2023年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點(diǎn)真題薈萃帶答案篇

長風(fēng)破浪會(huì)有時(shí)，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海。住在富人區(qū)的她2023年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試歷年高頻考點(diǎn)真題薈萃帶答案第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題MorethantwohundredyearsagotheUnitedStates（）fromtheBritishEmpireandbecameallindependentcountry.問題1選項(xiàng)A.gotoffB.pulleddownC.brokeawayD.dropoff2.寫作題Haveyoueverattemptedtoquestionacademicauthorityinyourlearningandresearchprocess?Whatdoyouthinkaretheappropriateattitudestowardsacademicauthority?Writeanessayofnolessthan150wordstoexplainyouropinionsonthisissue.3.單選題Duringthenineteenyearsofhiscareer,FranceBattiatehaswonthe（）ofawideaudienceoutsideItaly.問題1選項(xiàng)A.enjoymentB.appreciationC.evaluationD.reputation4.單選題Thedifferencesbetweenthemaleandfemaleofthisspeciesbecomemore（）withage.問題1選項(xiàng)A.divisibleB.pronouncedC.dictatedD.assured5.翻譯題Thedimensionsoftourismareastonishing.In2012，theU.N.tourismorganizationcelebratedreaching1billioninternationaltripsinasingleyear.Ingrosseconomicpoweritisinthesamecompanyasoil,energy,financeandagriculture.Atleastoneoutofeverytenpeoplearoundtheworldisemployedbytheindustry,accordingtoWolfgangWeinzoftheInternationalLabourOrganization.Travelhasalsobecomeadefaultfund-raisingtechnique.（1）Todaypoornationsseetourismastheirbestbetoutofpoverty，secondonlytooilandenergyasthemajorengineofdevelopment.Thailandistheworld’sbiggestexporterofrice,yetitstourismisitsnum-ber-onemoneyearner.CostaRicahasturneditswildernessintoavenueforhighlyprofita-bleecotcurism.AssoonasSriLanka,andnowBurma，beganseeinganendtoconflict,theyopenedthedoortoarushoftourists.AftertheArabSpringuprising,Egyptsentoutapleatocruisecompaniesandtouroperatorstoreturnandkick-starttheeconomy（2）TheU.N.tourismorganizationnowplacespovertyreductionasoneofitstopob-jectives，alongwiththehigh-mindedidealsofimprovinginternationalpeaceandprosperi-ty.SincetheendoftheColdWarandtheopeningoftheworldfortravel，tourismhasbe-comeanimportantsourceofforeignexchangefortheworld’spoorestnations,oftentheonlyone.Whiletourismrequiressomeinfrastructure,fromairfieldstomodernhigh-ways.Itislessexpensivethanbuildingfactories.Intheory,poorcountriesshouldbeabletousethenewrevenuefromthetourismindustrytopayfortheinfrastructurewhileraisingstandardsoflivingandimprovingtheenvironment.Onehundredoftheworld’spoorestna-tionsdoearnupto5percentoftheirgrossnationalproductfromforeigntouristswhomar-velattheirexoticcustoms，buysuitcasesofsouvenirsandtakeinnumerablephotographsofstunninglandscapes.（3）Butjustastourismiscapableofliftinganationoutofpoverty，itisjustaslikelytopollutetheenvironment，reducestandardsoflivingforthepoorbecausetheprofitsgotointernationalhotelchainsandcorruptlocalelites，andcatertotheworstoftourism,in-cludingcondemningchildrentheexploitationofsextourism.Likeanymajorindustry,tourismhasaseriousdownside,especiallysincetourismandtravelisunderestimatedasaglobalpowerhouse，itsstudyandregulationisspottyatbest.（4）Tourism

