八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)《Unit-10-Its-a-nice-day-isnt-it》-教案

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Period1知識(shí)目標(biāo) 1.學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯：among,search,especially等。2．學(xué)習(xí)討論自己的家鄉(xiāng)并寫(xiě)成文章。能力目標(biāo) 能夠和同學(xué)討論自己的家鄉(xiāng)并寫(xiě)出家鄉(xiāng)的變化。情感目標(biāo) 1.通過(guò)討論自己家鄉(xiāng)的變化，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)自己家鄉(xiāng)的熱愛(ài)之情。2．培養(yǎng)學(xué)生善于觀察，樂(lè)于分享和交流的思想感情。要點(diǎn)精講1amongprep.在（其）中，……之一【辨析】between與among的區(qū)別between介詞，意為“在……之間”，一般指在兩者之間，常與and連用。among，介詞，意為“在……之間”，一般用于三者或三者以上的人或物之間。Ourteacherisstandingamongthestudents.我們的老師站在學(xué)生中間?；顚W(xué)活用Theoldwomanlives______asmallvillage.Itis______twohills.A.in,amongB.at,amongC.at,betweenD.in,between【答案】D2regardv.將……認(rèn)為，把……看做【點(diǎn)撥】regard…as…把……看做……，將……認(rèn)為……例如：Heregardsmeashisson.他將我視為他的兒子?；顚W(xué)活用TheAmericanteacherregardsus______hisfriends.A.asB.toC.withD.\【答案】A3considerv.注視，仔細(xì)考慮【點(diǎn)撥】considerdoingsth仔細(xì)考慮做某事=thinkaboutdoingsth;consider…as…把……視為……=regard…as…例如：Pleaseconsidercomingandjoiningus.請(qǐng)考慮來(lái)加入我們。Iconsiderreadingbooksasarelaxingactivity.我將看書(shū)視為一項(xiàng)休閑活動(dòng)?；顚W(xué)活用1.Nowadays，thestudyofEnglishisconsideredasaveryimportantindustryinChinaaswellasintherestoftheworld.A.isregardedasB.islookedasC.takesasD.treatsas【答案】A2.let’sconsider______,shallwe?A.goswimmingB.togoswimmingC.goingswimming【答案】C4Ourhometownhasleftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.我們的家鄉(xiāng)在我們的心A．8.B．18.C．4.D．14.()2.Whatplacedidhisfatherwanthimtoworkin?A．Aschool.B．Anoffice.C．Ahouse.D．Ashop.()3.WhatdidhisfatherthinkofJoe?A．Hewasagoodstudent.B．Hewasn'tagoodstudent.C．Hewasn'tclever.D．Hecouldgetmoneyfromhisfamily.()4.WhydidthemangiveJoeapieceofpaper?A．BecausehewantedtogiveJoeajob.B．BecausehewantedJoetoanswersomequestions.C．BecausehewantedtoknowifJoewasclever.D．BecausehewantedtoknowhowoldJoewas.()5.FromJoe'sanswer,“Oh,everyyear.”，wecaninfer(推測(cè))that________.A．hedidn'twanttoworkintheofficeB．hewashardworkingbutdishonestC．hewasoutgoingandcleverD．infact,hedidn'treallyanswertheman'squestions參考答案Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．least2．_being__3．_had__(have)a__wonderful__4．tosearch5．return6．__watching____to_meet_8．true9．developments10．memoriesⅡ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1．on2．In3．with4for；for5．forIII.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1．lsincethemid-20thcentury2.symbolofourcity3nmytime4.especiallys5.inourhearts.6.ashame7.returntohishometown8.AccordingtoIV.1.met2.wrong3.freedom4encouraged5.CoolV..單項(xiàng)填空1.C2.D3.C4.Dgeton意為“上車”；getaway意為“離開(kāi)”；getalong意為“相處，進(jìn)展”；gettogether意為“聚在一起”。根據(jù)句意可知選D。5.A6.B7.D8.D9.Dhelp一般用于helpsb(to)dosth“幫助某人做某事”和helpsbwithsth“在某方面幫助某人”結(jié)構(gòu)中。10.C11.A12.C13.A14.D15.DVI.1—5CBABDPeriod2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一、意義與構(gòu)成1.意義：表示過(guò)去1)發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果2)某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)2.基本構(gòu)成：have/has+done(過(guò)去分詞)3.句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+done(過(guò)去分詞)a.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+done(過(guò)去分詞)b.否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+done(過(guò)去分詞)c.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+done(過(guò)去分詞)d.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+done過(guò)去分詞二、過(guò)去分詞與動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式一樣，動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞兩種。1.規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同1)一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”如：work—worked—worked;play—played—played;enjoy—enjoyed—enjoyed.2)以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”如：dance—danced—danced;live—lived—lived;place—placed—placed.3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“ed”注意：元音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的變法參見(jiàn)一般動(dòng)詞。