上海交通大學(xué)考博英語歷年真題及詳解

2008年上海交通大學(xué)考博英語真題及詳解PartIVocabulary(20%)1.Achildhearshismothertonguespokenfrommorningtillnightinits______form.A.correctB.accurateC.genuineD.perfect2.ThefirstfewmonthsoftheyearIhaddreadedtheringingofthetelephone,becauseIknewitmeantanother______decisiontobemade.A.criticalB.plentifulC.decentD.massive3.Inprotest,blacksand______whitessatatthecountersoftheserestaurantsandrefusedtomoveuntiltheywereserved.A.sensibleB.indifferentC.influentialD.sympathetic4.Thebraindrainofexpertsawayfromdevelopingcountrieswillgreatlyinfluencethesecountries’developmentof______industry.A.complicatedB.sophisticatedC.primitiveD.collective5.______intheirislandcommunity,thevarioustribesusedlanguageswhichbecamemoreandmoresimilartoeachother’s.A.ManagedB.ShrunkC.AssumedD.Isolated6.Iffullcreditweregiventothispart,itcould______ahighgradeforthestudentinhisphysicalcourse.A.belongtoB.beduetoC.besubjecttoD.contributeto7.Theteacherwroteabriefcommentinthe______toshowthestudentwhyitiswrong.A.manualB.marginC.edgeD.verge8.Thestructureofthisanimal’sbraingivesno______thatitisanymoreintelligentthanothers.A.indicationB.indexC.hintD.implication9.Whileotherssatathomestudyingpapersonthesubject,Jeffersongotintoaboatandmade______observations.A.of-the-spotB.in-the-spotC.on-the-spotD.at-the-spot10.Canyouexplainthis______oftenyearsinyourjobhistorywhichyouhavenotaccountedfor?A.interruptionB.gapC.splitD.paring11.Mrs.Thompsongaveusa______accountofwhathadhappened;that’swhywenolongerbelieveinthesincerityofherutterance.A.curvedB.distortedC.twistedD.tangled12.Theheadlightsoftheapproachingcarwereso______thatthecyclisthadtostopriding.A.gleamingB.staringC.glaringD.dazzling13.Somecultureshavecustomsthat______theclothingfashionsofpeopleincertainsocialclasses.A.modifyB.alterC.regulateD.revise14.The______beautyofthemountainhasmadeitaworld-famousresort.Everyyearnumeroustouristsfromhomeandabroadcometovisitit.A.perpetualB.perplexedC.preservedD.perished15.Thekitchenwassmalland______sothatthedisabledwomancouldreacheverythingwithoutdifficulty.A.complexB.completeC.compactD.composite16.Withthe______ofaluminum,shinymetalssuchastinorcopperturnsintoblackpowderswhengroundfine.A.receptionB.deceptionC.exceptionD.perception17.CaliforniansandNewEnglandersspeakthesamelanguageand______bythesamefederallaws.A.conformB.abideC.sustainD.comply18.Ideas______fromone’sownexperiencearesometimesmorevaluablethanthosefrombooks.A.derivedB.deprivedC.retreatedD.restored19.Ifyouwantto______apleasantvisit,findoutasmuchaspossibleaboutthemannersandcustomsofyourhostcountry.A.secureB.insureC.assureD.ensure20.For50yearstheywereabletoproduceandselltheirgoodsmorecheaplythanothercountriesandthisgavethema______advantageinworldtrade.A.considerableB.concreteC.considerateD.conventional21.Becauseofthemassiveoilspillageinthegulf,boththeplantandanimallivesintheareaarein______.A.destinyB.amenityC.jeopardyD.tragedy22.Theyignoredhim,despitehisrepeated______thathewasnotonthesceneofmurderthatevening.A.assumptionsB.suppositionsC.affirmationsD.confirmations23.Theleaseis______insayingthattherentmustbepaidindollarsbythe20thofeverymonth.A.explicitB.implicitC.conspicuousD.distinctive24.Hewasinextremestateofdistressanddepressionwhenheknewthathehad______lungcancer.A.extractedB.contractedC.abstractedD.attracted25.Therelationshipbetweentechnologyanddevelopmentiscomplicated.Attimesthenegativefeaturesoftechnologyseemto______thepositiveones.A.withdrawB.dischargeC.maximizeD.outweigh26.Doyouknowthefactthatbroadbeanscontain______thatmustbedestroyedbycookingthemathightemperaturebeforeeatingthem?A.flakeB.aromaC.etherD.toxin27.Thedoctorinformedhispatientthatthedrugwasvery______andcanhaveunpleasantside-effects.A.potentB.efficientC.intricateD.fragile28.Thepoisonproducedbythespider’sskinisso______thatitwillparalyzeabirdoramonkeyimmediately.A.lethalB.liableC.tediousD.profound29.Over-cultivationandalongperiodofsoilerosionhasreducedthe______ofmuchofthecounty’sfarmland.A.sufficiencyB.fertilityC.prosperityD.mobility30.Owingtoan______lackoflower-incomehousing,themunicipalgovernmentisembarrassedbytheimpressinghousingissue.A.alienB.obscureC.acuteD.elaborate31.Awayfromtheirprofession,scientistsareinherentlynomorehonestorethicalthanotherpeople.Butintheirprofessiontheyworkinanarenathatputsahigh______onhonesty.A.convictionB.inferenceC.cautionD.premium32.Shecriticizedmywritingbutinawaythatwasvery______Ilearnedalotfromher.A.autonomousB.constructiveC.fundamentalD.elementary33.Youknowyourselfbetterthananyoneelse;donotundertakethatprojectunlessyoucan______it.A.complementB.complimentC.implementD.supplement34.Thetwopharmaceuticalcompaniescollaboratedindevelopingnewdrugsto______thepainofpatientsintheterminalstagesofcancer.A.alleviateB.confrontC.insatiateD.terminate35.Anestheticsaresubstances______todeadenpainorproduceaconditioninwhichsomeorallofthesenses,especiallytouch,stopfunctioningorarereduced.A.divertedB.enforcedC.exercisedD.administered36.Somepeoplewanttomakeasmuchmoneyastheycanbecausetheybelievethatmoneycanbringthemfameand______.A.directoryB.moralityC.prestigeD.monopoly37.Sheboughtahousenearthesealastyearsoshecouldtakea______alongthebeachwhenevershewantedto.A.strollB.strideC.stretchD.strand38.Thecolorandsmellofwaterintheserivers______itselfhowseriousthepollutionisbutmanypeoplearestillignoringthefact.A.illustratesB.demonstratesC.manifestsD.exemplifies39.Whenshelearnedthatshebroketheworldrecord,shefeltanirresistible______tocryatthewinner’sstand.A.courtesyB.routineC.braveryD.impulse40.Tosomepeople,thegreatestpleasureoflifeistospendtheirtimeathomewatchingTVand______theirpets.A.strokingB.desiringC.modelingD.flatteringPartIIReadingComprehension(30%)Passage1Howmanythingscanyouseeinthenightsky?Alot!OnaclearnightyoumightseetheMoon,someplanets,andthousandsofsparklingstars.Youcanseeevenmorewithatelescope.Youmightseestarswherebeforeyouonlysawdarkspace.Youmightseethatmanystarslooklargerthanothers.Youmightseethatsomestarsthatlookwhitearereallyredorblue.Withbiggerandbiggertelescopesyoucanseemoreandmoreobjectsinthesky.Andyoucanseethoseobjectsinmoreandmoredetail.Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethingsintheskythatwewillneversee.Wewon’tseethemwiththebiggesttelescopeintheworld,ontheclearestnightoftheyear.That’sbecausethey’reinvisible.They’rethemysteriousdeadstarscalledblackholes.Youmightfindithardtoimaginethatstarsdie.Afterall,ourSunisastar.Yearafteryearweseeitupinthesky,burningbrightly,givingusheatandlight.TheSuncertainlydoesn’tseemtobegettingoldorweak.Butstarsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.Asastar’sgasesburn,theygiveofflightandheat.Butwhenthegasrunsout,thestarstopsburningandbeginstodie.Asthestarcools,theouterlayersofthestarpullintowardthecenter.Thestarsquashesintoasmallerandsmallerball.Ifthestarwasverysmall,thestarendsupasacold,darkballcalledablackdwarf.Ifthestarwasverybig,itkeepssquashinginwarduntilit’spackedtogethertighterthananythingintheuniverse.ImagineiftheEarthwerecrusheduntilitwasthesizeofatinymarble.That’showtightlythisdeadstar,ablackhole,ispacked.Whatpullsthestarintowarditscenterwithsuchpower?It’sthesameforcethatpullsyoudownwhenyoujump—theforcecalledgravity.Ablackholeissotightlypackedthatitsgravitysucksineverything—evenlight.Thelightfromablackholecannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That’swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.Sothenexttimeyoustareupatthenightsky,remember:there’smoreintheskythanmeetstheeye!Scatteredinthesilentdarknessareblackholes—thegreatmysteryofspace.41.Accordingtothearticle,whatcausesastartodie?A.Asitsgasesrunout,itcoolsdown.B.Itcollideswithotherstars.C.Itcanonlyliveforaboutamillionyears.D.Asitgetshotterandhotter,itexplodes.42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTafact?A.Blackholesaredeadstars.B.Blackholeshavegravity.C.Blackholesareinvisible.D.Thereisnothingasmysteriousasablackhole.43.WhathappensAFTERastardies?A.Itbecomesinvisible.B.ItfallstoEarth.C.Itburnsupallofitsgases.D.Itbecomesbrighterandeasiertosee.44.Whycan’tyouseelightwhenyoulookatablackhole?A.Becausemostblackholesaresofaraway.B.Becausethegravityofablackholeissostrongthatitsucksthelightinward.C.Becauseasthestar’sgasesburn,itstopsgivingoffheatandlight.D.Becauseasastarcools,itsouterlayerspullintowarditscenter.45.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A.ThefutureofourSunbillionsofyearsfromnow.B.ThedifferencebetweenourSunandadeadstar.C.Themysteryofblackholesintheuniverse.D.Thesparklinganddyingstarsinthesky.Passage2Byfarthemostcommondifficultyinstudyissimplefailuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork.Thisdifficultyismuchgreaterforthosewhodonotworktoaplanandhavenoregularroutineofstudy.Manystudentsmuddlealong,doingabitofthissubjectorthat,asthemoodtakesthem,orlettingtheirsetworkpileupuntilthelastpossiblemoment.Fewstudentsworktoasettimetable.Theysaythatiftheydidconstructatimetableforthemselvestheywouldnotkeeptoit,orwouldhavetoalteritconstantly,sincetheycanneverpredictfromonedaytothenextwhattheiractivitieswillbe.Therearemanywhostayawayfromtheself-regimentationofaweeklytimetable,anddislikebeingtieddowntoadefiniteprogramofwork.Manyablestudentsclaimthattheyworkincycles.Whentheybecomeinterestedinatopictheyworkonitintensivelyforthreeorfourdaysatatime.Onotherdaystheyavoidworkcompletely.Ithastobeconfessedthatwedonotfullyunderstandthecomplexitiesofthemotivationtowork.Mostpeopleover25yearsofagehavebecomeconditionedtoaworkroutine,andthemajorityofreallyproductiveworkerssetasideregularhoursforthemoreimportantaspectsoftheirwork.The“tough-minded”schoolofworkersisusuallyverycontemptuousoftheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonespontaneously,undertheinfluenceofinspiration.Thosewhobelievethattheyneedonlyworkandstudyasthefittakesthemhaveamistakenbeliefeitherintheirowntalentorinthevalueof“freedom”.Freedomfromrestraintanddisciplineleadstounhappinessratherthanto“self-expression”or“personalitydevelopment”.Oursocietyinsistsonregularhabits,timekeepingandpunctuality,andwhetherwelikeitornot,ifwemeantomakeourwayinsocietywehavetocomplywithitsdemands.46.Themostwidespreadprobleminapplyingoneselftostudyisthatof______.A.thefailuretokeeptoaroutineofmethodicalandintensiveworkB.changingfromonesubjecttoanotherC.unwillingnesstofollowasystematicplanD.applyingoneselftoasubjectonlywhenonefeelsinclined47.Accordingtothepassage,therearemanystudentswho______.A.donotlikebeingcommandedtostudyaccordingtoaweeklytimetableB.aretootimidtoaccustomthemselvestoaweeklytimetableC.refusetoexertthemselvesthewholeweekasifundermilitarydisciplineD.shrinkfromtheself-disciplinerequiredforworkingtoaweeklyplan48.Thoseworkerswithstrictviewsonwork______.A.areverycriticalofthebeliefthatgoodworkcanbeanaturalproductofinstinctB.rejecttheideathatgoodworkissecondnaturetomanC.donotregardasserioustheopinionthatgoodworkcanbedoneatanytimeregardlessofinspirationD.despisetheideathatworkcanbedonewellonlywhenfreefromexternalpressureandpromptedbyinternalstimulus49.InParagraph4“asthefittakesthem”means______.A.whentheyhavetheenergyB.whentheyareinthemoodC.whentheyfindconditionssuitableD.whentheyfeelfit50.Asuitabletitleforthispassagemightbe______.A.AttitudestoStudyB.StudyPlansC.StudyandSelf-disciplineD.TheDifficultiesofStudyingPassage3Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainalone,aboutHK$