預(yù)防滑倒、絆倒、跌倒教材課件

Slips,Trips,andFallsPrevention

滑倒、絆倒和跌倒的預(yù)防Slips,Trips,andFallsPrevenIssue–STF

問題–滑倒、絆倒&跌倒STF’srepresents#1causeofinjury滑倒、絆倒&跌倒（STF）是造成損傷的第1原因STF’soccurinanypartoftheworkplacewhetherinsideoroutside.STF的發(fā)生會出現(xiàn)在室內(nèi)外工作場所的任何地方STF’smayresultinseriousoutcomesSTF可能導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重后果STF’scosttobothworkerandemployercanbegreatSTF可以給雇員和雇主帶來巨大的損失STF’sislikesteppingonmoneySTF帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)損失ToWorker對雇員而言：ToEmployer對雇主而言：Pain疼痛lostwages損失薪水temporaryorpermanentdisability暫時(shí)或永久性殘疾reducedqualityoflife生活質(zhì)量減低Depression沮喪消沉lossinproductivityandbusiness生產(chǎn)和業(yè)務(wù)受損increasedindustrialinsurancepremiums工傷保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用升高costsassociatedwithtrainingreplacementworker與培訓(xùn)替代雇員有關(guān)的成本costofmedicaltreatment醫(yī)療成本Issue–STF

問題–滑倒、絆倒&跌倒STFSlip滑倒絆倒TripDefinitionofSTF

滑倒、絆倒&跌倒（STF）的定義Whenyourfoot(orlowerleg)hitsanobjectandyourupperbodycontinuesmoving,throwingyouoffbalance.當(dāng)你的腳部（或小腿）碰到一個物體，而你的上身繼續(xù)移動時(shí)，你會失去平衡。Occurswhenyouaretoofaroffyourcenterofbalance.當(dāng)你距離自身的平衡中心點(diǎn)過遠(yuǎn)時(shí)，你會跌倒。Whenyoustepdownunexpectedlytoalowersurface(Misstep)andloseyourbalance,e.g.,steppingoffacurb.當(dāng)你突然踏空（失足）并失去平衡時(shí)，比如，在道牙上踏空。Whenthereistoolittlefrictionortractionbetweenyourfeet(footwear)andthewalkingorworkingsurface,andyouloseyourbalance.當(dāng)你的腳部（鞋）與行走或工作的路面之間的摩擦力或牽引力過小時(shí)，你因此失去平衡。Trip絆倒DefinitionofSTFFriction:Theresistanceencounteredwhenanobject(foot)ismovedincontactwithanother(ground).Frictionisnecessaryinordertowalkwithoutslipping.STF摩擦力的定義：一個物體（腳部）與另一個物體（地面）接觸并在該物體上移動時(shí)產(chǎn)生的阻力。摩擦力是平穩(wěn)行走的必要因素。Fall跌倒Slip絆倒TripDefinitionofSTF

滑倒CommontypesofSTFInjuries:

滑倒、絆倒&跌倒造成的常見傷害類型：Sprains,strains扭傷、拉傷Bruises,contusions瘀傷、挫傷Fractures骨折Abrasions,lacerations擦傷、破口CommontypesofSTFInjuries:

CommonlyaffectedBodyParts:

容易受傷的身體部位：Knee,Ankle,Foot膝蓋、踝部、腳部Wrist,Elbow手腕、肘部Back后背Shoulder肩膀Hip髖部Head頭部CommonlyaffectedBodyParts:

MANYOFTHESECOULDHAVEBEENPREVENTED很多事故本來可以避免AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofLabor,slips,trips,andfallsmakeupthemajorityofgeneralindustryaccidents.根據(jù)美國勞工部的數(shù)據(jù)，滑倒、絆倒和跌倒占一般工傷事故的大部分。25%ofreportedclaimsperfiscalyearareduetoSTF在每財(cái)年的上報(bào)索賠記錄中，25%與滑倒、絆倒和跌倒有關(guān)。Over17%ofalldisablingworkinjuriesaretheresultoffalls在所有導(dǎo)致殘疾的工傷中，超過17%是由跌倒造成的。MANYOFTHESECOULDHAVEBEENHumanFactorsIncreasingtheRiskofSlips,TripsandFalls

增加滑倒、絆倒&跌倒發(fā)生的人為因素FactorsofSTF導(dǎo)致滑倒、絆倒&跌倒的因素Healthandphysicalconditioncanimpairaperson’svision,judgment,andbalance.健康和身體狀況會影響一個人的視覺、判斷力和平衡性Eyesight,visualperception視力、視覺感知Age年齡Physicalstate,fatigue身體狀況、疲勞Stress,illness壓力、疾病Medications,alcohol,drug藥物治療、飲酒、吸毒Behaviours–actionsyouchooseandcontrolcancontributetoaslip,trip,andfallinjuryifyousetyourselfupforone.行為

