高一英語UNit1直接引語和間接引語人教課標

Grammar直接引語和間接引語DirectandIndirectSpeech(1)Johnsaid,“Ilikereadingnovels.”(2)Johnsaidthathelikedreadingnovels.

直接引語:

間接引語:直接引述別人的原話，把它放在引號內(nèi).用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話.它構(gòu)成賓語從句.Grammar:DirectandIndirectSpeech(1)1.直接引語為陳述句→SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.1)Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.2)Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasateacher.3)Shesaid,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.直接引語為一般疑問句3.直接引語為特殊疑問句直接引語變成間接引語，句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化

Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall.”HesaidthathehadbeentotheGreatWall.

Hesaid,“I'llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”

HesaidthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.1.直接引語為陳述句，變間接引語時，從句的引導詞為that，that在口語中常省略。陳述句解題步驟:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”John

said.Johnsaidthat(Idon’tlikecomputers.)didn’theJohnsaidthat

hedidn’tlike

computers.Hesaid,“Doyouknowhowtogettothehospital?”

Heasked

me

whether/ifIknewhowtogettothehospital.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren'tyou?”

Heasked

mewhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.2.一般疑問句或反義疑問句變間接引語時，要用whether或if引導，并用陳述語序.原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等)一般疑問句解題步驟:Theyaskedhim,“Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?”They

asked

himifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.(it

is

easytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.)askediswasTheyaskedhimif

itwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.3.特殊疑問句變間接引語時，仍用原特殊疑問詞

引導，并用陳述語序。原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等)。Hesaidtome，“What'syourname?”

Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.特殊疑問句解題步驟：Theyaskedhim,“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”

TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheat(you

harvest

thewheat.)heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.4.選擇疑問句

Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”

HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…

1.直接引語變間接引語時，如果主句的謂語動詞為過去時態(tài)，間接引語中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)要做相應的變化，如下：直接引語directspeech間接引語indirectspeech一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時過去完成時過去完成時Hesaidhe…playsfootballisplayinghasplayedplayedwillplayhadplayedplayedfootballwasplayinghadplayedhadplayedwouldplayhadplayed2.主句謂語動詞為現(xiàn)在時，間接引語中的動詞時態(tài)保持不變。He

says,“Ihadagoodtimelastnight.”Hesayshehadagoodtimethenightbefore.attention:時態(tài)保持不變的其他情況1.直接引語是客觀真理，諺語，習語，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變。Hesaid,“theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Hesaid,“Romeisn’tbuiltinaday.”2.直接引語中有明確時間狀語，時態(tài)不變。Tomsaid,“IwasborninMarch,1977.”Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.TomsaidthathewasborninMarch,1977.HesaidthatRomeisn’tbuiltinaday.Theboysaidthatheiseight.3.間接引語中的動詞所表示的情況說話時仍繼續(xù)進行或存在，其時態(tài)可以不變。

Theboysaid,”Iameight.”4.過去進行時，過去完成時時態(tài)保持不變。

直接引語

間接引語指示代詞

時間狀語地點狀語方向性動詞

this,

that,

these

those

now,

then,

today

thatdaythisweek

thatweekyesterday

thedaybefore

lastweek

theweekbefore

fourdaysago

fourdaysbefore

tomorrowthenext/followingdaynextyear

thenext/followingyearhere

therecome,

go,bring,take,borrowlend直接引語中的助動詞間接引語中的助動詞shallshouldshouldshould（不變）willwouldwouldwould（不變）maymightmightmight（不變）cancouldcouldcould（不變）mustmust/hadto人稱代詞的變化“一隨主二隨賓三不變”，即：直接引語中第一人稱變?yōu)榕c主句的主語相一致的人稱；其第二人稱變?yōu)榕c主句中的賓語（即聽話人）相一致的人稱，其第三人稱不用變化。Hesaid,“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.Heasked,“Areyouateacher?”HeaskedmewhetherIwasateacher.Exercises:1.Hesaid,“ImafraidIcan’tfinishthiswork.”2.Hesaid,“Ihaven’theardfromhimsinceMay.”

3.Tomsaid“Iwillseeyounextweek.”

Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn’tfinishthatwork.Hesaidthathehadn’theardfromhimsinceMay.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.4.“Whywereyoulateagain?”Theteachersaidtome.

5.“HaveyoubeentoParis?”Myclassmateaskedme.6.HisfriendsaskedhimifhewouldgotoDalian.TheteacheraskedmewhyIwaslateagain.Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?”MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis.TrytodoSBP.5Ex.2

Changethesentenceseitherintodirectspeechorindirectspeech:1.Annesaidthatshedidn’tknowtheaddressofhernewhome.2.Annetoldherfatherthatshehadgottiredoflookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows.3.Thegirlsaidthatshe

neededtopackupherthingsinthesuitcaseveryquickly.

4.Herfatheraskedherwhyshe

hadchosen

herdiaryandoldletters.5.“Areyouveryhotwi