3,000,000’sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.Asaresultofthis“shrinkage”astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateurs,andthepeoplewhojustcan’thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevisionandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhois,sotospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofshop-lifterisrarelypoor.Hedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthem.Hestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.Inordertopreventthegrowthinshop-liftingoffences,somestores,infact,aredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemisthatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinanotherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999,999passengersmuchsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears’timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!51.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?A.Thereisa“shrinkage”inmarketvalues.B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.52.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey______.A.arementallyillB.arequiteabsent-mindedC.cannotresistthetemptationD.cannotaffordtopayforthegoods53.Accordingtothepassage,law-abidingcitizens______.A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpovertyB.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpayingC.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarketsD.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lilting?A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessional.B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan’thelpthemselvesfromstealingarepoor.D.Theprofessionalsdon’tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.55.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat______.A.“theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestores”B.somepeople“simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops”C.“thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices”D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeoplePassage4Therearethreegeneralmethodspeopleusetoexplainandunderstandtheirworld:beliefs,pseudoscience,andscience.Whatarebeliefs?Well,simplyput,beliefsarewhatyoubelievetobetrue.Inthisfirstmethodofinterpretingmanandtheworld,certainpeopleprovedtheinformationabouthowtheworldworks.Theirteachingsarebeyondquestion.Theirfollowersacceptthesebeliefsbecausetheywanttoacceptthem,notbecauseofscientificevidence.Someexamplesarereligions,suchasChristianity.ChristiansbelieveinoneGod,whocreatedtheuniverseandallthatisinit.TheybelievethatthisGodisactiveinhistory,guidingandteachingHispeople.Likemanyreligions,Christianityprovidesanumberofspecificmoralrulesandprinciplesthatmakeupanimportantpartofitsteachings.Superstitions,suchasFungShui,arealsocommonexamplesofbeliefs.Pseudoscience,alsocalledfakescience,isanybodyofknowledge,methodology,belief,orpracticethatclaimstobescientificorismadetoappearscientific,butisactuallynot.Inpseudoscience,peopleacceptopinionsasfacts,orchoosetobelievecertainfactswhileintentionallyignoringothers,resultinginafalseunderstandingofthingsandevents.Beliefsinmagic,monsters,andghostsfallintothiscategory.BothChineseQigongandIndianYogaareverygoodphysicalexercisesthatcanhelptheirpractitionerskeepfit,butwhensomepeopletrytopersuadeotherstobelievethateitherQigongorYogahavesomemagicalpower,theyareturningQigongorYogaintopseudoscience.Manypeoplefollowpseudosciencebecausebeliefinmagicormysteriouspowersisentertaining.Astrologyhasmillionsoffollowersallaroundtheworld,notbecauseithelpsthemdealwiththeworldinanybetterway,onlybecauseitisjustfun.Ofthethreemethods,onlyscienceprovidesarationalwayofunderstandingtheworld.Itdoesnotprovideamoralsystemasreligiondoes,anditmaynotalwaysbeasentertainingaspseudosciencesometimesis,butitistheonlymethodthatrequiresconstanttestingoffacts,beliefsandideas,resultinginchangingtheoriesaswegetnewinformation.Scienceteachesustodrawconclusionsbasedonevidence,anditalsoteachesusthatsomeevidenceisstrongerthanotherevidence,andhowtojudgetheevidence.Throughourstudyofscience,welearntoacceptuncertainty,toquestionfactsandtheories,andtosearchconstantlyfortruth.Mostofususeallthreemethodsindifferentproportionstoviewourworld.Somescientistsbelieveintheorieswithoutsupportingevidence.Andthescientificmethodisoftenusedforunscientificpurposes.Butscienceistheonlymethodthatisconstantlychanging.Itdoesnotdependontheteachingofoneman.Eachscientistbuildsontheworkofothersandhisfindings,inturn,areusedbyotherstoincreaseourknowledgeoftheworld.56.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeagoodtitleofthepassage?A.ScienceandPseudoscienceB.ReligiontrodScienceC.Science,PseudoscienceandReligionD.DifferentWaysofViewingtheWorld57.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Nobeliefsaresupportedbyscientificevidence.B.Pseudosciencealwaysleadstoafalseunderstandingofthingsorevents.C.Scienceneverquestionsfacts.D.Scientistsacceptnothingwithoutscientificevidence.58.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutscience?A.Scienceacceptsuncertainty.B.Sciencedoesnotpushpeopletofollowanyspecificsetofmoralrules.C.Scienceteachesustoweighdifferentevidence.D.Scienceurgesusnottoacceptanybeliefsorideas.59.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutPseudoscience?A.Qigongispseudoscience.B.Pseudoscienceprovidesnosupportingevidence.C.Pseudosciencecanbeentertaining.D.Pseudosciencehasnothingtodowithbeliefs.60.Theword“astrology”(paragraph3)mostprobablyrefersto______.A.studyofthepositionofstarsinthebeliefthattheyinfluencehumanaffairsB.asetofmethodsusedindoingthingsefficientlyinourlifeC.centraldataprocessingunitofacomputerpopularlyusedtodayD.scientificstudyoftheearth’scrust,rocks,etc,andofthehistoryofitsdevelopmentPassage5Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutchangingtheirbodyshape,theyusuallyfocusonjustlosingweight.Booksandmagazinesaboutdietingareamongthemostpopularintheworld.Dietingisanimportantpartofstayingfitandhealthy,butlosingweightbymeansofdietingtakestime;losingweighttoofastcancausegreathealthproblems.Dietingmeanschangeone’seatinghabitstoahealthierpattern,butmanywomenmistaketheconceptofdietingandthinkthatthelessoneeats,thebetter.Asaresult,theylosehealthaswellasweight.Aerobicexerciseisamoderateintensityworkoutthat,overacertainperiodoftime,willimprovethebody’suseofoxygen.Nowadays,aerobicexercisehasbecomeaverytrendyworkoutamongyouths.Notonlyisperformingaerobicexerciseinteresting,butitisalsoverybeneficialforhealth.Therearedifferenttypesofaerobicslikejogging,swimming,kickboxing,fitnesswalking,inlineskating,bicycling,etc.Aerobicsstrengthenstheheartandlungs.Itisalsoespeciallypopularwithwomen.Butneitherofthesetwomethod,dietingandaerobics,canhelpshapethebody.Todothis,youneedtobuildmuscle.So,ifafirmerandshapelierbodyisyourgoal,60percentofyourexerciseroutineshouldinvolvestrengtheningmoves,andonly30percentshouldbeaerobicexercises.Foraproperbody-shapingroutine,youshouldplanthreestrength-trainingsessionsaweekwithweights.Useweightswhichareasheavyaspossiblewhilestillallowingyoutodo8to12repsofeachexercise.Doonetothreeexercisesforeachmusclegroups—forexample,chestandbiceps,orback,shouldersandtriceps.Youshouldcombinethiswithfast-pacedaerobicsactivities,likeswimming,cycling,walking,running,orin-lineskating.Planthreetofourworkoutsaweek,15to20minuteseach,increasingthepaceeachweek.Asyoubuildmuscle,youmayfindthatyougainweightinspiteofallofyourcalorie-burningexercise.Don’tworry.It’sprobablymuscle,whichisdenserthanfat.Andmuscleisalsoacalorie-burningtissue.Withmoremuscle,youcanburnmorecalories,evenwhenyouarenotexercising.Whenyouaretryingtobuildmuscle,youneedtwotothreeservingsofproteinaday,butthemainpartofyourdietshouldbecarbohydrates.Andinordertogettheenergyyouneedforahigh-intensityworkout,youshouldeatsomething,especiallycarbohydrates,anhourorsobeforeyourworkout.Whileweighttrainingwillfirmandshapeyourbody,ithasotherbenefitstoo.Itimprovesboneandmusclestrengthandburnscalories,leadingtoimprovedhealthandahigherqualityoflife.61.