大學(xué)英語四級(jí)選詞填空課件

SkillsforBankedClozeSkillsforBankedClozeContents題型要求1解題步驟2ClicktoaddTitleClicktoaddTitle4Contents題型要求1解題步驟2Clicktoadd題型要求四級(jí)必考，六級(jí)選考一篇文章，十個(gè)空格十五個(gè)備選（無需改變形式）閱讀能力詞匯量語法知識(shí)題型要求四級(jí)必考，六級(jí)選考

通讀全文是用較快速度，一行一行地讀，目的是把握至少90%的文章內(nèi)容。這大概就用1分鐘時(shí)間。

選詞填空后面的選項(xiàng)詞義互不關(guān)聯(lián)，詞性也不同，而且還有5個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)，一定要先了解文章大意，帶著文章脈絡(luò)去找選項(xiàng)。所以，務(wù)必先沉著地把文章讀一遍，尤其注意gap前后的位置，為尋找正確選項(xiàng)打下鋪墊。選詞填空短文的第一句對(duì)全文的內(nèi)容有概括提示作用，所以一定要認(rèn)真看懂第一句，而且反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞也是幫助考生掌握文章大致內(nèi)容的重要線索。

選詞填空的解題步驟第一步：通讀全文readthrough提醒：通讀就是根據(jù)首段原則以及首末句原則，迅速抓出文章的主題。判定文章主題對(duì)于篇章的整體把握具有很大的積極意義。通讀全文是用較快速度，一行一行地讀，目的是把握至少90%第二步：整理選項(xiàng)classifytheoptions整理選項(xiàng)。大概花費(fèi)1分鐘，即辨別每個(gè)單詞詞性的時(shí)間為4秒/詞。分別標(biāo)出15個(gè)備選項(xiàng)的詞性，比如在名詞旁標(biāo)注n.，在動(dòng)詞旁寫上v.，形容詞旁標(biāo)注adj.，副詞旁寫上adv.等。目前四級(jí)考試只考實(shí)詞（notionalwords）中的四種：名詞n、動(dòng)詞v、形容詞adj、副詞adv；（不考代詞和數(shù)詞；也不考虛詞（冠詞art,介詞prep,連詞conj,感嘆詞interj））特點(diǎn)：四種實(shí)詞中，考的最少的是副詞adv,不超過兩個(gè)空。剩下的三種平均每次有三道題。根據(jù)真題，動(dòng)詞一直是考三個(gè)。另外三種詞性，有兩個(gè)的，也有四個(gè)的。第二步：整理選項(xiàng)classifytheoptions整理3.動(dòng)詞歸類要細(xì)分為v，v-ed,v-ing。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)空可以填動(dòng)詞，但填原形還是過去式還是-ing形式要自己根據(jù)語法判斷。標(biāo)注詞性時(shí)注意的問題此外,以-ing,-ed結(jié)尾的詞也可能是分詞轉(zhuǎn)變而來的形容詞，如holding做動(dòng)詞：She’sholdinghermother’shand.做形容詞：holdingcompany(控股公司)；再如acquired做動(dòng)詞：academicskillsheacquired.做形容詞：anewlyacquiredjacket(新買的夾克)。1.不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞看詞綴2.認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞要注意詞性的單一性和多樣性比如：有的詞display,concern,challenge做名詞和做動(dòng)詞都很常見.這時(shí)兩個(gè)都要標(biāo)出來，先標(biāo)你腦子里第一個(gè)出現(xiàn)的詞性。3.動(dòng)詞歸類要細(xì)分為v，v-ed,v-ing。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)空1)動(dòng)詞的確定：動(dòng)詞最容易確定，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)句子沒有動(dòng)詞就等于沒有謂語，是很明顯的缺陷。而且動(dòng)詞的關(guān)聯(lián)性、可比性最差，選這個(gè)和選那個(gè)有天壤之別。判斷原文空缺處所需單詞的詞性，縮小正確選項(xiàng)范圍如何判斷原文空缺處所需單詞的詞性：1.Inparticular,whenolderpatients___ofpain，theyweretolditwasanaturalpartofagingandtheywouldhavetolearntolivewithit.(complain)2.TherainfallisincreasedacrossSouthAmerica，___floodstoPeru.(bring)3.That‘swhyagrowingnumberofhospitalsnowdependuponphysicianswho___inpainmedicine、(specialize)a）前后都是名詞短語，中間一般為動(dòng)詞（時(shí)態(tài)看前后文）;

b)一個(gè)句子有且只有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞;c）一個(gè)完整的句子之后再跟逗號(hào)，后面一般是非謂語動(dòng)詞短語。1)動(dòng)詞的確定：動(dòng)詞最容易確定，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)句子沒有動(dòng)詞就等于沒2)名詞的確定：Thehot,humid(潮濕的)airovertheoceancausessevere

a

thunderstorms.（可能是形容詞，也可能是名詞修飾thunderstorms）Educationsoonbecamea_____.(nightmare)Asthetradewindslessenin

