雅思閱讀預(yù)測真題36文章勘誤答疑

68【原文參考依據(jù)——E段第八行】根據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)信息“psychologyprofessor”和“sixsecondsE行的“He（psychologyprofessor）foundthebasicyawnlastsaboutsixsecondsandtheycomeinboutswithanintervalofabout68seconds.”所以答案是68seconds。（complex）“gender”定位到E段第10行的“Menandwomenyawnorhalf-yawnequallyoften……whichmayindicatecomplexdistinctioningenders”，所【原文參考依據(jù)——Etheareaalsocontrolsbreathing”，control=havesomethingtodowith?！驹膮⒖家罁?jù)——Flink”和“beforebabywasborn”定位到F段最后2行“observednotjustyawningbutalinkbetweenyawningandstretchingasearlyastheendofthefirstprenataltri“asearlyastheendofthefirstprenataltrimester”與“beforebabywasborn”是同義表達(dá)，所以答案stretching【原文參考依據(jù)——GoccursinmanypeoplebecauseofbraindamagecausedbyastrokeE【原文參考依據(jù)——E段第六至八行】E至八行的這句話"Hefoundthebasicyawnlastsaboutsixsecondsandtheycomeinboutswithanintervalofabout68seconds”，打哈欠持續(xù)約6秒，兩次之間間隔約68秒，說的就是打哈欠頻率的一個regularpatternEB【原文參考依據(jù)——B段第一至二行】B段首句“Yawningisanancient,primitiveact”與題目中“aninherentability”是同義表達(dá)，后又舉了human,snakes,penguins打哈欠的例子，說明“appearsinbothanimalsandhumansBF【原文參考依據(jù)——F"Buttheydonotalwaysco-occur”，co-occur生，所以答案選F。D【原文參考依據(jù)——Dsalsoagoodindicatorifreempathizingwithmeandpayingagoodindicatorpositivenoticeorresponse，empathizingwithmeandpayingattention對應(yīng)communicating，所以答案選D。H【原文參考依據(jù)——H"Themultiplicityofstimuliofcontagiousyawingbycontrast,implicatesmanyhigherbrainregions”.Contagious=infectious，higherbrainregions對應(yīng)superiorareasinbrainsNOTD“severalstudentsintek’sexperiment”，但并沒有提“didnotcomprehendwhytheirtutoraskthemtoyawnback”的內(nèi)容，所以答案是NOTGIVEN?！驹膮⒖家罁?jù)——C"Hefoundthatparticipantswhodidnotscorehighoncompassiondidnotyawnback”說明“thereisalinkbetweenyawningandcompassion”，所以答案是YES?！驹膮⒖家罁?jù)——G"itisnotknownwhetherNO36102利用題目細(xì)節(jié)信息，定位于F段“Beginninginthe1840srefrigeratedcarswereusedtotransportmilkandbutter.”因此，正確答案為C。CIn1799icewasfirstshippedcommerciallyoutofCStreetinNewYorkCitytoCharleston,SouthCarolina.”因此，正確答案為A。GFreonwassaferforthosenearbybutwaslaterdiscoveredin1973byProf.”因此，正確答案為E。利用題目細(xì)節(jié)信息，定位于A段“MarylandfarmerThomasMoore,firstintroducedthetermRefrigeratorin1803,theapplianceweknowtodayfirstappearedinthe20thcentury.”因此，正確答案為DFTherefrigeratedrailroadcarwaspatentedbyJ.B.SutherlandofDetroit,Michiganin1867”因此，正確答案為C。FThereweredifferentcardesignsbaseduponthetypeofcargo,whethermeatorfruit.Thefirstrefrigeratedcartocarryfreshfruitwasbuiltin1867byParkerEarleofIllinois,whoshippedstrawberriesontheIllinoisCentralRailroad”因此，正確答案為F。F“Itwasnuntil1949thatarefrigerationsystemmadeitswayintothetruckingindustrybywayofaroof-mountedcoolingdevice,patentedbyFredJones.”，因此，正確答案為E。ABDEGTherewerenumerousfatalaccidentsthatoccurredinthe1920swhenmethylAmericancompaniesbeganresearchinglessdangerousmethods...incompressorA361031-8 原文B1-4行，、、、JimBowlerin1969,hewassearchingforancientlakesandcameacrossthecharredremainsofMungoLady、、、 原文D段，ButevenassumingtheDNAsequenceswerecorrect,ProfessorStringersaiditcouldbejustmeanthattherewasmuchmoregeneticdiversityinthepastthanwaspreviouslyrealized. 