高考英語動(dòng)詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)干貨

1/23高考英語動(dòng)詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)干貨易混淆的

todo和doing

1

只跟不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞/短語

affordtodo付得起(錢)/花得起(時(shí)間)做某事agreetodo同意做某事appear/seemtodo好像...applytodo申請/報(bào)名做某事arrangetodo安排/籌劃做某事asktodo要求做某事begtodo懇求/乞求做某事choosetodo選擇做某事decidetodo決定做某事demandtodo要求做某事determinetodo決心做某事expecttodo期盼做某事failtodo未能做某事feartodo害怕做某事happentodo碰巧做某事help(to)do幫助做某事hopetodo希望做某事learntodo學(xué)習(xí)做某事longtodo

渴望做某事managetodo設(shè)法做成了某事offertodo主動(dòng)提出做某事plantodo計(jì)劃做某事preparetodo準(zhǔn)備做某事pretendtodo假裝做某事promisetodo承諾做某事refusetodo拒絕做某事wanttodo想要做某事wishtodo希望做某事wouldliketodo想要做某事makeadecisiontodo決定做某事makeupone’smindtodo下定決心做某事wouldprefertodo寧愿做某事do/tryone’sbesttodo盡最大努力做某事makeanattempttodo企圖/妄圖做某事makeanefforttodo努力做某事sparenoefforttodo不遺余力地做某事goallouttodo竭盡全力做某事

2

只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞/短語

acknowledgedoing承認(rèn)做過某事admitdoing承認(rèn)做過某事advisedoing建議做某事allowdoing允許做某事appreciatedoing樂意/感激做某事avoiddoing避免做某事beardoing忍受做某事considerdoing考慮做某事delaydoing延遲做某事denydoing否認(rèn)做過某事dislikedoing憎恨做某事enjoydoing享受做某事escapedoing逃避做某事fancydoing想要做某事finishdoing完成某事forbiddoing禁止做某事forgivedoing原諒某事imaginedoing想象做某事keepdoing保持/持續(xù)做某事mentiondoing提及做某事minddoing介意做某事missdoing錯(cuò)過做某事pardondoing原諒做某事permitdoing允許做某事practisedoing訓(xùn)練做某事quitdoing停止做某事riskdoing冒險(xiǎn)做某事suggestdoing建議做某事understanddoing理解做某事can’tstanddoing不能忍受做某事giveupdoing放棄做某事feellikedoing想要做某事insistondoing堅(jiān)持做某事keepondoing

繼續(xù)做某事putoffdoing推遲做某事

3

后接todo與后接doing意義區(qū)別不大的動(dòng)詞

lovetodo/lovedoing喜愛做某事liketodo/likedoing喜歡做某事begintodo/begindoing開始做某事starttodo/startdoing開始做某事hatetodo/hatedoing不喜歡做某事prefertodo/preferdoing偏愛做某事

4

后接doing相當(dāng)于接tobedone的動(dòng)詞

needdoing=needtobedone需要被...wantdoing=wanttobedone需要被...requiredoing=requiretobedone需要被...

5

后接todo與后接doing意義不同的動(dòng)詞

goontodo繼續(xù)做另一件事goondoing繼續(xù)做某件事stoptodo停止(原來的事)去做另一件事stopdoing停止做某事remembertodo記得要做某事(尚未做)rememberdoing記得曾做過某事(曾做過)forgettodo忘記要做某事(未做)forgetdoing忘記曾做過的事(曾做過)regrettodo(如tosay/totell)

很遺憾地做某事regretdoing后悔曾做過某事trytodo努力做某事trydoing嘗試著做某事meantodo打算/有意做某事meandoing意味著做某事can’thelp(to)do不能幫忙做某事can’thelpdoing禁不住做某事過去分詞加介詞搭配

1

“be+過去分詞+介詞”的三種運(yùn)用規(guī)律（以beexposedto

為例）（1）做主語時(shí)整體保留，變be為being。Beingexposedto

drugsisharmfultoourhealth.（2）做謂語時(shí)，正常使用。Insummer,we

areexposedto

strongsunshine.（3）做狀語時(shí)，去be就是答案。Exposedto

drugs,thesingerlooksterrible.

