語(yǔ)法5非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

知行教育學(xué)生個(gè)性化教學(xué)方案 捧著一顆心來(lái)，不帶半根草去知行教育學(xué)生個(gè)性化教案本學(xué)生：1EDUCATIO(就開(kāi)心) 知行教育教務(wù)處制知行教育學(xué)生個(gè)性化教學(xué)方案捧著一顆心來(lái)，不帶半根草去知行教育學(xué)生個(gè)性化教學(xué)方案捧著一顆心來(lái)，不帶半根草去EDUCATIOEDUCATIO)知行教育教務(wù)處制知行教育學(xué)生輔導(dǎo)教案學(xué)生姓名 學(xué)校 授課教師年級(jí) 上課時(shí)間 授課日期本次教學(xué)主要內(nèi)容牛津高中英語(yǔ)－模塊五第一單元一動(dòng)詞不定式：帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式帶to-的動(dòng)詞不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)是to+動(dòng)詞原形，如，todo,towork. 它可單獨(dú)使用，也可以組成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。Iwasdeterminedtobecheerful.to-的動(dòng)詞不定式可以做：句子的主語(yǔ)TofindabestfriendisdifficultItisdifficulttofindabestfriend.句子的賓語(yǔ)Ineedtosleepforeighthourseverynight.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Iaskedhimtocomeover.定語(yǔ)如：Ihaveaveryimportantmeetingtoattend.同位語(yǔ)如：Hisintentionwastocheermeup.狀語(yǔ)如：Mydadarrangedsomeswimminglessonstosurpriseme.to-Thingsseemtobegettingbetter.Johnpretendednottohaveseenme.二動(dòng)詞不定式：不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式可用于不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et makehave （有時(shí)候）2Iletherborrowmybook.Shemademepromisetowriteeveryday.Theteacheroftenhashisstudentsreadaloudinclass.feelhearseewatchIsawhertalktohernewfriends.wouldrather hadbetterwhynotIwouldrathergoswimming.YouhadbettertidyyourbedroomWhynotvisityourcousininJapan?注：感官動(dòng)詞后可以接 v-ing如：Isawhertalktohernewfriend.( 見(jiàn)證談話的整個(gè)過(guò)程)Isawhertalkingtohernewfriend. 一定見(jiàn)證整個(gè)談話過(guò)程)當(dāng)有and,or,except,but,than,ratherthan, 連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)后一個(gè)不定式往往省略 to。Shetoldmetobecheerfulandlookonthebrightside.Doyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchafilm?WehadnothingtodobutwatchTV?Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone.三V-ing 作名詞V-ing可以充當(dāng)名詞用。可以被用做：做主語(yǔ)（指一般性的動(dòng)作）Swimmingisgoodforyourhealth.做賓語(yǔ)（指一般性的動(dòng)作）Iloveswimmingintheseaduringthesummer.介詞之后如：Ikeepfitbyswimmingeveryday.物主代詞之后Herswimminghasimprovedsinceshestartedtrainingeveryday.注：如果所談?wù)摰娜吮容^明確，那么物主代詞可以省略。如：Thankyouforcoming.組成復(fù)合名詞Thereisashoeintheswimmingpool.2．以下動(dòng)詞后面接v-ingAdmit dislike imagine delay consider mind avoid enjoy practice miss finish keep suggest以下常用詞組后面接 v-ingWouldyou mind cannot help look forward to feel likecannotstand itisnouse/good putoff keepon3Wouldyoumindhelpingmewithmyhomework?Icannothelpwonderingwhyshedoesnotlikeme.Ilookforwardtoseeingyouattheparty.Idon’tfeellikedoinganythingnow.Shecannotstandseeingthatboy.Ithinkitisnousecryingaboutyourexamresultsnow.Ihadtoputoffshoppingforawhile.Hekeptonaskingmeformyphonenumber.以下動(dòng)詞后面可以接 v-ing 或todo，意思上幾乎沒(méi)有區(qū)別。Continue prefer begin hate like start一些動(dòng)詞后面既可以接 v-ing，也可以接todo，但意義和用法上有區(qū)別在使用時(shí)要確保形式的正確。如，forget regret remember mean try goforget+todo( 事情還沒(méi)做)Heforgottoclosethedoorwhenheleft.Forget+doing )I’llneverforgetwinningmyfirstgoldmedal.第二單元一V-ing 充當(dāng)形容詞或副詞v-ing 可作：定語(yǔ)v-ing Thiswillhavealastingeffect.有時(shí)候會(huì)把一個(gè)副詞放在v-ing 前。如：Thatwasanextremelyinterestingspeech.v-ing 可以和副詞或名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞。Thefast-growingeconomyhascausedenvironmentalproblems.Awood-burningstoveisenvironmentallyfriendly.v-ing 可以放在名詞后，像定語(yǔ)從句一樣修飾名詞，v-ing 還可以被改成定語(yǔ)句。peoplerunningthesefactoriesareveryconcernedabouttheenvironment.