專業(yè)外語(yǔ)課件professional english ii

Professional

EnglishDian

Tang,

Teng

Zhang2014.

9Memory

for

VocabularyLiveamong

English-speakingpeopleUse

somemethods:Be

of

ConfidenceObserve

carefullyStimulate

for

key

wordsThink

overAssociate

withVocabulary

for

MaterialsScienceNumbersFeaturesChemical

substancesOthersNumbersDigits

and

integersFractions

and

decimalsSeveral-scale

systemsOperationBuilding

wordsNumeral

O

Zero:

零點(diǎn)、無(wú)、調(diào)零。Between

positiveand

negativeO

[ou]:零。0,0.5Null:零、空的、無(wú)效、不存在。Nullsetting,null

and

voidNaught:

零、無(wú)。0,0.5,naught

pointfive,bring

to

thenaught

Nought:

零、沒(méi)有。0,0.5,nought

pointfive,bring

to

thenoughtNumeral

1-10haplo,mono,

uni:單，一，獨(dú)haploid

單倍體monoxide一氧化碳monoatomic單原子的bi,

di,

dipl,

twi,

du:

二，雙，兩，偶biocolor雙色,dichromatic

雙色的,twin孿生dual

雙重的Tri:

三，丙triangle三角triacylglycerol三酰甘油

tricarboxylic

acid

cycle

三羧酸循環(huán)quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra:四quadrilateral四邊的quadrivalent四價(jià)的pent,penta,quique:五pentose戊糖pentagon五角形pentane戊烷quintuple

五倍hex,hexa,sex:

六hexose已糖hexapod六足動(dòng)物

hexamer六聚體hepta,sept(i):七h(yuǎn)eptane

庚烷heptose

庚糖heptoglobin七珠蛋白Oct:八octpus

章魚octagon八角形octane

辛烷octase

辛糖enne,nona:九nonapeptide九肽enneahedron九面體Numeral

1-10Numeral

magnitudedeca,deka十,decapod十足目動(dòng)物decahedron十面體decagram

十克hecto百,hectometer百米hectoliter百升hectowatt百瓦kilo千kilodalton

(KD)

千道爾頓kilobase

千堿基kiloelectron

volt

千電子伏特Million,

Mil’n

:

10E6Billion:

10E9Trillion:

10E12QuadrillionQuintillionSextillionNumeral

magnitudeDeci:10E(-1),十分之一，分decimeter

分米decigram

十分之一克centi:10E(-2),百分之一Mill,milli:10E(-3),千分之一，毫millimole

毫摩（爾）milliliter

毫升micro:10E(-6),

百萬(wàn)分之一，微，微小，微量microgram微克micropipet微量移液器nano:10E(-9),十億分之一，毫微，納

nanosecond十億分之一秒nanometer納米pico

:

10E(-12)femto:

10E(-15)atto

:

10E(-18)Numeral

quantityKilo:

kilobyteMega:巨大，兆，百萬(wàn)megaspore大孢子

megavolt兆伏megalopolitan特大城市

megabyteGiga:

gigabyteTera:

terabyteNumeral

quantityHolo:全，整體，完全holoenzyme

全酶holoprotein全蛋白Macro:大，巨大，多macroelement常量元素macromolecular大分子poly,multi,mult:

多，復(fù)合polyacrylate聚丙烯酸酯polymer

聚合物multichain多鏈的FeaturesColorLocationExtentColorchrom顏色:chromophore生色團(tuán)chromosome染色體chromatography色譜法melan,melano,nigr黑:melanoma黑素瘤melanin黑色素melanophore黑色素細(xì)胞xantho,flavo,fla,flavi,lute黃:xanthous黃色的，黃色人種flavone黃酮letein黃體素erythro,

rub,

rubrm,

ruf,紅:erythrocyte紅細(xì)胞

erythromycin紅霉素Colorchloro,chlor綠，氯:chlorophyll葉綠素chloride氯化物chloramphenicol氯霉素cyan,cyano

藍(lán)，青紫色，氰:cyanobacteria藍(lán)細(xì)菌cyanide氰化物aur,glid,chrys金色:auric金的aurous亞金的aurum金(拉)chrysanthemum菊花glidstone