–如果你馬虎大意，那么你選擇和支配的行為將會導(dǎo)致滑倒、絆倒和跌倒損傷。Carryingormovingcumbersomeobjects,ortoomanyobjects,thatobstructyourviewimpairyourbalanceandpreventyoufromholdingontohandrails手提或搬動笨重的物品或過多物品會妨礙你的視野，影響你的平衡并使你無法扶著扶手。Poorhousekeeping(allowingcluttertoaccumulate,notmaintainingcleandryfloors,etc.)不合格的環(huán)境整潔狀況（使混亂狀態(tài)不斷加重，未能保持地面的干凈和干爽等）Usingimpropercleaningmethods(e.g.,incorrectlyusingwaxorpolish;ortryingtocleanupgreasespillwithwater)使用不當(dāng)?shù)那鍧嵎椒ǎㄈ?，不?dāng)使用蠟或上光劑；或試圖用水來清洗油脂溢出物）Notusingsignagewhensliportriphazardsexist當(dāng)滑倒或絆倒危險(xiǎn)存在時(shí)，沒有使用標(biāo)志牌InattentiveBehavior:walking,distractions(e.g.,usingcellphone,talkingandnotwatchingwhereyou’regoing,etc.)分散精力的行為：走路時(shí)分散注意力的行為（如，打電話、走路時(shí)與人交談及沒有注意觀察等）Takingshortcuts;notusingwalkwaysordesignated,clearedpathways;beinginahurry,rushingaround抄近路：未使用通道或指定的無障礙物路徑；匆忙趕路HumanFactorsIncreasingtheRFactorsIncreasingtheRiskofSlips,TripsandFalls

滑倒、絆倒&跌倒發(fā)生增加的因素

Clutter混亂的環(huán)境

NotPayingAttention馬虎大意FactorsIncreasingtheRiskofFactorsIncreasingtheRiskofSlips,TripsandFalls

令滑倒、絆倒&跌倒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加的因素

NotPayingAttention馬虎大意ImproperMethodofCarryingItems不當(dāng)搬運(yùn)物品FactorsIncreasingtheRiskof

OthercommonhazardstoLookoutFor

警惕其他常見的危險(xiǎn)Reportthesedangers上報(bào)這些危險(xiǎn)FactorsIncreasingtheRiskofSlips,TripsandFallscont’d滑倒、絆倒&跌倒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加的因素（續(xù)）OthercommonhazaHousekeeping環(huán)境整潔

Closefilecabinetorstoragedrawers關(guān)上文件柜或抽屜Reportcables/wiresthatcrosswalkway報(bào)告出現(xiàn)在通道上的電纜/電線Keepworkingareasandwalkwayswelllitandclear保持工作場所和通道的良好照明及清潔情況Reportburnedoutbulbs報(bào)告燈泡短路Beawareofyoursurroundingsandreportanyperceiveddanger留心周圍的物品，報(bào)告潛在的危險(xiǎn)Housekeeping環(huán)境整潔ClosefilecaHousekeepingDON’Ts…………

環(huán)境整潔避免……Propfiredoorsopen.長時(shí)間打開防火門Storematerialsinstairwells.在樓梯間存放物品Storetrashcansinfrontofdoorway.將垃圾桶擺放在門口-Usecinderblocktopropopenthedoors.為保持門的敞開狀態(tài)而用爐渣磚抵住門Usechairtoblockanemergencycut-offvalve.用椅子擋住緊急切斷閥Placechairsindangerousareas.Forexample,thechairinthepicturecouldrepresentastruckagainsthazard.Someonecouldsitinthechair,andstriketheirheadonthepipeandvalvebehindit.將椅子放在危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域。比如，圖片中的椅子可能是導(dǎo)致碰撞的危險(xiǎn)因素。坐在椅子上的人可能將頭撞到身后的管子和閥門上。Thischaircouldalsoencouragesmokinginthestairwell.這把椅子也可能增加人們在樓梯間吸煙的幾率。

Do………Reportthesedangers!務(wù)必上報(bào)這些危險(xiǎn)情況！HousekeepingDON’Ts…………

環(huán)境整潔Slip,TripandFallHazard

滑倒、絆倒和跌倒危險(xiǎn)PROBLEM問題

Slip:ifitiswetoutsideandthematisfoldedback,thenthefloorisgettingwetinsteadofthematabsorbingthewater.滑倒：如果戶外潮濕而墊子翻卷，那么墊子就無法起到吸水的作用，地面也會隨之變得潮濕。Trip:thematisfoldedbackandsomeonecouldcatchtheirfootonthematandtrip.絆倒：因?yàn)閴|子翻卷，有人可能將腳刮到墊子并因此絆倒。Fall:bothawetfloorandcaughtfootcouldcontributetoafall.跌倒：潮濕的地面和腳刮到墊子的情況都可能導(dǎo)致跌倒的發(fā)生。Reportthisdanger!上報(bào)這一危險(xiǎn)情況！Slip,TripandFallHazard

滑倒、Canyouidentifythehazard

你能發(fā)現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)嗎Thissliderepresentsatriphazard.Hereyoucanseeanelectricalcordinthemiddleofthewalkway.Thiscordispluggedintoanelectricaloutlet.本頁顯示出一個絆倒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。圖片中，一條電線橫在通道的中間。這條電線插在插座中。ContactFacilitiesManagementtorearrangetheroomsothatthepieceofequipmentisclosetotheoutletorhaveanadditionaloutletinstalled.聯(lián)系設(shè)施管理部門來重新安排房間的布局，使這臺設(shè)備緊靠插座或者安裝額外的插座。Ifthereisnowaytorearrangetheroomorinstallanewoutlet,thenrunthecordupthewallacrosstheceilinganddownthewalltopreventthetripandfallhazard.如果無法重新安排