高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)課件

過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ):

過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可以表示_____、____、____、_____、________或________等，在意義上相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間原因條件讓步行為方式伴隨情況過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)FindoutsentencesusingV-ppastheadverbialinthetext.1.Worriedaboutthejourney,

Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.

AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,

Iwasunsettled…

3.Hitbythelackoffreshair,myheadached.BecauseIwashitbythelackoffreshair,myheadached.4.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.AsIwasexhausted,

Islidintobedand...2.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company,called“FutureTours”,transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.

Sincehisparents’companywaswell-knownfor…FindoutsentencesusingV-pp1.過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1.Seenunderamicroscope,

afreshsnowflakehasadelicate（精美的）shape.Whenitisseenunderamicroscope,afreshsnowflake（雪花）hasadelicateshape.

2.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooks…Askedmanytimes,hebegantofeelbored.Afterhewasaskedmanytimes,hebeganto…1.過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1.Seenunderamic注意：可在過(guò)去分詞前加上連詞when,while,until等來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間關(guān)系。1.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.

Whenheated,

icewillbechangedintowater.注意：可在過(guò)去分詞前加上連詞when,while,untExhausted,thechildrenfellasleepatonce.Caughtinaheavyrain,hewaswettotheskin.=Astheywereexhausted,thechildrenfell…=Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain,hewas…表示原因，相當(dāng)于由as,since,或because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句.2.表示原因=Astheywereexhausted,thec3.表示條件

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.表示條件,相當(dāng)于if,unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句=Ifitisheated,waterchangesintosteam.=Ifheisgivenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.3.表示條件

Heated,waterchanges4.表示讓步1.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.2.Badlywounded,hecontinuedtofight.表示讓步，相當(dāng)于although/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句.Thoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.Thoughhewasbadlywounded,hecontinuedtofight.4.表示讓步1.Laughedatbymanype5.表示方式或伴隨1.Theoldmanenteredthemeetingroom,supportedbyayoungfellow.

=Theoldmanenteredthemeetingroomandwassupportedbyayoungfellow.2.Shewasintearsasifdeeplymovedbythemovingfilm.

=Shewasintearsasifshewasdeeplymovedbythemovingfilm.過(guò)去分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)或伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句，沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的從句可替換.5.表示方式或伴隨1.TheoldmanentereThefilmstarappeared,surroundedbyagroupoffans.=Thefilmstarappearedandwassurroundedbyagroupoffans.Thefilmstarappeared,surrou1.____(use)inthisway,thewordshouldn’tbetakenasaverb.2._______(arm)withspecialguns,knivesandbrushes,twospacewalkingastronautspracticedfixingthespacecraft.3.Though_______(catch)inatrafficjam,wemanagedtoarriveattheairport.4.Susanisnoteasytogetalongwith.Butonce_____(gain),herfriendshipwilllastforever.

UsedArmedcaughtgained用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.____(use)inthisway,the過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)

需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)

需要注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題

當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為什么遲到時(shí)，她的臉漲得通紅。Askedwhyshewaslate,herfacewentred.Askedwhyshewaslate,shewentredintheface.小偷如果被抓，會(huì)受到警方的懲罰。Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.

×√

×√過(guò)去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子的主語(yǔ)要保持一致當(dāng)被問(wèn)到為什么遲到時(shí)，她的臉漲得通紅?！吝^(guò)去分詞另外,分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),如果其邏輯主語(yǔ)與整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),需要獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)替代。

(1)

Thesignal

given,thebusstarted.

信號(hào)一發(fā)出，汽車就開(kāi)動(dòng)了。（thesignal是given的邏輯主語(yǔ)，因此主句主語(yǔ)thebus就不是given的邏輯主語(yǔ)。）(2)Shewentby

withherhead

heldhigh

.

她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過(guò)去。（heldhigh是with后賓語(yǔ)herhead的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）2.過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)另外,分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),如果其邏輯主語(yǔ)與整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)不一致3.某些分詞的固定結(jié)構(gòu)不考慮與主語(yǔ)的一致關(guān)系.有些分詞已成為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，在詞性上已轉(zhuǎn)化為介詞，使用時(shí)應(yīng)按固定結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)待，不必考慮他們與主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的有以下幾種：judgingby/from…根據(jù)……判斷；由……斷定provided/providing

(that)…假如，倘若……；在……條件下；除非given…倘若……；假定……3.某些分詞的固定結(jié)構(gòu)不考慮與主語(yǔ)的一致關(guān)系.有些分詞已成為1.Judgingby/fromhisaccent,hemustbefromthesouth.