金沙石glid鍍金leu,leuco,leuk,leuko,blan,alb無(wú)色，白色：

leucine亮氨酸blank空白bleaching漂白粉

albomycin白霉素Location

and

Extendendo,ento,內(nèi)，在內(nèi):endothermal吸熱的endocrine內(nèi)分泌ec,ect,exc,extra外，外面，表面:ectoblast外胚層extract

抽取，浸出meso

中，中間:mesosphere

中圈，中層mesoscopy

介觀intra,intro,inter

在內(nèi)，向內(nèi)：intromit進(jìn)入

interurban城市之間centri,centro,medi,mid

中心，中央，中間:centrifuge離心centriole

中心粒Location

and

Extendepi,peri

上，外，旁,epime

差位異構(gòu)體perilune近月點(diǎn)sub,suc,suf,sug

下，低，?。簊ubstructure亞結(jié)構(gòu)subsection小節(jié)，分部super,supra上，高，超,superfluid超流體superoxide超氧化物9

hyper

超過(guò)，過(guò)多,hypereutectoid過(guò)共晶

hyperelastic

超彈性的hypo下，亞，低，次：hypoeutectoid亞共晶

hypotension低血壓iso

等，相同，同：iso-osmotic等滲的isothermal等溫isotope同位素Location

and

Extendoligo，olig少，低，寡，狹:oligohaline狹鹽性oligomer寡聚體oligarchy寡頭政治eury

多，寬，廣:eurythermal

廣溫的eurytopicspecies廣幅種ultr超:ultra-acoustics超聲學(xué)ultra-structure超微結(jié)構(gòu)ultroviolet紫外線infra下，低，遠(yuǎn):infralittoral遠(yuǎn)岸的infrared紅外線的infrastructure基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)ChemicalsElementsSpeciesBasic

WordsOrigin

ofElementsPronunciationofElementsBasic

word

from

A

to

ZElement

FamiliesChemical

elements

are

classified

as

metals

and

nonmetals.

Theatoms

of

metals

are

electropositive

and

combine

readily

with

theelectronegative

atoms

of

the

nonmetals.

A

group

of

elementscalled

metalloids,

intermediate

in

properties

between

the

metalsand

the

nonmetals,

are

sometimes

considered

a

separate

class.These

groups

of

elements

with

similar

physical

and

chemicalproperties

are

called

families.Element

Groups

(Families)Alkali

EarthAlkaline

EarthTransition

MetalsRare

EarthOther

MetalsMetalloidsNon-MetalsHalogensNoble

GasesPeriodic

Table

of

ElementsAll

metal

element

----iumAll

Group

VII(halogen)----ineAll

Group

O(noble

gases) ----on,

besides

Helium(no

found

on

earth)All

higher

number

than

104

named

by

Latinnumber

before

official

decision.Origin

of

the

ElementsHistorical

reason:

Gold,

silverTerritory:

FranciumColor

or

Odour:

Chlorine,BrominePerson

name:

Einsteinium，Nobelium,CuriumGod

or

godess:

Promethium,TitaniumMistake:

Platinum，Spanish

PlatinaStar:

PlutoniumMan-madeOrigin

of

the

ElementsNo.:

110

(Darmstadtium,

Dc,

Aug.

2005)No.

113,

114,

115,

116,

118

(2006/10/16,

USA-Russ

team

)Main

GroupsGroup

I

-

Alkali

MetalGroup

II

-

Alkaline

Earth

MetalGroup

III

Boracic

GroupGroup

IV

-

Carbonic

GroupGroup

V-

Nitric

GroupGroupVI

-

Oxygenic

GroupGroup

VII

-

HalogenGroup

0

-

Noble

GasesTransition

ElementsPeriod

4(第一過(guò)渡元素)

Period

5(第二過(guò)渡元素)

Period

6

&

7(第三過(guò)渡元素):

Period

6

(d-block

elements)Period

7

(d-block

elements)Inner

Transition

ElementsLanthanide

Elements(鑭系元素)Actinide

Elements(錒系元素)Basic

Chemical

speciesAcids:hydrochloric

acidAlkalis:

alkene,

basicsodium

hydroxideSalts:titanium

chloriteMetal

and

Valenceforumsferriticferro-ferricferrousferreousferruginousausteniticMetal

and

Valenceaurrumauricaurateauro-aurousauriferousgoldengolplategoldcladgoldbondedHydrogen

and

waterhydrogenHydr-:水、氫化、流體hydracidhydrateh