原文BJimBowler的發(fā)現(xiàn)，C段首句就接下去提到這個ismuchyoungerthanthe62,000yearsMungoManwasattributedwithin1999 原文F段，Now,howeverThornesaystheageofMungoManisirrelevanttothisoriginsdebate. 原文DIn1997Pddbo’sresearchgrouprecoveredamtDNAfingerprintsthefirstNeanderthalremainsever 原文G段，DrTimFlannery,aproponentofthecontroversialtheorythatAustralia’smegafaunawaswipedout46,000yearsagoina“blitzkrieg”ofhuntingbythearrivingpeople. 原文C段，DrAlanThornesupportsthemulti-regionalexnation(thatmodernhumansarosesimultaneouslyinAfrica,Europe、、、、、、、、、、 原文H段，Bowler，however，isskepticalofFlannery’stheory、、、、Hearguesthatclimatechangeat yearsagowasmoreintense、、、、yedaroleinthemegafauna’s A段，TheLakeMungoremainsarethreeprominentsetsoffossilswhichlthearcheologiststhestory10,原文A段，Suchwearandtearistypicalofpeoplewhohaveusedawoomeratothrowspearsovermany 器，但是沒有說在LakeMungoremains有發(fā)現(xiàn)這種原文A段，最后一句Mungomanistheoldestknownexampleintheworldofsucharitual.12,原文B段，in1969，cameacrossthecharredremainsofMungoLady、、、、in1974,hefoundasecond MungoMan13,原文C段，BecauseThornisthecountry’sleadingopponentoftheOutofAfricatheory-thatHomosapienshasa singlece 原文D段，ProfessorChrisStringer,saidthattheresearchcommunitywouldwanttoseetheworkrepeatedin otherlabs majorconclusionsweredrawn.沒有提到說outmodedresearchmethod36106環(huán)保塑料27-30AscientistatCargilgottheideaofconvertinglacticacidfromcornintostic。Corn在答案中用nt替代B段第二句，theneededapartnerwithaccesstothesticsmarkets.29,B段第7句，NatureWorkTMisafamilyofpackagingpolymers,答案中wrap替換30，B9，Ingeoisafamilypolymersforfibersmadeinsimilarmanner.31-34（流程D，cornisseparatingstarchfromtherawmaterial.32,fermentationEturnstheunrefineddextroseintolacticacidusingafermentationprocess.33,E4throughspecialcondensationprocess,alactideis34,E段第5句，ispurifiedthroughvacuumdistillationand esapolymer.35,Hprovideabetterflavorandaroma36,H段第3，groceryretailersareincreasingusingthispackagingfortheirfreshfood.37-38,A,theirisparticularlyappealingasthisreducestheamountoffadinginsuchfabrics,可見在陽光下會totakemoistureawayfromtheskin.39-40BD（書籍印刷錯誤I段Thesourcematerialforisanaturalsugarfoundinntssuchascornandusingsuchrenewablefeedstock,推斷出A選項madeofmadefrom倒數(shù)第6句，carbondioxideintheatmosphereisremovedwhenthefeedstockisgrownD。3611314-19G【原文參考依據(jù)——GFromthesestudies,wecanbroadlycategorisefishintofourgroups……H【原文參考依據(jù)——Handanglershaverecordedspeedsinexcessof40mphoverlongerperiodsforseveralspeciesoftuna.E【原文參考依據(jù)——ETheirmainfunctionistocontrolthestabilityanddirectionofthefish……C【原文參考依據(jù)——CThefrequencyofthewavesvariesfromabout50/mininthedogfishto170/mininthemackerel.B【原文參考依據(jù)——BBD【原文參考依據(jù)——D5Theredmusclereceivesagoodsupplyofbloodandcontainsamplertiesoffatandglycogen,thestorageformofglucose……20-23forward【原文參考依據(jù)——F"tailfin"FThetailfin,initsfinallash,maycontributeasmuchas40percentoftheforwardthrust.rollingandThemedianfins,thatis,thedorsal,andventralfins,controltherollingandyawingmovementsofthefish……PectoralandFThepairedfins,pectoralandpelvic,actashydronesandcontrolthepitchofthefish,causingittoswimdownwardsorupwardsaccordingto……slowsand【原文參考依據(jù)——FThepairedfinsarealsothemeansbywhichthefishslowsdownandstops。