從他的口音判斷，他一定是南方人。2.Iwillagreetogoprovided/providing(that)myexpensesarepaid.

假如為我負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用，我就同意去。3.Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaithisevening.

假如天氣好，我們的船將于今晚抵達(dá)上海。1.Judgingby/fromhisaccent,4.“連詞＋過(guò)去分詞”作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可以與連詞構(gòu)成“連詞＋過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。實(shí)際上就是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略現(xiàn)象。這些連詞有：when,once,if,unless,though,asif,although,evenif,eventhough,than,as

等。1.Hewillcomeifinvited. =Hewillcomeifheisinvited.2.Whenaskedaboutit,hecouldhardlyholdbackhisfeelings. =Whenhewasaskedaboutit,hecouldhardlyholdbackhisfeelings.

每當(dāng)有人問(wèn)及此事，他就難以控制自己的感情。4.“連詞＋過(guò)去分詞”作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可以與連詞構(gòu)成“連詞5.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表被動(dòng)或完成意義的情況有些過(guò)去分詞已形容詞化，來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)已看不出被動(dòng)或完成意義。如:

(be)lostin沉湎于

(be)seated坐

(be)born出身于

(be)dressedin穿著(be)interestedin感興趣

(be)tiredof厭煩(be)worriedabout擔(dān)心5.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表被動(dòng)或完成意義的情況有些過(guò)去分詞已形1.Dressedinwhite,thebridelooksmorebeautiful.

穿著一身白色衣服，新娘看起來(lái)更漂亮2.Tiredoflisteningtomusic,shebegantowatchTV.

由于聽(tīng)累了音樂(lè)，他開(kāi)始看電視。3.Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.

因?yàn)槌两谒伎贾?所以他沒(méi)聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音。1.Dressedinwhite,thebride6.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，多放在句首；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)；有時(shí)插在句子中間。

1.Seenfromthehill,

thecitylooksmagnificent.

從山上看，這座城市非常壯觀。2.Theycamein,followedbytheirwivesandchildren.

他們進(jìn)來(lái)了，夫人和孩子們緊隨其后。3.Tom,

horrifiedatwhathehaddone,

couldsaynothing.湯姆由于對(duì)他做的事感到恐懼，一時(shí)說(shuō)不出話來(lái)。6.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，多放在句首；也可7.現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞和不定式作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別

1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Seeingfromthetopofthetower,wecangetawonderfulviewofourcity.2）過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Seenfromthetopofthetower,ourcitylooksmorebeautiful.3)不定式作狀語(yǔ)，一般表示目的。Togetawonderfulviewofourcity,weclimbedtothetopofthetower.7.現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞和不定式作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別1）現(xiàn)在分詞作PracticePractice1.Once______,awordbecomesapromise.2.Once______,watercannotbetakenbackagain.3.__________bythebeautifulscenery,Iforgottogobackhomeintime. impress;pour;speakA.覆水難收B.流連忘返C.一言既出,駟馬難追spokenpouredImpressedCBA1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，并與A-C的漢語(yǔ)翻譯相匹配。1.Once______,awordbecomes1.______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous.2.______(give)time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.3.________(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.4._______(give)moretime,I’llfinishmyworkontime.SeenGivenLooking2.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Given1.______(see)fromthetopo5.Comparedwith_________(develop)countries,westillhavealongwaytogo.6.TheEnglishteacherenteredtheroom,_________(follow)byhisstudents.7.Theteachingbuildings_____(build)in1960needrepairing.8.Ifoundmyschoolbag____(leave)inMary’sroom.developedfollowedbuiltleft5.Comparedwith_________(de3.Rewritewithproperconjunctions.1.Unitedwestand,dividedwefail.→

Ifweare

united,wewillstand,

butifweare

divided,wewillfail.2.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.→Whenhewasasked

whathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.3.Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.→Becausehewas

wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.3.Rewritewithproperconjunc4.用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)改寫(xiě)句子。1.AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.→_______________________,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.2.Ifheisgiventime,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.→___________,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.WorriedaboutthejourneyGiventime4.用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)改寫(xiě)句子。1.AsIwaswo3.AsIwasconfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.→______________________________,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Confusedbythenewsurroundings3.AsIwasconfusedbythenew1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamou