中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞已編輯可直接打印

中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

詞已編輯可直接打印ThedocumentWaSpreparedonJanuary2,20212017年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、定義:在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語(yǔ)以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（它不受人稱和數(shù)的限制），包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞）二、動(dòng)詞不定式（一）.不定式的基本形式:to+V原，不定式的否定形式:notto+V原（二）不定式的句法功能（不定式在句中能作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、狀語(yǔ)）.不定式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),常用it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)不定式置于句末：+be+名詞+todosth.takessb.sometimetodosth+be+形容詞+of/forSb+todoSth當(dāng)形容詞表示人的品質(zhì)時(shí)，用of不用for.（careleSS,clever,good,fooliSh,honeSt,kind,lazy,nice,right,Silly,Stupid,wiSe,clever）.不定式作賓語(yǔ)常與不定式做賓語(yǔ)連用的動(dòng)詞有：wouldlike,want,hope,wiSh,like,decide,plan,learn,pretend,refuSe,.在十皿4,門皿卜后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it代替，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句末。IfinditeaSytoreadEngliSheveryday.常見(jiàn)的一些不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式的用法:Whynotdosth=whydon'tyoudoSthhadbetter（not）doSth,wouldratherdoSth,could/wouldyoupleaSe（not）doSth.不定式作表語(yǔ)Herjobistocleanthehall..不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)want,wish,ask,tell,help,advise,teach,allow,waitfor,invite,wouldlike,enCourage后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)；使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞常用省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，必須加上to.(一感二聽(tīng)三讓四看五幫助)feel,hear,listento,let,make,have,lookat,see,watch,notice,help.不定式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)放在名詞之后；不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，且與所修飾的詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。Hefoundagoodhousetolivein..不定式常與疑問(wèn)詞what,which,when,where,how連用，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。Hedidn’tknowwheretogo.=Hedidn’tknowwhereheshouldgo..只能接不定式動(dòng)詞的口訣:決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能做被用來(lái)做的事,迫不及待下決心做過(guò)去常常未能做的事decidetodosth.決定做某事,want/wouldliketodosth.想做某事,plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某某事，failtodo未能做某事needtodosth.需要做某事，agreetodosth.同意做某事,affordtodo能做某事,beusedtodo被用來(lái)做,can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事,makeUpone'smindtodo下決心做某事,usedtodo過(guò)去常常做某事asksb.todosth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事，tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事,wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todoSth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事，expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事，encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事,promisesb.todo答應(yīng)某人做某事，allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事,helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事三、動(dòng)名詞（一）、動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成:動(dòng)詞原形+-ing（二）、動(dòng)名詞的句法功能（動(dòng)名詞在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)）Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.Stampsareusedforsendingletters.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Sheisinthereadingroom.（三）、常見(jiàn)接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞:喜歡、考慮不可免，停止、放棄大冒險(xiǎn)，介意想象莫推延，要求完成是渴望，建議繼續(xù)勤練，不禁原諒要堅(jiān)持，繼續(xù)注意使成功。（enjoy,consider,avoid,stop,giveup,risk,mind,imagine,putoff,require,finish,lookforwardto,suggest,goon,practice,can’thelp,excuse,insiston,keepon,payattentionto,succeedin）enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事，spend...doingsth.花費(fèi)…做某事，bebusydoingsth.忙于做…imaginesb.doingsth.想象…做某事,can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事，feellikedoingsth.想要做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事,practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事,missdoingsth.錯(cuò)過(guò)做某事suggestdoingsth.建議做某事，keep（on）doingsth.保持（繼續(xù)）做某事,minddoingsth.介意做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事,considerdoingsth.考慮做某事,begoodatdoingsth擅長(zhǎng)做某事beinterestedindoingsth.對(duì)做某事感興趣,beusedfordoingsth.被用來(lái)做某事thanksb.fordoingsth.