中考英語語法專項(xiàng)-賓語從句課件

ObjectClause

（賓語從句）

英語句子的種類簡(jiǎn)單句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)復(fù)合句(complexsentence)英語句子概論簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型Theweatherisverycold.主語+謂語（連系動(dòng)詞）+表語Helaughed.主語+謂語（vi.）Ilike

Chinesefood.主語+謂語(vt.)+賓語Shetaught

them

physics.主語+謂語(vt.)+間接賓語+直接賓語Wemustkeeptheroomwarm.主語+謂語(vt.)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語

1.You'dbetterstartearly,oryouwillbelate.2.Jimstudiedhardallthetime,andhepassedtheexamscuccessfully.3.Iknowwherehelives,butIdon'tknowtheexactaddress.4.Ihaveneverheardofthebook,soIknownothingaboutit.并列句:簡(jiǎn)單句+and\or\but\so+簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句:主句+從句名詞性從句定語從句狀語從句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome.定語從句狀語從句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica.（賓語從句）名詞性從句---1.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.2.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.賓語從句表語從句

在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞,在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等名詞性從句：ObjectClauses

賓語從句什么是賓語？Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Whydon’tyoupayattentiontome?Ienjoyworkingwithyou.

賓語位于謂語動(dòng)詞或者介詞后

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主語謂語賓語（簡(jiǎn)單句）主語謂語賓語從句連接詞從句主語從句謂語

主句（復(fù)合句）句子做賓語就是賓語從句，跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語序時(shí)態(tài)

引導(dǎo)詞

句子類型that陳述句一般疑問句If/whether（是否）特殊疑問詞特殊疑問句

賓語從句的連接詞：

類別

關(guān)聯(lián)詞

特點(diǎn)１.從屬連詞that,whether/if只起連接作用，不充當(dāng)從句成分。２.連接代詞who,whom,what，which,whose起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語或賓語或定語３.連接副詞when,where,how，why起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)狀語。一、連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）

1.當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)that從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能?。唬?）當(dāng)that作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句Everyoneknewwhathappenedand

thatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.2.當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，“是否”，不能省略Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.a.當(dāng)有ornot時(shí)就用whether,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.

Iworryabout

whetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別Practicetimeif/whether

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether3.當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時(shí)，由疑問詞（what,who,whom,which；whose；

when,where,how,why等）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡栐~在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhen/wherewearrived.Iaskedhimwhere/how/whyIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho\whom\whatwehavetosee.二、時(shí)態(tài)1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等）Iknowheliveshere.(live)Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.(live)Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.(come)Theteacherasked

Iwaslatetoday.Doyoustillremember

hesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknow

theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme

countryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknow

yourhometownis.Nooneknows

theyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoever…whywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow2.如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）Iknewwholivedhere.(live)Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.(talkwith)Hewaswonderingwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.(comeback)Hesaidthathehadseenit.(see)3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.(travel)1.Mikeinsistedthatwe_________________(be)lateforschool.2.Thedoctororderedthatshe_____________(stay)inbedforafewdays.(should)notbe(should)stay注意：在下列動(dòng)詞接that從句中用“should+動(dòng)原”一個(gè)“堅(jiān)持”insist（堅(jiān)持要）兩個(gè)“命令”command,order(命令）

三個(gè)“建議”suggest,propose,advise四個(gè)“要求”request,ask,demand,require三、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：主句＋連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分I’mwonderingwhatshewantstoeat.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgoto

thelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegoto

thelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewantto

buy.Idon’tknowwhathewantsto

buy.否定的轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idon’tthinkyouareright.

我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。我認(rèn)為你是錯(cuò)的。

Idon’tbelieveyoucanfinishtheworktoday.

我認(rèn)為你今天無法完成工作。

1.Wewonderhowweshalldonext.2.Couldyoutellmewherearetheyhavingapicnic?3.IamsorrythatIdon’tknowyouwantto

takepartinthecompetition.whatdidn’ttheyareExercise:correctornot4.Ididn’tknowthatyouwillcome.5.Hesaidthatheiswritingastory.6.Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive?7.YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules.____would___was______hewill______________EnglishhasExercise:multical-choice1.Idon’tknow____wecanliveontheislandwithoutfood.A.whereBwhatChowDthat2.Couldyoutellme___________________?Awhereisthepark?Bwho’sonduty?Cwhosebookisthis?Dwhataretheydoing?3Theteachertoldusthattheearth_____aroundthesun.AmovedBmovesCmoveDmoving4.Ididn’tknowthatMr.Smith______yet.hasreturnedBhasreturnedChadreturnedDreturned5.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.Wedon’tknow______theydid.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which

BBCCACMissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool語序必須先主語后謂語。主句為過去時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。2.Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome)hewasa.賓語從句的助動(dòng)詞要去掉.

主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句出現(xiàn)yesterday的過去時(shí)間，因此從句用過去時(shí)。hedid3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.whatwasthematterwithhergoes

從句內(nèi)容為真理時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。what在這里既做引導(dǎo)詞，也做主語。仍用疑問句語序。who..,whichis…同理。6.I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.whetherb.只能用whether:(1)與

ornot連用(2)不定式前：whether+todo(3)介詞

+whether…7.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.主語+形容詞，賓語從句用that引導(dǎo).a.賓語從句不能同時(shí)用兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞?！?.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoishe

B.whoheis

C.whoisit

D.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_______thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadput

B.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasput

D.wherehasAliceput

即時(shí)練習(xí)1.--Canyoumakesure_______?--Sorry,Ican’t.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego

2.Iwantedtoknow_________.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlateCC3.Heisnotsure_______towatchTVorgotobed.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./4.Idon’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./BBhowtodoit與whattodo的區(qū)別D

7.--Couldyoutellme_________?--It’snexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.whereisthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwasAcould表示委婉的語氣,不是過去時(shí)8.Couldyoutellme___________it.A.whatcanIdoB.howcanIdoC.whattodoD.howtodo特殊用法59.Mike_________bullyingothers_______.thinks,isn’trightthink,isn’trightdon’tthink,isright.doesn’tthink,isright若從句為否定句，主句謂語是think,believe,guess,suppose等詞時(shí),要否定前移D高考鏈接（09海南）CouldIspeakto

isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.who B.whatC.whoeverD.whatever（10四川）Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravelingdependslargelyon__hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why(10全國(guó))Wehaven’tdiscussedyet__wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where(10湖南)Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneinthe