英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納匯總

第 如：teacher,desks,tes,milk,box等，專有名詞表示某一特定的人、事物、地方團(tuán)體、黨派、國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)、語言、節(jié)日等的名稱（運(yùn)用）如：, ,Saturday,June,Green,Beijing,Olympic（專有名1可數(shù)名詞是指表示人或事物可以用數(shù)來計(jì)量的名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分如glass----- 如：paper,rice,water,milk,tea等。Lighttravelsfasterthansound; Thelightsareon. 如：aglassof fourglassesofapieceof twopiecesofabagof threebagsof girls;classes;boxes;以輔音字母加yyi, ffef,fev, potatoes;tomatoes；photos;kilos;bamboos; ---; ’3s，則應(yīng)加s如：DaMaoandXiaoMao’s如:thewindowsof thepictureoftheafriendofmy abookof第 詞（一 1、當(dāng)?shù)谝淮翁岬交蚰澄飼r(shí)，用a或an起介紹作用，如：Whatisthis? Itisabus.Whoisshe? Asnakeisacold-bloodanimal.AneisamachinethatcanSheisateacher; Thereisanelephantinthezoo.alongtime alittle afewata havea takeathreetimesaday fouryuanadozenIamquiteataThelittlechildisajoytohisHedrewoutatinofpineapple.Theymadeafiretoget1an用在以元音（不是字母，而是發(fā)音）起首的名詞或其他以元音起首的詞之前，不定冠詞a用在以輔音起首的名詞或其他以輔音起首的詞之前。Ihavebeenwaitingforanhour.Heisanhonestyoungfellow.Ahammerisausefulfool.3、英語中有些字母，如fh Thereisan“n”inthewordAnMPmeansamemberof第 詞（二thethis,thatthese,those等意思，用于單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。主要用來特指，使一個(gè)或幾個(gè)Iwroteanarticle.Thearticlewasaboutphysics.Pleaseclosethedoorbeforeyouleave.Let’sgototheThebookonthedeskishis.Theteacherwhotalkedwithyouishermother.thesun themoon theearth thesky Iliveon Mymotherisalwaysthefirstonetocomeandthelastonetoleave.ontheleft inthenorth inthefrontofthepiano theviolinThiswasthemostinterestingvoyagewehadeverhad.Heisthetallestofus.therich thepoor theyoung thelivingthe the the thetheChangjiang the

thetheQin theMinginthe thespringtheLis theMartinsManismortal.MissSmithcameinpoweratSheismyThisarticleyouhadwrittenisveryby by PhysicsNationalDay MayDay Heprefersmilkandeggforbreakfast.HepreferredtoyfootballandI’dratherytennis.Heiselectedmanagerofour PeopleelectedhimofthatcountrylastWorker’sNotesontheStudyofHongLouat by learnbyat at atby dayand第 詞（一 數(shù)格Ihe,she,him,Shegavethesebookstoyouandme;YoumustlookafterYou,heandIaregoingtospendthewinterholidaysin his,her,his,my yourbooks their朋友”，要用“afriendofmine”。有些結(jié)構(gòu)中常用theHehadacoldinthehead.（thehimself;herself;Mymothertookmebyhimself;herself;Hehimselfhasfinishedit（作同位語HehastaughthimselfRussianfor5years（作賓語）Ididitmysldf.（加強(qiáng)語氣）某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)：byoneself; fooneself; Theymadethemachineallbythemselves.Hecookedamealfor

第 詞（二指示代詞有：thisthatthese; ThisisTom英語中有以下不定代詞：all,each,every,both,eitherneither,one,nonelittle(alittlefew(afewmany,much,other,another,some,any,nosome,any,noevery構(gòu)成的代詞。1）both,BothofusareAllofyouaregoodatying但all還可以組成固定短語all all allthetimeeither是指“兩者之中任何一個(gè)……neither則是“兩者之中一個(gè)也不……“屬Eitherofthebookswilldo.Neitheroftheanswersisright.Tomhasn’tbeentoAmerica,Jimhasn’t,=NeitherTomnorJimhasbeento)Kateisn’taworker,neitherislittle,alittle,few,alittle,alittlefewafewThereisalittlemilkintheglass.Therearefewstudentsintheclassroom,they’reinthereading-everyeach都是強(qiáng)調(diào)每一個(gè)，everyThebuscomeseveryfiveEachofthemmaycomeatadifferentsome,something,someone,somebody,somewhere,anything,anyone,anybody,anywhere,nothing,none,nobody,nowhere,everything,everyone,everybody,everywhere.who,whom,whose,what,第 aaaaahundredandfifty- twofifteen 3:20---twentypast 2:10---tenpasthalf，15aquarter2:15---aquarterpasttwo 3:30halfpastthree+4:35---twenty-fivetofive 2:55fivetothree大于1時(shí)，分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）如： Lesson15; Room1506或者用“the+序數(shù)詞+名詞”TheFifteenthLesson thethirdfloortwohoursandahalf halfanhour

