湖南省株洲市天元區(qū)高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試卷含解析

株洲市天元區(qū)名校20222023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題第一局部閱讀〔共兩節(jié)，總分值50分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題2.5分，總分值37.5分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。AInternationalSummerProgram:SpidermanatHoytsCinemaCarouselJoinusforanafternoonofsuperheroesasyouwatchSpiderMan:NoWayHomeatHoyts,andcatchupwithotherCurtininternationalstudentsalsostayinginPerthoverthesummerbreak.Schedule●1pm:StudentsarriveatHoyts,signinandpurchaseanyfoodordrinkthattheywouldlike.●1:30pm:Thefilmbegins!●4pm:Thefilmconcludes,andstudentsleavethecinema.AsCurtinhaspaidpartofthecostofthefilm,thereducedstudentticketis$10.Ifyouwouldlikeanyfoodordrink,pleasebringadditionalmoneytopurchaseit.ThisactivityisonlyavailabletointernationalstudentswhohaveappliedforacourseatCurtinUniversitynow.Placesarelimitedsobookyourspotnow!PleaseuseyourCurtinstudentemailtoregisterfortheevent.ImportantInformation●Bysigningupforthisactivity,youdeclarethatyouareaCurtininternationalstudentovertheageof18andhavereadtheinformationabove.Youalsoagreeto:*Declareallyourmedicaloraccessibilityrequirementsthatorganizersmustbeawareofandinformtheorganizersifyouhaveanyillnessesorinjuriesontheday.*BehaveaccordingtotheCurtinStudentCharter(章程)andacceptthatgoingagainsttheChartermayresultinyourremovalfromtheactivity.●Ifyou’reunder18,pleasecall92663954forfurtherinformationonhowtoproceed.1．Whoistheactivitytargetedat?A．InternationalstudentsinPerth. B．StudentsdesiringtoattendCurtinUniversity.C．Studentslovingsuperheromovies. D．CurrentCurtininternationalstudents.2．Whichofthefollowingmightresultindisqualification?A．Beingundertheageof18. B．FailingtofollowtheCharter.C．Bringingfoodanddrinkprivately. D．RegisteringwithCurtinemailaddresses.3．Whatisthetext?A．Afilmreview. B．Anadmissionnotice.C．Atheatreprogramme. D．Anactivityannouncement.BSpaceisdangerous.Buthumaninnovationhasallowedpeopletoexplorethisdeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withintheprotectionofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertopletemissionsofayearorlonger.Butmissionstofurtherreachesofspaceareadifferentmatter.EstablishingabaseonthemoonorsendinghumanstoMarsseemsjustonthehorizon.Thatcanonlyhappenifinnovativeandsafewaysaredeveloped.Onepany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent.Thatisnotanimpossibleclaim.BioPodsdon’tuseanysoiltogrowplants,andthevastmajorityofwaterisrecycled.PlantsaregrowninsideBioPodsusingaeroponics,thepracticeofhangingplantsintheairandsprayingamistofnutrientrichwaterontheirroots.AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPodgrownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater.TheconditionsinsideofaBioPodarecontrolledbyAI,whichcanchangeanythingfromthelightingtothetemperatureandhumidity.Thisimprovesgrowingconditionsnomatterwhattheenvironmentis,includingtheemptinessofspace.TheBioPodscanbebuiltinalmostanyenvironment.Thepod’sstructureismadewitha3Dprinterusingrawmaterialsinliquidform.ThismeansthataBioPodcouldbebuiltrightonthesurfaceofthemoonorMars,makingtransportingalargestructureunnecessary.4．Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“onthehorizon〞inparagraph1?A．Strange. B．Doubtful. C．Easy D．Approaching.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutaBioPod?A．Itisthenameofapany. B．Itisamoderngreenhouse.C．Ithasbeenwidelyusedinspace. D．It’s3Dprintedwithsolidmaterials.6．WhatisanadvantageofBioPodgrownplants?A．