201812月大學英語四級真題及答案及解析（全三套）

./2017年12月大學英語四級真題及答案解析<全三套>四級聽力第一套：NewsReport1A9-year-oldgirlinNewMexicohasraisedmorethan$500forherlittlebrotherwhoneedsheartsurgeryinHouston,TexasthisJuly.AddisonWitulski'sgrandmotherKimAllred,saidAddisonprobablyoverheardaconversationbetweenfamilymemberstalkingaboutthefundsneededtogetherlittlebrothertotreatment.

"Iguesssheoverheardhergrandfatherandmetalkingabouthowwe'reworriedabouthowwe'regoingtogettoHouston,formygrandson'sheartsurgery,"saidAllred.Shedecidedtogooutsideandhavealemonadestandandmakesomedrawingsandpicturesandsellthem."That'swhenAddisonandherfriendsErikaandEmilyBordendecidedtoselllemonadefor50centsacupandsellpicturesfor25centseach.BeforeAllredknewit,NewMexicoStatePoliceOfficerswereamongthemanystoppingbyhelpingthemreachatotalof$568.

Thefamilyturnedtosocialmediaexpressingtheirgratitudesaying,"Fromthebottomofourhearts,wewouldliketodeeplythankeachandeverypersonthatstoppedby!"1:WhodidAddisonraisethemoneyfor?2:HowdidAddisonraisethemoney?1.D>Herlittlebrother.2.B>Bysellinglemonadeandpictures.NewsReport2:Lastweek,Franceannouncedthatthecountrywillpave621milesofroadwithsolarpanelsoverthenextfiveyearswiththegoalofprovidingcheap,renewableenergytofivemillionpeople.CalledtheWard

Way,theroadswillbebuiltthroughjointeffortswiththeFrenchroadbuildingcompanyColasandtheNationalInstituteofSolarEnergy.Thecompanyspentthelastfiveyearsdevelopingsolarpanelsthatareonlyaboutaquarterofinchthickandarestrongenoughtostanduptoheavyhighwaytrafficwithoutbreakingormakingtheroadsmoreslippery.Thepanelsarealsodesignedsothattheycanbeinstalleddirectlyontopoftheexistingroadways,makingthemrelativelycheapandeasytoinstall.Franceisthefirstcountrytokickaroundtheideaofpavingitsroadswithsolarpanels.InNovember2015,theNetherlandscompleteda229-footlongbikepathpavedwithsolarpanelsasatestforfutureprojects.However,thisisthefirsttimeapanelhasbeendesignedtobelaiddirectlyontopexistingroadsandthefirstprojecttoinstallthepanelsonpublichighways.

3:WhatwasFrance’spurposeofconstructingtheWard

Way?4:WhatisspecialaboutthesolarpanelsusedintheWard

Way?3.B>Providingcleanenergytofivemillionpeople.4.C>Theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways.NewsReport

3LionshavedisappearedfrommuchofAfrica,butforthepastfewyearsscientistshavewonderedifthebigcatswerehangingoninremotepartsofSudanandEthiopia.Continuousfightingintheregionhasmadesurveysdifficult.ButscientistsreleasedareportMondaydocumentingwithhardevidencethediscoveryof"lostlions."AteamwithOxfordUniversity’sWildlifeConservationResearchUnit,supportedbyacharityorganization,spenttwonightsinNovembercampinginanationalparkinnorthwestEthiopiaontheEthiopia-Sudanborder.Theresearcherssetoutsixcameratraps,capturingimagesoflions,andtheidentifiedliontracks.

