2019年英語(yǔ)高考考試大綱

英語(yǔ)

考核目標(biāo)與要求

一、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)

要求考生掌握并能運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)以及所學(xué)功能意念和話題(見(jiàn)

附錄1至附錄5),要求詞匯量為3500左右。

二、語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用

1.聽(tīng)力

要求考生能聽(tīng)懂所熟悉話題的簡(jiǎn)短獨(dú)白和對(duì)話?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

(1)理解主旨要義；

(2)獲取具體的事實(shí)性信息；

(3)對(duì)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容做出推斷；

(4)理解說(shuō)話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

2.閱讀

要求考生能讀懂書、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡(jiǎn)短文段以及公告、說(shuō)明、廣告等,

并能從中獲取相關(guān)信息?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

(1)理解主旨要義；

(2)理解文中具體信息；

(3)根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語(yǔ)的含義；

(4)做出判斷和推理；

(5)理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；

(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

3.寫作

要求考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

(1)清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，表達(dá)意思；

(2)有效運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)。

4.口語(yǔ)

要求考生根據(jù)提示進(jìn)行口頭表達(dá)?？忌鷳?yīng)能：

(1)詢問(wèn)或傳遞事實(shí)性信息，表達(dá)意思和想法；

1

（2）做到語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)自然;

（3）做到語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用得體；

（4）使用有效的交際策略。

2

附錄1語(yǔ)音項(xiàng)目表

1.基本讀音

(1)26個(gè)字母的讀音

(2)元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(3)元音字母在輕讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(4)元音字母組合在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(5)常見(jiàn)的元音字母組合在輕讀音節(jié)中的讀音

(6)輔音字母組合的讀音

(7)輔音連綴的讀音

(8)成節(jié)音的讀音

2.重音

(1)單詞重音

(2)句子重音

3.讀音的變化

(1)連讀

(2)失去爆破

⑶弱讀

⑷同化

4.語(yǔ)調(diào)與節(jié)奏

(1)意群與停頓

⑵語(yǔ)調(diào)

⑶節(jié)奏

5.語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)、重音、節(jié)奏等在口語(yǔ)交流中的運(yùn)用

6.朗誦和演講中的語(yǔ)音技巧

7.主要英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音差異

3

附錄2語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表

1.名詞

(1)可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù)

(2)不可數(shù)名詞

(3)專有名詞

(4)名詞所有格

2.代詞

(1)人稱代詞

(2)物主代詞

(3)反身代詞

(4)指示代詞

(5)不定代詞

(6)疑問(wèn)代詞

3.數(shù)詞

(1)基數(shù)詞

⑵序數(shù)詞

4.介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)

5.連詞

6.形容詞(比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))

7.副詞(比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))

8.冠詞

9.動(dòng)詞

(1)動(dòng)詞的基本形式

(2)系動(dòng)詞

(3)及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞

(4)助動(dòng)詞

(5)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

10.時(shí)態(tài)

(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

(2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)

4

(3)一般將來(lái)時(shí)

(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

(5)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

(6)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

(7)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

(8)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

(9)過(guò)去完成時(shí)

(10)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

11.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

12.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

(1)動(dòng)詞不定式

⑵動(dòng)詞的-ing形式

(3)動(dòng)詞的-ed形式

13.構(gòu)詞法

(1)合成法

(2)派生法

(3)轉(zhuǎn)化法

(4)縮寫和簡(jiǎn)寫

14.句子種類

(1)陳述句

⑵疑問(wèn)句

(3)祈使句

(4)感嘆句

15.句子成分

⑴主語(yǔ)

(2)謂語(yǔ)

⑶表語(yǔ)

⑷賓語(yǔ)

(5)定語(yǔ)

(6)狀語(yǔ)

⑺補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

5

16.簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型

17.主謂一致

18.并列復(fù)合句

19.主從復(fù)合句

(1)賓語(yǔ)從句

(2)狀語(yǔ)從句

(3)定語(yǔ)從句

(4)主語(yǔ)從句

(5)表語(yǔ)從句

20.間接引語(yǔ)

21.省略

22.倒裝

23.強(qiáng)調(diào)

24.虛擬語(yǔ)氣

6

附錄3功能意念項(xiàng)目表

1.社會(huì)交往(SocialCommunications)

⑴問(wèn)候(Greetings)

(2)介紹(Introduction)