第 形容Threeisnothingserious,isthere?（充當(dāng)定語，修飾不定代詞的形容詞及短語要放在不定代詞之后）Theshoesintheshopwerenotveryexpensive.（作表語） small-smaller-–rstlarge-larger-yi，加er;-happy-happier-以一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔-er;-fat–fatter–thin–thinner–thinnestbig–bigger–biggesthot–hotter-hottest

HeisastallasI2、A≠B，則用notas(so)…as…表示甲與乙在某方面不一樣。HeisnotsotallasI=HeisshorterthanI=I’mtallerthanheTheboyisn’tascarefulasthatoneThisboyisn’tascarefulthanthatone3、+than形式ThislessonismoredifficultthanthatoneSheisfatterthanKate4、the++(inof)短MissZhouisoneofthemostpopularinourclassHeistheoldestofthethreeof常與名詞復(fù)數(shù)或表示數(shù)量的詞連用。表示“在…之中”這一。in常與表示范圍或場(chǎng)所的名詞四、形容詞特殊用moreandmore連用表示“越來越Inspringtheweathergetswarmerandwarmer.Heisgettingbusierandbusier.Themorethemore越…就越Thelargerthebusis,themorepeopleitcanThefartherawayanobjectisfromus,thesmallerit形式表達(dá)：+thananyother+名詞單數(shù)；+thantheother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Heiscleverthananyotherboy----Heistheclevestofallthe----Heiscleverthantheother第 A:how,then,yesterday,lasttime,today,justnow,lateron,sofar,ago;B:always,often,usually,sometimes,never,hardly,C:already,yetlate,early,soonatonce,atlastfinally,atfirstsince;A:here,there,home,anywhere,B:above,below,down,up,out,in,across,back,over,round,away,注：B類中表示位置的副詞有時(shí)也可作介詞。如：comein,please Theyliveinthenextroom.4、程度副詞：常見的有:much,alittle,abit,very,even,so,too,enough,quite,rather,compley,terribly,nearly,hardly,notatall。這些副詞多用來修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞以加強(qiáng)語氣。問副詞有：how,when,where,why,whoIhavereadthebook,sohasJimdidn’twinthegame,neitherdidTom.3）already,yetalreadyyet通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，already用于肯定句，yetHehasalreadyfinishedhis.Jimhasn’tcomebackyet.第 Theboyoverthereismybrother.（作定語）Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.（作定語IshallmeetyouattheentranceofQianmenHo.（作地點(diǎn)狀語）Totheirsurprisetheysawnotlocusts,butseagulls.（作原因狀語）I’llbeintheofficeeveryafternoon.（作表語）Heisn’tathome（作表語Thefarmermadethekingoutofthewater.（作賓語補(bǔ)足語）Ifoundeverythingingoodorder（作賓語補(bǔ)足語）about,at,for,from,in,of,to,（1）形容詞carefulabout hopefulabout Heiscarelessabouthisclothes（2）good surprised angry（3）形容詞famousfor readyfor I’mterriblesorryfor linghimthetruth.（4） safeHewasabsentfromclassthisMysisterisdifferentfrommeinmany（5）interestedin successfulinHeisinterestedinmakingmodelships.+Hemadeupanexcuseforbeinglate.Didyoufindthecauseforyourfailure?+HehassomedifficultyintranslatingthebookShehasmadegreatprogressinEnglish.+ShefoundanotherwayofsolvingtheproblemHeformsabadhabitofgettinguplate+Therehavebeenseveralattacksonforeignersrecently.Havepityonme!+IwantedtohaveatalkwithHeisalwaysgettingintotroublewiththe第 表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系的連詞，常見的有：and,notonly……butalsoaswellasboth…and,neither…nor….WrittenEnglishismoreorlessthesameinbothBritainandAmerican.TheywereverysurprisedandIknewthatIhaddonetherightthing.Workhardandyou’llpasstheexam=Ifyouworkhard,you’llpasstheWhileIwasintheuniversity,IlearnedbothEnglishandJapanese.BothEuropeanandAsianspeakRussiaYoucan’tspeakbothAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishatthesametime.NeitherTomnoryouareadriver.NeitherInorhehasseenthey.NeitherofusisateacherYoudon’tlikeit,NeitherdoI.Sheisbeautifulaswellasclever.Heisagreatwriteraswellasafamous,,AskherifshewillcomewithThereasonisthatsheneverwastedherIdon’tknowwhetherhehadpassedtheexam.