Theymakethemostofsoil. B．Theydon’tneedanynutrients.C．Theyareofhigherproduction. D．Theyaren’tstrictaboutconditions.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．TheapplicationofAIinagriculture. B．Human’seffortsinspaceexploration.C．Themethodsofimprovingfoodoutput. D．Growingfoodinspacepodstofeedastronauts.CIfyou’vespentanyamountoftimeboating,fishing,orbirdwatchingatlakesandrivers,youhavemostlikelyseenfishesjumpingoutofthewater.Ihaveseenitmanytimes.Certainly,fisheswillexitwaterindesperateattemptstoescapeenemies.Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.Butjustaswemayrunfastfromfunorfromfear,differentemotionsmightmotivatefishestojump.Mobularays〔蝠鲼〕aren’tmotivatedbyfearwhentheythrowtheirimpressivebodies—uptoaseventeenfootwingspan(thedistancefromtheendofonewingtotheendoftheother)andatoninweight—skywardinleap〔跳動(dòng)〕ofuptotenfeet.Theydoitinschools〔魚(yú)群〕ofhundreds.Theyusuallylandontheirbellies,butsometimestheylandontheirbacks.Somescientiststhinkitmightbeawayofremovingparasites〔寄生蟲(chóng)〕.ButIthinkthattheraysareenjoyingthemselves.IntheclearwatersofFlorida’sChassahowitzkaNationalWildlifeRefuge,Iwatchedseveralschoolsoffiftyormoremullets〔鯔魚(yú)〕movinginbeautifulformation.Theirwellbuiltbodiesweremostevidentwhentheyleapedfromthewater.MostofthetimeIsawoneortwoleapsbyafish,butonemadeaseriesofseven.Theyusuallylandontheirsides.Eachjumpwasaboutafootclearofthewaterandtwotothreefeetinlength.Nobodyknowsforsurewhythefishleaps.Oneideaisthattheydoittotakeinoxygen.Theideaissupportedbythefactthatmulletsleapmorewhenthewaterislowerinoxygen,butischallengedbythelikelihoodthatjumpingcostsmoreenergythanisgainedbybreathingair.Itishardtoimaginetheywillfeelanyfresherwhenbackinwater.Mightthesefishesalsobeleapingforfun?Thereissomenewevidence.GordonM.Burghardtrecentlypublishedaccountsofadozentypesoffishesleapingrepeatedly,sometimesoverfloatingobjects—sticks,plants,sunningturtle—fornoclearreasonotherthanentertainment.8．WhatcanwesayaboutthedolphinsinParagraph1?A．Theyhavegreatescapingskills. B．Theyareeasilyfrightened.C．Theyareveryclever. D．Theylovejumping.9．Whatdotherayandthemullethaveinmonwhenjumping?A．Bothdoitingroups. B．Bothlandontheirbellies.C．Bothjumpmanyfeetoutofwater. D．Bothmakeleapsoneaftertheother.10．HowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheideamentionedinParagraph4?A．Itisvaluable. B．Itisinteresting.C．Itisimaginative. D．Itisquestionable.11．Whichmaybethereasonforfishleapsaccordingtotheauthor?A．Toremoveparasites. B．Toamusethemselves.C．Totakeinmoreoxygen. D．Toexpresspositiveemotions.DRevealedtotheworldbythefamousBritishexplorer,DrDavidLivingstone,in1855,theVictoriaFallsareoneofAfrica’sbestknownnaturalwonders.TheyformanaturalborderbetweenZimbabwe(津巴布韋)andZambia(贊比亞).ThefallsarenamedafterQueenVictoriabyLivingstone.Theywereknowntothenativepeopleinthe18thcenturyas:"thesmokethatthunders".ThewaterfallisformedasthetwokilometerwideZambeziRiverspills(濺)overtheedgeofitsgiantstoneriverbedandfallsintothegorge(山谷)below.Attheirhighestpoint,theVictoriaFallsdropadistanceof108m,almosttwiceasfarastheNiagaraFalls.Asmuchas546millioncubicmetersofwaterperminutefallsovertheedgefromthatheight.ViewingthefallsfromtheZambiansidemeansthatvisitorscanfollowapaththatgoesrightuptothefalls.ThefallscanalsobeviewedfromtheBoilingPot,rightinthedepthsofthegorgeatthebottomofthefalls.The111meterhighVictoriaFallsBridge,arailwaycrossing,isnowapopularplaceforBungeejumping.ItcanbecrossedonfootforexcellentviewsofthefallsandthewindingbluegreenwatersoftheZambeziRiver.Itisalsopossibletoseethefallsfromaplane.Theareaaroundthefallsisamajorgameviewingplace.ThebesttimetoviewtheVictoriaFallsisbetweenDecemberandJuly,whenthewaterlevelisthehighest.ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404Email:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:zambiatourism。12．Theauthorofthepassageislikelytobe______.A．a(chǎn)governmentofficer B．a(chǎn)touristguideC．a(chǎn)traveler D．a(chǎn)teacher13．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthattheVictoriaFalls________.A．a(chǎn)rethebestplacetoenjoyBungeejumpingB．droptwiceasfarastheNiagaraFallsC．a(chǎn)reamanmadewonderinAfricaD．werediscoveredbyaBritishman14．Howmanywaysdidtheauthormentiontoviewthefalls?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.15．Thepurposeofthepassageisto______.A．introduceafamousnaturalwonder—theVictoriaFallsB．tellusthediscoveryoftheVictoriaFallsC．showhowtheVictoriaFallsareformedD．a(chǎn)dvisetravelerstoetotheVictoriaFalls其次節(jié)〔共5小題；每題2.5分，總分值12.5分〕閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Literatureisthebodyofwrittenworksproducedbyscholarsandresearchers,whospecializeinagivenfield.Whyisliteratureimportant?Let’ssee.Literaryworksaredescriptionsofthethinkingpatternsandsocialcriteria.They’readescriptionofthedifferentaspectsofmonpeople’slife.___16___Theyalsoencourageimaginationandcreativity.Exposingoneselftogoodliteraryworksislikeprovidingonewiththefinesteducationalopportunities.Ontheotherhand,thelackofexposuretogoodliteratureisequaltodepriving(剝奪)oneoftheopportunitytogrow.Someofthegreatliteraryworksprovidesocietywiththeguidingprinciplesoflife.WorksbypoetslikeHomer,Plato,Sappho,Horaceandmanymorearetimeless.____17____TheLordoftheRings,TheGodfather,ATaleofTwoCities,andJamesBondseriesaresomeofthebestsellingbooksofalltimethathaveentertainedseveralgenerations.Therearealsogreatworksinchildren’sliterature.Amusedbythestonestheytell,kidsassociatethemselveswiththesebooks’charactersandidealizesomeofthem.Moralstoriesareanaidforparentsandteacherstoletthekidslearnimportantlessonsinlife.Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwainaresomeofthemostwidelypopularchildren’sauthors.____18____True,languagesarethebuildingblocksofliterature.Butthestudyofliteraturecannotberestrictedtoonlystudyinglanguages.___19___Adegreeinlanguageandliteratureperhapscan’tprovideonewitheverythingliteraturecanoffer.Itsscope(范圍)issodeepandwidethatevenalifetimemaynotbeenoughtoreallystudyliterature.____20____Greatliteraryandpoeticworkshelpapersontakeacloserlookatthedifferentaspectsofliving.Inmanyways,literature,initsdifferentforms,canchangeone’sattitudetowardsliving.A．Literaturehelpsunderstandlife.B．Literaturehasaneffectonhealthandwealth.C．Theyhaveenrichedthechildhoodsofsomany.D．Classicalliteraryworksserveasfoodforthought.E．Infact,literaturecan’tbelimitedtoaneducationalcourse.F．Theyhavealwaysamusedtheirreadersandwillcontinueto.G．Instead,literaturelaysthefoundationofawealthylife,adding“l(fā)ife〞to“l(fā)iving〞其次局部 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分〕閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeoutandsupermarketshelveswere____21____,DanielandNancydecidedtheynolongerwantedto____22____othersforfood.Thecoupledecidedtostartayearlong____23____wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.____24____,theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.Danielsaid,“Itissomethingthatwehavewantedtodo.Whenthedisease____25____,itgaveusthatextra____26____.Atthattimewewereboth____27____,andthatgaveus