2

中學(xué)階段常見的“be+過去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)匯編

bedevotedto專心致志于；奉獻(xiàn)于beimpressedwith/by

對印象深刻beaccustomed/adjustedto

習(xí)慣于beequippedwith裝備著；配備著belostin迷失于；沉浸于beburiedin

埋頭于beabsorbedin

全神貫注于beoccupiedwith

忙于beengagedin

全身投入于bebasedon基于；在...基礎(chǔ)上beinvolvedin/with參與；牽涉到beexposedto暴露于；接觸beconnected/linked/relatedto

與...有聯(lián)系beassociatedwith

與...有聯(lián)系bemadeof

由...制成betrapped/stuck/caughtin

陷于...之中beseatedat/in/on

坐在bedressedin

穿著...besetin

背景設(shè)置在...beaimedat

旨在becoveredwith

覆蓋著...beaddictedto

對...上癮befilledwith

充滿著...becrowdedwith

擠滿著...beknownfor

因...而聞名betiredwith/of

對...身體累/心理累beinterestedin

對...感興趣bepleasedwith

對...滿意beconcerned/worriedwith

對...擔(dān)憂besatisfiedwith

對...滿意befedupwith

對...厭惡befacedwith

面臨著...belocated/situatedin/on

位于/坐落于bearmedwith武裝著；配備著beadaptedto適應(yīng)；習(xí)慣于bedecoratedwith

裝飾著...becomparedwith/to

與...相比bepreparedfor

為...做好準(zhǔn)備beburdenedwith肩負(fù)著；負(fù)擔(dān)著befurnishedwith

配備著beintended/designedfor專為...而設(shè)計(jì)；專為...提供beregarded/treatedas

被認(rèn)為...;被當(dāng)作及物不及物一體動(dòng)詞1)

answer

aquestion回答2)

approve

abill批準(zhǔn)approveof

aplan贊成3)

ask

Tom問/請askfor

money索要4)

attend

ameeting參加attend

school/church上/參加attendto

hiswork專心于attendto

apatient照顧/護(hù)理5)

benefitsb.對...有益benefitfrom

sports得益于...6)build

friendship/ahouse建立/建設(shè)

buildup

confidence/mybody/hope

增強(qiáng)自信/體質(zhì)/希望7)

consist

ateam組成/構(gòu)成consistof

4doctorsand3nurses

由...組成/構(gòu)成8)

contribute

money貢獻(xiàn)/捐贈contributeto

ourfailure/health

導(dǎo)致/有助于9)

decide

theoutcome決定了結(jié)果decideon

adate/item選定10)

doharmto

ourhealth對...有害

beharmfulto

ourhealth對...有害

harm

ourhealth對...有害11)

feed

Tom/apet喂食

feedon

rice以...為主食12)

find

apen找到

findout

theschedule搞清楚，弄明白13)

astone

hit

me擊中

agoodidea

hit

me使(某人)想起

I

hiton/upon

agoodidea突然想起14)

hear

Tom/anEnglishsong聽見，聽到

hearof

Tom/thenews聽說

hearfrom

sb.

收到某人來信/得知某人音信15)

hold

aparty舉行

holdout

hishand伸出

holdup

theroof支撐(重量)16)

join

us/aclub加入(人/組織)

joinin

abasketballmatch加入(活動(dòng))17)

lead

sb./theway帶領(lǐng)

leadto

anaccident導(dǎo)致18)

learn

English學(xué)習(xí)

learnabout/of

herarrival獲悉，得知

learnfrom

sb.向...學(xué)習(xí)

learnfrom

themistake從...中吸取教訓(xùn)19)

leave

Hefei離開

leavefor

Hefei離開某地赴...20)