(3)告別(Farewells)

(4)感謝(Thanks)

⑸i&M(Apologies)

(6)邀請(qǐng)(Invitation)

(7)請(qǐng)求允許(Askingforpermission)

(8)祝愿和祝賀(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)

(9)提供幫助(Offeringhelp)

(10)接受和拒絕(Acceptanceandrefusal)

(11)約會(huì)(Makingappointments)

(12)打電話(Makingtelephonecalls)

(13)就餐(Havingmeals)

(14)就醫(yī)(Seeingthedoctor)

(15)購(gòu)物(Shopping)

(16)問(wèn)路(Askingtheway)

(17)談?wù)撎鞖?Talkingaboutweather)

(18)語(yǔ)言交際困難(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)

(19)提醒注意(Reminding)

(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)

(21)勸告(Advice)

(22)建議(Suggestions)

2.態(tài)度(Attitudes)

(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

(24)喜歡和不喜歡(Likesanddislikes)

(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)

(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)

(27)能夠和不能夠(Abilityandinability)

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(28)偏愛(ài)和優(yōu)先選擇(Preference)

(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)

(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)

(31)表?yè)P(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)(Praiseandencouragement)

(32)責(zé)備和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

(33)冷淡(Indifference)

(34)判斷與評(píng)價(jià)(Judgementandevaluation)

3.情感(Emotions)

(35)高興(Happiness)

(36)驚奇(Surprise)

(37)憂慮(Worries)

(38)安慰(Reassurance)

(39)滿意(Satisfaction)

(40)遺憾(Regret)

(41)同情(Sympathy)

(42)恐懼(Fear)

(43)憤怒(Anger)

4.時(shí)間(Time)

(44)時(shí)刻(Pointoftime)

(45)時(shí)段(Duration)

(46)頻度(Frequency)

(47)時(shí)序(Sequence)

5.空間(Space)

(48)位置(Position)

(49)方向(Direction)

(50)距離(Distance)

6.存在(Existence)

(51)存在與不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)

7.特征(Features)

(52)形狀(Shape)

(53)顏色(Colour)

8

(54)材料(Material)

(55)價(jià)格(Price)

(56)規(guī)格(Size)

(57)年齡(Age)

8.計(jì)量(Measuremenl)

(58)長(zhǎng)度(Length)

(59)寬度(Width)

(60)高度(Height)

(61)數(shù)量(Number)

9.比較(Comparison)

(62)同級(jí)比較(Equalcomparison)

(63)差別比較(Comparativeandsuperlative)

(64)相似和差別(Similarityanddifference)

10.邏輯關(guān)系(Logicalrelations)

(65)原因和結(jié)果(Causeandeffect)

(66)目的(Purpose)

11.職業(yè)(Occupations)

(67)工作(Jobs)

(68)單位(Employer)

9

附錄4話題項(xiàng)目表

1.個(gè)人情況(Personalinformation)

2.家庭、朋友與周圍的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)

3.周圍的環(huán)境(Personalenvironments)

4.日?；顒?dòng)(Dailyroutines)

5.學(xué)校生活(Schoollife)

6.興趣與愛(ài)好(Interestsandhobbies)

7.個(gè)人感情(Emotions)

8.人際關(guān)系(Interpersonalrelationships)

9.計(jì)劃與愿望(Plansandintentions)

10.節(jié)假日活動(dòng)(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)

11.(Shopping)

12.飲食(Foodanddrink)

13.健康(Health)

14.天氣(Weather)

15.文娛與體育(Enterlainmenlandsports)

16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)

17.語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)(Languagelearning)

18.自然(Nature)

19.世界與環(huán)境(Theworldandtheenvironment)

20.科普知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)

21.熱點(diǎn)話題(Topicalissues)

22.歷史與地理(Historyandgeography)

23.社會(huì)(Society)

24.文學(xué)與藝術(shù)(Literatureandart)

