北京2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語試卷

北京101中學(xué)2023屆上學(xué)期高三年級9月月考英語試卷

考試時間90分鐘，滿分100分。

第一部分知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)

第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A,B,C,D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Kariedouble-checkedthewordsonherspellingtest.Ifshegot100percenttoday,she'dwin

herclass'sFirst-QuarterSpellingChallenge.

Threemorewordstogo.N-i-c-e-l-y,Q-u-i-c-k-l-y,H-o-n-e-s-t-y.Wait!She'dspelledhonesty,

nothonestly!Sheerasedthet-yandwrote1-ybeforehandinginherpaper.

Afterabreak,Kariehurriedintotheclassroom.Shefidgeted(坐立不安)inherseat.Ms.

McCormackwalkedtothefrontandclearedherthroat."Congratulations.Karie!Youdidit!"The

wholeclass].

Ms.McCormackpresentedKariewithherprize一a2.Kariegrinnedasshereadthe

3_onthebox:toKatieforherperfectfirst-quarterscoreinspelling.

Karie4thefrontdoorafterschool.Shescoopedup(抱起)hercat."Canyouspell

nicely,Casper?Andquicklyandhonestly,and..."Karie'sstomachtumbledtothefloor.Honestly?

H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!Itsuddenlystruckherthatshehad5theword.Kariewenttoherroom

and6onhowshecouldtelltheclassshehadn'tearnedtheprizeafterall.Shecouldn't

sleepbutkepttossingandturninginbedallnight.

Ms.McCormackwasunlockingtheclassroomdoorwhenKariegottoschoolthenext

morning."Youarea(n)7bird."Ms.McCormacksaid.Katie'shandstrembled.Shegave

herteacherthespellingpaperandthedictionary."Ican'tkeepthis.Imisspelledhonestlyandyou

didn't8it.u"Comeandsitdown,Karie."Foramoment,Ms.McCormackstoodquietly

readingthewordsonthedictionary.Thenshepickedupherpen.Shecrossedouttheword

"perfect"andwrote"honest"beforehandingthedictionarybacktoKatie.Katie'sjawdropped."I

gettokeepthis.9?”"Forhonestly,no."Ms.McCormacksmiled."Butfor10,yes."

()1.A.interruptedB.eruptedC.hesitatedD.followed

()2.A.bookB.penC.dictionaryD.certificate

()3.A.titlesB.poemsC.wordsD.letters

()4.A.pushedoverB.pulleddownC.brokeintoD.burstthrough

()5.A.misunderstoodB.misspelledC.misinterpretedD.misjudged

()6.A.reflectedB.insistedC.decidedD.acted

()7.A.earlyB.lovelyC.talentedD.timely

()8.A.checkB.correctC.doubtD.catch

()9.A.EventuallyB.HonestlyC.ImmediatelyD.Luckily

)10.A.fairnessB.respectC.honestyD.trust

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

A

Ablackholeisaspotinspacethathas11(power)gravity.Itsgravityissostrongthatit

pullseverythingnearbyintoit,stars,planetsandotherthings.Blackholesformwhenastardies.

Whenthathappens,ahugeamountofmattercrowdsintoaverysmallspace,which12

(become)verydense.Blackholes13(talk)aboutin1783first.Thatyear,onescientistsaid

thatintheuniverse,theremightbeplaceswithstronggravitytotraplight,althoughhedidn'tuse

theterm"blackhole".

B

Emmawasonherwayhomewhensheheardasuddenscream.Lookingaround,shesawa

littleboyonthesidewalkgasping(急喘)forair,his14(frighten)motherbeggingforhelp.

Emmarushedtotheboy,whoseface15(turn)purple."Whafswrong?"Acandy!Inhis

throat!"ItwasluckythatEmmahadlearnedhow16(perform)theHeimlichmaneuver(海

姆利克急救法)atschool.Sheactedquickly.Soon,theboycoughedupapieceofcandyand

beganbreathingagain.Hewassavedintime.

C

Imagineyou'restandingclose17ariver.Thesunisshiningandeverythingisvery

quiet.Thereisaboat18(wait)foryou.Yougetinandittakesyoudownariverslowly

andgently.Andaftersometimeyourealizethatyou19(be)intheplacebefore.You're

backatatimeinyourchildhood,20youwereveryhappy.Yourowtothebankoftheriver

andgetout.Walkaroundandyouwillmeetallthosepeopleyouspentthathappytimewithand

youcandoallthosethingsagainthatyouenjoyed.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A,B,C,D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

THEOLYMPICSTUDIESCENTRE

YOURSOURCEOFREFERENCEFOROLYMPICKNOWLEDGE

TheIOCOlympicStudiesCentreistheworldsourceofreferenceforOlympicknowledge.

