初中動詞不定式課件

動詞不定式

即todo，其否定形式是nottodo；不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動詞不定式:一.不定式的句法功能1.It’snormaltocrywhenwefeelsad.(做主語)不定式做主語時,常用代詞it來代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu),這時it被稱為形式主語,而作為句子真正主語的不定式則被后置.往往放v.和adj.之后.e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnEnglishwell.It’s+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.1.不定式做主語：常用句型：It’s+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.

（對某人來說）做某事是怎樣的形式主語真正主語=Toworkouttheproblemisdifficultforme.It’sdifficultformetoworkouttheproblem.=Workingouttheproblemisdifficultforme.e.g.對我來說解答出這道題是很難的。2.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistoreadloudly.(做表語)可與be動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).HerwishistostudyinJiYanMiddleschool.Myjobistocleanthestreets.在形式上，位于系動詞后的就是表語。從含義上講，表語是回答主語“是什么”的語法成分。2.不定式做表語：常放在be動詞后，表明主語“是什么”。e.g.Ourplanistogotherebyplane.我們的計劃是乘飛機去那兒。（主語和表語指代的是同一事物）1.Myjobis_________computers.tosellingB.sellC.tosell2.Herhobbyis______(play)football.toplay=Herhobbyisplayingfootball.3.Iwanttobuyaticket.(做賓語)接動詞不定式作賓語常見的幾個動詞是want,plan,hope,decide,begin,start.need,wait,wouldlike.hate.refuse.wish.prefer,learn.try.like.agree,fail.beabletodo,do/tryone’sbesttodo等.e.g.Theydecidedtotryagain.Thelittleboywantedtogettoschoolbefore8o’clock.3.不定式做賓語：即動詞+todo的結(jié)構(gòu)中，這里的todo就是做賓語1.Myfriendswant________(book)someticketstothemovieforus.2.Myparentsdecide_____(give)memoremoney.3.Heplans_____(go)toBeijingforaholiday.4.Theboyhopes______(pass)theEnglishexam.5.Mylittlesonisable_____(read)somewords.6.I’lltrymybest_____(help)you.7.Shewouldlike_____(become)beautiful.4.KangkanghelpedustolearnEnglish.動詞不定式作賓語補足語,常見的動詞有tell,ask,get,want,wouldlike,wish,teach,help,order

,invite,get,allow,send,lead等.常構(gòu)成下面的句式：V+sb.+todo其否定形式為：V+sb.not+todo(做賓語補足語)Shetoldmenottogivethebooktohim.

IaskedPaultocarrythebox.4.不定式做賓語補足語：即動詞+sb.+todo的結(jié)構(gòu)中，這里的todo就是做賓語補足語1.Don’taskJim___(go)swimmingwithus,becausehismotherwon’tallowhim____(do)so.2.Doesyoumotherwishyou____adoctor?A.beingB.tobeC.become3.Myteacheralwaystellsme____(study)hard.4.Idon’twantyou____(help)me.5.She’dlikeme____(join)them.6.Iwishyou____(have)agoodtime.Mybestfriendsteachme____(swim).8.Herfriendofteninvitesher____(have)dinner.9.Mymotheralwaysgetsmyfather____(do)housework.10.Iorderyou____(wash)yourhands但使役動詞（let.make.have)和感官動詞(see.watch.lookat.hear.feel)的賓補常省略to即：V.+sb.+doHeoftenmakeshissisterwashhisclothes.Iseethelittlegirlrun

intotheschool.1.Whentheywentintothepark,theysawsomeone_____ChineseKongfu.playsB.playedC.toplay2.Mr.Brownmadehisstudents_____thenewwordsagain.copyingB.copyC.tocopy3.Pleaseletthestudents___down.A.sittingB.tositC.sit4.—IsWeiFanggoodatsinging?---Yes,sheis.Weoftenhearher_____inherroom.A.tosingB.singC.sings