因字?jǐn)?shù)限制，去掉修飾的down，pairedfins24-26white【原文參考依據(jù)——D"Twotypesofmusclesareinvolvedinfishswimming"定位到D段，與D段第一句是同義表達(dá)。Thebulkofafish'sbodyiscomposedoftheso-calledwhitemuscleThebulkofthemajorityof,bulkbecomposedof=comprises。fatsand【原文參考依據(jù)——DTheredmusclereceivesagoodsupplyofbloodandcontainsamplertiesoffatandglycogen,thestorageformofglucose,……saved=storage?！驹膮⒖家罁?jù)——DHowever,thishugeauxiliarypowerpackcarriedbyafishisofcrucialsignificanceifthelifeofthefishisbyapredatorforinstancebecauseitenablesthefishtoswimrapidlyawayfromdanger.根據(jù)"whitemuscle"定escapefrom=swimawayfrom 艾費.【原文參考依據(jù)-AThefoundationsfortheprizewerelaidin1895whenAlfredNobelwrotehislastwill,leavingmuchofhiswealththeestablishmentoftheNobelNOT【原文參考依據(jù)-BTherehissonsweregivenafirstclasseducationbyprivateteachers.Thetrainingincludednaturalsciences,languagesandliture.Bytheageof17AlfredNobelwasfluentinSwedish,Russian,French,EnglishandGerman.HisprimaryinterestswereinEnglishlitureandpoetryaswellasinchemistryandphysics.Alfred'sfather,whowantedhissonstojoinhisenterpriseasengineers,dislikedAlfred'sinterestinpoetryandfoundhissonratherintroverte【原文參考依據(jù)-EThemarketfordynamiteanddetonatingcapsgrewveryrapidlyandAlfredNoblealsoprovedhimselftobeaveryskillfulentrepreneurandbusinessman.【原文參考依據(jù)-FSeveralyearsafterthedeathofAlfredNobel,theNorwegianStorting(Parliament)decidedtoawardthe1905NobelPeacePrizetoBerthavonSuttner.【原文參考依據(jù)-GAlfredNobelwasborninStockholmonOctober21,....TheysetaboutformingtheNobelFoundationasanorganizationtotakecareofthefinancialassetsleftbyNobelforthispurposeandtocoordinatetheworkofthePrize-AwardingInstitutions.死于1896年，遺囑執(zhí)行人按照他的意愿設(shè)立了foundation【原文參考依據(jù)-GNobelwasveryinterestedinsocialandpeace-relatedissuesandheldwhatwereconsideredradicalviewsinhiserchemical【原文參考依據(jù)-CInordertowidenAlfred'shorizonshisfathersenthimoadforfuthertraininginchemicalAscanio【原文參考依據(jù)-C3InParis,thecityhecametolikebest,heworkedintheprivatelaboratoryofProfessorT.J.Pelouze,afamouschemist.TherehemettheyoungItalianchemistAscanioSobrero,who,threeyearsearlier,hadinventednitroglycerine,ahighlyexposiveliquid.【原文參考依據(jù)-C7-9Althoughitsexplosivepowergreatllyexceededthatofgunpowder,theliquidwouldexplodeinaveryunpredictablemannerifsubjectedtoheatandpressure.【原文參考依據(jù)-D5-7TheyforbadefurtherexperimentationwithnitroglycerinewithintheStockholmcitylimitsandAlfredNobelhadtomovehisexperimentationtoabargeanchoredonLake【原文參考依據(jù)-D7-9In1867,hepatentedthismaterialunderthenameofdynamite.Tobeabletodetonatethedynamiterods,healsoinventedadetonator(blastingcap)whichcouldbeignitedbylightingafuse.patic【原文參考依據(jù)-DTheseinventionsweremadeatthesametimeasthepneumaticdrillcameintogeneraluse.