Ourmissionistosharethisknowledgewithprofessionalsandresearchersthroughproviding

information,givingaccesstoouruniquecollections,enablingresearchandstimulatingintellectual

exchange.

AspartoftheIOC,weareuniquelyplacedtocollectandsharethemostup-to-dateand

accurateinformationonOlympism.OurcollectionsincludetheIOCarchives(檔案),theofficial

publicationsoftheIOCandtheOrganizingCommitteeoftheOlympicGamesaswellas

books,articlesandjournals.

HERETOHELP

WhateveryourinterestintheOlympicMovement-academicorprofessional-wewillhelpyou

findtheinformationyouneed,quicklyandeasily.We'rehereto:

?Answeryourquestions:sharefactualandhistoricalinformation,Gamesresultsand

statistics

?Givepersonalizedguidance:helpyoufindwhatyouneedinourextensivelibraryand

archives

?Lendyoubooksandpublications,eveninternationally

?Giveyouonlineaccess:toourelectronicdocuments

?Awardresearchgrants:toPhDstudentsandestablishedresearchers

?Connectyoutoournetwork:ofacademicexpertsinOlympicstudies

JointheacademiccommunityinterestedinOlympicstudies

OneofourkeyrolesistofacilitatecommunicationandcooperationbetweentheIOCandthe

internationalacademiccommunityinordertopromoteresearchandstimulateintellectual

exchange.

Thisworldwidecommunityismainlycomposedofover40OlympicStudiesCentersand

hundredsofindividualscholarsanduniversitystudentsworkingonacademicprojectsrelatedto

thefieldofOlympicstudies.

Thankstothisregularexchangeandtheworkconductedbytheacademics,weenrichthe

world'sOlympicknowledge,sharenewanalysisonkeytopicsrelatedtotheOlympicMovement

andcanprovideguidancetouniversitieswishingtolaunchinitiativesonOlympicstudies.

Joinouracademicmailinglist

Universityprofessorsandresearchersareinvitedtojoinouracademicmailinglisttobe

informedaboutourfutureactivitiesandotherupdatesconcerningOlympicstudiesinitiatives.To

join,emailuswithabriefdescriptionofyouracademicstatusandyourfullcontactdetails.

VISITUS

You'llfindusnextdoortotheOlympicMuseuminLausanne,Switzerland.We'reopen

MondaytoFriday,9amto5pm,exceptonpublicholidaysandonChristmas.Youdon'tneedan

appointmenttousethelibraryandthestudyrooms.Ifyouwouldliketoseethehistoricalarchives

orneedpersonalguidancetofindyourwayaroundourcollections,pleasefilloutourvisitor

requestform.

()21.TheOlympicStudiesCentermainlyaimsto.

A.givepersonalizedguidance

B.provideresourcesontheOlympics

C.receiveOlympicfansacrosstheworld

D.updateinformationonOlympismforofficials

()22.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheacademiccommunity?

A.ItisorganizedbyOlympicofficials.

B.Itlaunchesprojectsatuniversities.

C.Itpromotesacademicexchanges.

D.Itprovideselectronicdocuments.

()23.Ifyouwanttovisitthecenter,youhaveto.

A.filloutavisitorrequestform

B.entertheOlympicMuseum

C.makeanappointment

D.arriveonworkdays

B

Dearchild,

Takeaseat.Daddyhassomethingtosharewithyou.Iwouldlikeustohavea

heart-to-heart-eventhough,overtheyears,youhaveslowlybrokenmine.Ohshutup;yousohave!

Ifyougooutandaskanymotherorfatheroutthere,Iguaranteethey'llsaythesamething:All

childrenbreaktheirparents'hearts.It*sjustwhatchildrendo.Infact,it*swhatDaddy*sown

mothercontinuestoremindhimstill,tothisveryday,everytimetheyspeakonthephone.

Inyourbabyyears,youvomited(嘔吐)，poopedandpeedalloverme.Inyourteenyears,you

camehomefrompartiesandvomitedredwineallovermyalready-dirtycarpets.Therewasatime

youexperimentedwithdrugsandallthosethingsIhate.Wheredoestheheartbreakend?

Still,Iwantyoutoknowyouareloved,becausevariousparentingmagazinesinsistthat*smy

responsibility:tomakeyoufeelspecialandvaluedandsoon.AndofcourseDaddylovesyou!

