2022年湖南省株洲市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題一卷(含答案)

2022年湖南省株洲市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題一卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.CrossCulturalConflictResolutioninTeams

Teammembersworkinincreasinglydiverseenvironments:intermsofage,gender,language,andnationality.Beyondthesediffereces,therearealsodeeperculturaldifferecesthewayconflictisapproached.

Theuseofteamsrepresentsandimportantchangeinthewaywework.Thetheoryisthatthroughtheinterdependencyofthepartsgreaterprodctiviryisachievedbythewhole.Experiencehasbeenlesskind.Onereasonthatteamsfailtomeetperformanceexpectationsistheirparalysisthroughunresolvedconflict.

TeamsDynamics

Overtimesuccessfulteamsdevelopculturallydistinctpathwaystocommunicate,Problemsolving,makedecisions,andresolveconflict.Mostliteratureonteamssuggeststhattheyrealizehighperformancelevelsbypassingthroughfourdistinctdevelopmentphases:'forming''storming','norming'and'performing'.

Thedevelopmentofteamnormsdoesnottakeplaceinavacuum,butisembeddedinthewidersocial,politicalandeconomiccontextoftheday.Anotherrealityisthatteammemberstonothaveaccesstothesamepower.Sourcesofpowerdiffer,asdoexpectationsabouthowandwhenitwillbeused.Itissuggestedthatasuccessfulteamwill:

becomfotabledealingwithconflict

becommittedtoresolvingdisputesclosetothesource

resolvedisputesbasedoninterestsbeforefightsandpuwer

learnfromexperiencewithconflicts.

Thistiesinwithresearchontheeffectsofinterpersonalconflictinteams.Ateammember'scommitmenttoteamandtheteammissiondecreasesifconflictgoesunresolved,butcanincreaseifconflictiswell-managedandresolved.Ifunhealthyconflictgoesunresolvedfortoolong,teammembersarelikelytoquitortosearchforalternatives.

DefiningCulture

Socialanthropology,astheacademicfieldresponsibleforthestudyofculture,hasyettosettleonadifinitionofculture.However,forourpracticalpurposes,cultureisdefinedasthesharedsetofvalued,beliefs,norms,attitudes,behaviors,andsocialstructuresthatdefinerealityandguideeverydayinteractions.

Thisdefinitionimpliesthatcultureisanattributeofagroup,andalsocontemplatesthefactthattheremanybeasmuchvariationwithinthegroupasbetweendiferentgroups.Weoftenassociateculturewithanationalgroup,however,cultureincludesethnicgroups,clans,tribesandorganizations.Teamswithinorganizationsalsohavebeliefs,attitudesandbehaviorsthatconstituteuniquecultures.

Althoughtherearemanysimilaritiesbetweencultures,itisimportantnottominimizerealdifferencesthattoexist.

Ausefultoolforconsideringtheculturesofdifferentgroupsinthebellcurve.Themajorityofagroupculturewillconfirmtoadominantsetofbeliefs,attitudesandbehaviors,buttherewillbemembersoftheculturalgroupthatdifferinsignificantwaysfromthenorm.

IndividualisticandCollectivistDimensionsofaCulture

Animportantdimensionofcultureistheextenttowhichmembersidentifywiththegroup(inthiscasetheteam)ratherthatthemselvesasindividuals.Individualisticculturesplaceahighvalueon"autonomy,Initiative,creativity,andauthoriyindecisionmaking."Individualintereststrumpgroupinterests,andanygroupcommitmentisafunctionofaperceivedself-benefit.Collectivistcultures,ontheotherhand,valuethegroupabovetheindividual.Groupconformityandcommitmentismaintainedattheexpenseofpersonalinterests.Harmony,gettingalongandmaintaining'face'areseenascrucial.

ThedominantcultureintheUSA,Canada,WesternEurope,Australia,andNewZealandisindividualistic,whilecollectivismpredominatestherestoftheworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Sociolectsoftendevelopduetosocialdivisionswithinasociety,suchasthoseof______.

3.

Investigatorsdon't______howmanyphytochemicalsexistandhowtheywork.

4.

Bothfathershadextremelydifferentrespectforeducationandlearning.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Whatisopenlyapprovedbyalmostallpeopleis______.

6.

Ifyourankthebooksaccordingtothefrequencytheymightbetouched,you'dbetterput______.

A.referencebooksatthemostimportantposition

B.brand-newbooksatthemostimportantposition

C.dog-earedbooksatthemostimportantposition

D.allthenovelsatthemostimportantposition

7.