evenmoremotivationtoseeifwecould____28____ourselves.〞Thepairbuiltahouseforchickensandducksandstudiedonlineaboutwheretheywouldgetallthethingstheyneeded.Danieladds,“Wehadtolearnsomanynewthingslikehowtogrowmushroomsand____29____saltfromtheocean.〞“Nowafterfivemonths,theybothfeelwellbutDaniel____30____thefirstfewweeksweredifficultastheirbodiesadjustedto____31____coffee,wineandsugarallonthesameday,〞hesays.“Afterthreeweeksourdesiresforthem____32____andnowwefeelgreat.〞NowFebruaryhasetoa(n)____33____.Astheysurvivewinter,theyfeel____34____aboutcontinuingwiththiswayofliving,withtheirchallenge____35____endinginAugust.21．A．dusty B．firm C．empty D．full22．A．lookfor B．eacross C．fallbehind D．relyon23．A．challenge B．charity C．construction D．research24．A．Nevertheless B．Instead C．Therefore D．Besides25．A．went B．dropped C．failed D．hit26．A．burden B．push C．debt D．excuse27．A．unemployed B．unconcerned C．occupied D．confused28．A．guarantee B．protect C．feed D．control29．A．supply B．save C．invent D．harvest30．A．a(chǎn)rgues B．a(chǎn)dmits C．doubts D．denies31．A．quitting B．demanding C．changing D．consuming32．A．returned B．reduced C．existed D．doubled33．A．head B．stop C．end D．point34．A．positive B．hesitant C．regretful D．bored35．A．rarely B．instantly C．merely D．officially其次節(jié)〔共10小題；每題1.5分，總分值15分〕閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ClimateChangeRequiresTheWorld’sAttentionThereislittledoubtthatEarth____36____(get)warmerandwarmer.In2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearwhichappearedtohavestarvedanddied.This____37____(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpact____38____Earth’secology.Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocess____39____(call)the“greenhouseeffect〞,____40____hastwomonmeanings.Withoutthe“natural〞greenhouseeffect,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,the“manmade〞greenhouseeffecthasnowbeeabigproblembecausemoreheatenergy____41____(trap)intheatmosphere,causingEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.Thereisstrongandprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherand____42____(nature)disastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwill____43____(probable)continueandtherewillbeahigherprice____44____(pay).Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint〞.Itisour_____45_____(responsible)toseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts.寫(xiě)作〔共兩節(jié)，總分值40分〕第一節(jié)〔總分值15分〕46．假定你是李華，現(xiàn)在正在英國(guó)留學(xué)。為鼓舞同學(xué)加強(qiáng)體育熬煉，你們學(xué)校將于近期舉辦一次遠(yuǎn)足活動(dòng)，你對(duì)此很感愛(ài)好。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人寫(xiě)一封郵件，詢問(wèn)有關(guān)狀況。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)的詳細(xì)時(shí)間；2.對(duì)體質(zhì)(fitness)的要求；3.關(guān)于住宿(acmodation)的問(wèn)題。留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________其次節(jié)〔總分值25分〕47．閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheemailrequestcameintoEkibenrestaurantlateonaThursdayafternooninMarch.BrandonJones,themanwhosenttheemaildidn'tactuallywantthefoodhimelf.Hewaswritingonbehalfofhismotherinlaw,Shirley,wholovedthebroccoli〔西蘭花〕dishwithfreshherbsandcucumbervinegar.HewentontoexplainthatshewasnowinthefinalstageoflungcanceratherhomeinVermontandthathewashopingtogettherecipe〔烹飪法〕tomakeitforherthere.SteveChu,oneoftherestaurant'scoowners,readtheemailandquicklyreplied,"Thanksforreachingout,"hewrote."We'dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou."Brandonwasshocked."Iemailedback,saying,'YoudoknowthatthisisVermontwe'retalkingabout,right?'"saysBrandon."ButChuresponded,'Noproblem.Youtellusthedate,timeandlocationandwe'llbethere."Forthepastsixyears,everytimeShirleyvisitedBaltimore,thefirstplaceshewantedtogowasEkibensoshecouldorderthatdish."Shelovesthatbroccoli,andIreallywantedhertohaveitonemoretime,"Brandonsays."Shehadalwaystoldus,'WhenI'monmydeathbed,Iwanttohavethatbroccoli,'"recallsBrandon'swife,RinaJones.ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingBrandon'semail,ChuloadedhistruckwithahotplateandacoolerandthenheadedforVermontwithhisbusinesspartner,EphremAbebe,andanemployee.TheystayedovernightinatentanddrovethenextdaytothesmalltownwhereShirleylived.AssoonasChuandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygottowork.Theypulleddownthegateofthepickup,fixedthehotplateonthetruck'spowerport,andstartedcookinganddeepfrying.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandfreshherbsandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxingeverythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer'sdoor.留意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置作答。"Goaheadandanswer,"Rinatoldhermother.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheJonesesinvitedChuandhisteamtojointhemfordinner.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案1．D