10

附錄5詞匯表

Aaccommodationn

a(an)artaccompanyv

abandonvaccomplishv

abilitynaccountn

ableaaccountantn

abnormalaaccumulatev

aboardprepaccuracyn

abolishvaccuratea

abortion/?accusev

aboutad&prepaccustomeda

aboveprep,a&adachev&n

abroadadachievev

abruptaachievementn

absencenacida

absentaacknowledgev

absoluteaacquaintancen

absorbvacquirev

abstracta&nacquisitionn

absurdaacren

abundantaacrossprep

abusevact/?<6v

academica&nactionn

academynactivea

acceleratevactivityn

accentnactorn

acceptvactressn

accessn&vactuala

accessibleaacutea

accidentnADabbr

11

ad=advertisementnaffordv

adaptvafraida

adaptationnAfrican

addvAfricana&n

addictedaafterad,prep&conj

additionnafternoonn

addressnafterward(s)ad

adequateaagainad

adjustvagainstprep

adjustmentnagen

administrationnagencyn

admirableaagendan

admirevagentn

admissionnaggressivea

admitvagoad

adolescencenagreev

adolescenta&nagreementn

adoptvagriculturala

adorevagriculturen

adultnaheadad

advancev&naidn&v

advantagenAIDSn

adventurenaimn&v

advertisevairn

advertisementnaircraftn

advicenairlinen

advisevairmailn

advocatevairplanen

affairnairportn

affectvairspacen

affectionnalarmn&v

12

albumnamazinga

alcoholnambassadorn

alcoholica&nambassadressn

algebranambiguousa

alikeadambitionn

aliveaambulancen

allad,a&pronAmerican

allergicaamongprep

alleynamountn&v

allocatevamplea

allowvamusev

allowancenamusementn

almostadanalysev

aloneaanalysisn

alongad&prepancestorn

alongsideadanchorv&n

aloudadancienta

alphabetnandconj

alreadyadanecdoten

alsoadangern

alternativeaanglen

althoughconjangrya

altitudenanimaln

altogetheradanklen

aluminiumanniversaryn

(Amaluminum)nannouncev

alwaysadannoyv

amv(be)annuala

a.m./am,A.M./AMabbranothera&pron

amateuraanswern&v

amazevantn

13

Antarcticaappropriatea

antiquenapprovaln

anxietynapprovev

anxiousaapproximatelyad

anypron&aapronn

anybodypronarbitrarya

anyhowadarchn

anyonepronarchitectn

anythingpronarchitecturen

anywayadArctica

anywhereadarev(be)