如：carry—carried—carried;hurry—hurried—hurried;cry—cried—cried4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加“ed”如：plan—planned—planned;stop—stopped—stopped;drop—dropped—dropped2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞有5種形式：A-A-A如：cost—cost—cost;cut—cut—cut;hit—hit—hitA-B-B如：bring—brought—brought;build—built—built;catch—caught—caught;keep—kept—kept;sell—sold—sold;smell—smelt—smelt;learn—learnt—learnt;say—said—said;meet—met—met;make—made—made;leave—left—left此類變化涉及到的動(dòng)詞較多，需要同學(xué)們認(rèn)真記憶。A-B-C如：begin—began—begun;blow—blew—blown;drive—drove—drive;break—broke—broken;forget—forgot—forgotten;eat—ate—eaten;take—took—taken;do—did—done此類變化涉及到的動(dòng)詞較多，需要同學(xué)們認(rèn)真記憶。A-A-B如：beat—beat—beatenA-B-A如：come—came—come不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞變化規(guī)則多，但是還是有一定的規(guī)律所循，希望同學(xué)們多花心思，細(xì)心記下，這是使用完成時(shí)態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)。三、用法1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示過(guò)去已發(fā)生過(guò)或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，也就是說(shuō)，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。Ihavespentallofmymoney.我花光了身上所有的錢。(含義是：Idon’thaveanymoneynow.)Janehaslaidthetable.Jane已經(jīng)把桌子擺好了。(含義是：Wecansitandhavedinner.)Michaelhasbeenill.Michael病了。(含義是：Hecan’tcometoschool.)Hehasreturnedfromabroad.他已經(jīng)從國(guó)外回來(lái)了。(含義是：He’sathomenow.)2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況,常與for（+時(shí)間段），since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)）連用。Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Mary已經(jīng)病了三天了。Ihavelivedheresince1998.我從1998年起一直住在這。Ihavebeenateacherfor10years.我當(dāng)老師已經(jīng)10年了。注意：點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞（buy,die,join,finish等）不能直接與for,since連用，需要改變動(dòng)詞。1)have代替buyIhaveboughtnewcar.他買了輛新車。(含義：他自己有車，不用搭別人車等。)Ihavehadthisbikeforalmost7years.我買這輛自行車七年了。2)用keep或have代替borrowHehaskeptthebookforalongtime.他借這書(shū)好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。3)用bein替代cometo/join/moveto等HowlonghaveyoubeeninAmerica?你來(lái)美國(guó)多久了？4)用be+副詞替代start/getup/returnto/gobacktoTheshowhasbeenonforhalfanhour.Hurryup!演出已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了。快點(diǎn)！I’vebeenupforanhour,butIstillfeelsleepy.我起床已經(jīng)一個(gè)小時(shí)了，但是我還是覺(jué)得很困。Hehasbeenbacktohishometownforayear,buthe’sstillmissingthelifeinthecity.他回到故鄉(xiāng)都一年了，但是他還是很懷念城市生活?？傊?，后加時(shí)間的完成時(shí)表達(dá)中，都表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作所延續(xù)的時(shí)間，而點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞只表達(dá)那一動(dòng)作，動(dòng)作之后所處的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)詞來(lái)表達(dá)，如come是“來(lái)”的意思，而來(lái)之后的日子都是“在…”因?yàn)椴荒苡胏ome表達(dá)，應(yīng)該用bein…來(lái)表達(dá)，意為“一直處于…”。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍，故不能和過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：yesterday,lastSunday,in1990,threeyearsago等。但是，在強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時(shí)，可以和一些表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.(×)Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.(√)1)副詞already和yetalready一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如：I’vealreadysleptfor12hoursbutI’mstillfeelingtired.我都睡了12個(gè)小時(shí)了可是我還是很累。Ihaven’tfinishedworkingyet.我還沒(méi)有完成工作。Haveyoufoundyourlostcatyet?你找到你丟了的小貓了嗎？2)ever和never多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未”。如：---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？---No,Ihaven’t.IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.沒(méi)有。我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。3)用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：just,before,uptonow,thepastfewyears等。如：Ihavejustfinishedmypaper.我才寫(xiě)完我的論文。I’vedreamaboutthatbefore.我以前夢(mèng)到過(guò)那個(gè)情景。Uptonow,hehasgot3goldmedalsintheOlympicGames.到現(xiàn)在為止，他已經(jīng)在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中取得了三塊金牌。Hehasbeentherethreetimesthelastfewdays.