連接時(shí)間狀語從句的從屬連詞有：since,until,after,before,when,while,assoonas,whenever. lyouassoonasIknow.Sitwhereveryoulike.IfoundmybookswhereIhadleftAlthoughshewastired,shekeptonworking.連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：asbecausesince,nowthat,Hewasabsentbecausehewasill.連接目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有：that,sothatinorderthat.Heraisedhisvoicesothatwecouldhearhim.連接條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有：ifunless,once,incase.You’llmissthetrainunlessyouhurryup.Hecamesolatethathemissedtheclass.連接比較狀語從句的從屬連詞有：as…asnotso…asless(more)…than,thethe…ThisismorethanIcanaccept.Itlooksasifitwasgoingtorain.第十 詞（一ShetookpicturesoftreesHeistyletters.IenjoyedthefilmveryIgavethechildanotherpieceofbring,build,buy,cook,cut,draw,find,get,hand,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,pay,read,return,sell,show, l,write,etc.HorsesrunTheyworkinaShecurledupinbedandbeganherbook.get,feel,sound,turn,smell,taste, MyfatherisanMybrotherhas eadoctor.Itseemsthathewasamillionaire.Idon’tfeelverywelltoday.表示感覺知覺的動(dòng)詞可以是連系動(dòng)詞，如feel,touch,sound,smell.Icansmellthesea.Thecustomsofficerlookedcarefullyattheirsuitcases.Ifeelapaininthearm.Shelookedworriedaboutit.Thesongalwaysremindsmeofmyschooldays.Parentsusuallyexpectalotoftheirchildren.Ioftentakeherforhersister.HehideeverythingfromTheheadmasterpraisedtheboyforhiscourage.Theydpeoplewithenoughfoodanddrink.Theypresenteduswithalotofflowers.Themanwaschargedwithdressoneself prepareoneselfgiveoneselfto Hegiveshimselftopopmusic.Shealwaysdressesherselfin第十二 詞（二 以輔音字母加yyi, yyybetbear,bore,born bite,bit,bitten draw,drew,drawn drink,drank,drunkeat,ate,eatenfly,flew,flown hide,hid,hidden lend,lent,lentmean,meant,meant ride,rode,ridden shake,shook,shaken swim,swam,swumtear,tore,tornthrow,threw,thrown wear,wore,worn規(guī)例 以不發(fā)音的e lying第十 詞（三助動(dòng)詞SheisngherIaskedhimwhathehadbeenngallThebabywasputinbedbyhismother.TheinvitationwasreceivedThesebooksarenottobetakenoutoftheroom.Sheistoarriveatsixthismorning.助動(dòng)詞IhavenotseenhimforthreeHowlonghasyouruncletaughtintheHehadlivedinScotlandforfifteenyearsbeforehecametoShehadtogoshop助動(dòng)詞Didanyonesharpenthisknife?Idon’tthinkyouareright.IdowanttohaveatalkwithDocomeandseeme.Haveyoufinishedyourwork? Heysbasketballwell.Sodoeshisbrother.助動(dòng)詞IshallnotbebackWeshallpayavisittotheBanporuinsnextTheywillmovetoanewhouse.Shewillnoteatanysolidfood.havetomust詞詞MustIdoitnow No,youImissedthetrain,soIhadtotakeaI’msorryIwon’tgowithyou,I’llhavetogotothebank.Wedon’thavetoinstallthisnewevisionset.usedto表示過去常常，而現(xiàn)在不再有的習(xí)慣。其否定形式為usednotto,usedn’t(usen’t)todidn’tuseto.Iusedtogotoworkbybus.NowIgobycar.IusedtocollectstampswhenIwasaboy.Usedtheytohavealotmoretime第十四 詞（四 must,will,shall,should,would,need,dare.YoumaygoThisbuscanseat40TheworkmustbefinishedassoonasmayYoumaygoMayIuseyouYoumaynotgo=Idonotpermityoutoyouhadbetternot.canThehallcanholdatleast200Thelibrariansaidwecouldtakethesebooks.TodayisSunday,hecan’tbeatschoolcanbeabletoIcanyHehasnotbeenabletofinishtheworkinmustMustIcometotheThearticlemustbecompletedbeforeYoumustn’tgettoschooltooMustIdoitnow?Yes,youmust. ShemusthavegonetoBeijing.YoumustsaysorrytomeforthatneedIneedn’twearacoat.=Idon’tthinkIneedwearacoat.Idon’tneedthingslikethat.⑤Heshallgethismoney.Youshalldoexactlyasyouwish.ShallIturnonthelight?ShallIpoenthewouldIwouldliketogoIpromisedthatIwoulddomyHewouldoftencometomyhousetosee第十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（一例sx,ch,sho結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-以輔音字母加yyi，再加-要恢復(fù)。例如：Ilike Idon’tlikeDoyoulike