apartad&aarean

apartmentnarguev

apologizevargumentn

apologynarise(arose,arisen)v

apparentaarithmeticn

appealv&narmn&v

appearvarmchairn

appearancenarmyn

appendixnaroundad&prep

appetitenarrangev

applaudv&narrangementn

applenarrestv

applicantnarrivaln

applicationnarrivev

applyvarrown

appointvartn

appointmentnarticlen

appreciatevartificiala

appreciationnartistn

approachn&vasad.conj&prep

14

ashnattendv

ashamedaattentionn

Asianattituden

Asiana&nattractv

asideadattractionn

askvattractivea

asleepaaudiencen

aspectnauntn

assessvauthentica

assessmentnauthorn

assistvauthorityn

assistancenautomatica

assistantnautonomousa

associatevautumnn

associationnavailablea

assumevavenuen

assumptionnaveragea&n

astonishvavoidv

astronautnawake(awoke,awoken)v&a

astronomernawardn

astronomynawarea

atprepawayad

athletenawesomea

athleticaawfula

Atlanticaawkwarda

atmospheren

atomnB

attachvbabyn

attackv&nbachelorn

attainvbackad,a&n

attemptv&nbackgroundn

15

backward(s)adbasinn

baconnbasisn

bacterium(p/bacteria)nbasketn

bad(worse,worst)abasketballn

badmintonnbatn

bagnbathn

baggagenbathev

bakerynbathroomn

balancenbathtubn

balconynbatteryn

ballnbattlen

balletnbayn

balloonnBCabbr

bamboonbe(am,is,are,was,

bann&vwere,being,been)v

banananbeachn

bandnbeann

bandagenbeancurdn

banknbear1n

barnbear2v

barbecuenbeardn

barbernbeastn

barbershopnbeat(beat,beaten)v&n

bareabeautifula

bargainn&vbeautyn

barkv&nbecauseconj

barriernbecome(became,become)v

basenbedn

baseballnbeddingsn

basementnbedroomn

basicabeen

16

beefnbike=bicyclen

beernbilln

beforeprep.ad&conjbingon

begvbiochemistryn

begin(began,begun)vbiographyn

behalfnbiologyn

behavevbirdn

behaviour(A/nbehavior)nbirthn

behindprep&adbirthdayn

beingnbirthplacen

beliefnbiscuitn

believevbishopn

bellnbitn

bellynbite(bit,bitten)v

belongvbittera

belowprepblacka&n

beltnblackboardn

benchnblamen&v

bend(bent,bent)vblankn&a

beneathprepblanketn

beneficialableedv

benefitn&vblessv

benta&nblinda

besideprepblockn&v

besidesprep&adbloodn

betrayvblousen

betweenprepblow(blew,blown)v

beyondprepbluen&a

bicyclenboardn&v

bidv&nboatn

big。bodyn

17

boilvbrainn

bombn&vbraken&v

bondn&vbranchn

bonenbrandn

bonusnbravea

bookn&vbraveryn

boomn&vbreadn

bootnbreak(broke,broken)v&n

boothnbreakfastn

bordernbreakthroughn

boredabreastn

boringabreathn

bornabreathev

borrowvbreathlessa

bossnbreweryn

botanicalabrickn

botanynbriden

botha&pronbridegroomn

bothervbridgen

bottlenbriefa

bottomnbrighta

bouncevbrillianta

boundabring(brought,brought)v

boundarynbroada

bowv&nbroadcast(broadcast,

bowlnbroadcast或-ed<ed)v

bowlingnbrochuren

boxnbrokena

boxingnbroomn

boynbrothern

boycottvbrownn&a

18

brunchnC

brushv&ncabn

Buddhismncabbagen

budgetncafen

buffetncafeterian

build(built,built)vcagen

buildingncaken

bunchncalculatev

bungalowncalln&v

burdenncalma&v

bureaucraticacameln

burglarncameran

burn(burnt,burntcampn&v

或-ed,-ed)v&ncampaignn

burstvcan'(could);

buryvcan^cannotmodalv

busncan2n

bushncanaln

businessncancelv

businessman/womancancern

(plbusinessmen/women)ncandidaten

busyacandlen

butconj&prepcandyn

butchern&vcanteenn

butterncapn

butterflyncapitaln

buttonn&vcapsulen

buy(bought,bought)vcaptainn

byprepcaptionn

byeintcarn

carbonn

19

cardnceilingn

caren&vcelebratev

carefulacelebrationn

carelessacelln

carpenterncentn

carpetncentigradea

carriagencentimetre

carriern(Amcentimeter)n

carrotncentrala

carryvcentre(AA?icenter)n

cartoonncenturyn

carvevceremonyn

casencertaina

cashn&vcertificaten

cassettenchainn

cast(cast,cast)vchairn

castlenchairman/woman

casuala{plchairmen/women)n

catnchalkn

cataloguenchallengen

catastrophenchallenginga

catch(caught,caught)vchampionn

categorynchancen

catervchangen&v

Catholicachangeablea

cattlenchanneln

causen&vchantv&n

cautionnchaosn

cautiousachaptern

cavencharactern

CD=compactdiskncharacteristica&n

20

chargev&nChristmasn

chartnchurchn

chatn&vcigarn

cheapacigaretten

cheatn&vcineman

checkn&vcirclen&v

cheekncircuitn

cheern&vcirculatev

cheerfulacircumstancen

cheersintcircusn

cheesencitizenn

chefncityn

chemicala&ncivila

chemistnciviliann

chemistryncivilizationn

cheque(Amcheck)nclapv

chessnclarifyv

chestnclassn

chewvclassica

chickennclassifyv

chiefa&nclassmaten

child。/children)nclassroomn

childhoodnclawn

chocolatenclayn

choicencleanv&a

choirncleanern

choken&vcleara

choose(chose,chosen)vclerkn

chopsticksnclevera

chorusnclickv

Christiannclimaten

21

climbvcome(came,come)v

clinicncomedyn

clockncomfortn

clonevcomfortablea

closea&adcommandn&v

clothncommentn

clothesncommerciala

clothingncommitv

cloudncommitmentn

cloudyacommitteen

clubncommona

clumsyacommunicatev

coachncommunicationn

coalncommunismn

coastncommunistn&a

coatncompanionn

cocoancompanyn

coffeencomparev

coinncompassn

coincidencencompensatev

cokencompetev

colda&ncompetencen

collarncompetitionn

colleaguencompletea&v

collectvcomplexa&n

collectionncomponentn

collegencompositionn

collisionncomprehensionn

colour(A/ncolor)n&vcompromisev

combn&v