裕興新概念英語第二冊(cè)筆記-第31課

Lesson31SuccessStory成功者的故事WhatwasFrank'sfirstjob?YesterdayafternoonFrankHawkinswastellingmeabouthisexperiencesasayoungman.Beforeheretired,Frankwastheheadofaverylargebusinesscompany,butasaboyheusedtoworkinasmallshop.Itwashisjobtorepairbicyclesandatthattimeheusedtoworkfourteenhoursaday.Hesavedmoneyforyearsandin1958heboughtasmallworkshopofhisown.InhistwentiesFrankusedtomakesparepartsforaeroplanes.Atthattimehehadtwohelpers.Inafewyearsthesmallworkshophadbecomealargefactorywhichemployedsevenhundredandtwenty-eightpeople.Franksmiledwhenherememberedhishardearlyyearsandthelongroadtosuccess.Hewasstillsmilingwhenthedooropenedandhiswifecamein.Shewantedhimtorepairtheirgrandson'sbicycle!參考譯文昨天下午弗蘭克.霍金斯向我講述了他年輕時(shí)的經(jīng)歷。在退休前，弗蘭克是一家非常大的商業(yè)公司的經(jīng)理，但他小時(shí)候卻在一家小鋪里做工。他那時(shí)的工作是修理自行車，并且通常是一天工作14個(gè)小時(shí)。他靠多年積蓄，于1958年買下了自己的一個(gè)小鋪?zhàn)印?0多歲的時(shí)候，弗蘭克曾生產(chǎn)飛機(jī)零配件。那時(shí)他有兩個(gè)幫手。幾年之后，小鋪?zhàn)右呀?jīng)發(fā)展成了一個(gè)雇有728人的大工廠。弗蘭克回想著他早年的艱難經(jīng)歷和走過的漫長的成功之路，微笑了。他正笑著的時(shí)候門開了，他的妻子走了進(jìn)來。她叫他去修理孫子的自行車?！綨ewwordsandexpressions】（8）1retire[ri'tai?]v.退休2company['k?mp?ni]n.公司3bicycle ['baisik(?)l]n.自行車4save[seiv]v.積蓄5workshop['w?:k??p]n.車間6helper['help?]n.幫手，助手7employ [im'pl?i]v.雇傭8grandson['gr?ns?n]n.孫子一、單詞講解retire)vi．退休，退職giveuponesregularwork,esp.becauseofage例:Heretiredfromhisdirectorshipattheageof60.他60歲的時(shí)候從主管的職位退休了。2)v．（正式用語）就寢retireforthenight就寢3)V．退下例:Theladiesretiredintothedrawingroom.女士們到客廳里去了。drawingroom客廳（尤指私人大宅中的）retiredadj．退休的例:IamretirednowsoIhavetimetolearnEnglish.我現(xiàn)在退休了，有時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語了。retirementn。退休，退職agracefulretirement體面的退休compulsoryretirement強(qiáng)迫退休resignvi．辭職例:Iwastiredofmyboringjob,soIresignedyesterday.我對(duì)那枯燥的工作感到厭倦，所以我昨天辭職了。employ雇傭employer雇主employee雇員hire雇傭recruit招募，征募解雇：dismissfireettheaxegetthesack失業(yè)：beoutofworkloseone'sjobhired，tiredandfired被雇傭了，累的半死又被解雇了。company1)n．公司，商號(hào)firm:指兩個(gè)人以上合資經(jīng)營的商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)atradingfirm貿(mào)易公司corporation（美）股份有限公司（略為corp．）alimited(liability)company有限責(zé)任公司2)陪同，同座的人，交際，交往例：Ienjoyedhiscompany!有他為伴真是愉快！befondofcompany好交際3)伙伴，朋友，同伴例:Amanisknownbythecompanyhekeeps.（諺）近朱者赤，近墨者黑。bicycle自行車（口語成為bike）構(gòu)成：bi（兩個(gè)）+cycle（輪子）getonabicycle/mountabicycle上自行車getoffabicycle下自行車?yán)篊anyourideabicycle?你會(huì)騎自行車嗎？motorcycle摩托車／（口）motorbikesave1)v．挽救，救savesb/savesthAsIwasgettingonthebus,Islippedandhurtmyfoot.當(dāng)我上公車的時(shí)候，我摔倒了并弄傷了腳。2、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)：1)usedtodo“過去常常做...”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不這樣了，可看成是一般過去時(shí)的特殊形式。相當(dāng)于oftenDid---(was/were...)例:Iusedtogotoworkbybus.NowIgobycar.