2．B

3．D本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)面對(duì)在科廷高校就讀的國(guó)際同學(xué)的假期活動(dòng)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Schedule局部“ThisactivityisonlyavailabletointernationalstudentswhohaveappliedforacourseatCurtinUniversitynow.〔這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)僅適用于申請(qǐng)科廷高校課程的國(guó)際同學(xué)?！敞暱芍?，該活動(dòng)針對(duì)的是科廷高校的在讀國(guó)際同學(xué)。應(yīng)選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)ImportantInformation局部中的“…goingagainsttheChartermayresultinyourremovalfromtheactivity.〔……違反章程可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致您退出活動(dòng)?！敞暎`反科廷高校同學(xué)章程的行為可能導(dǎo)致你被取消活動(dòng)資格。應(yīng)選B。3．推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是文章標(biāo)題“InternationalSummerProgram:SpidermanatHoytsCinemaCarousel〔國(guó)際暑期節(jié)目：霍伊茨電影院旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬的蜘蛛俠〕〞及第一段內(nèi)容“JoinusforanafternoonofsuperheroesasyouwatchSpiderMan:NoWayHomeatHoyts,andcatchupwithotherCurtininternationalstudentsalsostayinginPerthoverthesummerbreak.〔在Hoyts觀看?蜘蛛俠：回家無(wú)路?的同時(shí)，與我們一起度過(guò)一個(gè)超級(jí)英雄的下午，并在暑假期間與其他同樣留在珀斯的科廷國(guó)際同學(xué)見(jiàn)面?！敞暱芍?，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)面對(duì)在科廷高校就讀的國(guó)際同學(xué)的暑期活動(dòng)，應(yīng)當(dāng)是一那么活動(dòng)公告。應(yīng)選D。4．D

5．B

6．C

7．D這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要敘述了利用先進(jìn)的溫室BioPod，可以給宇航員供應(yīng)生存用的食物。4．詞句猜測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“Thatcanonlyhappenifinnovativeandsafewaysaredeveloped.〞〔只有開(kāi)發(fā)出創(chuàng)新和平安的方法，才能做到這一點(diǎn)。〕提到了在月球上建立基地或者送人類(lèi)到火星上的勝利的條件，說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的這種條件還沒(méi)實(shí)現(xiàn)，因而可推想，劃線詞所在句的含義為“在月球上建立基地或者送人類(lèi)到火星上〔的勝利的條件〕正在接近實(shí)現(xiàn)〞，approaching“正在接近的〞，符合題意，應(yīng)選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.〞〔他們已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出一種先進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)，可以在任何地方種植植物，甚至在太空中。他們把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的溫室稱為“BioPods〞，而且設(shè)計(jì)得特別高效?！晨芍?，BioPods是新研發(fā)的一種先進(jìn)的溫室系統(tǒng)。應(yīng)選B。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPodgrownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater.〞〔依據(jù)星際試驗(yàn)室的數(shù)據(jù)，BioPod種植的植物比傳統(tǒng)種植的植物多產(chǎn)300倍，只需要少量的水?！晨芍孟冗M(jìn)的溫室BioPod種植的作物產(chǎn)量高。應(yīng)選C。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，依據(jù)第一段中“Spaceisdangerous.Buthumaninnovationhasallowedpeopletoexplorethisdeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withintheprotectionofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertopletemissionsofayearorlonger.〞〔太空很危急。但是人類(lèi)的創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)讓人們探究這個(gè)致命的環(huán)境幾十年了。在空間站的愛(ài)護(hù)下，宇航員有足夠的空氣、食物和水來(lái)完成一年或更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的任務(wù)?！程岬搅巳祟?lèi)在探究太空中，空間站可以為宇航員的生存供應(yīng)根本的保障。其次段中“Onepany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent.〞〔一家名為星際試驗(yàn)室的公司信任他們已經(jīng)創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)來(lái)解決食物問(wèn)題。他們已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)出一種先進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)，可以在任何地方種植植物，甚至在太空中。他們把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的溫室稱為“BioPods〞，而且設(shè)計(jì)得特別高效。事實(shí)上，星際試驗(yàn)室聲稱BioPods可以將生產(chǎn)食物所需的土地和水資源削減99%?！硵⑹隽艘患颐麨樾请H試驗(yàn)室的公司研發(fā)了一個(gè)先進(jìn)的溫室系統(tǒng)BioPods，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)越性是可以將生產(chǎn)食物所需的土地和水資源削減99%〕；第三段中“AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPodgrownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater.〞〔依據(jù)星際試驗(yàn)室的數(shù)據(jù)，BioPod種植的植物比傳統(tǒng)種植的植物多產(chǎn)300倍，只需要少量的水?！晨芍?，利用先進(jìn)的溫室BioPod種植的作物產(chǎn)量高。和下文對(duì)BioPod的優(yōu)越性的說(shuō)明，本文主要敘述了利用先進(jìn)的溫室BioPod，可以給宇航員供應(yīng)生存用的食物。應(yīng)選D。8．C