Investmentinenvironment______present-dayeconomicdevelopment.

8.

MaskTwainearnedalargesumofmoneybycollectingandsellingcocoa.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

ThebrainshrinkagecausedbyAlzheimercannowbemeasuredwith______.

A.thehippocampus

B.brainscans

C.mathematicalmodelstoanalyzetheresults

D.volumetricmagneticresonanceimaging

10.

Sensitiveteethmayindicateaseriousproblemthatmayneedpromptcarebyadentist.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Bluetoothnetworkingtransmitsdatavialow-powerradiowavesbetween402GHzand480GHz.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedtoT-Painsince2005?

A.HehadtogiveupAuto-Tune.

B.Hebecameverysuccessful.

C.HemadeafortuneworkingforthePrince.

D.Hewonfameasteachersofwell-knownsingers.

13.

Besideshisbasicsalaryofabout5500yuan,theforeignteacheralsogets______.

14.Theauthofeels______abouthumanity'sfinalvictoryinthecentury-oldbattleagainstback-pain.

15.

Defendingthemselvesagainstattack,testpreparationcompaniessaytheircoursesarebasedon______.

16.

Thehydrogencanbegeneratedfrom__________________orproducedbyreformingfossilfuels.

17.

ThevoyageofEmery'sfatherandhiscompanionsheadingforCookInletcanbedescribedas______.

18.

Toreducethedamageofbooksinaroomwithwindows,youhaveto______.

19.

IntheUnitedStates,thetwomajorprovidersofdirectbroadcastsatellitetelevisionare______.

20.

the______canbeusedwhenconsideringtheculturesofdifferentgroups.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(36)

A.ItisdifficultforpeoplelivinginaStoneAgeculturetomoveintoamodernworld.

B.Inventionisanewideatomodernpeople.

C.Theabilitytobringtrainedpeopletogethertosolveproblemshowsmanisbright.

D.Whatweneedisdemandsfromotherstoworkforabetterfuture.

22.

【B6】

23.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Itmusthaveatleasttwobathroomsandalargekitchen.

W:Andatwo-cargarageandahalf-acregarden.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakersdiscussing?

(18)

A.Healwayssayswhathewantstosay.

B.Henevercomestothepoint.

C.Hecanhardlyexpresshimselfclearly.

D.Hespeakstoofast.

24.(24)

A.HedidnotreceivetheNewStudentPacket.

B.HedidnotreadthroughtheNewStudentPacket.

C.TheCityMetrodidnotsendanadvertisementtohim.

D.Hedidnotjointhestudentunion.

25.

【B3】

26.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽(tīng)力原文：Four-year-oldchildrenarebeingtestedfortheirabilitytorecognizesimplewordsandlettersinthealphabet.Theyarealsobeingtestedfortheirskillswithnumbers.FederaleducationofficialssaythetestwillhelptheHeadStartprogramimprove.Theofficialswillcomparetheperformanceofthechildrenagainstnationalaveragesinearlyarithmetic,marlingandwriting.

Localnon-profitorganizationsoperatetheprograms.Thegovernmentspendsmorethansix-and-a-halfthousand-milliondollarsayeartopayforHeadStart.

Federalofficialssayclosetoamillionchildrenthroughoutthecountrytakepartintheprograms.

WadeHornleadstheHeadStartprogramforthegovernment.MisterHornsaysthetestisdesignedtolearnwhichkindsofprogramshelpchildrenthemost.

TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesreleasedareportonHeadStartinJune.TheagencycomparedHeadStartchildrenwithchildrenfromaverage,middle-incomefamilies.ItsaidtheHeadStartchildrenarenotasreadyforschoolastheothers.ButsomeeducatorscriticizetheideathatoneyearinHeadStartcouldraisepoorchildrentoaveragelevels.Somealsocriticizepartsofthetest.Forexample,criticsnotethatthechildrenareaskedtopointtoapictureofa"swamp."Theysayalotofchildren,especiallyfromcities,mightnotknowthataswampisawetlandareawithgrass.

Still,evensomeeducatorswhoopposethetestagreewithfederalofficialsthatHeadStartneedstodobettertopreparechildrenforschool.Currently,localprogramsdecidewhattheywanttoteach.Manyhaveplacedmajorimportanceonhealth,nutritionandsocialdevelopment.Inrecentyears,federalmanagersofHeadStarthavebeentellingprogramstoplacemoreimportanceonbasicskillsneededforschool.

