云南省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷含有答案解析

第頁(yè)云南省高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷(含有答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）學(xué)校:___________班級(jí)：___________姓名：___________考號(hào)：___________一、閱讀理解ThefirstTomatinawasthrowninthesummerof1944or1945duringalocalreligiouscelebration.OnepopularoriginstoryofthistomatothrowingfestivalinSpainrecordshowasingeratthefestivalgaveaperformanceterribleinquality,andthetownspeopleofBu?ol,indisgust,grabbedproducefromnearbycarts,throwingitatthesinger.Anotheraccountdetailshowthetownspeopleexpressedtheirdissatisfactionbyrocketingtomatoesatpoliticalleadersoutsideofthecityhall.GiventheeconomicandpoliticalsituationofSpaininthemid-1940s,bothoftheseretellingsarelikelymorefictionthanfact.Amorebelievableversionisthatafewteenagers,overexcitedbythefestival,eitherknockedoverapasser-bywhohatefullybeganthrowingtomatoesorpickeduptomatoesthathadfallenfromthebedofapassinglorryandthrewthemateachotherjokingly,thusunknowinglycreatingoneofSpain’smostpopularyearlyevents.Whateverthecase,itwasofficiallybannedinthe1950s.In1957,thetownspeopleheldaceremonialtomatoburialtoexpresstheirdisapprovaloftheban.Theyputalargetomatointoacoffin(棺材)andcarrieditthroughthestreetsofthevillageinafuneralprocession.Localauthoritiesthenliftedthebanin1959.Tomatinawastelevisedforthefirsttimein1983,andithasseenparticipationnumbersriseuncontrollablyeversince.In2012,Bu?olbeganrequiringpaymentforentrance.BusesrollintoBu?olintheearlyhoursofthefinalWednesdayinAugust,carryingtouristsfromallovertheworld.Aseriesoflorriesloadedwith,asof2021.morethan319,000poundsoftomatoesdrivesthroughthecrowds,passingoutthevegetableammunition(彈藥).Justimaginethefunofiteveryyear!ThefestivalhasthussparkedimitationcelebrationsinplaceslikeChile,ArgentinaandSouthKorea.1．WhatmightbeasceneatthefirstTomatina?A．Thelocalsblamedadancerforperformingbadly.B．Thefolksattackedtheirreligiousleadersviolently.C．Teenagersfiredofftomatoesattheirfriendsplayfully.D．Teenagersstartedatomatofightwithwalkersfiercely.2．WhichyearmarkedaturningpointforTomatina’spopularity?A．1950. B．1957. C．1959. D．1983.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sparked”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Setoff. B．Lainin. C．Thoughtof. D．Resultedfrom.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Areportonpublicdemandfortomatoes.B．AnintroductiontoaSpanishyearlyevent.C．Differencesinthereactionsatceremonies.D．DisagreementsovertheoriginsofTomatina.Robotscanimprovementalwell-beingintheworkplace,butonlyiftheylookright,researchsuggests.AstudybytheUniversityofCambridgefoundthatpeoplewhointeractedwithrobotsthatweremoretoy-like,feltagreaterconnectioncomparedtohuman-likerobots.Overfiveweeks,26employeestookpartintheweeklyrobot-ledwell-beingsessions.Whiletherobotshadidenticalvoices,facialexpressionsandscriptsforthesessions,theirphysicalappearanceaffectedhowpeopleinteractedwiththemandhoweffectivetheythoughtofthemtobe.Thefirst,theQT,isachildlikehumanoidrobotandroughly90centimeterstall,whilethesecond,Misty,isa36centimeterstalltoy-likerobot.Accordingtotheresearchers,toy-likerobotslooksimpler,meaningpeoplemayhavehadlowerexpectationsandendedupfindingtheroboteasiertotalktoandconnectwith.Thosewhoworkedwiththehumanoidrobotfoundtheirexpectationsdidnotmatchreality,sincetherobotwasnotcapableofbehavingorinteractinglikeanactualhuman.Theseperceptionsofrobotsaretypicallyguidedbypopularculture.Researchersaddedthatinfilms,TVshowsandbooks,robotscandoanythingthatanindividual’simaginationcanthinkof.Butwhenfacedwitharobotintherealworld,peoplefindthatitoftendoesnotliveuptoexpectations.Co-authorofthestudy,MinjaAxelsson,said,“Theseperceptionsofhowrobotsshouldlookorbehavemightbeholdingbacktheuptakeofroboticsinareaswheretheycanbeuseful.”P(pán)rofessorHaticeGunes,fromCambridge’sDepartmentofComputerScienceandTechnology,saiditis“incrediblydifficult”tocreaterobotsthatarecapableofnaturalconversation.5．Howlongdidthesessionslast?A．Foraboutoneweek. B．Foroveronemonth.C．Forabout26days. D．Forover90days.6．Whatdotoy-likerobotsmeantotheemployees?A．Moredisappointment. B．Richerimagination.C．Lesscommunication. D．Closerrelationship.7．WhatcanweinferfromMinjaAxelsson’swords?A．It’snecessarytoimproverobots’appearance.B．It’sdifficultforrobotstointeractwithpeople.C．Robotscanbemadetomeetindividualneeds.D．Personalpreferencesmayaffecttheuseofrobots.8．Whichisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．Robots’AppearanceMayImproveMentalWell-beingB．PopularCultureDecidesHuman’sDemandforRobotsC．AttitudestowardsRobotsVaryfromPersontoPersonD．Human-likeRobotsImproveEfficiencyinWorkplacesInthe2010s,34-yearoldBrianneMillertravelledaroundtheworldasamarine(海洋的)biologist.Nomatterhowremotethelocation,shemadethesamealarmingdiscovery:largeamountsofplasticpollutingthewaterandthreateningmarinelife.Millerknewsheneededtodosomething.Canadiansthrowoutthreemilliontonsofplasticwasteeachyear,33percentofwhichcomesfromfoodpackaging.Miller,determinedtosolvetheproblematthesource,envisionedashopthatnotjustbannedtheuseofplasticbags—aplacethatavoidedbothwastefulpackagingandthebadhabitofwastingfooditself.Toputherthoughtintopractice,inJune2018,Milleropenedoneofthefirstzero-wastegrocerystoresinCanada.ShenameditNada.Youcanbringyourowncontainers(容器),thoughit’snotnecessary:rightbythefrontdoorarerecycledglassorplasticcontainers,freeforthetaking.Theearlydaysofthepandemic(疫情)werehardonthebusiness.Becausefoodsaleswererestricted(限制),Nadacloseditsdoorstothepublicfor18months.ButthenMillerturnedtoonlineorderinganddelivery.Thezero-wastedeliveriesaremadebye-bikeandelectricvehicles.Everythingfromoliveoiltofresheggscomesdeliveredinrecycledcontainers,whicharecollectedandreusedforthenextroundofdeliveries.Thosecontainersdosomuchmorethanjustreducewaste.Theygetpeoplethinkingbig,justasMillerhadhopedtheywould.“Youcanseehowmanytimesthecontainerhasbeenused,”shesays.9．WhatmadeMillertakeactiontodealwithplasticwaste?A．Theterriblesituationoftheoceanlife.B．Thestrongdesiretotravelallovertheworld.C．Thegreatresponsibilityofresearchingplastic.D．Therespectandadmirationfromotherbiologists.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“envisioned”inparagraph2referto?A．Doubt. B．Demand. C．Advise. D．Imagine.11．WhatcanweknowaboutMiller’szero-wastegrocerystore?A．Itaskedconsumerstopayforplasticcontainers.B．Itwentoutofbusinessbecauseofthepandemic.C．Itprovidedenvironmentalfriendlydeliveryservice.D．Itsuggestedpeopletobuylessfoodtoreducewaste.12．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMiller?A．Kindandambitious. B．Creativeanddetermined.C．Braveandhumorous D．Optimisticandconfident.Takealookatyourfingers.WouldyoubelievemeifItoldyouthatthelengthofyourfingersinrelationtooneanothercanpredictyourpersonality?IknowthatitsoundslikeoneofthosesillytestsyouseeonFacebook,butIhavetoadmitthatitwasspot-onforme.Lookatyourthreemiddlefingersofyourlefthand.Isyourindexfinger(食指)longerthanyourringfinger?Isyourringfingerlongerthanyourindexfinger?Orarethetwothesamelength?Category1:Alongerringfinger.Ifyourringfingerislongerthanyourindexfinger,researchshowsthatyou’relikelyacharmingtype,andyoucanprobablytalkyourselfoutofanysituation.Othersoftenfindthispersonalitytypeirresistible(無(wú)法抵制的)andwillgotogreatlengthstohelpyou.You’remorelikelytotakerisks,andyou’regoodatproblem-solving.Peopleinthiscategorymakegreatengineers,soldiersandcrossword-puzzlesolvers.Category2:Alongerindexfinger.Ifyourindexfingerislongerthanyourringfinger,chancesarethatyouarefullofconfidence—possiblyeventothepointofbeingover-confidentandtooproud.Youarenotnecessarilyshy,butyoudoenjoytimetoyourselfespeciallywhenyou’retryingtocompleteaproject.Youareadeterminedgo-getterwhocanmakethingshappen,butyoumaybeshywhenitcomestotakingthefirststepinbuildingupafriendship.Youarealsoprobablyhappywithwhatyouhave,butyou’realwayswishingformore.Category3:Thetwoarethesamelength.Ifyourindexfingerandringfingerareroughlythesamelength,youarelikelytoavoidconflictatallcostsandseektokeepthepeaceinyourrelationships.Youarewell-organized,faithfulandsympathetic.Butdeepdownunderallofthatcaringandpeace-loving,youalsocangomadunexpectedlywhenyou’repushedtoofar.Howwelldidthesedescriptionsmatchyourpersonality?Iwassurprisedattheaccuracyinmycase.13．Whatmightpeoplewithalongringfingertendtobelike?A．Creative. B．Attractive. C．Hard-working. D．Harm-hearted.14．Whichisthecasewithpeoplehavingalongerindexfinger?A．Theyarenotwelcomemostofthetime.B．Theyalwaysfeelconfidentandneverfeelshy.C．Theyarealwayssatisfiedwithwhattheyhave.D．Theyprefertobeleftalonewhenworkingonaproject.15．Whichisasuitablematchfor“Category3”people?A．Thecrossword-puzzlesolver. B．Theadventurer.C．Thepeacemaker. D．Thesweettalker.16．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．NeverbelievethesillytestsonFacebook.B．Thelengthoffingerscanshowpersonality.C．Whyyourfingersarenotofthesamelength.D．Howtofindoutaboutone’spersonalityexactly.二、七選五HowtolearnnewthingsIsitevertoolatetolearnanewskill?Theansweris:absolutelynot!Learningnewthingsisbeneficialatanyage.Itcanchangeyourlifeinmanyways—fromgivingyouacareerpromotiontohelpingyoudiscoveranewpassion.Allyouneedisenthusiasm,focus,andsomehelpfullearningstrategies.17●Takeaclassoronlinecourse.Classesofferinformative,guidedinstructiononyourchosendiscipline.Checkoutthecourselistingsatyourlocalcommunitycollegeorlookforclassofferingsatlocalchurches,freeschools,communityrecreationcenters,andculturalcenters.18●Learnthroughpracticalexperience.Themosteffectivewaytolearnsomethingisjusttodoit!19Forexample,youwanttolearnaprogramminglanguage.Tryitoutratherthanspendingallyourtimeinatextbook!Learnbycodingasmallprogramandworkingoutthebugsyourself.●20Teachingaskillenablesyoutounderstanditbetter.Why?Becausebyteachingsomeoneelse,youfirsthavetothinkcriticallyabouttheskillorsubjectandbreakitdownintoeasilyexplainablepieces.Askafriendorcoworkerifyoucandiscusswhatyou’vebeenlearningwiththem.Makeaninformativepresentationaboutthesubjectorstartablogaboutyourlearningprocess.●Testyourself.Atestwillshowyouhowmuchofthematerialyouremember.Quizzesaren’tthemostfunpartoflearning,butsometimesthey’reexactlywhatyouneed.21Findapracticeexamonlineordrawupyourowntestthatyoucanusetogradeyourself.Testingshowsyouhowwellyou’vemasteredthematerialsofarandwhatyoumightstillneedtoworkon.A．Teachsomeoneelse.B．Makeapracticeschedule.C．Setupatestforyourselfwhenyoulearnanewskillorconcept.D．Uselotsofdifferentlearningmaterialsfrombookstoonlinevideos.E．