河南省平頂山市高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）

河南省平頂山市2019-2020學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）考生注意:1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上,并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置.2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑.如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào).回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上.寫在本試卷上無(wú)效.3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.第一部分聽(tīng)力第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話.每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題.每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍.1.WhendidRachelprobablygohome?A.Attwoo’clock.B.Atfiveo’clock.C.Atsixo’clock.2.What’sthewomanreportingtotheman?A.Herchild.B.Hermoney.C.Hercar.3.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Listeningtomusic.B.Fixingtheradio.C.Working.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Familymembers.B.Travelingabroad.C.Pastexperiences.5.Wherewillthewomanprobablygofirst?A.Alibrary.B.Asupermarket.C.Aschool.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍.聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6至7題.6.Whatisthemanprobably?A.Adoctor.B.Ateacher.C.Apoliceman.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shetoldalie.B.Sheisasportsfan.C.Shedoesn’tlikewatchingTV.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至9題.8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atameeting.B.Ataparty.C.Atawedding.9.WhatdoesthemansayaboutAnne?A.Sheishumorous.B.Sheisveryintelligent.C.Sheisveryhelpful.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至12題.10.WhatdoesJackprobablythinkofthebook?A.Educational.B.Difficult.C.Interesting.11.Howlongdidittakethemantofinishthebookasakid?A.Onedayandonenight.B.Onenight.C.Twodaysandonenight.12.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.AskJacktogotobed.B.LetJackfinishthebookthatnight.C.ReadthebooktoJack.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13至16題.13.Howmuchdidtheman’sfamilypaytovisitthemuseum?A.$6.B.$10.C.$15.5.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthemuseum?A.Thevisitingtimeisshort.B.Thefourthfloorisaboutscience.C.Thetransportationisconvenient.15.Whatwasthemanmostinterestedin?A.Science.B.Medicine.C.Art.16.Whenisthemuseumclosed?A.OnSunday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnMonday.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題.17.WhyisthewomaninCairo?A.Tovisitherfriends.B.Tocompleteacourse.C.Tolearnaboutthecity.18.WhatdidthewomanthinkofherArabiclecturer?A.Good-looking.B.Admirable.C.Well-dressed.19.Whydidn’tthewoman’sgroupstayinthefirsthotel?A.Theyarrivedtherelate.B.Theydislikedit.C.Theywererefusedthere.20.Whatmadeonepersonofthewoman’sgroupgobackhome?A.Thecultureshock.B.Thebadplacestostay.C.Theunfriendlypeople.第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A,B,C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheseChildren’sBooksWrittenbyCelebrities(名人)ArePerfectforYourLittleKidsKellyClarksonWroteaBookInspiredbyHerDaughterWhenKellyClarksonwroteRiverRoseandtheMagicalLullaby,shenamedthemaincharacterafterheryoungdaughter.ThestoryfollowsRose,whofindsherselfinamagicaldreamworld,guidedbythevoiceofhermother.WritingthebookofferedtheAmericanIdolwinneranewchallenge.Shesaid,“It’ssohelpfulwithlearning.”JimCarreyIsonaRollwithThisBookJimCarrey’s2013book,HowRolandRolls,however,isverymuchforthelittleones.Thewinnerofthe2013GelettBurgessChildren’sBookAward,HowRolandRollsisaboutawavewhoworriesaboutwhatwillhappenwhenhefinallyhitsthebeach.Hisfeardisappearswhenherealizeshe’smorethanjustawave,buthe’stheentireocean!Comingup,thishorrorfilmstarisn’ttryingtoscare(使害怕)anykidswithherbook.JamieLeeCurtisHasBeenWritingSincethe1990sYoumightknowherbestfromtheHalloweenseriesmovie.ThisIsMeisastoryaboutimmigration(外來(lái)移民).Curtissaysshehasnopoliticalintentionswithherbook,saying,“Everypersonhasanimmigrantstoryabouttheirancestors,andwe’relosingthat.Ithoughtitwasimportanttoconnectthatthreadbacktowhoweare.”SteveMartin’sBooksProveHe’saComedianforAllAgesYoumayhaveeverreadoneofhisbooks,likeShopgirl.Ifyou’reafanofhisandyouhavekids,you’llbehappytoknowthatnowyourkidscanreadhisbooks,too.Sincegettingintochildren’literature,Martinhaswrittenandpublishedseveralbooks,includingLateforSchoolandTheAlphabetFromAtoYwithBonusLetterZ.EachletterofthealphabetispairedwithapoembyMarin.1.Whichbookdescribesacharacterthatisnotahumanbeing?A.ThisIsMe. B.LateforSchool.C.HowRolandRolls. D.RiverRoseandtheMagicalLullaby.2.WhatcanThisIsMeremindreadersofwhentheyreadit?A.Theirroots. B.Theirdreams. C.Theirchildren. D.Theirschoollife.3.WhowroteabookabouttheEnglishalphabet?A.JimCarrey. B.SteveMartin. C.KellyClarkson. D.JamieLeeCurtis.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本適合孩子閱讀的書(shū)籍，介紹了書(shū)的作者和內(nèi)容等情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JimCarreyIsonaRollwithThisBook部分中Thewinnerofthe2013GelettBurgessChildren’sBookAward,HowRolandRollsisaboutawavewhoworriesaboutwhatwillhappenwhenhefinallyhitsthebeach.可知作為2013年GelettBurgess兒童圖書(shū)獎(jiǎng)的得主，HowRolandRolls講述的是一個(gè)海浪擔(dān)心自己最終到達(dá)海灘后會(huì)發(fā)生什么。由此可知，，HowRolandRolls的主角不是人類。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JamieLeeCurtisHasBeenWritingSincethe1990s部分中ThisIsMeisastoryaboutimmigration(外來(lái)移民).Curtissaysshehasnopoliticalintentionswithherbook,saying,“Everypersonhasanimmigrantstoryabouttheirancestors,andwe’relosingthat.Ithoughtitwasimportanttoconnectthatthreadbacktowhoweare.”可知ThisIsMe是一個(gè)關(guān)于外來(lái)移民的故事。Curtis說(shuō)她的書(shū)沒(méi)有政治意圖，她說(shuō)，“每個(gè)人都有自己祖先的移民故事，而我們正在失去這些。我認(rèn)為把這條線和我們是誰(shuí)聯(lián)系起來(lái)很重要。”由此可知，當(dāng)作者閱讀ThisIsMe時(shí)，這本書(shū)能夠提醒讀者不要忘記他們的根源。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SteveMartin’sBooksProveHe’saComedianforAllAges部分中Sincegettingintochildren’literature,Martinhaswrittenandpublishedseveralbooks,includingLateforSchoolandTheAlphabetFromAtoYwithBonusLetterZ.EachletterofthealphabetispairedwithapoembyMarin.可知自從開(kāi)始接觸兒童文學(xué)，馬丁寫了并出版了幾本書(shū)，包括LateforSchool和TheAlphabetFromAtoYwithBonusLetterZ。字母表中的每個(gè)字母都與馬林的一首詩(shī)配對(duì)。由此可知，SteveMartin寫了一本關(guān)于英語(yǔ)字母表的書(shū)。故選B。BRecentlyIinvitedahomelessmantohavelunchwithmeattheSoupPlantationsothathecouldeatasmuchashewantedtofillhisstomach.ImethimoverthephonewhenIwascallingFatherBenno’s,asoupkitchen.Somethingwithinstirredmetoinvitehimtolunch.Sincehedidnothaveacar,Iofferedtopickhimup.Wehadawonderfulfour-hourlunch.Ilearnedalotabouthisstrugglesbutmoreimportantly,Ifinishedlunch,feelinggreatergratitude(感激)foraroofovermyhead,awarmshower,acomfortablebed,andfoodonthetable—allofwhichwemaynotthinktwiceabout.He,too,enjoyedtheconnection,hislunch,andarestfromspendinghisafternoononthestreets.IlearnedlongagothatonepersonalonecannotsolvetheproblemofthehomelesspeopleinCaliforniaortheUnitedStatesofAmerica.However,eachpersoncanmakeanefforttohelpthehomelessintheirownway.Doyouknowthat40%oftheU.S.populationlivepaycheck(薪水)topaycheck?Shouldasuddenfinancial(財(cái)務(wù)的)caseappear,anyoneofthose40%canenduphomelessinthestreets.Forthisholidayseason,perhapsyoumaywanttotrysomethingnew.Buyamealforthepersonaskingformoneyinsteadofgivingthemsparechange.Ifyoucanmakethetimeandfindcourage,invitethemtoshareamealwithyou.JesseJacksononcesaid,“Neverlookdownonanybodyunlessyouarehelpingthemup,”andRumitoldus,“Whenwepracticelovingkindnessandpity,wearethefirstonetobenefitfromit.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stirred”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Limited. B.Allowed. C.Begged. D.Encouraged.5.Whatwastheauthorthankfulfor?A.Thehomelessman. B.Thelengthofthelunch.C.Theconditionofhislife. D.Theconnectionwiththeman.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthosewholiveonpaycheck?A.Theyliveacomfortablelife. B.Theyjustmakeendsmeet.C.Theyarereallyhomelesspeople. D.Theylookdownuponthehomeless.7.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’ttheauthoradviseustodo?A.Trysomethingnew. B.Buyamealforaperson.C.Givemoneytothehomeless. D.Inviteapersontoshareameal.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者邀請(qǐng)一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人共進(jìn)午餐，度過(guò)了一個(gè)美妙的四小時(shí)午餐。這也讓作者對(duì)自己的生活更加感激。作者早就意識(shí)到一個(gè)人是無(wú)法獨(dú)自解決加州或美國(guó)無(wú)家可歸者的問(wèn)題的，但是每個(gè)人都可以用自己的方式努力幫助無(wú)家可歸的人。作者建議可以通過(guò)為他人買一頓飯來(lái)幫助他人，也不是直接給他們錢?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文RecentlyIinvitedahomelessmantohavelunchwithmeattheSoupPlantationsothathecouldeatasmuchashewantedtofillhisstomach.可知最近，作者邀請(qǐng)了一位無(wú)家可歸的人與自己在Soup種植園共進(jìn)午餐，這樣他就可以想吃多少就吃多少，填飽他的肚子。由此可知，劃線單詞的句子意思是，作者心中有個(gè)念頭鼓勵(lì)作者請(qǐng)這個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人來(lái)吃午飯。即劃線單詞意思為“鼓勵(lì)”。A.Limited.限制；B.Allowed.允許；C.Begged.請(qǐng)求；D.Encouraged.鼓勵(lì)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Ilearnedalotabouthisstrugglesbutmoreimportantly,Ifinishedlunch,feelinggreatergratitude(感激)foraroofovermyhead,awarmshower,acomfortablebed,andfoodonthetable—allofwhichwemaynotthinktwiceabout.可知我了解了他的掙扎，但更重要的是，我吃完午飯，對(duì)有一個(gè)住的地方、一個(gè)熱水澡、有一張舒適的床、桌上有食物更有感激之情——所有這些我們可能不會(huì)多想。由此可知，作者感謝他的生活狀況。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Doyouknowthat40%oftheU.S.populationlivepaycheck(薪水)topaycheck?Shouldasuddenfinancial(財(cái)務(wù)的)caseappear,anyoneofthose40%canenduphomelessinthestreets.可知你知道40%的美國(guó)人都是靠工資生活的嗎？如果突然出現(xiàn)財(cái)務(wù)問(wèn)題，這40%中的任何一個(gè)人最終都可能無(wú)家可歸。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為那些靠薪水生活的人他們只是維持了生計(jì)而已。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Forthisholidayseason,perhapsyoumaywanttotrysomethingnew.Buyamealforthepersonaskingformoneyinsteadofgivingthemsparechange.Ifyoucanmakethetimeandfindcourage,invitethemtoshareamealwithyou.可知在這個(gè)假期，也許你想嘗試一些新的東西。為要錢的人買一頓飯，而不是給他們多余的零錢。如果你有時(shí)間和勇氣，請(qǐng)他們和你一起吃頓飯。由此可知，作者不建議我們給無(wú)家可歸的人錢。故選C。CFordisshowingitsfirstall-electricsportsutilityvehicle,orSUV—theMustangMachE,markingamajorchangeintheU.S.carindustry.AutoindustryreportersgottheirfirstlookatthenewelectricvehicleSunday.ThenewMustangcantravelfrom370to480kilometersbeforeneedinganelectricalcharge(充電).ExpertssaytheMustangMachEmarksthestartofanincreaseinelectricvehiclesofferedbytopU.S.carmakers.Thereare18electricvehiclemodelsforsaleintheU.S.TheresearchgroupIHSMarkitexpectsthatnumbertogrowto80by2022.NewvehicleswillincludepickuptrucksandSUVsthatarepopularwithAmericanbuyers.Lastyear,electricvehiclesmadeuponly1.5percentofnewvehiclesalesworldwide.AutoIndustryresearchcompanyLMCAutomotivepredicts(預(yù)言)thatwillriseto2.2percentthisyear.IntheU.S.,electricvehicleswereonly1.2percentofsalesin2019.Itisexpectedtobethesamein2020.Automakers,however,seeroomforgrowth.Theynotethatelectricvehiclesaregetting250milesormoreonasinglecharge.Thatmeansabuyernolongerneedstoworryaboutrunningoutofpowerduringaday’susualdrive.Becauseoftheaddedmodelsandincreasedpower,LMCpredictsthattheywillmakeup17percentofworldwidesalesand7percentofU.S.salesin2030.Thefirst-generationofelectricvehiclesweresimplyexistingmodelsthatwerechangedtoelectricitytomeetgovernmentfueleconomyrules.Theydidnotsellwelllargelybecausetheycouldnottravelmorethan100milesbetweencharges.Butnow,manycangofartherthantheaverageone-daydrivingdistance.Thefive-passengerMachElookslikeatraditionalMustang.Engineerssaytheleastcostlymodelwillbeabletotravelabout370kilometersononecharge.Themostcostlymodelwillbeabletotravel483kilometers.8.Whatcanbeknownfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.AmericanslikepickuptrucksandSUVsbest.B.Therewillbemorevehiclemodelstomeetcustomers’needs.C.Fordisthefirstcompanytomakeall-electricsportsutilityvehicles.D.Thelongtraveldistancebetweenchargesisthecar’sgreatestadvantage.9.WhatdoweknowaboutthegrowthofelectricvehiclesinAmericain2030accordingtoLMC?A.It’sthefastestintheworld. B.Itismuchbelowtheworldaverage.CIt’sthesameastheworldaverage. D.Ithasn’tchangedverymuch.10.Howdidtheauthordevelopthelastparagraph?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byintroducingnewideas.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byfollowingtimeorder.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FordStartsNewElectricVehicles B.ElectricVehiclesAreBetterforEnvironmentC.OldElectricVehiclesWillBeKnockedOut D.ElectricVehiclesWillTakeOvertheMarket【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了福特推出其首款全電動(dòng)汽車——野馬馬赫E?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thereare18electricvehiclemodelsforsaleintheU.S.TheresearchgroupIHSMarkitexpectsthatnumbertogrowto80by2022.”可知，美國(guó)目前有18款電動(dòng)汽車在售，研究機(jī)構(gòu)IHS預(yù)計(jì)，到2022年，這一數(shù)字將增至80款，由此可知，將有更多的車型來(lái)滿足客戶的需求，故B項(xiàng)正確。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“LMCpredictsthattheywillmakeup17percentofworldwidesalesand7percentofU.S.salesin2030.”可知，汽車咨詢公司預(yù)計(jì)，到2030年，電動(dòng)汽車將占全球銷量的17%，占美國(guó)銷量的7%，由此可知，2030年，電動(dòng)汽車在美國(guó)的銷量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于世界平均水平，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，特別是“theycouldnottravelmorethan100milesbetweencharges.Butnow,manycangofartherthantheaverageone-daydrivingdistance.”可知，第一代電動(dòng)汽車充一次只能行駛不超過(guò)100英里，但現(xiàn)在的許多車型充一次電行駛得比第一代車型一天的行駛距離還要遠(yuǎn)，由此可知，本段是以作比較的手法行文的（現(xiàn)的車型在與過(guò)去的車型行駛里程的對(duì)比），故C項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段中的“Fordisshowingitsfirstall-electricsportsutilityvehicle,orSUV—theMustangMachE”（福特展示其首款全電動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)型多功能汽車——野馬馬赫E）可知，本文主要介紹的是福特推出新型電動(dòng)汽車，故A項(xiàng)正確。DNotlongago,Egyptmarkedthe150thanniversaryoftheopeningoftheSuezCanal.ThecanalconnectstheMediterraneanSeatotheRedSeaandtheIndianOcean.IthelpedspeedworldtradebetweentheEastandtheWest.Buttheman-madewaterwayhasalsohelpedspeedtheriseofotherthings,suchasinvasive(入侵的)non-nativespecies(物種).ScientistssaytheinvasivecreatureshavedamagedtheMediterranean’senvironmentandcausednativespeciestodisappear.Thenumberofnon-nativecreatureshasrisensincetheSuezCanalwaswidenedin2015.The“NewSuezCanal”hasraisedconcernsinEuropeandbroughtdisagreementfrommanyMediterraneancountries.BellaGalilisanIsraelibiologistwhohasstudiedtheMediterraneanforover30years.Shesaysmuchoftheecological(生態(tài)的)damagecannotberepaired.Shesaidurgentactionisneededtoeasetheeffectsoftheinvasivefishandothersealife.GalilworksatTelAvivUniversity’sSteinhardtMuseumofNaturalHistory.ShenotedthatthewideninganddeepeningoftheSuezCanalhascreateda“movingaquarium”ofspecies.Thesecreaturescouldmakecoastalwatersalmostunusableforhumanbeings.Galilbelievesthenumberofinvasivespecieshasreached400.Thatistwicethenumber30yearsago.Shesaidthisisa“historicexampleofthedangersofunintendedconsequences.”Israelisnowdealingwithhugenumbersofpoisonous(有毒)jellyfishthataffectcoastalpowercentersandkeeppeoplefromvisitingtheseashore.Otherpoisonousspecies,suchasthelionfishandsilver-cheekedtoadfish,arealsoappearing.Galilsaidtheproblemsofinvasivespeciescanbecomparedtothoseofclimatechange,pollutionandover-fishing.Shearguesthatthenewspecieshavecausedamajor“restructuring”oftheenvironment.Thishasendangerednativespecies.Someexpertshavesuggestedthatincreasingsaltlevelsinthecanalitselfcouldcreateabarrier(障礙物)thatwouldkeepinvasivespeciesout.12.WhatlessoncanwelearnfromtheeffectsoftheSuezCanal?A.Seeingisbelieving. B.Everycoinhastwosides.C.Letnaturetakeitscourse. D.Everyonemakesmistakes.13.What’stheattitudeofmanyMediterraneancountriestowardsthe“NewSuezCanal"?A.Uncaring. B.Unclear. C.Supportive. D.Against.14.WhatistheecologicalenvironmentlikeaftertheSuezCanalreconstruction?A.Itisfrombadtoworse. B.Itremainsthesame.C.Itimprovesagreatdeal. D.Ithasbecomeacompletelynewone.15.WhydidGalilmentionclimatechange,pollutionandover-fishinginparagraph5?A.Toaddsomebackgroundinformation. B.Tostresstheharmofinvasivespecies.C.Tosolvetheproblemofinvasivespecies. D.Tocomparetheirsimilaritiesanddifferences.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了由于蘇伊士運(yùn)河的加寬所導(dǎo)致的外來(lái)生物入侵對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厣?、環(huán)境和人們生活的影響?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段的“IthelpedspeedworldtradebetweentheEastandtheWest.Buttheman-madewaterwayhasalsohelpedspeedtheriseofotherthings,suchasinvasive(入侵的)non-nativespecies(物種).ScientistssaytheinvasivecreatureshavedamagedtheMediterranean’senvironmentandcausednativespeciestodisappear.”可知，蘇伊士運(yùn)河的影響是雙重的，一方面加速了東西方的貿(mào)易，但是另一方面也帶了了外來(lái)生物入侵，破壞了地中海環(huán)境，導(dǎo)致了當(dāng)?shù)厣锏南觯訠選項(xiàng)“事物都有兩面性”符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段的“The“NewSuezCanal”hasraisedconcernsinEuropeandbroughtdisagreementfrommanyMediterraneancountries.”（“新蘇伊士運(yùn)河”引發(fā)了歐洲的擔(dān)憂，并引發(fā)了許多地中海國(guó)家的分歧。）可知，地中海國(guó)家對(duì)新蘇伊士運(yùn)河是持不贊同態(tài)度的，所以D選項(xiàng)“反對(duì)”符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段的“Shesaysmuchoftheecological(生態(tài)的)damagecannotberepaired.”（她說(shuō)，許多生態(tài)破壞無(wú)法修復(fù)。）及第三段的“ShenotedthatthewideninganddeepeningoftheSuezCanalhascreateda“movingaquarium”ofspecies.Thesecreaturescouldmakecoastalwatersalmostunusableforhumanbeings.”（她指出，蘇伊士運(yùn)河的拓寬和加深已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)“移動(dòng)水族館”的物種。這些生物會(huì)使沿海水域幾乎無(wú)法供人類使用。）可知，蘇伊士運(yùn)河的重修破壞了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)和水環(huán)境，可推斷蘇伊士運(yùn)河的重修對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)環(huán)境造成了不好的影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段的“Shearguesthatthenewspecieshavecausedamajor“restructuring”oftheenvironment.Thishasendangerednativespecies.”可知，Galil提及氣候變化、污染和過(guò)度捕撈，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，外來(lái)生物入侵的危害是相似的，會(huì)危及當(dāng)?shù)匚锓N的生存。故選B項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】本篇文章題型都是推理判斷題，對(duì)考生而言難度稍大，需要學(xué)生能夠真正理解文章并在此基礎(chǔ)上合理推斷。其中第1小題提醒考生，平時(shí)要注意積累一些常見(jiàn)習(xí)語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)，做到能夠理解和運(yùn)用。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).WhereDoMosquitoes(蚊子)GoinWinter?Whydomosquitoes,everywhereinwarmermonths,disappearcompletelyinwinter?____16____Mosquitoesarecold-bloodedinsects,meaningthattheydon’tlikethecoldandprefertemperaturesthatare80degrees.Fahrenheitormore.Whenthetemperaturedrops,theyactuallylosetheirabilitytoflyandbecomemotionless.____17____Theywouldneverbeabletoflyfarenough.Theactualanswertothequestionisdifferentformaleandfemalemosquitoes.Malemosquitoes?Theydie.Butthat’snotjustbecauseofthecold.Malemosquitoeshavefarshorterlifespans(壽命)thanfemales,andtheydieinautumn.Femalemosquitoes,though,canlivethroughthewinter.Theyhibernate(冬眠).Inautumn,thefemaleswillgointohollowlogsorcracksinthegroundandenterthisstillstate.____18____Theyputofftheirdevelopment,typicallyformonths.Whenitwarmsupagain,thefemaleswillcomeoutfromhibernation.Atthispoint,they’regettingreadytolaytheireggsandtheyneedasmuchbloodaspossibletohelptheeggsdevelop.Thefemalesmustfindabloodmealtoprovidetheprotein(蛋白質(zhì))neededbytheireggstodevelop,justinthetime,whenhumansareoutdoorsinshortsleevesenjoyingthewarmingweather.____19____Itactuallydoesn’thavetobewhatwehumanswouldconsider“cold”toputamosquitoindanger.Whilethesepestsliveactivelywhenit’saround80degreesF,mostspeciescanstartheadingintohibernationwhenitdropstoaround50.____20____Thisiswhenfemalemosquitoesstartlookingforaplaceforsleep.A.Theobviousansweristhatit’scold.B.Nowit’stimeformalemosquitoestowakeup.C.It’sonlythefemalemosquitoesthatarebitingyou.D.Unlikebirds,mosquitoesdon’tflysouthforthewinter.E.Anythingbelow50degreesisalreadytoocoldformostmosquitoes.F.Theycarryonwithlifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfortheirneeds.G.Theycanhibernateforuptosixmonthsinfreezingorwaterlessconditions.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.C20.E【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了蚊子在冬天的行動(dòng)軌跡及原因?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whydomosquitoes,everywhereinwarmermonths,disappearcompletelyinwinter?”詢問(wèn)為什么冬天蚊子消失，而溫暖的月份蚊子到處都是？，而A項(xiàng)“顯然是因?yàn)楹洹眲t是前句的答案，前后句一問(wèn)一答。故選A項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theywouldneverbeabletoflyfarenough.”它們永遠(yuǎn)飛不了那么遠(yuǎn)，而D項(xiàng)“不像小鳥(niǎo)，蚊子不會(huì)冬天飛到南方去。”承接下文。故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theyhibernate(冬眠).”蚊子是冬眠的，而G項(xiàng)“它們可以在冰凍或無(wú)水的條件下冬眠長(zhǎng)達(dá)6個(gè)月”與其前后照應(yīng)，句中hibernate為關(guān)鍵詞。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thefemalesmustfindabloodmealtoprovidetheprotein(蛋白質(zhì))neededbytheireggstodevelop,justinthetime,whenhumansareoutdoorsinshortsleevesenjoyingthewarmingweather.”可知母蚊子必須找血液提供蛋白質(zhì)以便繁殖，這個(gè)季節(jié)，人們開(kāi)始穿半袖。而C項(xiàng)“這個(gè)時(shí)候只有母蚊子叮咬你?！迸c前句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whilethesepestsliveactivelywhenit’saround80degreesF,mostspeciescanstartheadingintohibernationwhenitdropstoaround50.”和后文“Thisiswhenfemalemosquitoesstartlookingforaplaceforsleep.”可知大部分的生物在溫度低于50度時(shí)，開(kāi)始冬眠，這時(shí)候母蚊子也開(kāi)始尋找冬眠的地方，而E項(xiàng)“任何低于50度的地方對(duì)于蚊子來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)太冷了”在該句中為過(guò)渡句。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A,B,C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Apolicemanmovedalongthestreet.Nearthedoorofadarkshopamanwas___21___.