live

arichlife過著...生活

liveon

fishing以...為生

livein

Hefei

在(某地)居住21)

operate

amachine操作

operateon

apatient給...動(dòng)手術(shù)22)

pay

money/200yuan付(錢)

payfor

ameal為某物/事付錢23)

pick

anapple采摘

pickup

撿起，順道購買/染上/偶學(xué)/有起色/接收信號24)

reach

Hefei到達(dá)

reachto

thefootofthehill延伸到

reachfor

hisgun伸手去拿25)

read

astory閱讀

readabout/of

sb./sth.閱讀關(guān)于26)

return

money歸還(某物)

returnto

Hefei回到(某地)27)

search

abox搜(某處)

searchfor

agun搜尋(某目標(biāo)物)28)

showsb.sth.

showsth.tosb.給某人看

showup出席，出現(xiàn)，出場29)

speak

English說

speakto

Mary與(某人)說話

speakabout/of

thematter/sb.

談及，提到30)

see

sb./sth.看見

seeto

sth.打理/注意某事31)

suffer

loss/pain遭遇(結(jié)果)

sufferfrom

earthquake/cancer

遭受(源頭)32)

take攜帶,拿,服(藥),(吸)熱

takeover

接管33)

visit

Nanjing參觀/拜訪

payavisitto

Nanjing參觀/拜訪34)

watch

afilm觀看

watchover

thehouse看護(hù)，監(jiān)督系動(dòng)詞

1

為什么要了解系動(dòng)詞？系動(dòng)詞，又名連系動(dòng)詞(linkverb)，顧名思義，它在句中起“連接作用”--前面連接主語、后面連接表語，形成“主-系-表”結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，不了解系動(dòng)詞，英語學(xué)習(xí)者就無從知道什么叫表語/表語從句，進(jìn)而對英語語言的基本架構(gòu)都搞不清楚。

2

系動(dòng)詞有哪些？1）第一系動(dòng)詞--譯作“是”的be動(dòng)詞其變體形式包括:am/is/are/was/were/hasbeen/havebeen/hadbeen例如:Iama

student.（名詞做表語）YaoMingis

tall.（形容詞做表語）2）譯作“變得”的動(dòng)詞其包括：get--getold（變老）turn--turngreen（變綠）go--gobad（變壞）fall--fallill/asleep（生病了/睡著了）become--becomedifficult（變難了）grow--growbored（變膩了）come-cometrue（成真）run--rundry（變干）3）譯作“...起來”的感官動(dòng)詞look--看起來Shelookspale.sound--聽起來Thebackgroundmusicsoundsbeautiful.taste--嘗起來Thefoodheretastesyummy.smell--聞起來Yoursneakerssmellterrible.feel--摸起來;感覺Theballfeelssmooth.Thewaterfeelswarm.4）譯作“保持”的動(dòng)詞keep--keepsilent（保持沉默）stay--staycalm（保持冷靜）remain--remainstill（保持不動(dòng)）5）譯作“好像、貌似”的動(dòng)詞seem--好像Youseemhappy.appear--顯得；看起來Sheappearedsurprisedatthenews.6）譯作“結(jié)果、結(jié)果竟然”的動(dòng)詞其包括：prove,turnoutHistheoryprovedtobetrue.Theexperimentturnedoutsuccessful.

3

系動(dòng)詞怎么考？1)系動(dòng)詞本身無被動(dòng)態(tài)Thesong

issounded

soft.(×)Thesong

sounds

soft.(√)2)系動(dòng)詞后面跟形容詞做表語，而不是副詞Thesongsoundssoftly.(×)Thesongsoundssoft.(√)3)

系動(dòng)詞后面跟的從句叫表語從句Thefactis

thatwehavelostthegame.Thepointis

whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.主謂一致

01

謂語動(dòng)詞要與主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致I

am

18,andshe

is

17.There

is

adesk

intheroom.There

are

nochairs

init.