ThescientistsconcludedthatlionsarealsolikelytoliveinaneighboringnationalparkacrosstheborderinSudan.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNaturehadpreviouslyconsideredtheareaa"possiblerange"forthespecies,andlocalpeoplehadreportedseeinglionsinthearea,butnoonepresentedconvincingevidence.5:WhathasmadeitdifficulttosurveylionsinremotepartsofSudanandEthiopia?6:Whatwasthemainpurposeoftheresearch?7:Whatdidtheresearchersfindinthenationalpark?5.C>Endlessfighingintheregion.6.D>Tofindevidenceofthelions'disappearance.7.A>Lions'tracks.ConversationOneM:Ibegyou’relookingforwardtotheendofthismonth.Aren’tyou?W:Yes,Iam.Howdidyouknow?M:Davidtoldmeyouhadaspecialbirthdaycomingup.W:Oh,yes.That’sright.Thisyearwouldbemygoldenbirthday.M:Whatdoesthatmean?I’veneverheardofagoldenbirthday.W:I’veactuallyjustlearnedofthisconceptmyself.Fortunately,justintimetocelebrate.Agoldenorluckybirthdayiswhenoneturnstheageoftheirbirthdate.So,forexample,mysister’sbirthdayisDecember9thandhergoldenbirthdaywouldhavebeentheyearsheturns9yearsold.Cometothinkofit,myparentsdidthrowherasurprisepartythatyear.M:Interesting.ToobadImissedmine.Mygoldenbirthdaywould’vebeenfouryearsago.Iassumedlygotabigplanthen.W:Actuallyyes.Myhusbandisplanningasurpriseholidayforthetwoofusnextweek.Ihavenoideawhathe’sgotteninmind,butI’mexcitedtofindout.Hashementionedanythingtoyou?M:Hemighthave.W:Anythingyou’dliketoshare?I’mdyingtoknowwhatkindoftriphehasplannedwherewe’regoing.M:Yeah,nothingatall.W:Notaclue.Hardtoimagine,isn’tit!ThoughImustsay,Ithinkithasbeenevenmorefunkeepingthesecretformethepastfewweeks.M:I’msurebothofyouwillhaveafantastictime.Happygoldenbirthday!Ican’twaittohearallaboutitwhenyougetback.8.Whatdoesthewomanlookingforwardto?9.Whatdidthewoman’sparentsdoonhersister’sluckybirthday?10.Whatisthewomaneagertofindoutabout?11.Whatdoesthemansayattheendoftheconversation?8.D>Her"luckybrithday".9.A>Threwherasuperiseparty.10.C>Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.11.B>Heiseagertolearnhowthecouple'sholidayturnsout.ConversationTwoW:Mr.Green,Whatdoyouthinkmakesasuccessfulnegotiator?M:Well,Itdoeshardtodefine,butIthinksuccessfulnegotiatorshaveseveralthingsincommon.Theyarealwayspoliteandrationalpeople,theyarefirm,butflexible.Theycanrecognizepowerandknowhowtouseit.Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsinthenegotiation,thewayitraisesandfalls,andhowmaychangethedirection.Theyprojecttheimageofconfidence,andperhapsmostimportantly,theyknowwhentostop.W:Andwhataboutanunsuccessfulnegotiator?M:Well,thisprobablyallofuswhenwestartout.Weareprobablyimmatureandover-trusting,tooemotionaloraggressive.Weareunsureofourselvesandwanttobelikedbyeveryone.Goodnegotiatorslearnfast,poolnegotiatorsremainlikethatandgoonlosingnegotiations,W:Inyouropinion,cantheskillsofnegotiationbetaught?M:Well,youcanteachsomeonehowtopreparefornegotiation.Thereperhapssixstagesineverynegotiation,gettoknowtheotherside,stayyourgoals,starttheprocess,clarifythereisadisagreementorconflict,reassessyourposition,makingacceptablecompromise,andfinallyreachsomeagreementsandprincipals.Thesestagescanbestudied,andstrategiestobeusedineachcanbeplannedbefore-hand.ButIthinkthereallysuccessfulnegotiatorisprobablybornwiththesixthsensethatmayrespondproperlytothesituationathand.W:Theartisticsenseyoujustdescribed?M:Yes,that’sright12.What’sthemansayaboutgoodnegotiators?13.Whatdoesthemansay,maybethemostimportantthingtoasuccessfulnegotiator?14.Howisagoodnegotiatordifferentfromapoorone?15.What’sthefirststageofanegationaccordingtotheman?12.A>Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.

13.B>Theyknowwhentostop.

14.C>Theylearnquickly.

15.D>Gettoknowtheotherside.