近幾年他去過(guò)那里三次了。4)用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：now,today,thismorning(month,year,term)等。如：---Haveyoumethimtoday?---No,Ihaven't.---今天你見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？---沒(méi)有。Howmanytimeshaveyoubeentherethisyear?今年你去過(guò)那里多少次？四、練習(xí)（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey__________whathappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2.HaveyoumetMr.Li__________?A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago3.Thefamouswriter__________twonewbooksinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten4.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I__________ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see5.---ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.---Really?When__________there?A.willtheygB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone6.---__________you__________yourhomeworkyet?---Yes.I__________itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish7.Hisfather__________thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin8.---Doyouknowhimwell?---Sure.We__________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade9.---Howlonghaveyou__________here?---Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived10.Thehouseisdirty.We__________itforweeks.A.didn’tcleanB.hadn’tcleanedC.don’tcleanD.haven’tcleaned11.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I__________herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet12.He__________Englishforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.A.hasstudiedB.studiedC.willstudyD.hadstudied（二）翻譯句子1.我父親以前到過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。_________________________________________________________2.她去過(guò)上海。_________________________________________________________3.這本字典我已經(jīng)買了三年了。_________________________________________________________4.他們已經(jīng)互相認(rèn)識(shí)。_________________________________________________________5.我哥哥還沒(méi)有回來(lái)。_________________________________________________________答案：（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，題目中提出父母很悲傷，這是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，由此可知應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，答案B。從意思來(lái)講，父母看上去很悲傷，也許他們已經(jīng)知道了他的事。2.B，D兩選項(xiàng)應(yīng)用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，A，C兩詞用語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但是just用于助動(dòng)詞have/has后，而本題應(yīng)填在句末，因而使用before，答案C。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與“inthepast+一段時(shí)間”連用。因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z(yǔ)表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間，句中的動(dòng)作是從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。故應(yīng)選D。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還與once（一次），twice（兩次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（幾次）等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語(yǔ)連用。故應(yīng)選B。5.when這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表達(dá)“何時(shí)”，問(wèn)確切的時(shí)間，多用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案為B。6.問(wèn)句中yet是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志，amomentago中的ago是典型的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志，因而答案為B7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能與for和since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，通常是用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái)代替。故答案依為D。8.since是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的典型標(biāo)志，而become是個(gè)點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，在用語(yǔ)完成時(shí)表達(dá)時(shí)，應(yīng)換成相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因而答案為B。9.有問(wèn)句可知是完成時(shí)，而“到這兒”這個(gè)概念應(yīng)該用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表達(dá)，對(duì)應(yīng)詞為been，答案為A。10.從意思來(lái)看，房子很臟，推斷出一定是一直沒(méi)有打掃，又看到forweeks，for+一段時(shí)間是完成時(shí)中的用法，因而答案為D。11.Severaltimes幾次，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與次數(shù)連用，因而答案為A。