…(strength)如何判斷原文空缺處所需單詞的詞性：名詞主要做主語、賓語;b.形容詞或名詞都可以修飾名詞;c.限定詞（the,this,that,a,my之類）后必有名詞;d.謂語動(dòng)詞前必有名詞或名詞性質(zhì)的主語e.介詞后面必有名詞或相當(dāng)與名詞的詞.f.定語從句前面是名詞

2)名詞的確定：Thehot,humid(潮濕的)a4)副詞的確定：3)形容詞的確定：1．名詞的前面?！瓀omenare

customers.2．副詞的后面?！璄lNinobroughtthemost

weatherinmodernhistory.3．句子的前面。Not

,thejuryfoundthembothguilty.

2．形容詞的前面。…buttheyarestillnot

surewhatleadstoit…1．動(dòng)詞的附近（指前面或后面）?！璼tudents

outperformtheirpeers……jobsthatusedtobedone

bywomen…如何判斷原文空缺處所需單詞的詞性：4)副詞的確定：3)形容詞的確定：1．名詞的前面。2．副詞的ExampleThefloodofwomenintothejobmarketboostedeconomicgrowthandchangedU.S.societyinmanyways.Manyin-homejobsthatusedtobedone(1)________bywomen—rangingfromfamilyshoppingtopreparingmealstodoing(2)_______work—stillneedtobedonebysomeone.Husbandsandchildrennowdosomeofthesejobs,a(3)______thathaschangedthetargetmarketformanyproducts.Oraworkingwomanmayfaceacrushing“povertyoftime“andlookforhelpelsewhere,creatingopportunitiesforproducersoffrozenmeals,childcarecenters,drycleaners,financialservices,andthelike.Althoughthereisstillabigwage(4)________betweenmenandwomen,theincomeworkingwomen(5)________themnewindependenceandbuyingpower.Forexample,womennow(6)_________abouthalfofallcars.Notlongago,manycarsdealers(7)_________womenshoppersbyignoringthemorsuggestingthattheycomebackwiththeirhusbands.Nowcarcompanieshaverealizedthatwomenare(8)________customers.It’sinterestingthatsomeleadingJapanesecardealerswerethefirstto(9)_________payattentiontowomencustomers.InJapan,fewerwomenhavejobsorbuycars–theJapanesesocietyisstillverymuchmale—oriented.Perhapsitwasthe(10)_________contrastwithJapanesesocietythatpromptedAmericanfirmstopaymoreattentiontowomenbuyers.A）scale B）retailed C）generateD）extremeE）technically F）affordable G）situationH）reallyI）potential J）gap K）voluntaryL）excessiveM）insulted N）purchase O）primarilyExampleThefloodofwomen解題步驟將15個(gè)單詞按詞性歸類閱讀文章，弄清楚空格中所需單詞的詞性根據(jù)上下文，在相應(yīng)詞類中找出合適的詞通讀全文，檢查所填的詞是否具有邏輯性解題步驟將15個(gè)單詞按詞性歸類閱讀文章，弄清楚空格中所需單詞Step1:詞性歸類

A)scale

B)retailed

C）generate

V-edn.v.G）situation

J）gap

N）purchase

M)insulted

N）purchase

adv.

adj.