我過去總是乘公共汽車上班，現(xiàn)在我開車去上班。Before,Ioftenwenttoworkbybus.例:Heusedtobeapostmanalongtimeago.He'sataxidrivernow．很久以前他是一個(gè)郵遞員，現(xiàn)在他是一個(gè)出租車司機(jī)。Hewasapostmanalongtimeago.例:Ihavegivenupsmoking.Iusedtosmokeveryheavily.我現(xiàn)在戒煙了，我過去吸煙吸的很重。Ioftensmokedveryheavilybefore.例:IusedtocollectstampswhenIwasaboy.當(dāng)我還是小男孩的時(shí)候我收集郵票。MyuncleusedtoliveinNewZealandbuthe'snowlivinginAustralia.我的叔叔過去住在新西蘭，現(xiàn)在住在澳大利亞了。2)beusedtodoing習(xí)慣（于）做…becomeusedtodoinggetusedtodoing例:Iusedtogotoworkbybus,butIamusedtogoingbybus.我過去總是坐公共汽車上班，而現(xiàn)在我習(xí)慣開車去上班。Heisusedtothiskindofjob.他已經(jīng)對(duì)這種工作習(xí)慣了。Iamnotusedtogettingupearly.我不習(xí)慣于早起。You'llsoongetusedtoourwayofliving.你很快就會(huì)習(xí)慣我們的生活方式。Exercise：用正確的時(shí)態(tài)填空。l)Whilemywife____(work)inthekitchen,I____(sit)inthegarden.I____(look)atcarswhich(pass)inthestreet,whenasmallcar____(stop)outsidemygateandman____(get)out.2)IwasmostsurprisedtoseethatthemanwasTedHale.We____(be)atthesameschoolyearsago.Inthosedays,Ted____(come)toourhousenearlydayandweoften____(go)outtogether.3)We____(be)greatfriends,butonedaywe____(quarrel)andInever____(see)himagain.Ashe____(get)outofhiscar,I____(call)mylifeandweboth____(hurry)outtogreetanoldfriend.答案：l)wasworkingwassiftingwaslookingwerepassingstoppedgot2)were/hadbeenusedtocome/cameusedtogo/went3)werequarreledsawwasgettingcalledhurried三、課文講解TextYesterdayafternoonFrankHawkinswastellingmeabouthisexperiencesasayoungman.asayoungman/whenhewasayoungman時(shí)間狀語，交代敘述時(shí)間為過去時(shí)experience1)[u]經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)例:Experienceisthebestteacher.Iknowitfromexperience.經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最好的老師，我憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)知道的。2)[C]經(jīng)驗(yàn)之事，經(jīng)歷haveapleasantexperience有一個(gè)愉快的經(jīng)驗(yàn)例:PleasetellusofyourexperienceswhileinAfrica.給我們講一下你在非洲的經(jīng)歷。experiencedadj．有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的例：Heisanexperiencedworked．他是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人。askilledworker技工Beforeheretired,Frankwastheheadofaverylargebusinesscompany,butasaboyheusedtoworkinasmallshop.head1)頭Iamtallerthanmysisterbyahead.我比我妹妹高一頭。2)頭腦，智力Twoheadsarebetterthanone.)三個(gè)臭皮匠頂一個(gè)諸葛亮。3)頭目theheadofafirm公司總裁4)首位，最高位例:Whoisattheheadofyourclass?你們班第一名是誰？5)人頭數(shù)，人數(shù)tendollarsperhead．每人10美元。aboveone'shead（深?yuàn)W得）使人無法理解例:Thenovelisalittleabovemyhead.這個(gè)小說我無法看懂。usedtodo過去常常做...例：Iusedtodrink．我過去常常喝酒。Ididn'tusetodrink．我過去不常喝酒。Didyouusetodrink?你過去常常喝酒嗎？[美]有時(shí)用：Used(you)to."例：Usedyoutodrink?你過去常喝酒嗎？Iusedtorideabicycle,butnowIdriveaCadillac.我過去常常騎白行車，但是現(xiàn)在我開卡迪拉克。Iusedtorideabicycle,butitwasstolenyesterday.soIcamehereonfoot.IusedtolikeMary,butnowIlikeRose.