02

兩個(gè)不同的人或事物，由and連接做主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。JimandJack

are

herenow.Apenandanexercisebook

are

readynow.

03

兩個(gè)本質(zhì)上是一個(gè)人或一套設(shè)備的人或物由and連接做主語，謂語用單數(shù)。Thepoetandteacher

is

visitingourschoolnextMonday.Aknifeandfork

is

needed.

04

第一類集體名稱cattle，police，people，majority，crew，staff等做主語，謂語只用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepolice

are

searchingforthethief.

05

第二類集體名詞family，group，army，class，government，committee，team等做主語時(shí)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)整體，用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員，用復(fù)數(shù)。Ourclass

is

onthethirdfloor.Ourclass

are

watchingabaseballgameonTV.

06

不定代詞如anyone，something，nobody，each，every，theother等做主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。Nobody

is

allowedtosmokehere.

07

morethanone+名詞或no+名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。Morethanonestudent

is

interestedinthenovel.Nostudent

shows

interestintheplay.

08

平衡結(jié)構(gòu)eacha/everya/manya/no+名詞單數(shù)+eacha/everya/manya/no+名詞單數(shù)做主語，謂語用單數(shù)。Manyaboyandmanyagirl

has

readthestory.

09

兩個(gè)名詞/代詞由or,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso連接做主語，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)以靠近法確定。Notonlyhisfamilybutalso

he

likes

themovie.Notonlyhebutalso

hisfamily

like

themovie.

10

兩個(gè)名詞或多個(gè)名詞做主語，由with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,like,unlike,not,nolessthan,ratherthan,morethan,including,besides,but（除了），except,asmuchas（和...一樣），inadditionto等詞連接時(shí)，采用就前原則。Theteacheraswellasthestudents

was

excited.Thestudentsaswellastheteacher

were

excited.

11

表示量度，時(shí)間，距離，價(jià)格，金錢，重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞，無論數(shù)量多達(dá)，由于均可用一個(gè)數(shù)字表示，謂語用單數(shù)。Fiftymiles

seems

likealongwalktome.Twohundreddollars

is

enoughfrothetrip.

12

主語從句或動(dòng)名詞或不定式做主語，謂語用單數(shù)。Whathesaid

is

true.Goingcamping

is

fun.Tosee

is

tobelieve.

13

學(xué)科做主語，謂語用單數(shù)。Maths

is

myfavouritesubject.Mathsandphysics

are

hardtolearn.

14

由兩個(gè)形狀一樣的部分構(gòu)成的物品做主語，謂語單復(fù)數(shù)視情況而定。Mybluetrousers

have

beenwashed.A/This/Thatpairoftrousers

is

expensive.Thetwopairsofshoes

look

ugly.

15

定語從句的謂語形式與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。I,who

am

yourfriend,willleaveforCanada.They,who

are

doctors,comeheretohelpus.