No,IHegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.TheyoftenyfootballDoyouspeakTheearthmovesroundthesun.TimeandtidewaitfornoThenetakesoffat7:30.Classesbeginat8:00IfIseehim,I’lllhimtogiveyouacall.We’llwaituntilhecomesback.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的一些常見的時(shí)間狀語有：alwaysoften,usually,sometimes,seldom,ever,never,everyday,nowandthen,fromtimetotimeforever以表示說話人的某種感情，如贊嘆、厭煩等。如：Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.Heisalwaystalkingbig.第十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（二amis---- 否定形式為：wasnot---- were 疑問句是將waswereIwasinGradeThreelastterm.Iwasn’tinGradeTwolastterm.Whichgradewereyouin? 以輔音字母加yyi再加- go----went begin----began sleep----slept Iheardthegoodnewsjustnow.Thetwinsdidn’tgotoschoollastweekDidyouseethefilmyesterday?week,aminuteago,in1998,justnow,inthosedays等。例如：Theyhadababylastmonth.Mymotherwasillyesterday.Hewentoutjustnow.Hehasworkedinthefactorysinceitopenedin1990.Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelastmet.表示過去的時(shí)間狀語常見的有：yesterday,lastnight(week,year,month,Sunday),then,atthattime,justnow,afewdays(weeks,months)ago.after,before,when,while引導(dǎo)的的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語。IwantedtoaskifIcouldborrowyour第十七動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（三 nextweek,nextmonth,inafewdays,fromnowon。如I’mgoingtovisitthemuseumthisSunday.I’llbethereinhalfanhour.①begoingto+動(dòng)詞。Be隨主語人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化，否定句在be后面加not,疑問句是It’sgoingtobefineHeisn’tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.Whatareyougoingtodonext?問句需將will提至主語之前。例如：Wewillhaveabasketballmatchnextweek.Willyoucometotheparty?Ison’tlendittoWhenandwhereshallwemeet?ShallIturnontheTV?Areyougoingtoposttheletter?Howlongishegoingtostayhere?Therearealotofclouds.It’sgoingtorain.It’s7:50.I’mgoingtobelate.Hewillhelpyouifyouaskhim.Theywillcomebackam/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞→was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞→would+動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞→should+動(dòng)詞YouknewIwouldHeaskedmewhenhewouldseemeJimsaidhewasgoingtoseehisfriendthenext 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（四現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)+ help---- stop----stop Whatareyoung? Whoareyouwaitingfor?I’mcookingHeisworkingina SheistranslatinglookTheboyisalwaysaskingsomestrangequestions.Thechildrenaresinginganddancing.Whenareyoustarting? 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：thistimeyesterday,atthattime,then,lastnight,at9:00Whatwereyoungthistimeyesterday?WhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantorain.IwaswatchingTV.IwaswritingwhilemymotherwasWhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantoWhilewewerehavingaparty,thelightswentGeorgewasreadingwhilehiswifewaslisteningtothe“wasgoing+不定式”Hewasgoingtobeourteamleader.Iwastyletterslastnight.Itypedsomeletterslast第十九動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（五have/has+have/has后加not→haven’t/疑問句要將have/hasIhavealreadyfinishedthework.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Hehasneverseensuchanicecar.for+since時(shí)間點(diǎn)（表時(shí)間段；時(shí)間段+agoIhavetaughtinthisschoolfortenIhavetaughtinthisschoolsincetenyears詞。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示該動(dòng)詞可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間，如：live,work,study,teach,stay等，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞是指該動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作不能持續(xù)，是短暫的、瞬間完成的，如：borrow,come,arrive,get,leave,die等。leave----beaway bego----be come----bein/ bebuy---- borrow---- bejoin----bein/beamember be如：Hehas HehasbeenawayforanIhaveboughta Ihavehadthewatchforseveralhave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeento：曾去過have/hasgoneto：已去，去了（不在說話現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，在途中或已經(jīng)到達(dá)MymotherhasbeentoAmerica.我曾經(jīng)去過MymotherhasgonetoAmerica.我已經(jīng)去了①一般過去時(shí)只單純表示過去，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和確定的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。Wehavevisitedthefarm（現(xiàn)在對(duì)農(nóng)場(chǎng)有所了解WhendidyouloseyourcatIlostitlast Ifounditinthe第二十動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（六現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（二）HehastaughtEnglishsinceIthasbeenalongtimesinceIlastsawIt’stenyearssinceIleftschool.It’salongtimesinceIsawyou die, stop等，如：不能說：Hisfatherhasdiedforthreeyears.只能說：Hisfatherdiedthreeyearsago.不能說：Hehaslefthomefortwomonths.只能說：Helefthometwomonthsago.,Ihaven’tseenhimforalongIhaven’theardfromhimsinceheShehasn’tlefthomeeversinceshelostherhave(hasbeen和havehasgoneHassheeverbeentoNanjingYouhaveneverbeentherebefore,haveyou?IhavebeentoGuilin,Iwenttherelastyear.指現(xiàn)在人在不在，只用于第三人稱，不用于第一、第二人稱，不能用來代替havebeen（1）過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：had動(dòng)詞過Themeetinghadbegunwhenwegotthere.Hesaidhehadseenthefilm.ThefilmhadbeenonfortemminuteswhenwegotShesaidthatshehadmademuchprogresssinceshecame 語 would，could，might+OurteachertoldusalittleknowledgeisHesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthan形容詞有：afraid,glad,sure,sorry,certain,aware,confident,delighted,lucky,surprised,worried。如：I’msurethathewillThatiswhyhewaslateforschool.MissGaoisn’there. tothestationtomeetMrA. B.has C.has D.wouldaletterfromhimsinceheA.haven’t B.didn’t C.didn’t D.haven’tWhenIcamein, gamesintheA.were B.are C. D.Hurryup!The fortenA.has B.had C.hasbeen D.第二十 語態(tài)（一TheybuildthisTheyschoolisbuiltbythem.化，其變化規(guī)則與be作為系動(dòng)詞的變化完全一樣。如：ThiskindofTVsetismadeinGuangzhou.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）Thethiefwasarrested.（一般過去時(shí)）Anewroadisbeingbuiltoutsidemyhouse.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）Themanwasbeingquestionedbythe.（過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）Yourwallethasbeenfound.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Bythetimewegotthere.Theworkhadbeenfinished.（過去完成時(shí)）Mysisterwouldbetakencareofbygrandma.（過去將來時(shí)） appear,diehappen,fallarrive.Alotofbooksarekeptinourschoollibrary.Radioisusedineverydaylife.AthiefwascaughtlastTheywereaskedtospeakattheAnewlibraryisbeingputupintheirschoolnow.Thewatchisbeingrepaired.TheclassmeetingwillbeheldnextSaturdayafternoon.Thethieveswillbearrested.MybaghasbeenManystampshavebeencollectedbymesincelastyear.執(zhí)行者無須說明或不必強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，by短語可以省略。WerepairedtheThemotorwasrepairedby第二十 語態(tài)（二HeshowedmehisIwasshownhispicturesbyIwassentabirthdaypresent(byAbirthdaypresentwassenttome(byTheycallherlittle SheiscalledlittleHeleftthedoor Thedoorwasleftopenbymake,let,hear,watch,see,feel,have,noticehelpto，可是當(dāng)變?yōu)檎Z態(tài)時(shí)，后面的不定式必須帶to。