Here’salistoftipsthatwillhelpyoulearnanynewskillyoudesire.F．Checklocalmagazinesandonlinelistingsforindependentteachersandtutors,too.G．Applytheideasyoulearnedfromlessonsandfindoutwhatworksbestforyouinpractice.三、完形填空Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.Shewasunabletowalkandhermovementwas22inotherwaysaswell.Thedoctorsdidnot23muchhopeofherrecoveringfromthisillness.Theypredictedshe’dspendtherestofherlifeina24.Theysaidthatfew,ifany,wereabletocomebacktonormalafter25thisdisease.Thelittlegirlwasbrave.There,lyinginherhospitalbed,shewouldsweartoanyonewho’dlistenthatshewas26goingtobewalkingagainsomeday.Shewasthen27toaspecializedrehabilitation(康復(fù))hospitalintheSanFranciscoBayarea.Whatevertreatmentscouldbe28tohercasewereused.Thedoctorswerecharmedbyher29spirit.Theytaughtherabout30aboutseeingherselfwalking.Ifitwoulddonothingelse,itwouldatleastgiveherhopeandsomething31todointhelongwakinghoursinherbed.Angelawouldworkashardaspossibleinphysicaltreatment.Butsheworkedjustashardlyingthere32doingherimaging,visualizingherselfmoving,movingandmoving!Oneday,asshewasmakingeffortswithallhermighttoimagineherlegsmovingagain,itseemedasthougha(n)33appeared:thebedmoved!Itbegantomovearoundtheroom!Shescreamedout,“LookwhatI’mdoing!Look!Look!Icandoit!Imoved,Imoved!”34,atthisverymomenteveryoneelseinthehospitalwasscreaming,too,andrunningfor35.Peoplewerescreaming,equipmentwas36andglasswasbreaking.ItwastheSanFranciscoearthquake!37don’ttellthattoAngela.She’s38thatshedidit.Andnowonlyafewyearslater,she’sbackinschool.Onherown39,nowheelchair.Yousee,anyonewhocan40theearthbetweenSanFranciscoandOaklandcan41asmalldisease,can’tthey?22．A．improved B．restricted C．a(chǎn)voided D．a(chǎn)rranged23．A．holdout B．giveup C．a(chǎn)ccountfor D．wipeoff24．A．hospital B．school C．wheelchair D．house25．A．passingon B．researchingon C．figuringout D．sufferingfrom26．A．probably B．definitely C．nearly D．barely27．A．sheltered B．seized C．transferred D．followed28．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．referred C．a(chǎn)ttached D．exposed29．A．energetic B．relaxing C．a(chǎn)ttractive D．undefeatable30．A．imaging B．promising C．expecting D．predicting31．A．comfortable B．positive C．meaningless D．simple32．A．a(chǎn)nxiously B．relievedly C．faithfully D．randomly33．A．conflict B．disagreement C．a(chǎn)ccident D．wonder34．A．Inaddition B．Inconclusion C．Infact D．Ingeneral35．A．celebration B．surprise C．a(chǎn)ssistance D．cover36．A．falling B．flashing C．rising D．restarting37．A．So B．But C．And D．Or38．A．convinced B．excited C．satisfied D．supposed39．A．hands B．legs C．bike D．vehicle40．A．destroy B．control C．shake D．protect41．A．possess B．ignore C．fear D．conquer四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheMinistryofEducationhasaskedthepublisherofprimaryschoolmathtextbookstoredotheillustrationsafterpublicoutcryfor42（be）toouglyandinappropriate.TheministryhasaskedthePeople’sEducationPresstocarry43instantmeasuresandmakesurenewtextbooksareavailableforstudentsbeforethestartofautumnsemesterinSeptember,itsaidinareleaseonSaturday.Theministrywillconduct44overall