【原文參考依據(jù)-DTogethertheseinventionsdrasticallyreducedthecostofblastingrock,drillingtunnels,buildingcsandmanyotherformsofconstructionwork.36301.AThephrase,whichRobinsontakesforhistitle,alsoservesasthesubtitleoftwootherrecentbiographies: AThomasYoung(1773-1829)contributed63articlestotheEncyclopediaBritannica,including46biographicalentriesandsubstantialessayson''Bridge,''''Chromatics,''''Egypt,''''Languages''and''Tides''.【原文參考依據(jù)-BYoung,ofcourse,didmorethanwriteencyclopediaentries.HepresentedhisfirstpapertotheRoyalSocietyofLondonattheageof20andwasselectedaFellowaweekafterhis21stbirthday.CThesearethelandmarkachievementsofamanwhoachildprodigyandwho,unlikemanyremarkablechildrendidnotdisappearintooblivion（遺忘）asanadult。跟很多天才兒童不一樣的是，Young成人后也并未遺忘，而NOTEYoung'sskillasaphysicianhowever,didnotequalhisskillasascholarofnaturalphilosophyorlinguistics.題干中是otherskills,而原文中只比較了skillasascholarofnaturalphilosophyorlinguisticsE8-9Hisopinionsweresoughtonandnationalmatters(nationalissuesuchastheintroductionofgaslightingtoLondonandmethodsofshipconstruction.Young的想法有被采納。F2-3Youngwasintroducedintoelitesociety,attendedthetheatreandlearnedtodanceandytheflute.Inaddition,hewasan plishedhorseman.YoungNOT文中并未提及晚年YoungAThomasYoung(1773-1829)contributed63articlestotheEncyclopediaBritannica,including46biographicalentrihumaneye/human B3Young,ofcourse,didmorethanwriteencyclopediaentries.HepresentedhisfirstpapertotheRoyalSocietyofLondonattheageof20andwaselectedaFellowaweekafterhis21stbirthday.Inthepaper,Youngexinedtheprocessof modationinthehumaneye--C2Inanotherentry,he（造）thetermIndo-EuropeantodescribethefamilyoflanguagesspokenthroughoutmostofEuropeandnorthernRichardD5-9Afterleavingschool,hewasgreatlyencouragedbyhismother'suncle,RichardBrocklesby,aphysicianandFellowoftheRoyalSociety.FollowingBrocklesby'slead,Youngdecidedtopursueacareerinmedicine.RoyalEEarlier,in1801,hehadbeenappointedtoaprofessorshipofnaturalphilosophyattheRoyalInstitution,wherehedeliveredasmanyas60lecturesinayear.RoyalSocietyprofessorofnaturalphilosophy說的RoyalSociety獲得的是secretary這個職位。gasE8-9Hisopinionsweresoughtoncivicandnationalmatters,uchastheintroductionofgaslightingtoLondonandmethodsofshipconstruction.3630214-19ACCD【原文參考依據(jù)--DUnfortunay,coralreefsaredyingaroundtheworld.Inparticular,coralmining,agriculturalandurbanrunoff,pollution(organicandinorganic),disease,andthediggingfcsandaccessintoislandsandbaysarelocalizedthreatstocoralecosystems.E【原文參考依據(jù)--EWheneverpeoplegrab,kick,andwalkon,orstirupsedimentinthereefs,theycontributetocoralreefdestructioD【原文參考依據(jù)--DSomecurrentfishingpracticesaredestructiveandunsust20-25【原文參考依據(jù)--ATheyprovideahomefor25%ofallmarinespecies,includingfish,mollusks,worms,crustaceans,echinoderms,sponges,tunicatesandothercnidarians.21.True【原文參考依據(jù)--ATheIndo-Pacificregionaccountsfor91.9%ofthistotalea.91.9%分布集中在-太平洋區(qū)域。符合地理上的NotNot【原文參考依據(jù)--CFurther,reeftourismisimportantsourceofemployment,especiallyforsomeoftheworld’spoorestpeople.Not26C及其目前不容樂觀的處境，CA、B、D