PassageOneSomepeoplewonderwhycountriesspendmillionsofdollarsonspaceprojects.Theywanttoknowhowspaceresearchhelpspeopleonearth.Actually,spacetechnologyhelpspeopleoneartheveryday.Thisiscalledspin-offtechnology.Spin-offtechnologyisspacetechnologythatisnowusedonearth.Inearlyspaceprograms,suchastheApollomissionsofthe1960sand1970sandinthespaceshuttlemissionstoday,scientistsdevelopedobjectsfortheastronautstouseonthemoonandinspace.Wenowusesomeoftheseobjectseveryday.Forexample,wehavequartzcrystalclocksandwatchesaccuratetowithinoneminuteayear.Wepurifythewaterwedrinkwiththewaterfilterdesignedfortheastronautstouseinspace.Thecordlesshand

heldtoolsweuseinourhomes,suchasvacuumcleaners,flashlights,drillscamefromthetechnologyoftheseearlyspaceprograms.Oncoldwinterdays,wecanstaywarmwithbattery-operatedglovesandsocks,especiallymadecoatsandjackets.Alltheclothesaresimilartothespacesuitsdesignsthatkeptastronautscomfortableinthetemperaturesofthemoon,inourspin

offsfromspacetechnology.Theseproductsareonlyafewexamplesofthemanywaysspacetechnologyhelpsusinoureverydaylives.Nooneknowshownewspin

offtechnologyfromtheinternationalspacestationwillhelpusinthefuture.16.Whatdosomepeoplewanttoknowaboutspaceexploration?17.Whatdidscientistdoforthespaceshuttlemissions?18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthequartzcrystalclocksandwatches?16.D>HowspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.17.B>Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace.18.C>Theyareextremelyaccurate.PassageTwoWell,ifIcouldgetbackinhistoryandlive,I'dliketogetbacktothe18thcenturyandperhapsincolonialAmericainYankeenewEnglandwhereoneofmyancestorslived,becauseitwasthebeginningofsomething.Bythe18thcentury,therewasafeelingofcommunitythathadgrown.Myancestorwasthepreachertravelingaroundcountryside.Peoplelivedinsmallcommunities.Itwasfishermanandfarmerswhoprovidedfreshfoodthattastedandlookedlikefood.Unliketoday’ssupermarkets,andthereweresmalltownsandNewYorkwasn'tthatfaraway.I'mdeeplyattachedtothepuritantraditionnotinareligioussense.Buttheybelieved

inworkingforsomething,workingforgoals.AndIlikethat.Theyworkedhardatwhatevertheydid,buttheyhadasenseofachievement.Theybelievedingoodness,incommunity,andhelpingoneanother.Ilovethecolonialfabricsorthesilverworks,thefurnishings,thecombinationofelegancesimplicity.I'dloveit.Theprinting,thebooks,I’mveryattachedtoallthatkindofthing.Thatmaynotallbeveryentertaininginthemodernsenseoftheworld,butIwouldhaveenjoyedspendingmyeveningsinthatenvironment,discussingnewideas,buildinganewworld,andIcanseemyselfsittingonasmallchairbythefiredoingneedlework.19.Whydoesthespeakersayshewouldliketogobackandliveinthe18thcenturyAmerica?20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthePuritans?21.Whatwouldthespeakerlikedoingifshecouldgobacktothepast?19.C>Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.20.A>Theybelievedworkingforgoals.21.D>Doingneedleworkbythefire.PassagethreeIfyouarelostinthewoods,alittleknowledgeconcernedwithsomepeoplecalledahardshipintoanenjoyablestayawayfromthetroublesofmodernsociety.Whenyouthinkyou'relost,sitdownonthelogorrock,orleanagainstthetree,andrecitesomethingyouarememorizedtobringyourmindtothepointwhereisundercontrol.Don’trunblindlyifyoumustmove,don'tfollowstreamunlessyouknowit,andinthatcaseyou'renotlost.Streamsnormallyflowthroughwidelandbeforetheyreachalakeorriverthoughtherearemoreeatableplants,theremayalsobewildanimals,poisonoussnakes,andotherhazards.Manyexpertsfeelitisthewisesttowalkuphill.Atthetopofmosthillsandmountainsaretrailslivingbacktocivilizations.Iftherearenotrails,you'remucheasiertobeseenontopofthehill.Andyoumayevenspotthehighwayorrailroadfromthispoint.Nowadays,thefirstwaysomeofyousearchforyouisbyair.Inthewidelandsorindensegrass,we'reveryhardtospot.Anytimeyouaregoingtothewoods,somebodyshouldknowwhereyou'regoing,andwhenyouareexpectedtoreturn,alsowhensomeonecomestolooking,youshouldbeabletosignaltothem.22.Whatdoesthespeakeradviseyoutodofirstifyouarelostinthewoods?23.Whatwillhappenifyoufollowanunknownstreaminthewoods?24.Whatdomanyexpertsthinkisthewisestthingtodoifyou'relostinthewoods?25.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyougointothewoods?22.

