Welcome+Unit+Discovering+useful+stuctures同步課件-【核心素養(yǎng)提升+備課精講精研】高中英語同步備課堂（人教版2019）（必修第一冊(cè)）

WelcomeUnitPeriod3DiscoveringusefulstructuresKnowaboutthe4typesofsentencestructures1234簡單句并列句復(fù)合句并列復(fù)合句簡單句什么+怎么樣主語+謂語主語:人、物（抽象、具體）謂語動(dòng)詞：廣義的動(dòng)作（發(fā)生了什么事情）

主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語幾種類型的動(dòng)作獨(dú)立完成的動(dòng)作Hesleeps(不及物動(dòng)詞)有一個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者

Amylikesyou主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的承受者主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語有一個(gè)動(dòng)作承受者，但須補(bǔ)充說明承受者信息Amythinksyousmart.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)非動(dòng)作（說明主語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)）Heistall(=)Heisintheclassroom.HelookstallThefoodsmellsnice系動(dòng)詞主語+不及物動(dòng)詞AmyteachesyouEnglish主語+不及物動(dòng)詞主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語主+謂主+謂+賓主+謂+直賓+間賓主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)主+系+表1.無需承受者(賓語):

主語+不及物動(dòng)詞2.一個(gè)賓語,無補(bǔ)充信息:

主語+單及物動(dòng)詞+賓語3.兩個(gè)賓語:

主語+雙及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語4.一個(gè)賓語+補(bǔ)充信息:

主語+復(fù)雜及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+(賓語)補(bǔ)語5.賦予信息:

主語+系動(dòng)詞+主語補(bǔ)語/表語S表示“主語（subject）”V表示“謂語（verb）”O(jiān)表示“賓語（object）”IO表示“間接賓語（indirectobject）”DO表示“直接賓語（directobject）”C表示“補(bǔ)語（complement）”P表示“表語（predicative）”定語Thelittlerabbitatealargecarrot狀語Therabbitatequickly.同位語修飾主語或賓語修飾謂語動(dòng)詞主語或賓語再說一遍Amy,ourEnglishteacher,isverykindMembersofasentence:S

V

OP

A

DOIO

C（主語subject）（謂語動(dòng)詞verb）（賓語object）（表語predicative）（狀語adverbial）directobject（直接賓語）indirectobject（間接賓語）（賓語補(bǔ)足語complement）它們是什么？分別由什么成分充當(dāng)？Discussionattributive定語1.Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.2.Shewentoutinahurry.3.Fourplusfouriseight.4.Tosee

istobelieve.5.Smokingisbadforhealth.6.Theyoung

shouldrespecttheold.7.Whathehassaid

istrue.動(dòng)名詞(subject)主語:句子說明的人或事物

名詞代詞數(shù)詞不定式名詞化的形容詞句子1.Showyourpassport,please.2.Shedidn'tsayanything

3.—Howmanydoyouwant?—Iwanttwo.4.Theysenttheinjured

tohospital.5.Theyasked

tosee

mypassport.6.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.7.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?名詞代詞數(shù)詞不定式動(dòng)名詞名詞化的形容詞句子(object)賓語:動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者——及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語Pleaseshowme

yourpassport.

2.

MothermadeMary

anewcoat.

Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence直接賓語(DO)和間接賓語(IO)的區(qū)別直接賓語表示動(dòng)作的承受者，一般是物。間接賓語表示動(dòng)作是對(duì)誰或?yàn)檎l做的，一般是人。

間接賓語直接賓語間接賓語直接賓語溫馨提示直接賓語和間接賓語不能按賓語離動(dòng)詞的遠(yuǎn)近來判別。

可接雙賓語的38個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞(1)雙賓語易位時(shí)需借助介詞to的常用動(dòng)詞awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.頒獎(jiǎng)給某人bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物帶給某人handsb.sth.=handsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某人mailsb.sth.=mailsth.tosb.把某物寄給某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.將某物給某人owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人

booksb.sth.=booksth.forsb.為某人預(yù)定某物buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.為某人買某物choosesb.sth.=choosesth.forsb.為某人選某物cooksb.sth.=cooksth.forsb.為某人煮某物fetchsb.sth.=fetchsth.forsb.為某人去取某物findsb.sth.=findsth.forsb.為某人找到某物fixsb.sth.=fixsth.forsb.為某人準(zhǔn)備某物getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.為某人拿來某物1.Iam

fine.2.Heisa

boy.3.Fiveplustwois

seven.4.Weare

here.5.Heisnot

at

home.6.Myhobbyis

reading.7.Ourdutyis

tomake

ourenvironmentbetter.形容詞名詞數(shù)詞介詞短語動(dòng)名詞副詞不定式(predicative)表語:說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)1Thewarmadehimahero.