如：MybrotheroftenmademedothisandthatwhenIwasIwasoftenmadetodothisandthatbymybrotherwhenIwasTheycannotfindhim.HecannotbeTheyhadputoutthefirebeforethefirebrigadearrived.Thefirehadbeenputoutbeforethefirebrigadearrived.Theywillsetupanewpublicschoolhere.Anewpublicschoolwillbesetuphere.Youmusttakegoodcareofthesetrees.Thesetreesmustbetakengoodcareof.PaperismadefromThehouseisquiteold,itwasbuiltin1950.Hewaswoundedinthefight.Calculatorcan’tbeusedinthemathsBooksandnewspapersinthereadingroommustn’tbetakenaway.Hewasawardedfirstprizeinthatcontest.Theconstructionofthenewlabmustbecompletedbytheendofnextmonth.Electricityisusedtorunmachines.第二十 非謂語動(dòng)詞（一TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.TodrivefastisquiteItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.Itisquitedangeroustodrivefast.Itisnot)+forsb.todosth.Itisveryexpensiveformetobuyacar.Itisverydifficultforachildtodothat有些形容詞之后跟of+名詞（代詞賓語）+Itisverykindofyoutosay ItisverygoodofyoutoMyjobistoteach ThefirstthingistoringhimShewantedtoaskyouaquestion. Heforgottoturnoffthelight.Wedecidedtoholdaclassmeeting.常見的可以用不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：like,lovebegin,start,try,ask,preferhate,find等，有些形容詞I’mverygladtosee He’ssuretoasksb.Todo wantsb.Todolsb.Todosth. likesb.Todosth. 足語。如：hear,watch,see,feel,make,let,have等。如：Ioftenhelpmymotherdohousework.Themanaskedthedrivertostop.TheteacheraskedusnottotalkinclassIwantyoutobuysomebananasforWesawhimy WefeltthehouseIhavealotofofworkto HewantssomethingtoHewenttothestationtomeethisfriend.（表目的Shehasgonetothemarkettobuysomevegetables.（表目的）I’msogladtohearthatyouhavepassedtheexam.（表原因）Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.（表結(jié)果）when,who,whichwhen,where,why,how等加動(dòng)詞不定式，在句中可作主語、I’mdon’tknowhowtousethecomputer.（作賓語）Wecan’tdecidewhichonetobuy.（作賓語）Thequestionishowtogetthere.（作表語）Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.（作主語）第二十 非謂語動(dòng)詞（二式主語it。Swimminginthisriverisdangerous.Itisdangerousswimminginthisriver. Ican’thelplaughing.Ienjoyedreadingthis Irememberseeingtheman ng forgettodo IforgottoturnoffthelightswhenIleftthe ng regrettodo IregretlingyouthebadIregrettosayI’munabletohelp④stopng Westoppedtoseewhathappened.Let’sstoptalkingabout ng trytodo I’lltry ngitinanewway.Ioncetriedtolearn ng meantodo GivingupthejobmeansmissingagoodImeantohelphimwith⑦prefertodosth……ratherthandopreferngsth.tong Ipreferworkingtostayingathome.Thispairofshoesneedsrepairing.Thewallsoftheroomwant第二十六句子的類型（一Iwashavingdinnerwhenhecamein.Heisnowworkingatabank.ThequalityofthiskindofbikeisThereisnomilkintheTherearenostudentsiintheOneofthestudentsisabsent.Makingthingsisagoodactivity.WhathurthermostishisSusanandSallylikepopTheworkerandthepeasantaregoingtogiveusa aswellas… togetherwith…He,aswellashisclassmates,likespopularsongs.MrLi,togetherwithhiswifeandtwosongs,isonholidaytheseNeitherInormybrotherisgoodatmaths.EitheryouorI’mwrong.Tenpoundsisenough. Twohoursisalongtime.,I’mnotadoctor. Ihaven’tgotacamera.Ihavenevermethimbefore.not就行。Ididn’tgototheconcertyesterday.Hedoesn’tspeakEnglishNomenare Nomanis表示部分否定的詞有：notall,noteverything,noteverybody,noteverywhere,notboth,notalways.Noteverybodyenjoysfishing.Noteverythinggoes 句子的類型（二Areyoua MustIgoDoesheoftenwritetoyouDidyouenjoyyourselflast+Isherbrotheradoctororateacher?Herbrotheradoctor.①+Heisstupid,isn’t②+Hedoesn’tlikesports,doesYounevertoldusyouaretheheadmaster,did=Heusedtoswiminwinter,usen’tEverybodyadmireshim,don’tHeneverspeaksloudly,doesSomethingiswrongwiththemachine,isn’tit?Everythingisingoodorder,isn’tLet’sgoforawalk,shallwe?Let’sstopforarest,willit”，而且疑問部分必須用否定式。Whatacleverboy,isn’tWhatawonderfullecture,isn’t