16

amumberof（大量的）/themumberof（...的數(shù)量）后跟謂語的情況Anumberof

studentsinourschool

are

workinghard.Thenumberof

studentsattendingthemeetingis1,000.閱讀完形高頻障礙詞匯1．a(chǎn)bnormally

adv.不正常地2．a(chǎn)bundance

n．大量，盛產(chǎn)3．a(chǎn)bsolutely

adv.絕對地4．a(chǎn)ccidentally

adv.偶然地，意外地5．a(chǎn)ccurate

adj.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的6．a(chǎn)cademic

n．大學(xué)教師adj.學(xué)校的，學(xué)院的，學(xué)術(shù)的7．a(chǎn)ccommodation

n．住處；住宿；工作場所8．a(chǎn)cknowledge

v．承認(rèn)，感謝9．a(chǎn)dequate

adj.充足的10．a(chǎn)dvocate

v．支持，擁護(hù)，提倡11．a(chǎn)ffection

n．喜愛12．a(chǎn)ffectionately

adv.充滿關(guān)愛地13．a(chǎn)ggressive

adj.好斗的，志在必得的14．a(chǎn)lternative

adj.可選擇的15．a(chǎn)mbiguous

adj.模棱兩可的，含混不清的16．a(chǎn)mple

adj.足夠的，寬敞的17．a(chǎn)pparently

adv.看來，顯然，據(jù)說18．a(chǎn)ppetite

n．胃口19．a(chǎn)ppreciation

n．欣賞，感激20．a(chǎn)rtificial

adj.人造的，假的21．a(chǎn)wkward

adj.尷尬的22．block

n．大塊；(木、石等)塊；街區(qū)；路障vt.阻塞；阻擋23．boom

v．繁榮；轟鳴；激增n．隆隆聲；(營業(yè)等的)激增；(經(jīng)濟(jì)等的)繁榮24．botanical

adj.植物學(xué)的25．botany

n．植物；植物學(xué)26．bounce

v．使彈起，蹦，上下晃動(dòng)n．彈跳，跳動(dòng)27．brake

n．閘vi.剎車28．branch

n．樹枝；分枝；分公司，分店；分支部，分支機(jī)構(gòu)，分局29．breakthrough

n．重大進(jìn)展，突破30．brochure

n．資料(或廣告)手冊31．campaign

n．運(yùn)動(dòng)；活動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役v．參加運(yùn)動(dòng)；參加競選32．cancel

vt.取消，撤銷33．cargo

n．(船、飛機(jī)等裝載的)貨物34．casual

adj.偶然的，碰巧的；非正式的；臨時(shí)的；不定期的35．catalog

n．目錄(冊)v．編目36．certificate

n．證明，證明書；文憑37．ceremony

n．典禮，儀式38．character

n．特征，特性；性格；角色；人物；(漢)字，字體；品格39．classify

v．把……分類，把……歸類40．compulsory

adj.強(qiáng)制的，必須做的，義務(wù)的41．concentrate

v．專心，集中，聚集于，濃縮n．濃縮物，濃縮液42．concrete

adj.具體的，確實(shí)的43．confirm

v．確認(rèn)，確定；證實(shí)，證明；批準(zhǔn)44．constant

adj.固定的，不變的；連續(xù)不斷的45．consult

v．請教；查閱；商議；咨詢46．continuous

adj.連續(xù)的，持續(xù)的，延伸的47．contradictory

adj.相互矛盾的，不一致的48．conventional

adj.傳統(tǒng)的，慣例的49．convey

v．運(yùn)輸；傳送；表達(dá)；傳遞(思想、感情等)50．convince

v．使確信，使信服，勸服，說服51．critical

adj.批判的；吹毛求疵的；重大的；嚴(yán)重的；關(guān)鍵的52．declare

vt.宣言，聲稱，聲明；斷言53．decline

v．減少，下降，衰退：謝絕，婉拒54．delivery

n．遞送；分娩；生產(chǎn)55．depression

n．沮喪；抑郁；不景氣56．delicate

adj.精美的，易碎的57．dispose

vi.除掉；處置；解決；處理(of)58．distinguish

v．區(qū)分，辨別，使出色59．distinguished

adj.著名的；卓著的；高貴的60．distribute

v．分發(fā)，分配61．drawback

n．缺點(diǎn)，不利因素62．ease

n．安適，悠閑；容易v．減輕；緩和；小心緩慢地移動(dòng)63．electric

adj.電的，電動(dòng)的，用電的64．electrical

adj.電氣科學(xué)的，與電有關(guān)的65．electricity

n．電，電學(xué)，電流66．electronic

adj.電子的，電子器件的67．emergency

n．緊急情況68．endangered

adj.瀕危的；有危險(xiǎn)的69．entertainment

n．娛樂，娛樂節(jié)目；招待70．equality

n．平等71．essential

adj.完全必要的，極其重要的72．estimate

vt.&

n．估計(jì)，估價(jià)，估算73．exactly

adv.確切地，恰好74．explicit

adj.明