evaluationonalltextbooks45（use）byprimaryandsecondaryschoolsnationwide,especiallyon46（they）contentandillustrations.Theevaluationaims47（make）suretheyinsistonrightpolitical48（direct）andvalueorientation(價(jià)值導(dǎo)向），promotetraditionalChinesecultureandconform(符合)topublicaesthetictaste,andanyproblemsfoundwill49（correct）immediately,thereleasesaid.Theministrywelcomesthepublictosendsuggestionsonthetextbooks,50willbetakenintoaccountina51（time）manner,itadded.五、短文改錯(cuò)52．假如英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Anoldwomanhadacat.Thecatwasveryold;shecouldnotrunquick,andshecouldnotbite,becauseofshewassoold.Onedayanoldcatsawamouse;shejumpedtocaughtthemouse.Butshecouldnotbiteit;sothemousegotoutofhismouthandranaway,becausethecatcouldnotbiteit.Thentheoldwomanbecameveryangrybecausethecathadnotkilledthemouse.Shebeganhitthecat.Thecatsaid,“Donothityourolderservant.Ihaveworkedforyouformanyyear,andIwouldworkforyoustill,becauseIamtooold.Donotbeunkindtotheold,butrememberwhatgoodworktheolddidwhentheyareyoung.”六、其他應(yīng)用文53．假如你是李華，已報(bào)名參加國(guó)內(nèi)某英文網(wǎng)站舉行的主題為“生活奔小康”的公益廣告大賽，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容寫(xiě)出你的作品介紹：1.名稱(chēng)；2.內(nèi)容；3.表現(xiàn)形式。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：小康生活awell-offlife；XiaoKang/Xiaokang_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．C2．D3．A4．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了西班牙著名的西紅柿節(jié)的起源和發(fā)展史。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Amorebelievableversionisthatafewteenagers,overexcitedbythefestival,eitherknockedoverapasser-bywhohatefullybeganthrowingtomatoesorpickeduptomatoesthathadfallenfromthebedofapassinglorryandthrewthemateachotherjokingly,”（一種更可信的說(shuō)法是，一些青少年對(duì)節(jié)日過(guò)于興奮，要么是撞倒了一個(gè)滿懷仇恨地扔西紅柿的過(guò)路人，要么是撿起從一輛路過(guò)的卡車(chē)上掉下來(lái)的西紅柿，互相開(kāi)玩笑地扔在一起。）可知，在第一次西紅柿節(jié)上，最有可能看到的景象就是，幾個(gè)年輕人開(kāi)玩笑地互相扔西紅柿。故選C項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Tomatinawastelevisedforthefirsttimein1983,andithasseenparticipationnumbersriseuncontrollablyeversince.”（1983年，《西紅柿節(jié)》第一次在電視上播出，自那以后，參與的人數(shù)就一直在不可控制地上升。）可知，1983年是西紅柿節(jié)發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，自此，參與人數(shù)就直線上升。故選D項(xiàng)。3．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“imitationcelebrationsinplaceslikeChile,ArgentinaandSouthKorea.”（智利、阿根廷和韓國(guó)等地也紛紛效仿。）以及選項(xiàng)中四個(gè)短語(yǔ)的含義：setoff“激起，引起”；lainin“存在于”；thoughtof“想到”；resultedfrom“源于”；可知，劃線單詞“spark”意為“引起”。故選A項(xiàng)。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThefirstTomatinawasthrowninthesummerof1944or1945duringalocalreligiouscelebration.”（相傳第一個(gè)西紅柿節(jié)源于1944年或1945年的夏天，當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)宗教慶典上第一個(gè)西紅柿被扔出去。）；第三段中“Whateverthecase,itwasofficiallybannedinthe1950s.In1957,thetownspeopleheldaceremonialtomatoburialtoexpresstheirdisapprovaloftheban.”（無(wú)論如何，它在20世紀(jì)50年代被官方禁止。1957年，鎮(zhèn)上的居民舉行了一場(chǎng)西紅柿葬禮，以表達(dá)他們對(duì)禁令的不滿。）；第四段中“In2012,Bu?olbeganrequiringpaymentforentrance.”（2012年，Bu?ol開(kāi)始要求入會(huì)費(fèi)。）可知，本文以時(shí)間為線索，詳細(xì)介紹了西班牙一年一度的盛大節(jié)日。故項(xiàng)B項(xiàng)。5．B6．D7．D8．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，機(jī)器人可以改善工作場(chǎng)所的心理健康，但這些對(duì)機(jī)器人外觀或行為的看法可能會(huì)阻礙機(jī)器人在它們可以發(fā)揮作用的領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Overfiveweeks,26employeestookpartintheweeklyrobot-ledwell-beingsessions.(在五周的時(shí)間里，26名員工參加了每周一次由機(jī)器人主持的健康會(huì)議)”可知，（研究）時(shí)間持續(xù)了5周，即一個(gè)多月。故選B項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“AstudybytheUniversityofCambridgefoundthatpeoplewhointeractedwithrobotsthatweremoretoy-like,feltagreaterconnectioncomparedtohuman-likerobots.(劍橋大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與人形機(jī)器人相比，與更像玩具的機(jī)器人互動(dòng)的人感到更有聯(lián)系)”可知，玩具機(jī)器人對(duì)員工來(lái)說(shuō)意味著更緊密的關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Co-authorofthestudy,MinjaAxelsson,said,“Theseperceptionsofhowrobotsshouldlookorbehavemightbeholdingbacktheuptakeofroboticsinareaswheretheycanbeuseful.”