C>Sitdownandtrytocalmyourself23.

B>Youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers.24.

D>Walkuphill.25.

A>Informsomebodyofyourplan.四級聽力第二套：答案：1.D>Ithasgotoneofitsinjured.2.C>Itsvideoswerepostedonsocialmedia.3.A>Thedistancetravelled.4.B>Gasconsumptionissoaring.5.B>Hehelpsastrangertocarrygroceriestohiscar.6.C>Heraisedalargesumofmoneyforhim.7.A>Heworkshardtosupporthisfamily.8.A>Attendaneconomicslecture9.C>Attendhisbrother’sbirthdayparty10.D>Joinhiminhisbrother’sbirthdaycelebration11.B>Bytrain12.A>Takingavacationabroad.13.C>Workingparttimeasawaiter.14.B>Saveenoughmoney..15.A>Hehasrichsailingexperience.16.D>ShewasalsoaNobelPrizewinner.17.B>ShedevelopedX-rayfacilitiesformilitaryhospitals.18.

A>Bothdiedofbloodcancer.19.C>TheydiscoveredIcelandintheninthcentury.20.D>Itwasarockymassoflandcoveredwithice.21.A>TheeViking’soceanexplorations.22.

C>Dreamaboutthefuture.23.B>Changewhathehasforhispastimaginaryworld.24.D>Internationalbusiness.25.B>Becontentwithwhatyouhave.四級閱讀第一套：選詞填空26.[K]superior27.[D]nuisance28.[M]tip29.[O]visual30.[A]associated31.[F]preventing32.[H]sensitive33.[I]slight34.[C]indicate35.[J]specify匹配題36.

[I]

Elderlystudentsfindithardtokeepupwiththerapidchangesineducation.37.

[E]

Somebelievetake-homeexamsmayaffectstudents'performancesinotherscourses.38.

[C]

Certainprofessorsbelievein-classexamsareultimatelymorehelpfultostudents39.

[D]

In-classexamsarebelievedtodiscouragecheatinginexams.40.

[B]

Theauthorwashappytolearnshecoulddosomeexamsathome.41.

[H]

Studentswhoputofftheirworkuntilthelastmomentoftenfindtheexamsmoredifficultthantheyactuallyare.42.

[G]

Differentstudentsmaypreferdifferenttypesofexams.43.

[F]

Mostprofessorsagreewhethertogiveanin-classoratake-homeexamdependsonthetypeofcoursebeingtaught.44.

[A]

Theauthordroppedoutofcollegesomefortyyearsago.45.

[J]

Somestudentsthinktake-homeexamswilleatuptheirfreetime.仔細閱讀46.BTheyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.47.AItmightbepreventedandtreated.48.DItwillmotivatedoctorsandpharmaciststofindwaystotreataging.49.CTheycancontributetopeople'shealthonlytoalimitedextent.50.AThehumanlifespancannotbeprolonged.51.CMoremalesthanfemalesarelikelytogetoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.52.CMenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMdisciplines.53.BTheycontainnothingthatdistinguishestheapplicants.54.DTheydeletedallinformationaboutgender.55.DStartapublicdiscussiononhowtoraisewomen'sstatusinacademiccircles.四級閱讀第二套：選詞填空Weallknowthereexistsagreat

void〔空白inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto

26

toSTEM<Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics>courses.OneeducatornamedDoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineeringfor11years.ShenoticedtherewasarealvoidinqualitySTEMeducationatall

27

ofthepubliceducationalsystem.Shesaid,"IstartedEngineeringForKids<EFK>afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringprogramsto

28

myownkidsin."

Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren

29

inSTEM-basedcompetitions.Theclubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate

30

,shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand

31

it.TheglobalbusinessEFKwasborn.

DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto

32

recreationcenters.Today,theEFKprogram

33

over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStatesandin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2014to$10millionin2015,with25newbranchesplannedfor2016.TheEFKwebsitestates,"Ournationisnot

34

enoughengineers.Ourphilosophyistoinspirekidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat

35

."26.G

exposure

27.L

levels28.F

enroll29.O

participated30.C

championships31.E

developing32.M

local33.N

operates34.J

graduating35.B

career匹配題36.Tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedon’tknow.HMoreover,inordertobecurious,"youhavetoawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthefirstplace."AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofusareunawareofhowmuchwedon’tknow,he’ssurelyrighttopointoutthattheproblemisgrowing:"Googlecangiveusthepowerfulillusionthatallquestionshavedefiniteanswers."37.AccordingtoLeslie,curiosityisessentialtoone’ssuccess.D>

ThejournalistIanLeslie,inhisnewandenjoyablebook

Curious:TheDesiretoKnowandWhyYourFutureDependsonIt,insiststhattheanswertothatlastquestionis"Yes".Lesliearguesthatcuriosityisamuch-overlookedhumanvirtue,crucialtooursuccess,andthatwearelosingit.38.Weshouldfeelhappywhenwepursueknowledgeforknowledge’ssake.O>

AllofwhichbringsusbacktoGoodellandtheChristiecaseandBenghazi.Eachcriticinthoseexamplesischarging,inadifferentway,thatsomeoneinauthorityisintentionallybeingincurious.Ileaveittothereader'spoliticalpreferencetodecidewhich,ifany,chargesshouldstick.Butlet’sbecarefulaboutdemandingcuriosityabouttheotherside’sweaknessesandremainingdeterminedlyincuriousaboutourown.Weshouldbedelightedtopursueknowledgeforitsownsake—evenwhenwhatwefindoutissomethingwedidn'tparticularlywanttoknow.39.Politicalleaders’lackofcuriositywillresultinbadconsequences.M>

AlthoughLeslie’sbookisn’taboutpolitics,hedoesn’tentirelyshyawayfromtheproblem.Politicalleaders,likeleadersofotherorganizations,shouldbecurious.Theyshouldaskquestionsatcrucialmoments.Thereareseriousconsequences,hewarns,innotwantingtoknow.40.Thereareoftenaccusationsaboutpoliticians’andthemedia’slackofcuriositytofindoutthetruth.B>

Theaccusationofincuriosityisonethatwehearoften,carryingthesuggestionthatthereissomethingwrongwithnotwantingtosearchoutthetruth."Ihavebeenbotheredforalongtimeaboutthecuriouslackofcuriosity,"saidaDemocraticmemberoftheNewJerseylegislaturebackinJuly,referringtoaninsufficientlyinquiringattitudeonthepartofanassistanttoNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiewhochosenottoaskhardquestionsabouttheGeorgeWashingtonBridgetrafficscandal."Isn’tthemainstreammediatheleastbitcuriousaboutwhathappened?"wroteconservativewriterJenniferRubinearlierthisyear,referringtotheattackonAmericansinBenghazi,Libya.41.Thelesscuriousachildis,thelessknowledgethechildmayturnouttohave.L>

Schooleducation,hewarns,isoftenconductedinawaythatmakeschildrenincurious.Childrenofeducatedandupper-middle-classparentsturnouttobefarmorecurious,evenatearlyages,thanchildrenofworkingclassandlowerclassfamilies.Thatlackofcuriosityproducesarelativelackofknowledge,andthelackofknowledgeisdifficultifnotimpossibletocompensateforlateron.