5.Igetupearlytocatchthebus.(做目的狀語)不定式作狀語一般表示目的，原因或結(jié)果．Iamsorrytohearthat.Let’sstoptohavearest.Theorangearetoohightoreach.Shedidn’tworkhardenoughtopasstheexam.(表原因)(表目的)(表結(jié)果)5.不定式做狀語：常用來表示目的，原因或結(jié)果。Shesellsflowers___makemoney.A.madeB.makeC.tomake2.Theroomisnotbigenough____.A.toliveinB.forlivingC.tolive3.I’msorry______you.hitB.tohitC.hitting4.Heistooyoung___(go)toschool.6.作定語(后置）Ihavesomething_______﹙要說﹚.2.Shehasalotofwork_______﹙做﹚everyday.3.Theoldmanhasahouse_________﹙住﹚.4.Sheisaniceperson__________﹙談話﹚.tosay

todotoliveintotalkwith6.不定式做定語：用來修飾前面的名詞或者不定代詞。注意：

他在找一個房間住。沒什么可擔心的。

請給我把筆來寫東西。Heislookingforaroomtolivein．Thereisnothingtoworryabout．Pleasegivemeapentowritewith．不定式和賓語之間有時候必須加上相應的介詞，才能構(gòu)成完整的動賓關(guān)系。7.疑問詞+todo構(gòu)成短語。Wedon’tknowwhentoleaveBeijing.Canyoushowmehowtoswim.Hedidn’ttellmewhentoleave.1.JoeisteachingAlice______thechair.howmendB.howmendingC.howtomend2.Idon’tknowwhat____(do)next.3.Couldyoutellmewhen____(have)dinner?8.在學習不定式中,我們需要注意些什么呢?1）記住基本形式:todo否定:nottodo2）todo是非謂語動詞,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,不能充當謂語.但可以和系動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).如:Mydreamistobeadoctor.3）感官動詞see,watch,hear,feel等和使役動詞make,let等接do作賓語補足語時,do稱為不帶to的不定式如:Doyouoftenseehimplaytennisontheplayground?4）充當后置定語時,要特別注意動詞的不定式短語中的介詞不能省去.如:Theoldmanhavenohousetolivein.8.只能跟ving的動詞：finish,enjoy,mind,keep(on),practise,feellike(want),bebusydoing.giveup,lookforwardtodoing,can’thelpdoing,1.Ican’thelp_____(cry).2.Hedidn’tfinish____(do)homework.3.Wouldyoumind____(close)thewindow.4.EverydayMarypractise______(speak)English.5.Kangkangisbusy_____(watch)TVnow.6.Ilookforwardto___(hear)fromyou.7.Theykeep____(play)basketball.8.Mysisterfeelslike______(eat)icecream.9.既可以跟動詞不定式又可以跟Ving的幾組動詞而意思無太大區(qū)別的：liketodolikedoingprefer.hatebeginstart…….10.注意Stoptodo與stopdoing：stoptodo指的是：停下其它的事情，去做不定式的動作。

Wearesotired.Let’sstoptohavearest.我們太累了，讓我們停下來休息一會兒吧。

Stopdoing是指停下來正在做的事情。

Thestudentsstoppedtalkingwhentheteachercamein.

Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped____onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest2.It’stimeforclass,pleasestop________(talk)3.Hestopped_____(say)hellotomewhenhesawme.4.It’stoolate,let’sstop_____(work)5.Hestopped______(cry)whenseeinghismother.Ctalkingtosayworkingcryingremembertodo記得要去做rememberdoing記得曾經(jīng)做過Pleaseremembertobringyourbookwithyoutomorrow.Irememberbringingmybookthismorning.forgetdoing曾經(jīng)做過這件事，但后來忘了forgettodo忘記要做一件事（根本沒做）Ioftenforgettoturnoffthelight,butIrememberturningitofflastnight.1.Don’tforget_____yourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometomorrow.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking2.---Doyoustillremember_____mesomewhereinBeijing?---Yes,ofcourse.Twoyearsago.toseeB.seeC.seeingD.saw3.Remember____________(notbe)latenexttime!溫馨提示11.①findit+adj+todo=find(that)itistodo.

②thinkit…to

do…=think(that)itisadj+todosth.IfounditeasytolearnEnglish.

=IfounditiseasytolearnEnlish.Exercise:Ifeltithard______(give)up______(smoke)12.It’stimetodosth.It’sone’sdutytodosthIt’sone’sturntodosthTaketurnstodosth.IttakessbsometimetodosthItcostssbsomemoneytodosth主語+adjtodosthItcostme5yuan_____(buy)thebookyesterday.Itwilltakehim8minutes____(get)there.Wetaketurns____(clean)theclassroom.4.It’salreadytime_____(stop)_____(discuss)5.It’smyduty____(protect)you13.變被動語態(tài)①makesbdosth.→sbbemadetodosth.Hemakesuslaugh.→Weare