工28-35Summary28.【原文參考依據(jù)--CChangesin mutingtravelonweekends:home-basesworkers,whichincludesasubstantialpopulationofpeoplewhoarenot muters,spendmoretimeshopoutofthehomethantraditionalworkers.29.【原文參考依據(jù)--D mutingcouldreducecarbonemissionsbyover51millionmetrictonsaayear--theequivalentoftalkingallofNewYork'scommutersofftheroad.30.C31.【原文參考依據(jù)--DAdditionalcarbonfootprintsavingswillcomeformreduced:officeenergy,roadwayrepairs,urbanheating,officeconstruction,businesstravel,paperusage(aselectronicdocumentsrecepaper).32.【原文參考依據(jù)--DThethreemajorareaswhereenergycanbeconservedare:Vehicle-ralatedmaterialsandresources；Highway-relatedmaterialsandresources;andwork-relatedmaterialsandresources.33.K【原文參考依據(jù)--EAtremendousamountofenergyisrequiredtoproducetransportationequipmentsuchasautos,buses,trainsandjetaircraft.34.【原文參考依據(jù)--EFuelresourcesandgasesneededtooperatethisequipmentwillbereduced......35.【原文參考依據(jù)--EFuelresourcesandgasesneededtooperatethisequipmentwillbereduced,aswellthebuildingandrepairofhighwaysandmaintenancerequiresalargeconsumptionofenergy,notonlyintheoperationofthehighwayconstructionandrepairequipment,butalsointhemanufactureandtransportationoftherequiredmaterials.36-3936.【原文參考依據(jù)--GMoretimeworkingisusuallyassociatedwithincreasedstress,domestictensionandotherfactorsthatreducequalityoflife.37.【原文參考依據(jù)--FThelossofteamwork........suchasOracle's'Functional'offices.Designedtoincreasecommunicationandinctionwhenpeopleareattheoffice,theyarebright,anddaroundacentralcafetostimulateideasandface-to-e38.【原文參考依據(jù)--HWhenyouworkinanofficeoracubicleandsomethinggoeswrongwithanyhardwareyouhavetheoptionofngintheITman.Infact,alloftheequipmentthatyouuseattheofficeissupportedbytechnicalstaff.39.【原文參考依據(jù)--HWhenyouworkfromhome,you'llsurelyencountertechnicalproblemsandwhenyoudo,wheredoyougetthesupportandhelpyouneed?Ifyourcomputerharddrivecrashedtoday,wouldyouhavethefundstoreceit?4040.憂(D)在本文并未顯著描寫，故答案選擇C。 1-5guidingprinciplesand【原文參考依據(jù)--AThenoviceneedstolearntheguidingprinciplesandrulesofagiventaskinordertoperformthattask.【原文參考依據(jù)--AGenerally,anovicewillfindamentortoguideherthroughtheprocess.【原文參考依據(jù)--BIntime,andwithmuchpractice,thenovicebegintorecognizepatternsofbehaviorwithincasesand,thus,esapatternsof【原文參考依據(jù)--BIntime,andwithmuchpractice,thenovicebegintorecognizepatternsofbehaviorwithincasesand,thus, ajourneyman.Withmorepracticeandexposuretoincreasinglycomplexcases,thejourneymanfindspatternsnotonlywithincasesbutalsobetweencasespatterns與patternsofbehavior相比，意思有所欠缺，在符合語法及字?jǐn)?shù)的前提下，建議填寫更為完整的patternsofbehavior。【原文參考依據(jù)--BWithmorepracticeandexposuretoincreasinglycomplexcases,thejourneymanfindspatternsnotonlywithincasesbutalsobetweencases.6-10【原文參考依據(jù)--FAnovice,forexample,mightgroupobjectstogetherbycolororsize,whereasanexpertwouldgroupthesameobjectsaccordingtotheirfunctionorutility.Expertscomprehendthemeaningofdataandweighvariableswithdifferentcriteriawithintheirsbetterthannovices.