Four-year-oldchildrenambeingtestedfortheirabilitytorecognizesimplewordsandlettersinthe【B1】______.Theyarealsobeingtestedfortheirskillswithnumbers.FederaleducationofficialssaythetestwillhelptheHeadStartprogram【B2】______.Theofficialswillcomparethe【B3】______ofthechildrenagainstnational【B4】______inearlyarithmetic,readingandwriting.

Localnon-profitorganizations【B5】______theprograms.Thegovernmentspendsmorethansix-and-a-halfthousand-milliondollarsayeartopayforHeadStart.

Federalofficialssayclosetoamillionchildren【B6】______thecountrytakepartintheprograms.

WadeHornleadstheHeadStartprogramforthegovernment.MisterHornsaysthetestis【B7】______tolearnwhichkindsofprogramshelpchildrenthemost.

TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices【B8】______areportonHeadStartinJune.【B9】____________________.ItsaidtheHeadStartchildrenarenotasreadyforschoolastheothers.ButsomeeducatorscriticizetheideathatoneyearinHeadStartcouldraisepoorchildrentoaveragelevels.Somealsocriticizepartsofthetest.Forexample,criticsnotethatthechildrenareaskedtopointtoapictureofa"swamp."【B10】_________________________.

Still,evensomeeducatorswhoopposethetestagreewithfederalofficialsthatHeadStartneedstodobettertopreparechildrenforschool.Currently,localprogramsdecidewhattheywanttoteach.Manyhaveplacedmajorimportanceonhea

27.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Ihaven'tseenyouhereforacoupleofweeks.Haveyoustoppedeatingorsomething?

M:No.DoesitlookasifI'vestoppedeating?I'vebeenspendingalotoftimeinthelibrary.

W:Workingonapaper?

M:IwishIwereworkingonapaper.Iwasworkingonthreedifferentpapers:anthropology,Englishliterature,andhistory.

W:Wow.Thatisalotofwork.

M:Yeah.Andwhat'sfrustratingisthatI'mstudying19thcenturyBritishEmpireinallthreeclasses.ButIcan'twriteasinglepaperforallthethree.

W:Whynot?

M:Theprofessorswon'tletme.EvenifImakeitthreetimesaslongasthesuggestedlength.

W:Oh.That'stoobad.Couldyouwriteyourpaperonthreeaspectsofonetopic?M:Mm.Whatdoyoumean?Doyouhavesomethinginmind?W:Well,let'ssee.MaybeyoucoulddosomethingwithRomanticism,like—writeyouranthropologypaperontheculturalbasisofRomanticism;andyourhistorypaperontheinfluenceoftheRomanticpoetsontheBritishforeignpolicy;and...OK...andyourEnglishpaperonanalysisofsomeRomanticpoems.

M:Hey.That'snotabadidea.I'vealreadystartedtheresearchforoneofmypapers.SoIcanusethat.Oh,it'ssonice!WhatcanIdotorepayyou?

W:Youwanttowrapupmychemistrylabforme?

M:I'dloveto.ButI'venevertakenchemistry.SoI'mnotsureifyouwillliketheresults.

W:Oh,well.Nothanksnecessarythen.Haveagoodweekend.Andtrytogetoutofthelibraryandgetsomesleep.Youlooktired.Youhavebigcirclesunderyoureyes.

M:OK.I’lltry.Seeyoulater.

W:Seeyou.

(20)

A.Workingovertimeasalibrarian.

B.Writingpapersforhisclasses.

C.Meetingwithhisprofessors.

D.Doingextraworkinthechemistrylab.

28.(15)

A.Thevisitingeconomisthasgivenseverallectures.

B.Dr.Johnsonandtheguestspeakerwereschoolmates.

C.Dr.Johnsoninvitedtheeconomisttovisittheircollege.

D.Theguestlecturer'sopinionisdifferentfromDr.Johnson's.

29.(32)

A.Rape.B.Burglary.C.Aggravatedassault.D.Smuggling.

30.(34)

A.Hephotographedherhouse.

B.Hephotographedherpaintings.

C.Hegaveheradviceonphotography.

D.Hegaveheradviceonpaintingtechniques.

31.