E）technically

F）affordable

H）really

O)primarilyI）potential

K）voluntary

L）excessive

OtherClassificationsD)extremeStep1:詞性歸類A)scaleB)retaExampleThefloodofwomenintothejobmarketboostedeconomicgrowthandchangedU.S.societyinmanyways.Manyin-homejobsthatusedtobedone(1)________bywomen—rangingfromfamilyshoppingtopreparingmealstodoing(2)_______work—stillneedtobedonebysomeone.Husbandsandchildrennowdosomeofthesejobs,a(3)______thathaschangedthetargetmarketformanyproducts.Oraworkingwomanmayfaceacrushing“povertyoftime“andlookforhelpelsewhere,creatingopportunitiesforproducersoffrozenmeals,childcarecenters,drycleaners,financialservices,andthelike.Althoughthereisstillabigwage(4)________betweenmenandwomen,theincomeworkingwomen(5)________themnewindependenceandbuyingpower.Forexample,womennow(6)_________abouthalfofallcars.Notlongago,manycarsdealers(7)_________womenshoppersbyignoringthemorsuggestingthattheycomebackwiththeirhusbands.Nowcarcompanieshaverealizedthatwomenare(8)________customers.It’sinterestingthatsomeleadingJapanesecardealerswerethefirstto(9)_________payattentiontowomencustomers.InJapan,fewerwomenhavejobsorbuycars–theJapanesesocietyisstillverymuchmale—oriented.Perhapsitwasthe(10)_________contrastwithJapanesesocietythatpromptedAmericanfirmstopaymoreattentiontowomenbuyers.A）scale B）retailed C）generateD）extremeE）technically F）affordable G）situationH）reallyI）potential J）gap K）voluntaryL）excessiveM）insulted N）purchase O）primarilyadv.adj.n.n.v.v.V-ed.adj.adv.adj.ExampleThefloodofwomenExampleThefloodofwomenintothejobmarketboostedeconomicgrowthandchangedU.S.societyinmanyways.Manyin-homejobsthatusedtobedone(1)________bywomen—rangingfromfamilyshoppingtopreparingmealstodoing(2)_______work—stillneedtobedonebysomeone.Husbandsandchildrennowdosomeofthesejobs,a(3)______thathaschangedthetargetmarketformanyproducts.Oraworkingwomanmayfaceacrushing“povertyoftime“andlookforhelpelsewhere,creatingopportunitiesforproducersoffrozenmeals,childcarecenters,drycleaners,financialservices,andthelike.Althoughthereisstillabigwage(4)________betweenmenandwomen,theincomeworkingwomen(5)________themnewindependenceandbuyingpower.Forexample,womennow(6)_________abouthalfofallcars.Notlongago,manycarsdealers(7)_________womenshoppersbyignoringthemorsuggestingthattheycomebackwiththeirhusbands.Nowcarcompanieshaverealizedthatwomenare(8)________customers.It’sinterestingthatsomeleadingJapanesecardealerswerethefirstto(9)_________payattentiontowomencustomers.InJapan,fewerwomenhavejobsorbuycars–theJapanesesocietyisstillverymuchmale—oriented.Perhapsitwasthe(10)_________contrastwithJapanesesocietythatpromptedAmericanfirmstopaymoreattentiontowomenbuyers.1.Oprimarily2.Kvoluntary3.Gsituation4Jgap5.Cgenerate6.Npurchase7.Minsulted8.Ipotential9.Hreally10.Dextremeadv.adj.n.n.v.v.V-ed.adj.adv.adj.ExampleThefloodofwomen以ion,age,ness,ty,ship,ace,ance,ancy,ence,ency,dom,itude,um,mony結(jié)尾的大都是名詞；以ize,ise,fy結(jié)尾的大都是動(dòng)詞；以ive,ent,ant,ful,ous,able,ary,ic,cal,less結(jié)尾的是大都是形容詞；以ly,s,ways,wise結(jié)尾的大都是副詞。詞綴附表：詞綴附表：1.名詞后綴

1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或職業(yè)的人或物：worker,debtor,actress,democrat,

2)-acy,表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，境遇"democracy,accuracy,diplomacy

3)-ance,-ence表示"性質(zhì)，狀況，行為，過程，總量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience

4)-ancy,-ency,表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，行為，過程"frequency,urgency,efficiency,

5)-bility,表示"動(dòng)作，性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)"possibility,flexibility,feasibility,

6)-dom,表示"等級(jí)，領(lǐng)域，狀態(tài)"freedom,kingdom,wisdom

7)-hood,表示"資格，身份,年紀(jì)，狀態(tài)"childhood,manhood,falsehood

8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示"行為的過程，結(jié)果，狀況"action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction

9)-ism,表示"制度，主義，學(xué)說，信仰，行為"socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism

10)-ity,表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度”purity,reality,ability,calamity

11)-ment,表示"行為，狀態(tài)，過程，手段及其結(jié)果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument

12)-ness,表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度"goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness

13)-ship,表示"情況，性質(zhì)，技巧，技能及身份，職業(yè)”hardship,membership,friendship

14)-th,表示"動(dòng)作，性質(zhì)，過程，狀態(tài)"depth,wealth,truth,length,growth

15)-tude,表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度"latitude,altitude(海拔)

16)-ure,表示"行為，結(jié)果"exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手續(xù))，

17-grapy,表示"……學(xué)，寫法”biography,calligraphy,geography

18)-ic,ics,表示"……學(xué)……法"logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics

19)-ology,表示"……學(xué)……論”biology,zoology,technology(工藝學(xué))

20)-nomy,表示"……學(xué)……術(shù)"astronomy,economy,bionomy(生態(tài)學(xué))1.名詞后綴

1)-or/er/ess/crat/c2.形容詞后綴

(1)帶有“屬性，傾向，相關(guān)”的含義

1)-able,-ible,visible