“It’sallright,officer,”hesaid.“I’mBryanandwaitingforafriend.Twentyyearsagoweagreedto____22____heretonight.”Bryanappearedwealthywithalarge____23____jewelinhisnecktie(領(lǐng)結(jié)).“JimmyWellsandI____24____togetherhereinNewYork,liketwo____25____.ThenextmorningIwastostartfortheWest.Iwasgoingtofinda____26____andmakeagreatsuccess.Weagreedthatnightthatwewouldseeeachotherhereagainintwentyyears.”“Ihopeyourfriendcomesallright.”thepolicemansaidtoBryanandthen____27____.Abouttwenty-minuteshe____28____,andthenatallmaninalongcoatcameacrossthestreet.Hewent____29____tothewaitingman.“Isthatyou,Bryan?”heasked,uncertainly.“Isthatyou,JimmyWells?”criedBryanatthedoor.ThenewmantookBryan’s_____30_____inhis.“It’sBryan!”Thetwomenstartedwalkingalongthestreet,arminarm.Bryanstoppedsuddenlyatashopbrightwithlightsand_____31_____hisarmaway.“You’renotJimmyWells,”hesaid.“You’vebeenunderarrestfortenminutes,Bryan.Areyou_____32_____withmequietly?Thatis_____33_____.ButfirsthereissomethingIwasaskedto_____34_____you.Youmayreadithereatthewindow.It’sfroma_____35_____namedWells.”Bryanopenedthelittlepieceofpaper.Hebeganto_____36_____asheread.“Bryan:Iwasattheplace_____37_____.Isawthefaceofthemanwantedasa(n)_____38_____byChicagopolicemen.Ididn’twantto_____39_____youmyself.SoIwentandgotanotherpolicemanand_____40_____himtodothejob.JIMMY.”21.A.observing B.screaming C.standing D.escaping22.A.argue B.meet C.debate D.shop23.A.valuable B.horrible C.dull D.local24.A.tookoff B.fedup C.watchedout D.grewup25.A.brothers B.hunters C.explorers D.actors26.A.spirit B.job C.solution D.trick27.A.reacted B.forgave C.defended D.left28.A.waited B.behaved C.advanced D.considered29.A.faithfully B.directly C.elegantly D.rudely30.A.head B.shoulders C.hands D.fingers31A.threw B.put C.pulled D.hid32.A.coming B.connecting C.joining D.dealing33.A.convenient B.sensitive C.reliable D.wise34.A.transport B.give C.award D.buy35.A.journalist B.shopkeeper C.policeman D.businessman36.A.shake B.laugh C.announce D.perform37.A.insomeways B.intheflesh C.onpurpose D.ontime38.A.employee B.thief C.educator D.partner39.A.conduct B.evaluate C.arrange D.arrest40.A.advised B.warned C.sent D.motivated【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.C32.A33.D34.B35.C36.A37.D38.B39.D40.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講敘了Bryan遵守承諾，在二十年前和好朋友Wells分別的地方去等他，但是Bryan犯了罪，而Wells卻成了警察，Wells為了不親自逮捕他，而派了另一個(gè)警察來(lái)逮捕他的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一家黑漆漆的店門邊，站著一個(gè)男人。A.observing觀察；B.screaming尖叫；C.standing站立；D.escaping逃跑。結(jié)合上文Nearthedoorofadarkshopamanwas可知這個(gè)男人站在（standing）一家店門邊。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：20年前我們約定今晚在這里見(jiàn)面。A.argue爭(zhēng)論；B.meet見(jiàn)面，遇見(jiàn)；C.debate辯論；D.shop購(gòu)物。結(jié)合上文Twentyyearsagoweagreedto可推知Bryan和朋友二十年前約定二十年后在這里見(jiàn)面。故選B。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Bryan的領(lǐng)帶上戴著一顆巨大的貴重珠寶，顯得很富有。A.valuable有價(jià)值的；B.horrible可怕的；C.dull遲鈍的；D.local當(dāng)?shù)氐?。結(jié)合上文Bryanappearedwealthy可知Bryan的領(lǐng)帶上戴著一顆巨大的貴重珠寶，顯得很富有。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：JimmyWells和我一起在紐約長(zhǎng)大，就像兄弟一樣。A.tookoff起飛；B.fedup厭倦；C.watchedout小心；D.grewup長(zhǎng)大。結(jié)合后文togetherhereinNewYork可知Bryan是和Wells一起在紐約長(zhǎng)大（grewup）的，故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：JimmyWells和我一起在紐約長(zhǎng)大，就像兄弟一樣。A.brothers兄弟；B.hunters獵人；C.explorers探險(xiǎn)家；D.actors演員。結(jié)合上文可知Bryan是和Wells一起在紐約長(zhǎng)大的，所以他們倆像兄弟一樣親密。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我要找份工作，取得巨大的成功。A.spirit精神；B.job工作；C.solution解決方案；D.trick詭計(jì)。