9．A

10．D

11．B這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章敘述了魚(yú)為何要躍出水面，一些人認(rèn)為是由于心情的激發(fā)和要去除寄生蟲(chóng)，但作者認(rèn)為它們可能是為了享受歡樂(lè)。8．推理推斷題。由第一段中的“Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.〞〔海豚利用這種行為，圍成一個(gè)圈，在半空中抓住受驚的魚(yú)?！晨芍ｋ嗄軌蚱婷畹爻缘糗S出水面的魚(yú)，說(shuō)明它們很聰慧。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Theydoitinschools〔魚(yú)群〕ofhundreds.〞〔蝸鲼成群跳動(dòng)?！澈偷谌沃械摹癐watchedseveralschoolsoffiftyormoremullets〔鯔魚(yú)〕movinginbeautifulformation.〞〔我看到幾個(gè)由50只或更多的鯔魚(yú)組成的魚(yú)群以漂亮的隊(duì)形移動(dòng)?！晨芍瘀骱王欞~(yú)都是成群地跳動(dòng)。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。10．推理推斷題。由第四段中的“Itishardtoimaginetheywillfeelanyfresherwhenbackinwater.〞〔很難想象當(dāng)它們回到水里時(shí)會(huì)感覺(jué)更新奇?！晨芍髡哒J(rèn)為第四段提到的猜測(cè)是值得疑心的。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。11．推理推斷題。由其次段中的“ButIthinkthattheraysareenjoyingthemselves.〞〔但我覺(jué)得它們很享受光線?！澈妥罱K一段中的“GordonM.Burghardtrecentlypublishedaccountsofadozentypesoffishesleapingrepeatedly,sometimesoverfloatingobjects—sticks,plants,sunningturtle—fornoclearreasonotherthanentertainment.〞〔GordonM.Burghardt最近發(fā)表了一系列關(guān)于十幾種魚(yú)類(lèi)反復(fù)跳動(dòng)的報(bào)道，有時(shí)是在漂移的物體上，樹(shù)枝，植物，曬海龜，除了消遣之外，沒(méi)有其他明確的緣由?！晨芍?，作者認(rèn)為魚(yú)躍出水面可能是為了享受歡樂(lè)。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。推理推斷題不僅要求考生讀懂文章中的每個(gè)句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識(shí)和閱歷，再通過(guò)規(guī)律推理和推斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。推理推斷題的答案不行能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時(shí)我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中查找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：局部——推論的前提，從中推想出未知局部——推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評(píng)論，把自己的觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成作者的觀點(diǎn)。如在第1小題中，第一段中的“Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.〞，是局部，通過(guò)結(jié)合原文進(jìn)行合理地規(guī)律推斷，可以得出海豚能夠奇妙地吃掉躍出水面的魚(yú)，說(shuō)明它們很聰慧。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。12．B