(該研究的合著者M(jìn)injaAxelsson說(shuō)：“這些對(duì)機(jī)器人外觀或行為的看法可能會(huì)阻礙機(jī)器人在它們可以發(fā)揮作用的領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用?！?”可知，MinjaAxelsson認(rèn)為個(gè)人偏好可能會(huì)影響機(jī)器人的使用。故選D項(xiàng)。8．主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是第一段第一句“Robotscanimprovementalwell-beingintheworkplace,butonlyiftheylookright,researchsuggests.(研究表明，機(jī)器人可以改善工作場(chǎng)所的心理健康，但前提是它們的樣子是人們喜歡的)”可知本篇文章主要講了機(jī)器人可以改善心理健康。故A項(xiàng)“Robots’AppearanceMayImproveMentalWell-being(機(jī)器人的外觀可能會(huì)改善心理健康)”作為標(biāo)題，能概括全文。故選A項(xiàng)。9．A10．D11．C12．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了海洋生物學(xué)家布里安·米勒為了減少塑料污染和解決浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題，創(chuàng)建了名為Nada的商店。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Nomatterhowremotethelocation,shemadethesamealarmingdiscovery:largeamountsofplasticpollutingthewaterandthreateningmarinelife.Millerknewsheneededtodosomething.(無(wú)論地點(diǎn)多么偏遠(yuǎn)，她都有同樣令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)：大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，威脅著海洋生物。米勒知道她需要做點(diǎn)什么)”和第二段的“Canadiansthrowoutthreemilliontonsofplasticwasteeachyear,33percentofwhichcomesfromfoodpackaging.Miller,decidedtosolvetheproblematthesource(加拿大人每年丟棄300萬(wàn)噸塑料垃圾，其中33%來(lái)自食品包裝。米勒決定從源頭上解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”可知，米勒采取行動(dòng)處理塑料垃圾的想法來(lái)自于塑料垃圾對(duì)海洋生物構(gòu)成威脅，即海洋生物的糟糕處境。故選A。10．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的“Toputherthoughtintopractice,inJune2018,Milleropenedoneofthefirstzero-wastegrocerystoresinCanada.(為了將她的想法付諸實(shí)踐，2018年6月，米勒在加拿大開(kāi)設(shè)了第一家零浪費(fèi)雜貨店)”可知，在此之前開(kāi)設(shè)一個(gè)禁止使用塑料袋的商店只是米勒的設(shè)想。由此猜測(cè)劃線詞envisioned意為“想象，設(shè)想”，與imagine同義。故選D。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ButthenMillerturnedtoonlineorderinganddelivery.Thezero-wastedeliveriesaremadebye-bikeandelectricvehicles.(但隨后米勒轉(zhuǎn)向了在線訂購(gòu)和配送。電動(dòng)自行車(chē)和電動(dòng)汽車(chē)實(shí)現(xiàn)了零廢物運(yùn)輸)”可知，米勒的零浪費(fèi)雜貨店提供環(huán)保派送服務(wù)。故選C。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Toputherthoughtintopractice,inJune2018,Milleropenedoneofthefirstzero-wastegrocerystoresinCanada.ShenameditNada.Youcanbringyourowncontainers(容器),thoughit’snotnecessary:rightbythefrontdoorarerecycledglassorplasticcontainers,freeforthetaking.(為了將她的想法付諸實(shí)踐，2018年6月，米勒在加拿大開(kāi)設(shè)了第一家零浪費(fèi)雜貨店。她把它命名為Nada。你可以自帶容器，盡管沒(méi)有必要：就在前門(mén)旁邊是可回收的玻璃或塑料容器，免費(fèi)帶走)”可知，米勒開(kāi)設(shè)了零廢物雜貨店，提供可回收的玻璃杯或塑料容器來(lái)裝食物，說(shuō)明她富有創(chuàng)造力；根據(jù)第二段的“Miller,determinedtosolvetheproblematthesource(米勒，米勒決定從源頭上解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”和倒數(shù)第二段的“Theearlydaysofthepandemic(疫情)werehardonthebusiness.Becausefoodsaleswererestricted(限制),Nadacloseditsdoorstothepublicfor18months.ButthenMillerturnedtoonlineorderinganddelivery.(疫情初期生意很艱難。因?yàn)槭称蜂N(xiāo)售受到限制，納達(dá)對(duì)公眾關(guān)閉了18個(gè)月。但隨后米勒轉(zhuǎn)向了在線訂購(gòu)和配送)”可知，米勒認(rèn)準(zhǔn)了目標(biāo)，就會(huì)下定決心去實(shí)現(xiàn)它，說(shuō)明她有決心。綜上，故選B。13．B14．D15．C16．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人們通過(guò)對(duì)一個(gè)人五個(gè)手指的長(zhǎng)短以及相互比較來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)其性格特征。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Ifyourringfingerislongerthanyourindexfinger,researchshowsthatyou’relikelyacharmingtype”（如果你的無(wú)名指比食指長(zhǎng)，研究表明你可能是一個(gè)有魅力的類(lèi)型）”可知，一個(gè)無(wú)名指較長(zhǎng)的人可能是具有吸引力的。