根據(jù)后文andmakeagreatsuccess.可知Bryan去西部為了找工作，取得成功。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我希望你的朋友能平安歸來(lái)?！本鞂?duì)Bryan說(shuō)，然后離開(kāi)了。A.reacted反應(yīng)；B.forgave原諒；C.defended辯護(hù)；D.left離開(kāi)。結(jié)合后文SoIwentandgotanotherpoliceman可知這名警察就是Wells，他離開(kāi)了，讓另一名警察來(lái)和Bryan相認(rèn)，并抓捕Bryan。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他等了大約20分鐘，然后一個(gè)穿著長(zhǎng)外套的高個(gè)子男人穿過(guò)街道。A.waited等待；B.behaved行為；C.advanced前進(jìn)；D.considered考慮。根據(jù)上文Abouttwenty-minuteshe可知Bryan等了大約20分鐘。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他直接向等候的男人走去。A.faithfully忠實(shí)地；B.directly直接地；C.elegantly優(yōu)美地；D.rudely粗魯?shù)?。根?jù)后文thewaitingman.“Isthatyou,Bob?”heasked可知這個(gè)男人直接朝著B(niǎo)ryan走去，問(wèn)他是不是Bryan。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：新來(lái)的人握住Bryan的手。A.head頭；B.shoulders肩膀；C.hands手；D.fingers手指。來(lái)人和Bryan相認(rèn)了，因此是握住了Bryan的手。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Bryan突然在一家燈火通明的商店前停下，把胳膊拉開(kāi)。A.threw扔；B.put放置；C.pulled拉；D.hid隱藏。結(jié)合后文hisarmaway.“You’renotJimmyWells,”hesaid.可知Bryan認(rèn)出對(duì)方不是Wells，于是把對(duì)方的手拉了下來(lái)。pullaway“拉掉”。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你要悄悄地跟我來(lái)嗎？A.coming來(lái)；B.connecting連接；C.joining加入；D.dealing處理。根據(jù)上文You’vebeenunderarrestfortenminutes可知Bryan已經(jīng)被警察逮捕了，因此此處是讓他和自己來(lái)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那才是明智的做法。A.convenient方便的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.reliable可靠的；D.wise明智的。結(jié)合上文，可知Bryan已經(jīng)被警察逮捕了，他只能和警察走，這才是明智的做法。其它選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但首先我要給你一件東西。A.transport運(yùn)輸；B.give給；C.award授予；D.buy購(gòu)買。根據(jù)后文Bryanopenedthelittlepieceofpaper.可知警察給了Bryan一張紙條。故選B。35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：是一個(gè)叫Wells的警察寫的。A.journalist記者；B.shopkeeper店主；C.policeman警察；D.businessman商人。根據(jù)后文SoIwentandgotanotherpoliceman可知Wells就是警察，信是Wells寫的。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他一邊讀，一邊開(kāi)始發(fā)抖。A.shake發(fā)抖，搖晃；B.laugh笑；C.announce宣布；D.perform表演。結(jié)合后文可知Bryan從紙條上得知了剛剛的警察就是Wells的事實(shí)，忍不住一邊讀一邊發(fā)抖（shake）。其它選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了那個(gè)地方。A.insomeways在某些方面；B.intheflesh本人；C.onpurpose故意地；D.ontime按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)。根據(jù)上文，可知一開(kāi)始和Bryan說(shuō)話的那個(gè)人就是Wells，所以他是準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了那個(gè)地方。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到了芝加哥警察通緝的小偷的臉。A.employee員工；B.thief小偷；C.educator教育家；D.partner伙伴。根據(jù)后文byChicagopolicemen可知Bryan是警察通緝的罪犯了，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)只有B選項(xiàng)thief“小偷”是罪犯。故選B。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想親自逮捕你。A.conduct實(shí)施；B.evaluate評(píng)價(jià)；C.arrange安排；D.arrest逮捕。根據(jù)上文可知Wells就是警察，因此此處指的是他不想親自逮捕Bryan。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我去找了另一個(gè)警察，派他去做這件事。A.advised建議；B.warned警告；C.sent派，寄出；D.motivated使產(chǎn)生動(dòng)機(jī)。根據(jù)后文himtodothejob.可知Wells派了另一個(gè)警察來(lái)抓捕Bryan。sendsb.todosth.“派某人去做某事”。故選C。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Speakingofextremesports,whatcomeintoourmindare___41___(activity)fullofexcitementandadventure.Extremesportscanofferyouthefreedomof___42___(challenge)yourselfphysicallyandpsychologically(在心理上)toperformfeats(壯舉)orevenmakeyoufeelsick.Asaresult,manypeopleregardextremesports,likebungeejumping,___43___aspecialattempt(嘗試)ratherthanakindofsport.However,inmyopinion,gettinginvolvedinanextremesportis___44___greatway,notonlytohavefun,bu