Don'tyousee?AndDaddyvaluesyou.Verymuchso.Howcouldhenotvalueyou,whenyou,asa

test-tubebaby,costsomuchtocomeintothisworld?

Nowyou*reoldenoughtohearthetruthaboutparenting.Andit'sthis:allkidsannoytheir

parents.Likeyou,Istartedoffadorable.ThenIwentthroughmyweird-body-shape-and-acne

years,lostallmycuteness,developedanattitudeandneveroncedidIapologizetomyparentsfor

stealingthebestyearsoftheirlives.

Whenyoubecomeaparentyourself,herearesomeparentingskillsyoumightwanttotry

thathavebeenpasseddownfromcountlessgenerationsofangryAsiansbeforeme.Passive

aggressionisalwayswelcome.Regularscream"IWISHYOUHADNEVERBEENBORN"will

helpkeepyourownkid'sself-respectincheck.Butwhateverhappens,ensureyouearnenough

moneyinyouradultlife.Thengiveittome,soIcangoonexpensiveinternationaltours.Ifyou

dothisIpromiseI'llstopcomplainingandleaveyoualone,becausewebothknowthat'swhatwe

reallywant.Loveyoulots,Cutie-Pie.

Daddy

()24.TheletterdiscussesallthetopicsEXCEPT.

A.babyhoodB.teenageproblems

C.parentingD.death

()25.Accordingtotheletter,theauthor.

A.usedtotakedrugs

B.regretsgettingmarried

C.brokehisparents*heart

D.wasbornasatest-tubebaby

()26.Whydoestheauthorwritetheletter?

A.Toaskhischildtoearnmoremoney.

B.Toencouragehischildtobeindependent.

C.Tocommunicatetohischildloveandhope.

D.Tostophischildfrombeingatroublemaker.

C

ElizabethSpelke,acognitive(認(rèn)知的)psychologistatHarvard,hasspenthercareertesting

theworld'smostcomplexlearningsystem-themindofababy.Babiesmightseemlikenomatch

forartificialintelligence(AI).Theyareterribleatlabelingimages,hopelessatminingtext,and

awfulatvideogames.Thenagain,babiescandothingsbeyondthereachofanyAI.Byjustafew

monthsold,they'vebeguntograspthefoundationsoflanguage,suchasgrammar.They'vestarted

tounderstandhowtoadapttounfamiliarsituations.

YetevenexpertslikeSpelkedon'tunderstandpreciselyhowbabies-oradults,forthat

matter-leam.Thatgappointstoapuzzleattheheartofmodemartificialintelligence:We'renot

surewhattoaimfor.

ConsideroneofthemostimpressiveexamplesofAI,AlphaZero,aprogrammethatplays

boardgameswithsuperhumanskill.Afterplayingthousandsofgamesagainstitselfatasuper

speed,andlearningfromwinningpositions,AlphaZeroindependentlydiscoveredseveralfamous

chessstrategiesandeveninventednewones.Itcertainlyseemslikeamachineeclipsinghuman

cognitiveabilities.ButAlphaZeroneedstoplaymillionsmoregamesthanapersonduring

practicetolearnagame.Mostimportantly,itcannottakewhatithaslearnedfromthegameand

applyittoanotherarea.

TosomeAIexperts,thatcallsforanewapproach.InaNovemberresearchpaper,Francois

Chollet,awell-knownAIengineer,arguedthatit'smisguidedtomeasuremachineintelligencejust

accordingtoitsskillsatspecifictasks."Humansdon'tstartoutwithskills;theystartoutwitha

broadabilitytoacquirenewskills,"hesays.MWhatastronghumanchessplayerisdemonstrating

isnotonlytheabilitytoplaychess,butthepotentialtofulfillanytaskofasimilardifficulty/1

Cholletposedasetofproblems,eachofwhichrequiresanAIprogrammetoarrangecolored

squaresonagrid(格柵)basedonjustafewpriorexamples.It*snothardforaperson.Butmodem

machine-learningprogrammes-trainedonhugeamountsofdata-cannotlearnfromsofew

examples.

JoshTenenbaum,aprofessorinMIT'sCenterforBrains,Minds&Machines,worksclosely

withSpelkeandusesinsightsfromcognitivescienceasinspirationforhisprogrammes.Hesays

muchofmodernAImissesthebiggerpicture,comparingittoacartoonaboutatwo-dimensional

worldpopulatedbysimplegeometrical(幾何形的)people.AIprogrammeswillneedtolearnin

newways-forexample,bydrawingcausalinferencesratherthansimplyfindingpatterns."At

somepoint-youknow,ifyouYeintelligent-yourealizemaybethere'ssomethingelseoutthere,'*he

says.