=Peoplewhorunthesefactoriesareveryconcernedabouttheenvironment.表語(yǔ)Thisdestructionisfrightening.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting.v-ing 可放在stand,sit,lie 的后面，表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。4如：Theystoodtalkingtoeachother.=Theystoodwhentheyweretalkingtoeachother.v-ing有完成時(shí)態(tài)，如，havingworkedHavingworkedsidebysidewithmanyenvironmentalistsIknowthatahealthyenvironmentandstableeconomyshouldbepossibleatthesametime.二V-ing 短語(yǔ)v-ing Theysattheresmiling.Theysattheresmilingateachother.v-ing 短語(yǔ)可以表示：時(shí)間AskingaroundIfindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.askaround,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.Havingobservedtheproblemfor manyyears, heannouncedthat wearenowfacing thebiggest environmental problemofourtime. =After heobservedtheproblemfor manyyears, heannouncedthat wearenowfacing thebiggestenvironmentalproblemofourtime.原因Wearemakingbiggerholesinthenetshopingtoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.=Wearemakingbiggerholesinthenets,becausewehopetoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.結(jié)果Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirtyThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke.Asaresult,theairismadedirty.條件如：Preparing fully, wecanachievegreatthings. =If wepreparefully,wecanachievegreatthings.2．連詞+v-ing 也可以來(lái)表示時(shí)間。常用的連詞有： when whenever onceuntil如：totakeenvironmental protection into consideration developingtheeconomy.v-ing 從句的邏輯主語(yǔ)通常和主句的主語(yǔ)一致。如：Hetraveledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoiseinablanket. =Whenhetraveled ontheplane like this, hekept thetortoisehiddeninablanket.4．否定形式是：not+v-ing5Hesatthere,notknowingwhattosay.第三單元一V-ed形式v-ed在句中可以充當(dāng)形容詞和副詞的用法。v-ed可以被用作：定語(yǔ)v-ed放在名詞的前面，像形容詞一樣修飾名詞。 V-ed可以改成定語(yǔ)從句。如：If Ihadthechance,Iwouldhaveaclonedbaby.=if Ihadthechance,Iwouldhaveababywhoiscloned.大部分名詞前的v-ed 表達(dá)被動(dòng)的含義。但有些 v-ed 表達(dá)過(guò)去的含義，如，escaped retired fallen 。比較下面的短語(yǔ)：表被動(dòng)：thehighlypraisedscientist(Thescientisthasbeenhighlypraised.)表過(guò)去：theretiredscientist(Thescientisthasretired.)有時(shí)候可以把副詞放在 v-ed之前如：well-trainedteachersv-ed 可以和副詞或名詞連用構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞。如：underdevelopedregion handmadefurniturev-ed可以像定語(yǔ)從句一樣放在名詞后修飾名詞。如：Ithinkthescientificadvancesmentionedinyourarticleareinteresting.=Ithinkthescientificadvancesthatarementionedinyourarticleareinteresting.表語(yǔ)MygrandfatherwasdelightedtohearIpassedmyexams.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Aftertherobbery,theyfoundthefrontwindowsbroken.v-ed可以接在動(dòng)詞后面表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。如： standsitlie如：Shelay trapped underthebuilding for three days.(Shelaythereandwastrapped.)二V-ed短語(yǔ)v-ed短語(yǔ)可以是v-ed單獨(dú)使用，也可以后面接賓語(yǔ)和 /或狀語(yǔ)如：Shelefttherestaurant,disappointed.Shelefttherestaurant,disappointedwiththebadservice.．表被動(dòng)的v-ed短語(yǔ)可以表示：時(shí)間如：Thescientist hascopiedaassisted byrecent in medicalscience. =Thescientist hascopieda humancell, andat thattimewasassistedbyrecentadvancesinmedicalscience.6原因如：Shockedbythearticle, thealetter tothenewspaper.=Thewomanwrotealettertothenewspaperbecauseshewasshockedbythearticle.3) 條件如：Treatedwith electricity, thecell tissue will split into parts.=Ifitistreatedwithelectricity,thecelltissuewillsplitintoseveralparts.v-edthescientistwhowasassistedbyrecentadvancesinmedicalsciencethewomanwhowasshockedbythearticlethe