第二十 句子的類型（三句子的類型：祈使句Lookatthese PleasekeeptheclassroomDobequiet. Dostudyhard.句型：Don’g+動(dòng)詞……Don’tmakethesamemistake.Don’tlookoutofthewindows.祈使句=Youmust……Bequiet.=youmustbeDon’tmakeanynoiseYoumustn’tmakeanynoise.Please+祈使句=Willyouplease……？PleasereadaftermeWillyoupleasereadafterme?3、祈使句Let…句型Let’sgotoschool LetmetryLethimworkouttheproblembyhimself.LetLibemonitor.What+名詞詞組；Whatabeautifuldayitis!How+形容詞或副詞HowwelltheyhavelearnedEnglish!Howwellheswims!Whathow來引導(dǎo)感嘆句，但是不定冠詞a,an要放在形容詞的后面。WhatabeautifulHowbeautifulaparkitWehavemanycakesforsupper（變?yōu)榉穸ㄒ蓡柧銲wouldlikeacupoftea,please.（變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧銱eisateacherastudent)（改為選擇疑問句Itisanicebox.（改為感嘆句Theworkersareworkinghard.（改為感嘆句Tomissittingonthedesk.（改為否定的祈使句 Everythingis? Thisisn’tyour? Don’tlookoutofthe?第二十 句子的分類（一Theteacheriskind. Mysonbecameadoctoratlast.Myhead HeisTheprofessorlivesinWestayedinforafew常見的不及物動(dòng)詞有：sleep,walk,swim,happen,takece,go,come,work,laugh,Hecandrivea TheyspeakPleaselistentomewish,offer等。Hegavetheinspectorhispassport.MyfathertaughtusEnglish.Theoldmanboughthisdaughteranicescarf.Theoldmanboughtanicescarfforhisdaughter.Givetheteacherthisbook.=GivethisbooktotheHismotherfindshimacleverboy.Pleasekeeptheroomclean.seewatch,lookat,listento,hear,feel,let,make（使）have（使）等這些詞后的賓補(bǔ)，如果是IheardamanknockatthedoorthreeAmanwasheardtoknockatthedoorthree第三 句子的分類（二并列句therebe結(jié)構(gòu)并列連詞有：and,butornorfor,while,either…orneither…nownotonlybut主從連詞有：so,however,stillyet,同等關(guān)系：andnotonly…butalsoneither…nor…Hecouldneitherreadnorwrite.Henotonlystudieshard,butalsolikes轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but/yet/still/while/whenTomwasnottherebuthisbrotherwasthereEitheryoudidn’tunderstandthis,oryouwerenotcarefulHehurried,foritwasgettingHelikedthebookverymuch,soIgaveitto2、therebe思，be是謂語動(dòng)詞，be后面是主語，beThereisagardenbehindthehouse.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.ThereisacupandtwobooksontheTherearefivestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.Whatshelikesiswatchingthechildreny.Itisrightthatyoutoldhimthetruth.Whythefirebrokeoutatnightremainsamystery.Whetherwecanhelpyouisadifficultquestion.WhenthemeetingwillbeheldhasnotbeenThequestionisthatwemustbegoodatlearningfromThatiswhatIwant lThequestioniswhichoftheclasseswechoosetobetheexcellentThequestionishowwecanhelphim.Thatiswhyhehasbeenlate.第三十 賓語從that,if,whether,what,which,who,whom,when,where,how,why等。ThetroubleisthatweareshortofDoyouknowifMrSmithisatDoyouknowwhobrokethewindow?Idon’tknowwhenIshallfinish.Iwonderifthenewsisafraid,sure,sorry,glad,worried,aware,confident,angry等。Theywereangrythattheyhadlostthechance.Canyoulmewherethelibraryis?I’msorrythatI’mHetoldmethatitwouldraintomorrow.Nooneknowsifhewillcomeatall.第三十二動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（一例sx,ch,sho結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-以輔音字母加yyi，再加-要恢復(fù)。例如：Ilike Idon’tlikeDoyoulike No,IHegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.TheyoftenyfootballMissGaoteachesEnglish.DoyouspeakJapanese?Theearthmovesroundthesun.TimeandtidewaitfornoThenetakesoffat7:30.Classesbeginat8:00IfIseehim,I’lllhimtogiveyouacall.We’llwaituntilhecomesback.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的一些常見的時(shí)間狀語有：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,ever,never,everyday,nowandthen,fromtimetotimeforever以表示說話人的某種感情，如贊嘆、厭煩等。如：Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.Heisalwaystalkingbig. 