2021全國(guó)1卷高考英語試題及參考答案

全國(guó)1卷高考英語試題及參考答案真的猛士，敢于直面慘淡的分?jǐn)?shù)，敢于正視淋漓的成果單。這是怎樣的哀痛者和幸福者?下面給大家?guī)硪恍╆P(guān)于2021全國(guó)1卷高考英語試題及答案，盼望對(duì)大家有所關(guān)心。

2021全國(guó)1卷高考英語試題

英語

留意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦潔凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.?19.15.

B.B.?9.18.

C.C.?9.15.

答案是C。

1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?

A.Inaclassroom.

B.Inahospital.

C.Inamuseum.

2.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?

A.Takefitnessclasses.

B.Buyapairofgymshoes.

C.Changehisworkschedule.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Whattodrink.

B.Wheretomeet

C.Whentoleave.

4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleges.

B.Classmates.

C.Strangers.

5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?

A.Shemightwantaticket.

B.Sheislookingfortheman.

C.Shehasanextraticket.

其次節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness?

A.10years.B.13years.C.15years.

7.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJamessituation?

A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.WhathasKatesmotherdecidedtodo?

A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork.

9.WhatdidKatesmotherstudyatcollege?

A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.C.Businessadministration.

10.WhatisKatesattitudetowardhermothersdecision?

A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Chairingameeting.

B.Hostingaradioprogram.

C.Conductingajobinterview.

12.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?

A.Herwidereading.B.Herleadersguidance.C.Herfriendshelp

13.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?

A.Herteacher.B.HerfatherC.Hermother.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?

A.Helacksmotivation.

B.Hehasaheartproblem.

C.Heworksallthetime.

15.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo?

A.Hesanathlete.B.Hesaresearcher.C.Hesajournalist.

16.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?

A.Toencouragetheman.

B.Torecommendanexercise.

C.Tosupportherfindings.

17.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?

A.300minutes.B.150minute.C.75minutes.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?

A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.Theyblockedit

19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?

A.Itswarm.B.Itsbrown.C.Itssmooth.

20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientistsexperiment?

A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.

B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.

C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.

其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

NeedaJobThisSummer?

Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.

Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.

JobsforYouth

Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合條件)forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.

Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社區(qū)).

SummerCompany

SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.

StewardshipYouthRangerProgram

YoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.

SummerEmploymentOpportunities(機(jī)會(huì))

ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.

Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.

21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?

A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.

B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.

C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.

D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.

22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?

A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.

23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?

A.JobsforYouth.B.SummerCompany.

C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.

D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.

B

ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.

Buthe’s,nervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”a.pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.

Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.

LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent，”Whaleyexplains，“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage，tofeelconfidentenoughtosay，‘Idon’tknow，butIwanttoknow.’”

Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.

“Boastingaboutyourself，andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays，“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”

24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?

A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.

C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?

A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.

26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.

A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengths

B.assessstudents’publicspeakingskills

C.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs

D.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics

27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?

A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.

C

Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauserstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping

C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.

29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.

B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.

D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?all1osoisgitieocooll.

A.Itllbeenvironment-friendly.B.Itllreachconsumerssoon.

C.Itllbemadeofplastics.D.Itllhelpspeeduptyping.

31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.AguidebookC.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

D

Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(學(xué)校),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.

Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.

Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(從事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”

Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(調(diào)查討論).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.

Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.

Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch，Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,”hesaid.

32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?

A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.

33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theclassificationofthepopular.

B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.

C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.

D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.

34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein’sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?

A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.

B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.

C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.

D.Theyperformedwellacademically.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.BeNice-YouWon’tFinishLast

B.TheHighertheStatus,theBeer

C.BetheBest-YouCanMakeIt

D.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness

其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)

依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?

Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”36Accordingtorecentstudies，theanswerisabigYES，iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.

37Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving，energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors，yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply，allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.

Recently，peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen，growingthingscanreducestress，lowerbloodpressure，andputpeopleintoabettermood(心情).Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.

40Whilethesunsrayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthatsplentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbadaysworthofVitaminD.

A.Freshaircleansourlungs.

B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?

C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.

D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.

E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?

F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.

G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.

第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)

第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.

Hearingthesestories,I’m44abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.

However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.

ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel(礫石),stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.

DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.

41.A.keepB.mixC.connectD.bring

42.A.storiesB.buildingsC.crowdsD.reporters

43.A.positionB.ageC.faceD.name

44.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy

45.A.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate

46.A.equipmentB.grassC.campsD.stones

47.A.remoteB.quietC.allD.clean

48.A.newB.specialC.significantD.necessary

49.A.payingoffB.spreadingoutC.blowingupD.fadingaway

50.A.atmosphereB.experienceC.experimentD.sight

51.A.studiedB.observedC.exploredD.regarded

52.A.viewB.qualityC.reasonD.purpose

53.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials

54.A.holdingontoB.goingbacktoC.livinguptoD.givingwayto

55.A.changesB.clearsC.improvesD.permits

56.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add

57.A.villageB.desertC.roadD.lake

58.A.ObviouslyB.EasilyC.ConsequentlyD.Finally

59.A.permanentB.littleC.freshD.artificial

60.A.enjoyB.deserveC.saveD.acquire

其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(