我過去喜歡Mary，但是現(xiàn)在我喜歡Rose。Iusedtobeataxi-driver．我過去是一個(gè)出租車司機(jī)。Oh,really?Ididn’tevenknowyoucoulddrive.哦，真的嗎？我不知道你會(huì)開車呢。Iusedtobealong-distancerunner,butI'msofatnow.我過去是一個(gè)長跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但是現(xiàn)在我太胖了。Itwashisjobtorepairbicyclesandatthattimeheusedtoworkfourteenhoursaday.it是形式主語，不定式才是真正的主語。在英語中。為避免頭重腳輕，保持句子整體平衡，用形式主語it來代替真正的長主語：例：Itisquiteimpossibletofinishthislargebookinamouth．一個(gè)月看完這本大書是不可能的。Itisnecessaryforyoutoreciteallthepassages.背誦所有的課文是必要的。Itisinterestingtotalktoyou．和你談話真有意思。Hesavedmoneyforyearsandin1958heboughtasmallworkshopofhisown.asmallworkshopofhisown(強(qiáng)調(diào)）/hisownsmallworkshopown放在所有格代詞之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)特有，固有的意味。myownideas我自己的主意withmyowneyes親眼目睹Dosoforyourownsake．為了你自己去那樣做。onesown目已陰爾四例：Thethreechildrengrewupandhadfamiliesoftheirown.那三個(gè)小孩長大成人，并且結(jié)婚生子。onone'sown/alone獨(dú)自，靠自己例：Herunsafactoryonhisown．他獨(dú)自經(jīng)營那家工廠。InhistwentiesFrankusedtomakesparepartsforaeroplanes.Atthattime.hehadtwohelpers.inone'stwenties在...二十幾歲的時(shí)候inone'searlytwenties在...二十出頭的時(shí)候inone'slatetwenties在...快三十歲的時(shí)候attheageoftwenty在二十歲inthetwenties在二十年代inthe1920，S在二十世紀(jì)二十年代粟配件，備件aeroplane飛機(jī)Inafewyearsthesmallworkshophadbecomealargefactorywhichemp~oyedsevenhundredandtwentyeightpeople.定語從句修飾factoryFranksmiledwhenherememberedhishardearlyyearsandthelongroadtosuccess.remember:recall;thinkbackhard1)堅(jiān)硬的(反義詞：soft)hardwood:堅(jiān)硬的木頭hardrock堅(jiān)硬的巖石：2)困難的(difficult)ahardtasktocarryout要執(zhí)行的艱難任務(wù)3)刻苦的，勤奮的ahardworker一個(gè)勤奮的工人4)艱苦的例Thesearehardtimes．那時(shí)是艱難的時(shí)期。5)嚴(yán)厲的，無情的ahardteacher一個(gè)嚴(yán)厲的老師thelongroadtosuccess漫長的成功之路Hewasstillsmilingwhenthedooropenedandhiswifecamein*stilladv．仍舊，仍然例:Hewasstillsmiling.Shewantedhimtorepairtheirgrandson'sbicycle!repair修理repair/mend/fixrepairawatch修表repairabike修車mendshoes修鞋mendtheroad修路，補(bǔ)路fixthewatch修理手表fixtheair-conditioner修理空調(diào)Specialdifficultiesexperience例:FrankHawkinswastellingmeabouthisexperiences.FrankHawkins正在給我講他的人生閱歷。Thisjobrequiresalotofexperience.這種工作需要有豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Heisanexperiencedworker．他是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人。save例：Hesavedmoneyforyears．他攢了很多年的錢。Theyoungmandivedintotheriverandsavedtheboy'slife.那位年輕人調(diào)入水中，救了那個(gè)男孩的性命。work/job例:Itwashisjobtorepairbicycles.I'vejustfoundanewjob．我找到了一份新的工作。I'beginworkonMonday．我從周一開始上班。選擇正確的詞填空：1.Heisavery(experience)(experienced)doctor.2.Myfatherenjoydoing(jobs)(works)aboutthehouse.3.Iamlookingforanew(work)(job).4.Thegovernmentistryingtopersuadepeopleto(economize)(save)money.答案：1.experienced2.jobs3.job4.sa