()27.ComparedtoanadvancedAIprogramme,ababymightbebetterat.

A.labelingimagesB.identifyinglocations

C.playinggamesD.makingadjustments

()28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"eclipsing"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Stimulating.B.Measuring.

C.Beating.D.Limiting.

()29.BothFrancoisCholletandJoshTenenbaummayagreethat.

A.AIisgoodatfindingsimilarpatterns

B.AIshouldgainabilitieswithlesstraining

C.AIlackstheabilityofgeneralizingaskill

D.AIwillmatchhumansincognitiveability

()30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.Whatisexactlyintelligence?

B.WhyismodernAIadvanced?

C.Whereishumanintelligencegoing?

D.HowdohumanstacklethechallengeofAI?

D

Incollege,Iwastaughtaneleganttheoryofchemicalcombinationbasedonexcesselectrons

goingintoholesintheorbitalshellofaneighbouringatom.Butwhataboutdiatomiccompounds

likeoxygengas?Don'task;studentsaren'treadytoknow.Inphysics,inbiology,inanyother

scienceclasses,studentsfrequentlygetthatanswertoo.It'stimetotruststudentstohandledoubt

anddiversityinscience.Actually,studentsarestartingtoact.Theyhaveshamedtheirseniorsinto

includingmorediversecontributorsasfacultymembersandrolemodels.Youngscholarsrudely

asktheirsuperiorswhytheyfailtoaddresstheextinctioncrisesclarifiedbytheirresearch.The

inheritedauthoritarianpoliticalstructuresofscienceeducationarebecominglame-butstillremain

largelyunchangedfromtheoldschooldays.

Anarrow,rigideducationdoesnotprepareanyoneforthecomplexitiesofscientificresearch,

applicationsandpolicy.Ifwediscouragestudentsfrominquiringintotherealnatureofscientific

truths,orexploringhowsocietyshapesthequestionsthatresearchersask,howcanweprepare

themtomaintainpublictrustinscienceinour"post-truth"world?Diversityanddoubtproduce

creativity;wemustmakeroomforthem,andstopguidingfuturescientistsintonarrowspecialties

thatvaluetechniqueoverthought.

Inscience,evenfoundationalbuildingblockscanbequestioned.Theunifyingpatternsofthe

periodictablearenowquestionedundercloserexamination.Somescientistsnowwonderwhether

theconceptofbiological"species"contributesmoreconfusionthaninsight,andwhetheritshould

thereforebeabandoned.However,suchadecisionwouldaffectconservationpolicy,inwhich

identificationofendangeredspeciesiscrucial-soitisnotjustanissueforbasicscience.

Sciencestudentsgenerallyremainunawarethatconceptssuchaselementsandspeciesare

contestedorareevencontestable.Inschool,collegeandbeyond,curriculahighlightthetechnical

andhidethereflective.Publicargumentsamongscientistsoftenpresumethateveryproblemhas

justonesolution.

Nonetheless,uncertainadviceoncomplexissuesshouldbeawarningthat,fromafuture

perspective,today'stotalscientificconsensusonsomepolicyissuemighthavebeentheresultof

stubbornness,aconflictofinterestorworse.Justasahealthydemocracyaccommodatesdissent

anddissonance,thecollectiveconsciousnessofsciencewoulddowelltoembracedoubtand

diversity.Thiscouldstartwithteachingscienceasagreat,flawed,ongoinghumanachievement,

ratherthanasacollectionofcut-and-driedeternal(永久的)truths.

Irecallalegendarychemistryprofessorwhowasnotskillfulatgettingclassroom

demonstrationstowork-butdiscussingwhatwentwronghelpedhisstudentstothrive.A

mathematicianfriendletpupilsdiscusseverystatementinthetextbookuntilallweresatisfied.

Theydidverywellinexams,andtaughtthemselveswhenhewasabsent.Treatingpeopleatall

levelsascommittedthinkers,whoseaskingteachesusall,isthekeytotacklingthechallengesto

scienceinthepost-trustage.

()31.Theproblemofcurrentsciencetrainingisthat.

A.studentscannotbecomespecialists

B.itgoesagainstestablishedscienceeducation

C.studentslosetrustintheirteachersandprofessors

D.itfailstoprovidestudentswithwhattheyneedinfuture

()32.Theperiodictableismentionedtoprovethat.

A.eventhewidelyacceptedcanbechallenged

B.studentsaregenerallyignorantofscience

C.mostpreviousresearchesareoutofdate

D.sciencehasbeendevelopingwithtime

()33.Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat.