【B9】

32.聽(tīng)力原文：Thehomeisthecentralfocusofmostyoungpeople'slivesinBritain,particularlyforthosewhoarestillattendingschool.Themajorityrelyupontheirhomeenvironmentasaplaceofsecurityandupontheirparentsasthemainprovidersoffood,moneyandothernecessitiesoflife—aswellasgeneraladvice.Youngpeoplespendalargeproportionoftheirleisuretimeathomewithothermembersoftheirfamilyorwithfriends.

Afterthehome,schoolisthemainsocialenvironmentwherechildrennotonlyreceivetheirformaleducationbutalsodeveloptheiridentitieswithinpeergroups.AllschoolchildreninBritainareencouragedtotakeupactivitieswhichcomplementtheiracademicandvocationaleducationandhelptoidentifytheirindividualtalent,suchassports,drama,musicandcreativepursuits.Manyoftheseform.partoftheschoolcurricula.

Thepersonaldevelopmentandinformalsocialeducationofyoungpeopleagedfrom11to25arealsopromotedbytheYouthServiceinBritain.TheServiceisapartnershipbetweenlawauthoritiesandalargenumberofvoluntaryorganizations.ArecantsurveyestimatesthatnearlysixmillionyoungpeopleinthisagegroupareeithercurrentorpastparticipantsintheService.

YouthclubsandcentersarethemostcommontypesofYouthServiceprovision,encouragingtheirmemberstoparticipatehisport,culturalandcreativeactivities,andcommunityservice.Somealsoprovideinformationandcounseling.Youthclubsmaybebranchesofnationalorinternationalbodiesortheymaybeentirelylocalinstitutions.

(33)

A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.AtYouthClubs.D.AtYouthCenters.

33.(22)

A.Toputupnoticesoncommunitybulletinboards.

B.Topostnoticesonwirepoles.

C.Toaskhisteachersforhelp.

D.Toregisterinjob-centeroftheuniversity.

34.(38)

35.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Whalewatchingisagrowingecotourismindustryaroundtheworld.Itcanbeemotional,educationalandanimportantpartoflocaleconomies,offeringauniqueopportunityforpeopletoappreciatethemagnificenceofwhalesintheirnaturalhabitatandtohelpmotivatepeopletoprotecttheseanimalsandtheirenvironment.(26)Additionally,muchofwhatscientistsknowaboutwhalesisaresultofresearchconductedwhiletheyareaboardcommercialwhalewatchingvessels.

However,unregulatedwhalewatchingcanalsoleadtoproblems,includingthreatstotheanimals'well-beingandnegativeimpactsonfragilecoastalenvironments.Inadditiontoincreasingnumbersofwhalewatchingvessels,inmanypartsoftheworld,newerboatsarecapableofgoingmuchfasterthaninthepast,withtheincreasinglikelihoodthatwhaleswillbehitbyboats.Thefasteravesselmoves,thelesslikelytheoperatoristoseeadistantwhale,andthelesstimetheyhavetoreactoncetheydospotananimal.(27)Alsoresearchershavefoundthatifwhalesarefeedingorsocializing,theyarelesslikelytoreacttoanoncomingvesselandcanbehit.

Inresponsetothisproblem,whalewatchinggroups,governmentagenciesandprivateadvocacygroupshaveestablishedcodesofconductforwhalewatching.Undertheserules,approachinganareaofknownwhaleactivityshouldbedoneslowlyandwithcaution,stoppingtosurveythearea.(28)Inaddition,approachparalleltothewhalesandtravelatthesamespeedastheslowestanimals.Stayatleast100metersawayanddon'tleapfrogintothepathofthewhales.Preferably,thereshouldonlybetwovesselsatatimeviewingagroupofwhales.

(27)

A.Byresearchwithcommercialwhalewatchingtour.

B.Byresearchwithnavymarine.

C.Byresearchwithwhalinghunting.

D.Byresearchwithlocalfishermen.

36.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽(tīng)力原文：M:Sorry,Ican'tgojoggingwithyoutoday.Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithmyknee.

W:You'dbettergetitcheckedoutrightaway;itmightdevelopintosomethingserious.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

(12)

A.Runlaterthatday.

B.Consultadoctor.

C.Letherexaminehisknee.

D.Givehiskneearest.

37.(28)

A.Foodservedincanteensisexpensive.

B.Thenumberofdishesservedincanteensislarge

C.Employeesincanteensgetdishesfromthecounterbythemselves.

D.Therearenowaitersorwaitressesin'allcafes.

38.聽(tīng)力原文：W:IthoughtTomsaidhegotAsinallhistests.