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Ifyourindexfingerislongerthanyourringfinger,chancesareyouarefullofconfidence—possiblyeventothepointofbeingover-confidentandtooproud.Youarenotnecessarilyintroverted,butyoudoenjoytimetoyourselfespeciallywhenyou’retryingtocompleteaproject.”（如果你的食指比無(wú)名指長(zhǎng)，那么你很可能充滿自信——甚至可能到了過(guò)分自信和驕傲的地步。你不一定是內(nèi)向的人，但你確實(shí)喜歡獨(dú)處的時(shí)間，尤其是當(dāng)你試圖完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的時(shí)候）可知，食指較長(zhǎng)的人在做項(xiàng)目時(shí)更喜歡獨(dú)處。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“Ifyourindexfingerandringfingerareroughlythesamelength,youarelikelytoavoidconflictatallcostsandseektokeepthepeaceinyourrelationships.”（如果你的食指和無(wú)名指差不多長(zhǎng)，你可能會(huì)不惜一切代價(jià)避免沖突，并尋求在人際關(guān)系中保持和平）并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推知，“和平締造者”與“第3類(lèi)”人匹配。故選C。16．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Takealookatyourfingers.WouldyoubelievemeifItoldyouthatthelengthofyourfingersinrelationtooneanothercanpredictyourpersonality?”（看看你的手指。如果我告訴你，你手指的長(zhǎng)度可以預(yù)測(cè)你的性格，你會(huì)相信嗎？）結(jié)合下文提到的食指和無(wú)名指長(zhǎng)度相比的三種情況可知，文章主要介紹了手指的長(zhǎng)度可以顯示個(gè)性。故選B。17．E18．F19．G20．A21．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一些學(xué)習(xí)新技能的技巧。17．根據(jù)上文“Isitevertoolatetolearnanewskill?Theansweris:absolutelynot!Learningnewthingsisbeneficialatanyage.Itcanchangeyourlifeinmanyways—fromgivingyouacareerpromotiontohelpingyoudiscoveranewpassion.Allyouneedisenthusiasm,focus,andsomehelpfullearningstrategies.(學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太晚嗎？答案是：絕對(duì)不是！學(xué)習(xí)新事物在任何年齡都是有益的。它可以在很多方面改變你的生活——從給你升職到幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)新的激情。你所需要的只是熱情、專(zhuān)注和一些有用的學(xué)習(xí)策略)”結(jié)合后文介紹了一些學(xué)習(xí)新技能的方法，故E選項(xiàng)“這里有一些技巧可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)任何你想要的新技能”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。18．根據(jù)上文“Classesofferinformative,guidedinstructiononyourchosendiscipline.Checkoutthecourselistingsatyourlocalcommunitycollegeorlookforclassofferingsatlocalchurches,freeschools,communityrecreationcenters,andculturalcenters.(課程為您選擇的學(xué)科提供信息豐富的指導(dǎo)。查看當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)大學(xué)的課程列表，或者在當(dāng)?shù)亟烫?、免費(fèi)學(xué)校、社區(qū)娛樂(lè)中心和文化中心尋找課程)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，故主要承接上文說(shuō)明如何尋找課程以及教師。故F選項(xiàng)“查看當(dāng)?shù)仉s志和網(wǎng)上關(guān)于獨(dú)立教師和家庭教師的列表”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。19．根據(jù)上文“Themosteffectivewaytolearnsomethingisjusttodoit!(學(xué)習(xí)東西最有效的方法就是去做)”以及后文“Forexample,youwanttolearnaprogramminglanguage.Tryitoutratherthanspendingallyourtimeinatextbook!Learnbycodingasmallprogramandworkingoutthebugsyourself.(例如，你想學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)編程語(yǔ)言。嘗試一下，而不是把所有的時(shí)間都花在教科書(shū)上!通過(guò)編寫(xiě)小程序并自己解決錯(cuò)誤來(lái)學(xué)習(xí))”可知，上文強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)最有效的是去做，即要實(shí)踐，故G選項(xiàng)“把你從課程中學(xué)到的想法應(yīng)用到實(shí)踐中，找出最適合你的方法”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。20．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Teachingaskillenablesyoutounderstanditbetter.Why?Becausebyteachingsomeoneelse,youfirsthavetothinkcriticallyabouttheskillorsubjectandbreakitdownintoeasilyexplainablepieces.Askafriendorcoworkerifyoucandiscusswhatyou’vebeenlearningwiththem.Makeaninformativepresentationaboutthesubjectorstartablogaboutyourlearningprocess.