13．D

14．C

15．D試題分析：本文介紹了一個(gè)自然奇觀維多利亞瀑布〔VictoriaFalls〕。12．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段最終的內(nèi)容ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404Email:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:zambiatourism?？芍@篇文章的作者應(yīng)當(dāng)是一名導(dǎo)游。應(yīng)選B。13．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一句RevealedtotheworldbythefamousBritishexplorer,DrDavidLivingstone,in1855,theVictoriaFallsareoneofAfrica’sbestknownnaturalwonders.可知，維多利亞瀑布是一位英國(guó)的探險(xiǎn)家發(fā)覺(jué)。應(yīng)選D。14．C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段對(duì)于看維多利亞瀑布的介紹，有如下幾種方法ViewingthefallsfromtheZambianside；ThefallscanalsobeviewedfromtheBoilingPot；Itcanbecrossedonfootforexcellentviewsofthefalls；Itisalsopossibletoseethefallsfromaplane.故答案為4種，選C。15．A寫(xiě)作目的題。通讀全文很明顯可看出，本文介紹了一個(gè)聞名的自然奇觀，從最終一句ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404Email:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:zambiatourism給出的旅游中心的地址，和聯(lián)系方式可看出這可能是一位導(dǎo)游寫(xiě)的，通過(guò)這樣的介紹想吸引游客來(lái)參觀維多利亞瀑布，故答案為D。考點(diǎn)：考察廣告布告類(lèi)短文閱讀。對(duì)于寫(xiě)作目的題，肯定要在理解全文意義的根底上找到文章中的關(guān)鍵信息句子。比方這篇文章通讀全文很明顯可看出，本文介紹了一個(gè)聞名的自然奇觀VictoriaFalls，這樣的話小題35很簡(jiǎn)潔選擇錯(cuò)誤的答案A，但是從最終一句ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404Email:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:zambiatourism給出的旅游中心的地址，和聯(lián)系方式可看出這可能是一位導(dǎo)游寫(xiě)的，通過(guò)這樣的介紹目的是想吸引游客來(lái)參觀維多利亞瀑布，故答案為D。16．D

17．F

18．C

19．E

20．A這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章解釋了為什么文學(xué)如此重要。16．依據(jù)空后一句“Theyalsoencourageimaginationandcreativity.(它們還鼓舞想象力和制造力。)〞中的關(guān)鍵詞also可知，空處也是描述文學(xué)的作用，D項(xiàng)“經(jīng)典文學(xué)作品是思想的食糧。〞符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。17．依據(jù)本段首句“Someofthegreatliteraryworksprovidesocietywiththeguidingprinciplesoflife.(一些宏大的文學(xué)作品為社會(huì)供應(yīng)了生活的指導(dǎo)原那么。)〞可知，此處是描述文學(xué)作品對(duì)社會(huì)的影響，空前一句“WorksbypoetslikeHomer,Plato,Sappho,Horaceandmanymorearetimeless.(荷馬、柏拉圖、薩福、賀拉斯等詩(shī)人的作品是永恒的。)〞列舉了一些宏大的作家的作品，空處應(yīng)是接著描述他們作品的影響力，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“它們總是逗樂(lè)讀者，并將連續(xù)這樣做。〞符合語(yǔ)境，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的They指代前一句中的Works。應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)。18．依據(jù)本段首句“Therearealsogreatworksinchildren’sliterature.〞可知，本段是介紹兒童文學(xué)的影響，空前一句“Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwainaresomeofthemostwidelypopularchildren’sauthors.(伊索、伊妮德·布萊頓和馬克·吐溫都是最受歡送的兒童文學(xué)作家)〞列舉了一些兒童文學(xué)作家，C項(xiàng)“他們豐富了很多人的童年。〞符合語(yǔ)境，與本段兒童文學(xué)主題全都，C項(xiàng)中的They指代前一句中的“Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwain〞。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。19．依據(jù)空前一句“Butthestudyofliteraturecannotberestrictedtoonlystudyinglanguages.(但是文學(xué)討論不能僅僅局限于語(yǔ)言討論。)〞及空后一句“Adegreeinlanguageandliteratureperhapscan'tprovideonewitheverythingliteraturecanoffer.(一個(gè)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)學(xué)位或許不能供應(yīng)文學(xué)所能供應(yīng)的一切。)〞可知，文學(xué)范圍很廣，不能僅限于語(yǔ)言討論，E項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，文學(xué)不能局限于一門(mén)教育課程。〞與此處語(yǔ)意全都，符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選E項(xiàng)。20．空處位于句首，是段落主題句，結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容“Greatliteraryandpoeticworkshelpapersontakeacloserlookatthedifferentaspectsofliving.Inmanyways,literature,initsdifferentforms,canchangeone’sattitudetowardsliving.(宏大的文學(xué)和詩(shī)歌作品可以關(guān)心人們更深化地觀看生活的各個(gè)方面。在很多方面，文學(xué)，以其不同的形式，可以轉(zhuǎn)變一個(gè)人的生活態(tài)度。)〞可知，本段敘述文學(xué)對(duì)生活的影響，A項(xiàng)“文學(xué)有助于理解生活〞符合語(yǔ)境。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。21．C