A.studentsmaybemoreinnovativeiftheyareallowedtodoubt

B.sciencestudentsdonotcontestelementsorspecies

C.studentsshouldnottrustestablishedscience

D.diversitypreventsprogressinscience

()34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresentsthewriter'sopinion?

A.Ourcurriculahighlightthetechnicalandhidethereflective.

B.Scienceshouldbeacollectionofcut-and-driedeternaltruths.

C.Teachersshouldtreatpeopleatalllevelsascommittedthinkers.

D.Theconceptofbiologicalspeciesbringsmoreconfusionthaninsight.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為

多余選項。

Injustafewdecadesthegamingindustryhasbecomemuchbiggerthanthefilmbusiness.

Whatiscalled"interactiveentertainment"makesmoremoneythanHollywoodcinema.Isthere

anywayofmakingfilmsmoreappealingtopeoplewholiketoplaycomputergames?

Makingafilmoutofabest-sellingcomputergamecanguaranteealargeaudience.35

Nowadaysfilmsaremadewithsimilarones.Theyhaveattractiveactionscenesrelyingonfantasy

effectsaswell.Gamingmarketsconsistofscience-fictiongames,andfilm-makershavealsoset

filmsinscience-fictionworlds.36Anyattempttoborrowmorethanthesettingfroma

gameiscertaintofail.

Whydogarnersfeeldisappointedbyfilmsbasedontheirfavoritegames?Oneofthereasons

istechnical.Noweverythingcanbecomputer-produced.37However,filmingascene

from20differentcameraswouldcostafortune,soitsimplyisn'tdoneinthefilmversion-leaving

thegamersfeelingthatthefilmdidn'tlookasrealasthecomputergame.

38Inafilmthedirectordoesn'tshowyousomethingstokeepyouhavethefeeling

ofexcitementoranxiety.Forexample,youwouldn'tbeinterestedinwatchingthefilmifyou

knewtheidentityofthemurderer.Butthisisnottrueforcomputergames.Whenyouplayagame,

youhavetodocertaintaskstocontinuetothenewlevel.39Youarealwaysincontrolas

aplayer,whileinthecinemayounevercontroltheaction.Youjustsitandwatch.

Therecanbesomeinteractionbetweenfilmsandcomputergamesondifferentlevels.Forall

thesimilaritiesbetweentechnologiesandspecialeffects,weshouldn'tforgetthatastoryanda

gamearefundamentallydifferent.

A.Camerasmatterinanothersense,too.

B.Thesuccessofagameusuallyliesintheuseofspecialeffects.

C.Youcan*tinfluencewhathappensatallinthecomputergames.

D.Computergamesmayshowtheactionfromanumberofviewseasily.

E.Thegamehasagoodchanceofbeingassuccessfulasthefilmonwhichitisbased.

F.Youmustbeabletohaveaccesstoalltheinformationinordertodecidewhattodonext.

G.However,thedifficultyforfilmproducersappearstobeknowingwhereandwhentostop.

第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。

SharedServicesNeedMoreImagination

Supposeyouneedtodrillaholeinthewalltohanganitembutdonotownapowerdrill.You

mayregarditasexpensivetobuyapowerdrillandconsiderrentingone.Sharingisthesolution.

Thesharingindustryisanemerging,highlyflexibleeconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshare

resources,eitherfreeorforafee.

Theimportantideaofthesharingindustryisthatpeoplemightonlyneedanitemfora

relativelyshortperiod.Theprivatepartofsharedserviceshasbeenmovingtowardsthisareasince

thebeginningofthe1980s,andthenthepublicparthastakennoteofthebenefitsandcontinued

forbestpractice.TheUnitedStatesandAustraliaamongothershavehadsharedservicesin

governmentsincethelate1990s.

Withtheriseofthesharingindustry,thebest-knownsharedbikesandsharedcarshavegota

lotofpublicattention.Thiskindoftransportationissoenvironmentally-friendlythatitis

increasinglypopularamongpeopleinmanycities.

Ofcoursesharedservicesdon'tneedtobelimitedtomachines.Therealpay-offinshared

servicesprobablyliesinrentingoutsmaller,lessheavyitems.Forexample,intoday'scasual

environment,youdon'tneedatieunlessyou'regoingtoaweddingorajobinterview.Sosome

companieswouldletyoupickupatiewhenyouneededitandonlywhenyouneededit.Another

exampleisanumbrella-sharingservice.Sincevisitorsdon'twanttobecarryingumbrellasall