謝謝某人做某beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事,putoffdoin推遲做某事，keep/stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事，giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事,withoutdoingsth.沒(méi)有做某事，thinkaboutdoingsth.考慮做某事,What/Howaboutdoing做某事怎么樣lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事Payattentiontodoingsth.注意/關(guān)注做某事beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事，preferdoingsthtodoingsth.相比做…，更喜歡做…四、分詞（一）分詞的構(gòu)成:現(xiàn)在分詞的基本形式由動(dòng)詞+-ing構(gòu)成，過(guò)去分詞由動(dòng)詞+-ed構(gòu)成。（二）分詞的句法構(gòu)成:分詞在句中可作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)DoyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetreePleasehandinyourwrittenexercises.Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Seenfromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.Theboyistoofrghtenedtomove.Don’tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.He’llhavehishaircutafterschool.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系；過(guò)去分詞作賓祖去分詞與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。五、動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的區(qū)別todosth忘記去做某事（事未做）todoSth記住去做某事（事未做）todosth打算，想做某事todosth停下來(lái)去做（另一件事）todosth盡力去做某事ontodosth接著做（另外一件事）

的是同一件事）todoSth過(guò)去常常做某事forgetdoingsth忘記做過(guò)某事（事已做）rememberdoingSth記得做了某事（事已做meandoingsth意味著做了某事StopdoingSth停止做某事trydoingSth試著做某事goondoingSth繼續(xù)做某事（前后做beuSedtodoingSth習(xí)慣做某事needdoingSth需要做某事（主語(yǔ)是todoSth需要去做某事（主語(yǔ)是人,表主動(dòng)）

物,表被動(dòng)）六、如何判斷使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞當(dāng)句子缺少謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞就要使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式（體現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)）；當(dāng)句子已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且無(wú)并列連詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞就用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。1Mr.Smithtoldhisson thefootballmatchbecauseoftheexam.（2015呼和浩特）towatchnotwatchwatching'twatch,you'dbetterdrinkmorewaterafter forsuchalongtime.（2015廣州）runparentsdidn'tallowme totheparty.（2015天津）A.goB.togoC.goesD.went'stoocoldyoumind thewindow Certainlyahead.（2015安順）closenot yourfriendsforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.（2015安順）askbeautifulflowers!Ican'tdecide formymom. ForMother'sDay,itcan'tbebettertotakesomeCarnat］。門$（康乃馨）.（2015福州）tochooseB.whichtochoosetochooseyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelightsenergy.（2015泰安）savewastiredout,soIstoppedthecar ashortrest.（2015蘇州）A.haveC.tohaveD.hadourcomingvacation,why goingabroadandseeingtheoutsideworld（2015武威）considerconsider'tthinkthinkyoutalkbacktoyourmotherwhenyouwereachild Yes.ButnowIrealizeIwaswrong.Ireallyregret thatsillythingtomymum.（2015襄陽(yáng)）do'dbette thetestpaperbeforehandingitin.aheadonoffoveraretootired.Let'sstop arest.（2015益陽(yáng)）havereallydon'tknow thisquestion.Itistoohard.（2015自貢）toanswertoanswertoanswerwilltrymybesttostopmysonfrom thesamemistake.（2015重慶A/C卷）jokewassofunnythatitmadehim againandagain.（2015重慶B卷）laughstopped ,buttherewasnotanysound.listentheheadmasternortheteachers takeavacationnextweek.（2015呼和浩特）goingtogoingtogoingtogoingtowouldyouliketohaveforsupper Eithernoodlesorricedon'tmind.（2015安順）exceptMikeandLinda therewhenthemeetingbegan.（2015泰安）million alargenumber.Youcanmakeit .small;smaller;small;smallermanywomendoctorsarethereinyourhospital them overtwenty.（2015益陽(yáng)）numberof;arenumberof;arenumberof;ismanypeoplearethereinyourgroup Four.Threeboys inourgroupthistime.（2015重慶B卷） Sharingyourworrieswithyourparents（2016江蘇泰州）’inthedininghall Ofcoursenot.（2016四川宜賓）problems.（2016四川雅安）thesebooksbefore10o’clock Yes,Ican.（2016四川雅安）toomuchjunkfoodbecauseit'sbadfOrmyhealth.（2016山東臨沂）Walkingupmountains.（2016浙江杭州）inthecoldtowaitforhiswife'sreturn.（2016重慶）arestLet’sgoforawalk.（2016湖南邵陽(yáng)）them.（2016浙江衢州）EnglishWellisVeryimportant”.（2016四川內(nèi)江）hisschoolbag.（2016四川內(nèi)江） mycar山東青島）outofthebathroomwon'tbelong.（2016福建福州）totheparknow Goodidea!Let'sgo.（2016廣東湛江）CampingWithme I’’mbusymyhomework.（2016山東濱州）;;;;doingisLinlinpracticingspeakingEnglish abroadforfurtherstudy.（2016山東泰安） Don''ΠdowhatIcanyou.（2016浙江）offthelightsafterclass.（2016四川南充）.（2016四川涼山）VeryquicklywhentheydosomethinginterestingN2016四川涼山）myparentsaboutyou Metoo.