

see

if

someone

might

have

an

old

bus

hut可知是求助。故選D。

（8）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.art藝術(shù)；B.construction建筑，施工；C.music音樂；D.literature文學(xué)作品。有人建議他聯(lián)系西風(fēng)高中的建筑班。根據(jù)下文whohadbeenteachingconstructiontechnology可知是建筑。故選B。

（9）A.考查副詞及語境理解。A.Consequently因此；B.Obviously顯然；C.However然而；D.Besides除此之外。因此，他給一直在Westerly高中教建筑技術(shù)的丹?麥肯納發(fā)了一封電子郵件，詢問他是否對這種項(xiàng)目感興趣。故選A。

（10）A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.interested感興趣的；B.satisfied滿意的；C.strict嚴(yán)格的；D.depressed沮喪的。因此，他給一直在Westerly高中教建筑技術(shù)的丹?麥肯納發(fā)了一封電子郵件，詢問他是否對這種項(xiàng)目感興趣。根據(jù)下文Delightfully，Dan（11）with

an

"absolutely"可知是感興趣的。故選A。

（11）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.predicted預(yù)測；B.interrupted中斷；C.delayed延遲；D.responded響應(yīng)。令人高興的是，丹的回答是"絕對"的，然后他和他的學(xué)生們一起在小屋上努力了幾個(gè)星期。根據(jù)上文asking

if

he'd

be（10）in

this

kind

of

project可知是回應(yīng)。故選D。

（12）A.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.big大的；B.bright明亮的；C.heavy沉重的；D.light輕的。這間木屋足夠大，可以讓萊德和他的一位父母或一位護(hù)士都待得很舒服，六周后終于被送到了家里。根據(jù)下文to

shelter

both

Ryder

and

one

of

his

parents可知是足夠大。故選A。

（13）C.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.fixed固定；B.borrowed借；C.delivered遞交，交付；D.thrown拋出。這間木屋足夠大，可以讓萊德和他的一位父母或一位護(hù)士都待得很舒服，六周后終于被送到了家里。故選C。

（14）D.考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.changes變更；B.designs設(shè)計(jì)；C.plays玩耍，播放；D.uses使用?，F(xiàn)在，萊德每天都在用它，他的父母每天都在里面等著他回家。他認(rèn)為這間小屋太棒了，確實(shí)喜歡不時(shí)在里面玩耍。根據(jù)下文his

parents

wait

inside

it

every

day可知是使用。故選D。

（15）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.popular流行的；B.fantastic太棒的；C.strange奇怪的；D.flexible靈活的。現(xiàn)在，萊德每天都在用它，他的父母每天都在里面等著他回家。他認(rèn)為這間小屋太棒了，確實(shí)喜歡不時(shí)在里面玩耍。根據(jù)下文does

like

to

hang

out

in

it

from

time

to

time可知是很棒的。故選B。

本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了無法走路的Ryder受到幫助，得到一個(gè)可以等待公共汽車的小木屋。

近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不