文中“whereas“betterthannovices”也明確提出了新手與專家理解方式不Not【原文參考依據(jù)--GGlong-termmemory，【原文參考依據(jù)--GExpertsspendmoretimethinkingaboutaproblemtofullyunderstanditatthebeginningofataskthandonovices,whoimmediayseektofindasolution.此處immediay=straightaway，意為新手總是直接尋找解決方【原文參考依據(jù)--GH“alwaysG“always”有“始終、總是”之意，而G段倒四行說“專家在aware“checkoften題干與原文意思相符，因此本題為True。11-13【原文參考依據(jù)--JSomehavearguedthatexpertslikeallhumans,areinconsistentwhenusingmentalmodelstomakepredictions.題干的cognitive替換了文中的mental。human【原文參考依據(jù)--JAnumberofresearcherspointtohumanbiasestoexinunreliableexpertpredictions.【原文參考依據(jù)--JDespitesuchefforts,thelitureshowslittleconsensusregardingthecausesormanifestationsofhumanbias.文中“l(fā)ittle”一詞表否定，題干“didnotyet”與原文相符。3640914-18【原文參考依據(jù)--BHowmuchofwhoyouaretodaywasshapedbyyourgeneticinheritance,andhowmuchisaresultofyourlifetimeofexperiences?題干“background”替代文中allof10%10per【原文參考依據(jù)--DItmayalsorefertoallofsiblingsofafamily,buttherateofinfluenceislessthan10percent.17.Non-sharedenvir18.【原文參考依據(jù)--ENon-sharedenvironment,itmayrefertopartofsiblingsofafamily,therateofinfluencetochildrenis40%to19-21【原文參考依據(jù)--FResearchinrecentyearssuggestedthattheimpactfromparentswillbeeasytobeinterruptedbytheinfluencefromthechildrenofthesameage.題干的“peers(同齡人)”替代了原文的“thechildrenofthesameage”?！驹膮⒖家罁?jù)--FThatalsoshowedthatvariationsofknowledgethatchildrengetfromothercultureisincreasing.【原文參考依據(jù)--FAnumberofinterestsbetween,whatever,fathersandmothersorparentsandtheirchildrenareing.22-25Not【原文參考依據(jù)--EHowever,thebestavailableevidencefortheimportanceofenvironmentalinfluencecomesfromthissametativegeneticresearchbecausegeneticinfluenceneverexinsallofthevarianceforcomplexphenotypes,andtheremainingvariancemustbeascribedtoenvironmentalinfluencestwinstudyNot【原文參考依據(jù)--無】原文未出現(xiàn)題干所描述的內(nèi)容。25.【原文參考依據(jù)--GTurkheimerandWaldron(2000)havenotedthatnon-redenvironmentalinfluences-whichincludealloftherandommeasurementerror-maynotbesystematicbutinsteadmayoperateidiosyncraticallyandinwaysthatcannotbeascertained.題干“canbeagenerallyagreedidea”與原文“maynotbesystematic”意思不符。2626.【原文參考依據(jù)--GTurkheimerandWaldron(2000)havenotedthatnon-sharedenvironmentalinfluences-whichincludealloftherandommeasurementerror-maynotbesystematicbutinsteadmayoperateidiosyncraticallyandinwaysthatcannotbeascertained.選項Bnotsufficientlyproved”與原文“maynotbesystematic”意思相符。 B【原文參考依據(jù)-C（MiddleTheirconcernsaboutpeersaremoredirectedtowardtheiroppositeedpeers.B【原文參考依據(jù)-C（Middleadolescence）Delinquencybehavior（行為）mayemergesinceparentalviewsarenolongerseenasabsoluycorrectbyadolescents. middleadolescenceisaperiodduringwhichyoungpeopleareorientedtowardwhatisrightandproper.A【原文參考依據(jù)-BEarlyadolescenceisalsoaperiodofintenseconformitytopeers.（和同伴高度一致的時期）.Theworstpossibility,fromtheviewoftheearlyadolescent,istobeseenbypeersas‘different’.A【原文參考依據(jù)-BDuringtheearlyyearsyoungpeoplemakethefirstattemptstoleavethedependent,secureroleofachildandtoestablishthemselvesasuniqueindividuals,independentoftheirparents.firstattempt與題中beginning對應(yīng)C【原文參考依據(jù)-D2Theirneedsforpeerapprovalarediminishedandtheyarelargelypsychologicallyindependentfromtheirparents.B【原文參考依據(jù)-CMiddleadolescenceismarkedbytheemergenceofnewthinkingskills.Theinlectualworldoftheyoungissuddenlygreatlyexpanded.E【原文參考依據(jù)-E段】（ProfessorRobertHavighurst）Onedevelopmentaltaskanadolescentneedstoachieveistoadjusttoanewphysical(adj.身體的、物理的）senseofself....anindividualundergosuchrapidandprofoundphysicalchangesasduringearly so,theyoungexperiencestheemergence(n.出現(xiàn)）andaccentuationofthosephysicaltraits(n.特征）thatmakehimorheraboyorgirl.Theeffectofthisrapidchangeisthattheyoungadolescentoften esfocusedonhisorherbody.此段整段說的都是與physicalC【原文參考依據(jù)-F(Highschoolcourses)Schoolcurriculaarefrequentlydominatedbyinclusionofmore ,demandingmaterial,regardlessofwhethertheadolescentshaveachievedformalthought.A【原文參考依據(jù)-G(Adolescence)Duringadolescenceasteensdevelopincreasinglycomplexknowledgesystemsandasenseofself,theyalsoadoptanintegratedsetofvaluesandmorals(n.D【原文參考依據(jù)-F(thinkingpatterns)Sincenotalladolescentsmaketheintellectualtransitionatthesamerate,demandsforthinkingpriortoachievementofthatabilitymaybefrustrvaryfrom...to...大概是要理解成“...與...不同”，所以這句并不Fnotalladolescentsmaketheinlectualtransitionatthesamerate.【原文參考依據(jù)-F3Duringadolescenceyoungpeoplebegintorecognizeandunderstand ionsTheadolescentmustadjusttoincreasedcognitive(adj.認(rèn)知的）demandsatschool.duringadolescence，能recognizeand 段】...theymustdevelopnewverbalskillsto emoreomplex(adj.復(fù)雜的）conceptsandtasks.Theirlimitedlanguageofchildhoodisnolongeradequate(adj.足夠Adolescentsmayappearlesscompetentbecauseoftheirinabilitytoexpressthemselvesmeaningfully.theadolescentmustdevelopeexpandedverbalskills.theirlimitedlanguageofchildhoodisnolonger 而12題的deficit是不足的意 所以是【原文參考依據(jù)-I2Yet,tobeanadultimpliesasenseofindependence,ofautonomy,ofbeingone’sown.Adolescentsmayvacillate(動搖，猶豫betweentheirdesirefordependenceandtheirneedtobeindependent. B【原文參考依據(jù)-BTropicalraincomprisetherichestofecosystem,revalledonlybycoralreelforitsdiversityandcomplexinterrelationships.Andagreatdealofthatdiversitylivesupinthecanopy--anestimated70-90percentoflifeintherainexistsinthetrees;oneintenofallvascularntsarecanopydwellers;andabout20-25percentofallinvertebratesarethoughttobeuniquetothecanopy.B了。正好對應(yīng)對canopy研究的生態(tài)意義。C【原文參考依據(jù)-CThefirstBritontoactuallygetintothecanopymayhavebeenSirFrancisDrakewho,in1573,gainedhisfirstglimpseofthePacificOceanfromatalltreeinDarien,Panama.However,thefirstseriousefforttoreachandstudythecanopydidn'tbeginuntil1929.A段】Thecanopy--thetermgiventotheaggregatedcrownsoftreesina--isthoughttohostupto40percentofallspecies,ofwhichtenpercentcouldbeuniquetotheroof."We'redealingwiththerichest,leastknownmostthreatenedhabitatonEarth,""Theproblemwithourunderstandingofsisthat.......andyetwe'redealingwithtreesthat"F【原文參考依據(jù)-F5-"Howeverwe'veallcometorealisethataonofmethods,along-termapproachtoecologicalstudiesandacollaborativeapproacharetheabsolutebestwaystoadvancecanopyscience.E【原文參考依據(jù)-E5-7"Un-tetheredballoonsmayallowwidelydistributedsitestobesampled,butcranesallowscientiststostudyanareaofatleastahectarefromsoiltocanopythroughouttheyear,yearafteryear."Cranesbeatanyotheraccessmode.