（2016四川廣安）intotheClassroom,theystoppedatonce.（2016湖北黃石）;;;;talkingTony'sgranddaughter,afive-year-oldgirl,askedhimsmoking.（2016上海）alwaysgooutwiththeircameras.（2016上海）Harbin.（2016山東濟(jì)寧）dancingwithher.（2016江西）outforawalk.（2016湖北黃岡）;;;;going'stheboyinwhiteT-shirUnderthetreeMyfriend.（2016貴州安順）WaterWhenhecomesback.（2016貴州安順），WouldyoupleasetheboxIt'sforyoursister.（2016呼和浩特）'sparentsalWaysencourageher outheropinions.（2016遼寧鞍山）London inBeijing.（2016江蘇揚(yáng)州）ateacher.（2016江蘇揚(yáng)州）sothatitcanbereused.（2016江蘇無(wú)錫）thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.（江蘇蘇州）downquietly.（山東濟(jì)南）ChineseDream.（2016湖南株洲）ontheroadbeCauseit'sreallydangerous.（2016廣州） That' anynoise,foryouweresleeping.（2016廣東）hisoldfriendduringhisStayinTianjin.（2016天津）homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.（2016陜西）gettothenearestpostoffice---Sorry,Iamnewhere.（2016山東威海）ChineSeTaiji.（2016山東萊蕪）WordSandeXpreSSionS.（2016哈爾濱）'sdangerous.（2016廣西賀州）’'athometogoingoutforawalk.（2016江蘇徐州）Withtheirteenagechildren.（2016江蘇淮安）inasmallvillage,butnowhehasbeenusedto inabigcity.;;;IiVing（2016湖南益陽(yáng)）arest（2016湖南益陽(yáng)）thewindowIt',notatall.（2016湖南婁底）,too.（2016湖南衡陽(yáng)）others.（2016湖北十堰）ratherthanvonsUcharainyday.（2016湖北孝感）goout,stayathomestayathome,gooutout,stayathomeathome,goout,whymustIstop computergames Foryourhealth,myboy.（2016湖北孝感）湖北襄陽(yáng)） SoI'dratheranhour'swalktoworkthanConsideacar.,,,,driving（2016湖北隨州） Shetoldus 湖北隨州） It,athomethanout.;;;;goWantstohaVehisTV.（2016黑龍江綏化）offthelightsWhenyoUleaVetheroom,please.（2016黑龍江綏化） Ioftenpractice English.（2016黑龍江）thepianoeVeryday.（2016齊齊哈爾）totheriChlandinthesoUthofChina.齊齊哈爾）.（2016齊齊哈爾）.（2016齊齊哈爾）theirsChoolyardthisFridayafternoon.（2016河北）onthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.（2016廣東梅州） WeWeretoldapicnicthisweekend.（2016江蘇南京）inapeacefulcountryside.（2016甘肅白銀） PeopleWastellingajoke.（2016甘肅白銀）Whenhismothercamein.（2016甘肅白銀）honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.（2016甘肅白銀）treesonTreePlantingDay.（2016甘肅白銀）aholidayyet.（2016甘肅白銀）questionsingroups.（2016北京）aCD TryMusicWorldonHuangyuan?Street.浙江義烏）DoyoulikeZhouLibo’stalkshow.（2016山東淄博）byyourgrandmagrowsverywell.（2016廣東茂名）theChinesepeople.（2016廣東茂名）andhavearest,please.（2016廣西貴港）.（2016貴州銅仁）agoodhabit.（2016貴州遵義）outside（2016湖南湘西）湖南湘西）thedoorlt'squitewindyoutside.吉林）motheroftentellsmetheteaCherinclass.（2016遼寧錦州）footballonthestreet.（2016新疆）‘ It'shardformeadecision.（2016貴州）yourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan'tfinish thestorybyyourself.;;;;towrite（2016烏魯木齊）,IamafraidthatIcan’tgetthroughthehardtimewe’rehavingnow. Myboy,bebraveandtellyourself.（2016海南）’theenvironmentandstopthings.（2016海南）;;;;towastedoweeatvegetableseVeryday,Mum healthy,mydear.（2016黑龍江）piano.（2016黑龍江）inthecountrybecausethereisPonutioninthecity.（2016江蘇宿遷）;;;;more'sdangerous acloselookatthetigerinthezoo.（2016江蘇宿遷）next. You'dbetterfinishyourhomeworkfirst.（2016青海）thebus,butnowIamusedtoWalking.（2016青海）someeXercisetokeephealthy.（2016成都）七選五（面對(duì)面P71）NewYear'sResolutionsXuHui,I3,fromShanghaiIn2016,IreallywishthatIcouldmakefriendswithsomeboysinmyclass.Ihavemanyfriends,buttheyareallgirls.Itwillbequitecoolandinterestingtotalkwithboysandplaygameswiththem.1Iwanttoimprovethem.ZhaoYujie,14,fromJiangsuMybiggestresolutionistovolunteermore.Iwanttohelphomelesschildrenandoldpeople.2 SoI'mwillingtodothisandhopeeveryonearoundmewillbehappy.LiLangjing,14,fromFujianInthenewyear,Iwanttotakemoretripswithmyfriends.Especially,IhopeIcangotoXinjiangandTaiwan.3andmeanwhile,IwilltastedelicioussnacksinTaiwan.MaYue,15,fromBeijingMynewyear'swishistogetatickettoaScorpions（蝎子樂(lè)隊(duì)）concert.TheyareaGermanrockband.Ilovetheirmetalmusic.4Idon'twanttomissit.LiYunxiao,15,fromZhejiangIhopethatmyfamilyandIwillhavegoodhealth.That'sthemostimportantthingIthink.Asit'smylastyearinjuniorhighschool,I'dliketoCherish（珍惜）everymomentwithmyclassmates.5ButIwanttomakesweetmemories.What'smore,Iwanttogrowtaller!willhaveaconcertinFebruary.cantakeatriptherertogether.maybeundergreatpressure.thinkit'simportantforustospreadlaughterandwarmthtoothers.thisway,Iwillgetbetterscoresatschool.,mymathandphysicsscoresarenotverygood.reallywanttoclimbthebeautifulTianshanMountainsinXinjiang.七選五（面對(duì)面P76）Inmanybigcitiesintheworld,ma