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutdieting?A.Dietingisaboutchangingone’seatinghabits.B.Dietingdoesnotnecessarilymeaneatingless.C.Dietingdoesnotnecessarilymeanlosingweight.D.Losingweightisboundtocausegreathealthproblems.62.“Workouts”includeallthefollowingexcept______.A.bicyclingB.dietingC.weighttrainingD.aerobicexercise63.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthesuggestionsgiveninthepassage?A.Exerciseshouldbedoneforeachmajorgroupofmuscles.B.Whenyoudoweight-training,theweightsyouuseshouldbeasheavyaspossible.C.Goonaproperdietformuscle-building.D.Muscle-buildingexerciseshouldbecombinedwithaerobicactivities.64.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Muscle-buildingexerciseresultsinweight-gaining,butthatisnotaproblemtoworryabout.B.Musclehelpsonekeepfit.C.Improvedmusclestrengthcanleadtoahigherqualityoflife.D.Weight-traininghelpsshapeupyourbody.65.What’stheultimatepurposeofstrength-trainingwithweights?A.Toincreasethepaceofyouraerobicexercise.B.Toburnmorecaloriesandloseweight.C.Tobuildmuscleandloseweight.D.Toshapeyourbodyandmakeyourlifemoreenjoyable.Passage6InNewOrleans,MoonWalk—apathwayalongastretchoftheMississippi—nowprovidesthepublicaccessthathadpreviouslybeendenied.It’sacharmingplace,whereonenightrecentlyabandplayedonthewalkastouristsandresidentsoftheadjacentVieuxCarre(theOldQuarterorFrenchQuarter)strolledpast.Afewfeetwest,thepaddlewheelerNatchezsoundeditswhistle,signalingitsimminentdeparture.NowthecityplanstoextendpublicaccesstotheareaadjoiningMoonWalkinanambitiousdesignthatwill,thecityhopes,beapartofitsdevelopmentforthenextworld’sfair.Thismoreambitiousconceptforthewaterfrontwillbelikelytostirconsiderabledebateascompetingprojectsviefortheopportunitiesforprofit.Thedevelopmentwillthereforerequiresubstantialparticipation,cooperationandscrutinybycitizenstomakesurethatwhileprivateprofitabilityismaintained,thepublic’sneedsaresatisfied,too.  Thejointeffortsofenvironmentalists,business-people,civicleadersandpoliticianshavetransformedabandonedportlandscapesincitiesthroughoutAmericaintoexcitingcommercialandrecreationalcenters.ExamplesaretheCanneryinSanFrancisco,theRiverfrontWalkinSanAntonio,FaneuilHallMarketinBostonandHarborplaceinBaltimore.It’seasytounderstandwhytheportareaswereneglected.Whilemanycitiesweregrowingupalongrivers,lakesandnaturalharbors,dependingonwater-bornecommerce,waterfrontsthrived.AfterWorldWarⅡ,however,technologicalchangesintransportation—improvedplanesandairports,theinterstatehighwaysystem,largertracksforfreighttrainsandcontainerizedshipping—mademanyoldportfacilitiesobsolete.Waterfrontareasbecameperipheraltothelifeofthecity.Pierswereabandoned,andthewaterfrontslayidleinmanyoldercities,parallelingthemoregeneralurbandecay.Withthe1970’scameaperiodofreflectiononthisconditionandaresurgenceofurbanpride.Urbanrenewalstoppedbeingalicenseforlarge-scaledemolition;politiciansandplannerstookahardlookattheiravailableresourcesandbegantoexperimentwithnewdevelopmenttechniques.Waterfrontsbecameonefocusofthelargeurban,revitalizationeffort.66.TheoverallimpressionofMoonWalkconveyedinthefirstparagraphisthatitis______.A.crowdedB.noisyC.largeD.pleasant67.Asusedinthepassage,theword“vie”(Para.2,Line3)mostnearlymeans______.A.askB.competeC.prepareD.provide68.The