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（二amis---- 否定形式為：wasnot---- were 疑問句是將waswereIwasinGradeThreelastterm.Iwasn’tinGradeTwolastterm.Whichgradewereyouin? 以輔音字母加yyi再加- go----went begin----began sleep----slept Iheardthegoodnewsjustnow.Thetwinsdidn’tgotoschoollastweekDidyouseethefilmyesterday?week,aminuteago,in1998,justnow,inthosedays等。例如：Theyhadababylastmonth.Mymotherwasillyesterday.Hewentoutjustnow.Hehasworkedinthefactorysinceitopenedin1990.Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelastmet.表示過去的時(shí)間狀語常見的有：yesterday,lastnight(week,year,month,Sunday),then,atthattime,justnow,afewdays(weeks,months)ago.after,before,when,while引導(dǎo)的的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語。IwantedtoaskifIcouldborrowyour第三十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（三 nextweek,nextmonth,inafewdays,fromnowon。如I’mgoingtovisitthemuseumthisSunday.I’llbethereinhalfanhour.①begoingto+動(dòng)詞。Be隨主語人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化，否定句在be后面加not,疑問句是It’sgoingtobefineHeisn’tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.Whatareyougoingtodonext?問句需將will提至主語之前。例如：Wewillhaveabasketballmatchnextweek.Willyoucometotheparty?Ison’tlendittoWhenandwhereshallwemeet?ShallIturnontheTV?Areyougoingtoposttheletter?Howlongishegoingtostayhere?Therearealotofclouds.It’sgoingtorain.It’s7:50.I’mgoingtobelate.Hewillhelpyouifyouaskhim.Theywillcomebackam/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞→was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞→would+動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞→should+動(dòng)詞YouknewIwouldHeaskedmewhenhewouldseemeJimsaidhewasgoingtoseehisfriendthenext第三十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（四do— help---- stop----stop Whenareyoustarting? 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：thistimeyesterday,atthattime,then,lastnight,at9:00Whatwereyou ngthistimeyesterday?WhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantorain.IwaswatchingTV.IwaswritingwhilemymotherwasWhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantoWhilewewerehavingaparty,thelightswentGeorgewasreadingwhilehiswifewaslisteningtothe“wasgoing+不定式”Hewasgoingtobeourteamleader.Iwastyletterslastnight.Itypedsomeletterslast第三十 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（五其構(gòu)成形式是：have/has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞have/has后加not→haven’thasn’t疑問句要將have/has放到主語之前。Ihavealreadyfinishedthework.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Hehasneverseensuchanicecar.for+since時(shí)間點(diǎn)（表時(shí)間段；時(shí)間段+agoIhavetaughtinthisschoolfortenIhavetaughtinthisschoolsincetenyears詞。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示該動(dòng)詞可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間，如：live,work,study,teach,stay動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作不能持續(xù)，是短暫的、瞬間完成的，如：borrow,come,arrive,get,leavedie等。leave----beaway bego----be come----bein/ bebuy---- borrow---- bejoin----bein/beamember be如：Hehas HehasbeenawayforanIhaveboughta Ihavehadthewatchforseveralhave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeento：曾去過have/hasgoneto：已去，去了（不在說話現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，在途中或已經(jīng)到達(dá)MymotherhasbeentoAmerica.我曾經(jīng)去過MymotherhasgonetoAmerica.我已經(jīng)去了①一般過去時(shí)只單純表示過去，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和確定的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。Wehavevisitedthefarm（現(xiàn)在對(duì)農(nóng)場(chǎng)有所了解WhendidyouloseyourcatIlostit