isoneofthosedouble-edgedswordsthatmaylooklikeaneasywaytoearndesperatelyneededmoneybutcanravagewildernessareasandunderminenativeculturestofitintopackagetours:afifteen-minutesnippetofaballetperformedinSouthernIndia；nativehandicraftsrefashionedtofitoversizetour-ists.Whatisknownisthattourismandtravelisresponsiblefor5.3percentoftheworld’scarbonemissionsandthedegradationofnearlyeverytropicalbeachintheworld.Tomakewayformoreresortswithspectacularviews，developersdestroynativehabi-tatsandignorelocalconcerns.（5）Preservationistsdecrythegrowingpropensitytobulldozeoldhotelsandbuildingsinfavorofconstructingnewresorts，waterholesandentertain-mentspotsthatlookidenticalwhetherinSingapore，DubaiorJohannesburg，aworldwherediversityisreplacedwithhomogeneity.Anothercatastropheforcountriesbettingontourismhascomefromwealthyvacationerswhofallinlovewithacountryandbuysomanysecondhousesthatlocalscannolongeraffordtoliveintheirowntownsandvillages.6.單選題Ashasalwaysbeenthecasewhentragedyhasstruckourcommunity,thepeopleofourtownfeeltheobligation,andrightlyso,to（）insupportofthevictimandhisfamily.問題1選項(xiàng)A.entrenchB.rallyC.disseminateD.apologize7.單選題Eachworkday,theworkersfollowedthesameschedulesandrarely（）fromthisroutine.問題1選項(xiàng)A.deviatedB.disconnectedC.detachedD.distorted8.單選題Thelanguagebarriermadecommunicationdifficult,butfinally，partofmymes-sage（）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.passedawayB.wentoverC.cameupD.gotthrough9.單選題ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe（）fromfalltowinter.問題1選項(xiàng)A.transitionB.transmissionC.transformationD.transfer10.單選題Bethworkedhardto（）inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.問題1選項(xiàng)A.encounterB.blendC.mergeD.adapt第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】C【解析】短語辨析。句意：200多年以前，美國從大英帝國中出來，成為完全獨(dú)立的國家。getoff下來；pulldown推翻；breakaway脫離；dropoff減少。因此，C項(xiàng)符合句意。2.【答案】ACriticalAttitudeTowardsAcademicAuthority3.【答案】B【解析】名詞辨析。句意：在他19年的職業(yè)生涯中，F(xiàn)ranceBattiate贏得了意大利以外的大量觀眾的。enjoyment享受；appreciation欣賞；evaluation評(píng)價(jià)；reputation名譽(yù)。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。4.【答案】B【解析】形容詞辨析。這一物種雄性和雌性之間的差異隨著年齡的增加變得越發(fā)（）。divisible可分的，可分割的；pronounced顯著的，斷然的，講出來的；dictated口述的；assured確定的，自信的。此題中與“差異”搭配的形容詞，只有選項(xiàng)B“顯著的”符合句意。

5.【答案】（1）現(xiàn)今的貧窮國家將旅游業(yè)視為擺脫貧困的最佳方法，僅次于石油和能源這兩個(gè)重要的發(fā)展引擎。（2）聯(lián)合國旅游組織現(xiàn)在將扶貧和增進(jìn)國際和平與繁榮的高尚理想一起作為其首要目標(biāo)之一。（3）但是，正如旅游業(yè)能幫助一個(gè)國家擺脫貧困，它同樣有可能污染環(huán)境、降低貧困人群的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因是旅游業(yè)的收益都流向了國際連鎖酒店，并使當(dāng)?shù)氐恼茩?quán)人物腐化墮落。（4）旅游業(yè)是眾多雙刃劍之一。旅游業(yè)看起來像是一種賺取急用錢的簡單方法，但它也能破壞野生地區(qū)，弱化本土文化以適應(yīng)旅游團(tuán)體。（5）為了建造新的度假勝地、酒吧和娛樂場所，老酒店和老建筑都被推倒。無論是在新加坡、迪拜或約翰內(nèi)斯堡，這些新建的景區(qū)、建筑看起來都完全一樣。保護(hù)主義者對(duì)這種日益嚴(yán)重的趨勢加以譴責(zé)。6.【答案】B【解析】固定