12.for+一段時(shí)間是完成時(shí)中的用法，因而選擇A。（二）翻譯句子1.MyfatherhasbeentotheGreatWallbefore.2.ShehasbeentoShanghai.3.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears.4.Theyhavealreadyknowneachother.5.Hiselderbrotherhasn’tcomebackyet.Period3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)補(bǔ)充教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：完成時(shí)中非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞向延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換1、什么時(shí)候一定要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞：在含有以下三個(gè)標(biāo)志詞的完成時(shí)句型中：since，for，howlong2、哪些瞬間性動(dòng)詞需要變成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或結(jié)構(gòu)open---beopenclose---beclosedcome/go/arrive---be(in)become---bestart/begin---beonfinish/end---beoverleave---beawaydie---bedeadgetup---beupwakeup---beawakegetmarried---bemarriedborrow---keepcatchacold---haveacoldbuy---havejoin---bein/beamemberof3、句型：(1)如：這本書(shū)他借了一個(gè)月了。(不用borrow)Hehaskeptthebookforamonth.Hehaskeptthebooksinceamonthago.(2)這本書(shū)他借了多久了？Howlonghashekeptthebook?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Mygod!I______thebookfromthelibraryformorethantwomonths.—Gotoseeifyouwillbefined.A.havelentB.haveborrowedC.havereturnedD.havekept2.—David,wherehaveyou______recently?—Ihave______toShanghaiwithclassmates.A.been,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.gone,gone3.—WhereisJack’sbrother?Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.—______.A.HehasbeentoSuzhouB.HehasgonetoSuzhouC.HeisgoingtoSuzhouD.HewillgotoSuzhou4.Myfriendshave______theresincethefirmsetup.A.workB.startworkingC.beguntoworkD.worked5.Sara______theSummerA.wenttoB.goestoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento6.It______20yearssincethey______toChina.A.was,cameB.was,havecomeC.is,havecomeD.is,came7.----______toItaly?----No,never,butIwenttoFrance5yearsago.A.DidyougoB.HaveyougoneC.HaveyoubeenD.Areyougoing8.SheisnotgoingtotheconcertsthisSundaynightbecauseshe______herticket.A.didn’tloseB.haslostC.willloseD.didn’thave9.StephenhasstudiedChineseinChina______.A.forthreemonthsB.threemonthsagoC.sincethreemonthsD.forthreemonthsago10.We______ourmissionsofar.Itisreallyfantastic.A．tofinishB.finishC.havefinishedD.finishing11.Mathew_______already_______EtonA.have,livedB.has,livedC.have,liveD.has,living12.----Areyoufamiliarwiththefamoussinger---JayChou?----Certainly!I_________tohisconcertsmanytimes.A.goB.amgoingC.havegoneD.goes13.----Nowadaysmyhometownhastakenanewlook.Itissowonderful.----Really.Greatchanges_______________duringthepast30years.A.havetakenplaceB.aretakenplaceC.tookplaceD.takeplace14.----Whereismywallet?----I__________itherejustnowbutIcan’tfinditnow.A.sawB.haveseenC.wasseeingD.see15.It’s8:00now.You_______towriteyourhomeworkyet,Bob.A.haven’tstartedB.didn’tstartC.don’tstartD.won’tstart16.Myeldersister____anewpairoftrouserslastnight.I_______themon.Theyareperfect.A.hasmade,triedB.made,triedC.hadmade,havetriedD.made,havetried17．----We____howtodrivealready.----When______youlearn?----Twoyearsago!A.learned,doesB.learned,didC.havelearned,doesD.havelearned,did18.Billy_____upforafewminutes.A.wasgettingB.isgettingC.hasgotD.hasbeen19．----____Jimandyou_____theparagraphs_____?----Yes,we____themlastnight.A.Have,copied,already,haveB.Did,copy,yet,didC.Have,copied,yet,didD.Did,copy,ever,had20.----Haveyoufinishedyourhomework______?----No,_________.A.already,notyetB.yet,notyetC.already,Ihaven’tD.ever,notyet二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Withabookinhishand,Mr.Liu______(hurry)toentertheroomjustnow.2.Nicolas_________(make)alotoffriendssince2000.3.They_________(know)manyforeignersuptillnow.4.He_________already_______(write)alettertothepresidentoftheU.S.A.5.—When_________she_________(leave)?—4weeksago.6.—_________youever_________(watch)themovie?—Yes,I_________.—Where__________you________(watch)it?—AtBeijingTheater.7.—Sally,I_________(notsee)youforalongtime.—Yeah,Ialsomissyou