M:Mary,youshouldknowbetterthantotakeTom'swordstooseriously.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(15)

A.Thewomansawahorrormovie.

B.Thewomanenjoyedthemovieverymuch.

C.Themanwenttotheshowwiththewoman.

D.Themanaskedthewomantobecarefulatnight.

39.(17)

A.Shedoesn'tfollowtheteacher.

B.Shehasbeengiventoomuchwork.

C.Shehasnointerestatthebeginning.

D.Sheisn'tusedtoEnglishteaching.

40.(26)

A.Hethinksit'smainlyforchildren.

B.Hefeelsitwouldbeworthwhile.

C.Hebelievesitistoocomplicated.

D.Hethinksitmaynotbeveryprofitable.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whatis"safeparking"?

42.Accordingtothepassage,scholarsandstudentsaregreattravelersbecause______.

A.salariesandconditionsarebetterabroad

B.standardsarehigheratforeignuniversities

C.theyareeagerfornewknowledge

D.theirgovernmentsencouragethemtotravel

43.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat______.

A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife

B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation

C.Londonisacityoffox

D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment

44.

Whatisthebenefitofdiscussingpatientcase?

A.Thestudentscanlearnmedicalknowledgemorebycommunicatingcases.

B.Discussinghelpsmedicalstudentsbuildahighethicstandard.

C.Experiencesharingmakesmedstudentsthinkoftheirprofessionandpatientsmore.

D.Experiencecommunicationhelpstoblurthepersonalandprofessionalline.

45.

AdenSpectermostprobablythoughtthat______.

A.somesenatorswouldbecomeundeterminedintheprocessofvoting

B.theeconomicproblemsshouldbesolvedimmediately

C.deficitandnationaldebtshouldn'thavebeenneglected

D.themeasuresintheagreementwouldnotbeaseffectiveasexpected

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Abouttenmenineveryhundredsufferfromcolorblindnessinsomeway;womenareluckieronlyaboutoneintwohundredisaffectedinthismanner.Therearedifferentformsofcolorblindness.Amanmaynotbeabletoseedeepred.Hemaythinkthatred,orangeandyellowareallshadesofgreen.Sometimesapersoncannottellthedifferencebetweenblueandgreen.Inrarecasesanunluckymanmayseeeverythinginshadesofgreen--astrangeworldindeed.

Incertainoccupationscolorblindnesscanbedangerousandcandidatesaretestedmostcarefully.Forexample,whenfightingatnight,soldiersuselightsofflarestosignaltoeachother.Agreenlightmaymean"Advance"andaredlightmaymean"Danger!Keepback!"Youcanseewhatwillhappenifsomebodythinksthatredisgreen!Colorblindnessinhumanbeingsisastrangethingtoexplain.Inasingleeyetherearemillionsofverysmallthingscalled"cones".Thesehelptoseeinabrightlightandtotellthedifferencebetweencolors.Therearealsomillionsof"rods"buttheseareusedforseeingwhenitisnearlydark.Theyshowusshapebutnotcolor.Waituntilitisdarktonight,andthengooutside.Lookroundyouandtrytoseewhatcolorsyoucanrecognize.

Birdsandanimalswhichhuntatnighthaveeyeswhichcontainfewornoconesatall,sotheycannotseecolors.Asfarasweknow,batsandadultowlscannotseccolorsatallonlylightanddarkshapes.Similarlycatsanddogscannotseecolorsaswellaswecan.

Insectscanseeultra-violetrayswhichareinvisibletous,andsomeofthemcanevenseeX-rays.Thewingsofamothmayseemgrayanddulltous,buttoinsectstheymayappearbeautiful,showingcolorswhichwecannotsee.Scientistsknowthatthereareothercolorsarounduswhichinsectscanseebutwhichwecannotsee.Someinsectshavefavoritecolors.Mosquitoeslikeblue,butdonotlikeyellow.Aredlightwillnotattractinsectsbutabluelampwill.

Accordingtothepassage,colorblindnesscanbedangerousincertainoccupationslike______.

47.

Whatisoneofthereasonsforthedisastersinagapyear?

A.Poorplanning.

B.Irresponsibilityofthegapcompanies.

C.Gapcompanies'blurbs.

D.Theproblemsofinsurance.

48.

【C10】

49.

Itcanbeinferredthatwhenachildseehisfatherfeelfearatasnake,heprobably______.