C

2Thefirelefthimhomeless.

C

賓語補(bǔ)足語(Objectcomplement):用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的情況。名詞形容詞Sheencouragedherstudentstostudyhard.Hesawabirdflyingoverhishead.Ifindmybooksonhisdesk.不定式現(xiàn)在分詞介詞短語這類常用的及物動(dòng)詞有：make,let，consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have.溫馨提示：賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間存在內(nèi)在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。1.Ifoundthebookinteresting.2.Doyousmellsomethingburning?3.Hemadehimselfknowntothem.4.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.形容詞不定式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(objectcomplement)賓語補(bǔ)足語：說明賓語的身份和狀態(tài)以補(bǔ)充其意義不足，使句子的意義完整。這類常用的及物動(dòng)詞有：make,let，consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have.溫馨提示：賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間存在內(nèi)在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。ＳＶ間賓直賓1.She2.She3.He4.He5.I6.I7.I8.Hepassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.1.Iwillbebackinawhile.2.Theyareplayingontheplayground.3.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.4.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.5.Iwaitedtoseeyou.時(shí)間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語目的狀語結(jié)果狀語(adverbial)狀語：給謂語動(dòng)詞附加地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。6.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.7.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.8.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.方式狀語條件狀語讓步狀語(verb)謂語動(dòng)詞:說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征簡單謂語:由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成復(fù)合謂語：由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞;Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.Hecanspeak

Englishwell.Shedoesn’tseem

tolikedancing.see是及物動(dòng)詞look是不及物動(dòng)詞lookafter是動(dòng)詞短語謂語是canspeak謂語是doesn’tseem句子成分意義充當(dāng)成分例句主語表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名，代，數(shù)，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，短語或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或怎么樣動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組Sheisdancingunderthetree.賓語表示動(dòng)作的承受者

同主語BothofuslikeEnglish.表語與聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞連用，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特點(diǎn)

同主語Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.句子成分意義充當(dāng)成分例句定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形，代，數(shù)，名,副，介詞短語或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.狀語修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，目的，方式，結(jié)果等副詞，介詞短語或句子Heworksveryhard.TheyheldapartyinHollywood.賓語補(bǔ)足語邏輯上與賓語是主謂關(guān)系形容詞，名詞，介詞短語等Shealwayskeepsthehouseclean.SentencestructureSentenceS+VAllofus

laughed!S+V+OI

miss

mygrandma.S+PTheteacher

was

kindandfriendly.SV+

IO+DOHe

told

us

afunnystory.S+V+OCI

found

mostofmyclassmates

friendlyandhelpful.S+V+AHe

talked

toomuch.S+V+OAI

had

myfirstmathsclass

atseniorhighschool.Therebe…There'salottoexploreatseniorhigh.FindthedifferencesFindthedifferencesS+P&S+VMyhobbyisswimming2.Myfavoritething

isplayingfootball3.Theboyisreadingabook. 4.Sheissleeping..PPVOV劃出并寫出下列句子的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

1.We

don’tallow

anyone

tosmokehere2.You

shouldregister

beforeFriday.3.I

found

her

anoutgoingandkindgirl.

4.Herwords

gave

me

moreconfidence.5.Mymother

told

us

aninterestingstorylastnight.6.Thegirl

wasreading

astoryinalowvoice.7.NowI

know

thattheproperwayisalwaysherway.8.Whatweneed

is

money.9.Thetrafficlight

isflashing.10.It

willrain

tomorrow.svocsvAsvocsvIoDosvIoDosvosvospsvsvAExercise1Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures1.The100-year-oldschool

lies

inthecentreofthecity.

2.We

mustact.3.Themathshomework

looks

easy.4.Theteacher

found