22．D

23．A

24．B

25．D

26．B

27．A

28．C

29．D

30．B

31．A

32．B

33．C

34．A

35．D本文是一篇記敘文。主要講的是當(dāng)面對(duì)在超市無(wú)法購(gòu)置到食物的逆境時(shí)，Daniel和Nancy這對(duì)夫婦打算自己制作食物，挑戰(zhàn)一年不購(gòu)置東西吃。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一場(chǎng)傳染病爆發(fā)，超市貨架都空了，這時(shí)丹尼爾和南希打算不再依靠別人來(lái)獵取食物。A.dusty布滿灰塵的；B.firm結(jié)實(shí)的；C.empty空的；D.full滿的。由上文的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout〞及常識(shí)可知，傳染病爆發(fā)時(shí)超市的食物被搶購(gòu)一空。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。22．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：一場(chǎng)傳染病爆發(fā)，超市貨架都空了，這時(shí)丹尼爾和南希打算不再依靠別人來(lái)獵取食物。A.lookfor查找；B.eacross偶遇；C.fallbehind落后；D.relyon依靠。由后文的“theywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat〞可知，他們打算不再依靠別人來(lái)獵取食物。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)夫婦打算開(kāi)頭一項(xiàng)為期一年的挑戰(zhàn)，他們不買(mǎi)任何東西吃。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.

charity慈善；C.construction建設(shè)；D.research討論。由后文的“wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat〞可知，不買(mǎi)任何東西吃，這對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)當(dāng)然是一種挑戰(zhàn)。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他們會(huì)種植、飼養(yǎng)或捕獲一切。A.Nevertheless然而；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides另外。依據(jù)上文“Thecoupledecidedtostartayearlong3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.〞和下文“theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.〞可知，上下文是相反的做法。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)疾病來(lái)襲時(shí)，它又給了我們額外的動(dòng)力。A.went去；B.dropped下降；C.failed失敗；D.hit攻擊。依據(jù)第一段的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout〞可知，此處表示疾病來(lái)襲，空格處是“攻擊〞。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)疾病來(lái)襲時(shí)，它又給了我們額外的動(dòng)力。A.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；B.push推動(dòng)力；C.debt債務(wù)；D.excuse借口。由后文的“gaveusevenmoremotivation〞可知，疾病來(lái)襲給了他們額外的動(dòng)力。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候我們都失業(yè)了，這給了我們更多的動(dòng)力去看看我們是否能養(yǎng)活自己。A.unemployed失業(yè)的；B.unconcerned不關(guān)懷的；C.occupied忙于……的；D.confused困惑的。依據(jù)第一段的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout〞可知，傳染病爆發(fā)，兩個(gè)人都失業(yè)了。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候我們都失業(yè)了，這給了我們更多的動(dòng)力去看看我們是否能養(yǎng)活自己。A.guarantee保證；B.protect愛(ài)護(hù)；C.feed喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活；D.control掌握。由上文的“theywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.4,theywouldgrow,raiseo