原文見E段第6行，...yearafteryear,"cranesbeatanyotheraccess"beatanyother"E段最后一句話加引號那個。ultimatesolution對應(yīng)原文coreresearchinthefuture對應(yīng)tillnow【原文參考依據(jù)-C5-6TheOxfordUniversityExpeditiontoBritishGuiana,ledbyMajorRWGHingston,stillendeduprequiringthehelpoflocalswhenitcametobuildinganobservation【原文參考依據(jù)-C9-11Intermsofcanopyaccess,theFrenchhaveprovedthemselvestobeexcellentinnovators,takingthingsfurtherwiththedevelopmentof'lighter-than-airtforms'--balloonsandrelatedequipment,toyouandme.【原文參考依據(jù)-D2Theraftisa'floating'tform,employedbyFrenchacademicsDanyCleyet-MarrelandLaurentPyotandisessentiallyanislandinthetreetops.【原文參考依據(jù)-E2ThenextmajorinnovationcamefromAlanSmith,whoworkedattheSmithsonianTropicalResearchInstituteinPanama.Smithhadtheideaofusingastaticcranetogetintothetreetops.此類填空答案應(yīng)從詞往回數(shù)要求幾個詞就數(shù)幾個詞，冠詞可忽略。比如，此道題詞為crane，要求twowords，crane或staticcrane建議寫staticcrane，要求幾個寫幾個，較。D【原文參考依據(jù)-C12-14FrancisHalle;fromtheLaboratoiredeBotaniqueTropicaleatMontpellierUniversitytooktoaballooninthemid-1980sinordertoapproachthecanopyfromabove.B【原文參考依據(jù)-D6"....notveryeffectivebecauseyoucanonlyreachthetopsofthetrees,andarehighlydependentontheweather,"saysDrWilfriedMorawetz,directorofsystematicbotanyattheUniversityofLeipzig."Balloonscanusuallyonlybeusedintheearlymorningfortwotofourhours.F【原文參考依據(jù)-E5-6ThenextmajorinnovationcamefromAlanSmith,whoworkedattheSmithsonianTropicalResearchInstituteinPanama.Smithhadtheideaofusingastaticcranetogetintothetreetops.Un-tetheredballoonsmayallowwidelystributedsitestobesampled,butcranesallowscientiststostudyanareaofatleastahectarefromsoiltocanopythroughouttheyear,yearafteryear."Cranesbeatanyotheraccessmode.Theyarecheap,reliableandfast.E1（Alansmithinnovation創(chuàng)造，不但是innovativeidea，事實上AlanSmith是一個發(fā)+5EE8-10Kornerisusingastaticcraneinauniquecarbondioxide-enrientexperimentinSwitzerland,inanattempttodiscoverhowsmightrespondtotheglobalincreaseinatmosphericcarbondioxide(seeSwisscanopy-cranecarbonexperiment,right).Korner利用起重機(jī)做了一個二氧化B【原文參考依據(jù)-EInordertoincreasetheamountofcanopyacranecanaccess,somehavebeenmountedonshortrailtracks."In1995,DrWilfriedMorawetzwasthefirsttousethise,installingacraneon150metresoftrackinVenezuelanrain."Inmyopinion,cranesshouldbethecoreofcanopyresearchinthefuture,"hesays.365051-4(severe)【原文參考依據(jù)--CWhenaseveredroughthitin1977,thebirdssoondevouredthelastofthesmall,easilyeatenseeds.large【原文參考依據(jù)--CSmallermembersofthemediumgroundfinchpopulation,lackingthebillstrengthtocracklargeseeds,diedheavy【原文參考依據(jù)--EEightyearslater,heavyrainsbroughtbyanElNinotransformedthenormallymeagervegetationonDaphne1977+8=1985small【原文參考依據(jù)--ESmallseedscametodominatethefoodsupplyandbigbirdswithbigbillsdiedout