42.Itiswidelyacceptedthatacademicaccomplishmentliesinbothintelligenceanddiligence.K>

Citingtheworkofpsychologistsand

cognitive〔認知的scientists,Lesliecriticizesthereceivedwisdomthatacademicsuccessistheresultofacombinationofintellectualtalentandhardwork.Curiosity,heargues,isthethirdkeyfactor—andadifficultonetopreserve.Ifnotcultivated,itwillnotsurvive："Childhoodcuriosityisacollaborationbetweenchildandadult.Thesurestwaytokillitistoleaveitalone."43.Visitingabookshopascuriosityleadsuscanbeagoodwaytoentertainourselves.J>

Somewhatnostalgically〔懷舊地,hequoteJohnMaynardKeynes’sjustlyfamouswordsofpraisetothebookstore:"Oneshouldenteritvaguely,almostinadream,andallowwhatistherefreelytoattractandinfluencetheeye.Towalktheroundsofthebookshops,dippinginascuriositydictates,shouldbeanafternoon’sentertainment."Ifonly!44.BoththeriseoftheInternetandreducedappetiteforliteraryfictioncontributetopeople’sdecliningcuriosity.G>

Lesliepresentsconsiderableevidenceforthepropositionthatthesocietyasawholeisgrowinglesscurious.IntheU.S.andEurope,forexample,theriseoftheInternethasledtoadecliningconsumptionofnewsfromoutsidethereader’sborders.Butnoteverythingistobeblamedontechnology.ThedeclineininterestinliteraryfictionisalsooneofthecausesidentifiedbyLeslie.Readingliteraryfiction,hesays,makeusmorecurious.45.Mankindwouldn’tbesoinnovativewithoutcuriosity.F>

Whyisthisaproblem?Becausewithoutcuriositywewilllosethespiritofinnovationandentrepreneurship.Wewillseeunimaginativegovernmentsanddyingcorporationsmakedisastrousdecisions.Wewillloseavitalpartofwhathasmadehumanityasawholesosuccessfulasaspecies.仔細閱讀46.

Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutcitiesinsub-SaharanAfrica?BTheyaregrowingfastwithoutbecomingricher47.

Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouturbanisationinotherpartsoftheworld?

B>Itstartedwhenpeople’sincomewasrelativelyhigh.48.Whyissub-SaharanAfricaunappealingtoinvestors?

A>Itlacksadequatetransportfacilities.49.Inwhat

waydoesauthorsayAfricancitiesaredifferent?

C>Theyhavedevelopedattheexpenseofnature.50.WhatmightbeasolutiontotheproblemsfacingAfricancities?

D>Amoreresponsiblegovernment51.ItusedtobecommonlyacknowledgedthattosucceedinAmerica,onehadtohave___.B>anambitiontogetahead52.WhatisthefindingofthelatestNationalJournalpollconcerningtheAmericandream?

C>Americans’

ideaofithaschangedoverthepastfewdecades.53.WhatdoAmericansnowthinkoftheroleofcollegeeducationinachievingsuccess?A>Itstillremainsopentodebate.54.Howdosomepeopleviewcollegeeducationthesedays?D>Ithelpsbroadentheirminds.55.WhatisonefactoressentialtosuccessinAmerica,accordingtoWillFendley?D>Aclearaimandhighmotivation.四級閱讀第三套：選詞填空26.Ksuperior27.Dnuisance28.Mtip29.Ovisual30.Aassociated31.Fpreventing32.Hsensitive33.Islight34.Cindicate35.Bexamine匹配題

36.I37.E38.C39.D40.B

41.H42.G43.F44.A45.J仔細閱讀46.Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutaging?B>Theyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.47.Howdomanyscientistsviewagingnow?A>Itmightbepreventedandtreated.48.WhatdoesAlexZhavoronkovthinkof"describingagingasadisease"?D>Itwillmotivatedoctorsandpharmaciststofindwaystotreataging.49.Whatdowelearnaboutthemedicalcommunity?C>Theycancontributetopeople’shealthonlytoalimitedextent.50.WhatdoesProfessorLeonardHayflickbelieve?A>Thehumanlifespancannotbeprolonged.51.Whatdowelearnaboutapplicantstopostdoctoralpositionsingeosciences?C>Moremalesthanfemalesarelikelytogetoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.52.Whatdostudiesaboutmenandwomeninscientificresearchshow?C>MenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMdisciplines.53.Whatdothestudiesfindabouttherecommendationlettersforwomenapplicants?B>Theycontainnothingthatdistinguishestheapplicants.54.WhatdidDuttandhercolleaguesdowiththemorethan1,200lettersofrecommendation?D>Theydeletedallinformationaboutgender.55.WhatdoesDuttaimtodowithherstudy?D>Startapublicdiscussiononhowtoraisewomen’sstatusinacademiccircles.