(教授一項(xiàng)技能可以讓你更好地理解它。為什么？因?yàn)橥ㄟ^(guò)教別人，你首先必須批判性地思考技能或主題，并將其分解成易于解釋的部分。問(wèn)問(wèn)朋友或同事，你是否可以和他們討論你所學(xué)到的東西。就這個(gè)主題做一個(gè)信息豐富的演講，或者寫(xiě)一個(gè)關(guān)于你學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程的博客)”可知，后文提到“教授一項(xiàng)技能可以讓你更好地理解它”，即通過(guò)教人來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。故A選項(xiàng)“教別人”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。21．根據(jù)上文“Atestwillshowyouhowmuchofthematerialyouremember.Quizzesaren’tthemostfunpartoflearning,butsometimesthey’reexactlywhatyouneed.(考試會(huì)顯示你記住了多少材料。小測(cè)驗(yàn)并不是學(xué)習(xí)中最有趣的部分，但有時(shí)它們正是你所需要的)”以及后文“Findapracticeexamonlineordrawupyourowntestthatyoucanusetogradeyourself.Testingshowsyouhowwellyou’vemasteredthematerialsofarandwhatyoumightstillneedtoworkon.(在網(wǎng)上找一個(gè)練習(xí)考試，或者自己寫(xiě)一個(gè)測(cè)試，你可以用它來(lái)給自己打分。測(cè)試可以告訴你，到目前為止，你對(duì)材料的掌握程度，以及你可能還需要改進(jìn)的地方)”可知，后文提到了給自己寫(xiě)一個(gè)測(cè)試，C選項(xiàng)中test對(duì)應(yīng)后文test。故C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能或新概念時(shí)，給自己做一個(gè)測(cè)試”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。22．B23．A24．C25．D26．B27．C28．A29．D30．A31．B32．C33．D34．C35．D36．A37．B38．A39．B40．C41．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了身患疾病的11歲女孩安吉拉，如何與病魔抗?fàn)?，最后?zhàn)勝病魔，重新站起來(lái)的勵(lì)志故事。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她不能走路，在其他方面她的運(yùn)動(dòng)也受到了限制。A.improved提高；B.restricted限制；C.avoided避免；D.arranged安排。根據(jù)上文“Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.”可知，安吉拉患病影響了她的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，她的運(yùn)動(dòng)能力也受到限制。故選B項(xiàng)。23．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：醫(yī)生們對(duì)她的康復(fù)并不抱多大希望。A.holdout持有；B.giveup放棄；C.accountfor說(shuō)明；D.wipeoff擦掉。根據(jù)下文“Theypredictedshe’dspendtherestofherlifeina3.”可知，他們認(rèn)為她要在輪椅上度過(guò)余生，所以說(shuō)醫(yī)生對(duì)安吉拉的病不報(bào)任何希望。故選A項(xiàng)。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們預(yù)測(cè)她將在輪椅上度過(guò)余生。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.school學(xué)校；C.wheelchair輪椅；D.house房屋。根據(jù)上文“shewasunabletowalk...”可知，她不能走路，所以安吉拉要使用輪椅。故選C項(xiàng)。25．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們說(shuō)，如果有的話，很少有人能在患了這種疾病后恢復(fù)正常。A.passingon傳遞；B.researchingon研究；C.figuringout弄清楚；D.sufferingfrom患病。根據(jù)上文“Eleven-year-oldAngelawasstrickenwithadiseaseinvolvinghernervoussystem.”可知，安吉拉患了一種影響神經(jīng)的疾病。故選D項(xiàng)。26．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，躺在病床上，她會(huì)向任何聽(tīng)她說(shuō)話的人發(fā)誓，她總有一天一定能再次自己走路的。A.probably可能地；B.definitely一定地；C.nearly幾乎；D.barely幾乎不。根據(jù)上文“Thelittlegirlwasbrave.”和“shewouldsweartoanyone”可知，安吉拉很勇敢，而且向別人發(fā)誓，都表明了她堅(jiān)信自己一定能再次走路的決心。故選B項(xiàng)。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她被轉(zhuǎn)移到舊金山灣區(qū)的一家專(zhuān)門(mén)的康復(fù)醫(yī)院。A.sheltered躲避；B.seized抓??；C.transferred轉(zhuǎn)移；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)下文“aspecializedrehabilitation(康復(fù))hospitalintheSanFranciscoBayarea.”可知，這是一家在舊金山灣區(qū)的專(zhuān)門(mén)的康復(fù)醫(yī)院。由此可知，安吉拉是在醫(yī)院手術(shù)后被轉(zhuǎn)送到康復(fù)醫(yī)院進(jìn)行康復(fù)。故選C項(xiàng)。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：能用的治療方案都應(yīng)用到她的身上。A.applied應(yīng)用；B.referred提及；C.attached貼上；D.exposed暴露。根據(jù)上文“Shewasthen6toaspecializedrehabilitation(康復(fù))hospitalintheSanFranciscoBayarea.”可知，安吉拉來(lái)康復(fù)醫(yī)院里進(jìn)行康復(fù)治療，所以醫(yī)生們應(yīng)用了一切可能的方法給她治療。故選A項(xiàng)。29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生們被她永不言敗的精神所感動(dòng)了。A.energe