A.regardshisfather'sreactionasfunny

B.feelsscaredbyhisfather'sunusualbehavior

C.learnthefearfromhisfather'sresponse

D.turnstohismotherforparentalprotection

50.Somemediasourcesutilizecatchybutmisleadingheadlinesinorderto______.

A.fosterinterestinthemaintextofthearticle

B.boostsalesbystirringinterestinsteadofbycompetition

C.outdotheircompetitionincreatingthemostprovocativestories

D.submittothedemandsofthepublic,whowantsuchsensationaltitles

51.

Whatisimportantintheunstabletimeifacompanywantstochangestrategies?

A.Issuecompany'sfinancialreportsfaster.

B.Obtaintheup-to-dateinformationofcompany'sbusiness.

C.Predictwhatisgoingtohappeninthefuture.

D.Waituntiltheeconomicfogfinallylifts.

52.

Whatdoestheword"aclaim"(Line3,LastParagraph)referto?

A.Peoplearesatisfiedwithwhattheyhavenow.

B.Economicgrowthhasbroughtenoughforus.

C.Peoplearewillingtoreduceinequality.

D.Richrewardswillstimulateinnovation.

53.

Carverbattledallhislifeagainstthedisposalofwastematerials,andproposedthatsubstitutebedevelopedto______.

54.

Accordingtothepassage,theword"crosscut"(Line7,Para.2)mostprobablymeans_____.

A.scissoringB.editingC.reviseD.shortcut

55.Accordingtotheauthor,thefortunesofHerakleionandEasternCanopusdeclinedin______.

56.Whatfoundbelowthewaterscouldshowthatthecitieswereoncethedestinationsforreligiouspilgrims?

57.Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

58.Theworldisundergoingtremendouschanges.Theriseofglobalization,botheconomicandculturaltrendthathassweptthroughouttheworld,hasforgednewgroundasweenterthe21stcentury.Butaretheeffectsofglobalizationalwayspositive?Somesayno.

MichaelTenet,headoftheInternationalInstituteforForeignRelationsinAtlanta,isworriedaboutcurrentresentmentthroughouttheworldtowardtheriseofglobalization."Eversincethe1980sandtheeconomicbreakdownoftheAsianTigersinthelate1990s,therehasbeenareevaluationoftheroleofglobalizationasaforceforgood,"hesaid."Incomeinmanycountrieshasdeclinedandthegapbetweenthemostrichandthemostpoorhasbeenworsened.Withoutfurtherinterferencebygovernments,wecouldseeatragedyexpressedinanincreasedlevelofpovertythroughouttheLatinAmericaandAsia."

YetGeorgeFrank,aninfluentialeconomistwhoworksonWallStreet,seesnosuchdanger."Economicliberalization,increasedtransparencyandmarket-basedreformshavepositiveeffectinthelongrun,evenifmarketmechanismscanproduceshorttermdestabilizationproblems,"hesaid."Whatismostimportantisthatbarrierstotradecontinuetofallsothatactivecompetitionforconsumergoodsreducespricesandinturnraisestheaveragelevelofincome."

Othersfeelthatglobalization'sculturalimpactmaybemoreimportantthanitseconomicimplications.JaniceYawee,anativeofAfrica,feelsstronglythatglobalizationisweakeningherlocalcultureandlanguage."Mostoftheworld'sdialectswillbecomeextinctunderglobalization.WearepavingtheworldwithMcDonald'sandEnglishslang.Ittearsmeupinside,"shesaid.

However,ignoringthepoliticaldimensionsofglobalizationshasalreadyhaditscost.NowherewasthismadedearerthanintheEastAsianeconomiccrisisofthelate1990's—particularlyinIndonesia.Inthewakeofthatcrisis,thePresidentSuhatro'sregimewasoverthrown,andtheentirecountryhasbeenthrownintoamess.TheIndonesianeconomyhascontractedalmost50percent,throwingtensofmillionsofpeoplebelowthepovertyline.

Governmentsofdifferentcountrieshavehadmixedresponsestothewaveofglobalization.TheUnitedStatesisgenerallyseenasanactiveproponentofgreaterfreetrade,anditcertainlyhasenormousculturalinfluencebyvirtueofitsnearmonopolyonworldwideentertainment.SothechallengefacedbythenewBushadministrationisnotthechallengeofthe1990's.Butothercountries,mostnotablyinEuropeanddevelopingnations,havesoughttoreducetheimpactthatglobalizationhasontheirdomesticaffairs.

ItcanbeinferredthatMichaelTenet'sattitudetowardglobalizationisprobably______.

A.