四級翻譯一：泰山位于XX省西部。海拔1500余米,方圓約400平方公里。泰山不僅雄偉壯觀,而且是一座歷史文化名山,過去3000多年一直是人們前往朝拜的地方。據記載,共有72位帝王曾來此游覽。許多作家到泰山獲取靈感,寫詩作文,藝術家也來此繪畫。山上因此留下了許許多多的文物古跡。泰山如今已成為中國一處主要的旅游景點。LocatedinwesternShandongprovinceineasternChina,MountTaistandsover1500metersabovesealevelandcoversanareaofabout400squarekilometers.Itisamountainofhistoricalandculturalsignificance.ReligiousworshipofMountTaidatesback3,000years.Inrecordedhistory,72emperorscameheretopayhomagetoheavenandearth.MountTaihasseenmanypoets,literaryscholarsaswellaspainterswhohavetraveledthereforinspiration.ThatexplainswhyMountTaifeaturesnumerousculturalrelicsandhistoricsites.MountTaihasbecomeoneoftheleadingtouristattractionsinChina.四級翻譯二：華山位于華陰市,距XX120公里。華山是秦嶺的一部分。秦嶺不僅分割陜南與陜北,也分隔華南與華北。與從前人們常去朝拜的泰山不同。華山過去很少有人光臨。因為上山的道路極其危險。然而,希望長壽的人卻經常上山,因為山上生長著許多藥草,特別是一些稀有的藥草。自上世紀90年代安裝纜車以來,參觀人數(shù)大大增加。MountHuaislocatedinHuayinCity<Shaanxi,China>,120kilometersawayfromXi’an.ItispartoftheQinlingorQinMountains,whichdividenotonlynorthernandsouthernShaanxi,butalsosouthandnorthChina.UnlikeMountTaithatusedtobefrequentedbyworshipers/pilgrims,

MountHuawasnotwellvisitedbypilgrimsfromtherestofChinaastheroadsinthemountainwereextremelydangerous/becauseofinaccessibilityofitssummits.Backthen,however,thosewhowishedtoenjoylongevity/immortalityseekersventuredinMountHuaquitealotbecauseitwasbelievedthatnumerousherbs,rareonesinparticular,grewinthemountain.SincecablecarswereinstalledinMountHuainthe1990s,thenumberofvisitorshasincreaseddramatically/significantly/exponentially/themountainhasseenadramaticriseintouristarrivals.四級翻譯三：XX位于XX省南部。它風景獨特,尤以其日出和云海著稱。要欣賞大山的宏偉壯麗,通常得向上看。但要欣賞XX美景,就得向下看。XX的濕潤氣候有利于茶樹生長,是中國主要產茶地之一。這里還有許多溫泉,其泉水有助于防治皮膚病。XX是中國主要旅游目的地之一,也是攝影和傳統(tǒng)國畫最受歡迎的主題。LocatedinsouthernAnhuiprovinceineasternChina,HuangshanorliterallyYellowMountainisknownforitsuniquenaturalscenery,particularlysunrisesandseaofclouds.Toappreciatethemagnificenceofthemountain,youhavetolookupwardinmostcaseswhiletoenjoythefascinatinglandscapeofHuangshan,you'vegottolookdownward.Thehumidclimateoftheareaoffersfavorableconditionsforteatreestogrow,whichmakesthesurroundingareaofHuangshanoneofthemajorproducersofteas.Themountainisalsohometonumeroushotsprings,whichishelpfulforpreventingskindisease.AsoneofthetoptouristdestinationsinChina,HuangshanrepresentsoneofthemostpopularthemesofphotographicworksandtraditionalChinesepaintings.四級寫作一：親子關系Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayon

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