2023年同等學(xué)力申請碩士學(xué)位英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年同等學(xué)力申請碩士學(xué)位英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Thegovernmentistryingtohelptheseenterprisesoutofthe______byvariousmeans.A.flightB.plightC.delightD.twilight2.Inthelawcourt,thesuspectcouldn't______histimethatnight.A.countonB.accountC.accountforD.count3.Woman:I'mtiredofdrivingallthewaytoworkandbackeveryday,Ifonlycarscoulddrivethemselves!

Man:Well,somecarmanufacturersareworkingonthem.Iguessyou'llsoonbuyoneifyoucanaffordit.

Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Thewomanwillbeabletobuyanintelligentcar.B.Carsthatdrivethemselvesmaybeveryexpensive.C.Heisworkingwithacarproduceronintelligentcars.D.Drivingtoworkisreallyaheadache.4.WeadoptandClingtoBeliefsbecause—orpartlybecause—itpaystodoit.A.agreeonB.relyonC.attendtoD.stickto5.Sinceitislatetochangemymindnow,Iamresolvedtocarryouttheplan.A.reviseB.implementC.reviewD.improve6.WehavedoneallwecouldandnowourcherishedprojectisatthemercyofournewCEO.A.undertheguidanceofB.inthepowerofC.onthevergeofD.ontheagendaof7.A______translationisnotalwaystheclosesttotheoriginalmeaning.A.liberalB.literalC.literaryD.literate8.Athoroughstudyofbiologyrequires______withthepropertiesoftreesandplants,andthehabitofbirdsandbeasts.A.acquisitionB.discriminationC.curiosityD.familiarity9.HestatedthatunlessIceasedharassingSirWilliamhewouldnotbepreparedtodefendme.A.interruptingB.harnessingC.disturbingD.ignoring10.A:Thistoothacheiskillingme.

B.IfIamright,thisisthethirdtimeyou'vehaditthismonth.

A:Youareright.______A.It'sallright.B.It'llbegone.C.Ihavenomethod.D.I'mfedupwithit.11.Hepassed______hoursinthelibrary;heacquiredinformationrelativetothesubjecthewasgoingtoexpound.A.resultingB.resultativeC.resultfulD.resultless12.Sometimesthemessagesareconveyedthroughdeliberate"consciousgestures",andothertimes,ourbodiestalkwithoutourevenknowingit.A.definiteB.intentionalC.interactiveD.delicate13.Thepreliminaryestimateofgainsingrossnationalproductinthiscountryindicatedthatrecoveryfromrecessionwasfasterthananticipated.A.followingB.previousC.formerD.initial14.(Thefarmer)knowssomethingthatthewhole(civilized)mankindseems(tohaveforgotten),namely,(when)theresourcesoflifeonourplanetarenotinexhaustible.A.ThefarmerB.civilizedC.tohaveforgottenD.when15.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:Don'tHesitatetoSay"No".Youshouldwrite150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.

1.別人請求幫助時(shí)，在什么情況下我們會(huì)說“不”?

2.為什么有些人在該說“不”的時(shí)候不說“不”?

3.該說“不”時(shí)不說“不”的壞處。16.Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.A.ThereforeB.AfterwardsC.HoweverD.Furthermore17.Directions:Forthispart,youaretowriteashortessayentitledTheDigitalAge.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinesgivenbelow:

1．如今數(shù)字化產(chǎn)品得到越來越廣泛的使用，例如……

2．?dāng)?shù)字化產(chǎn)品的使用對人們工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活產(chǎn)生的影響。18.Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionofatleast150wordsonHowtoSucceedinaJobinterview?Inyourcomposition,youshouldclearlystateyouropinionandgivereasonstosupportyourarguments.19.Academicfreedomincludesthelibertyofindividualstoexpressfreelyopinionsabouttheinstitutionorsysteminwhichtheywork,tofulfilltheirfunctionswithoutdiscriminationorfearofrepressionbytheStateoranyotheractor,toparticipateinprofessionalorrepresentativeacademicbodies,andtoenjoyalltheinternationallyrecognizedhumanrightsapplicabletootherindividualsinthesamejurisdiction.Theenjoymentofacademicfreedomcarrieswithitobligations,suchasthedutytorespecttheacademicfreedomofothers,toensurethefairdiscussionofcontraryviews,andtotreatallwithoutdiscriminationonanyoftheprohibitedgrounds.20.Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan150words.Theessayshouldbebasedonthetitle:AboutCorruption.21.A:Theconcertsetarecordforattendance.

B:______A.Doyoumanagetofindaseat?B.Thereareplentyseatsleft.C.Howdoyouliketheconcert?D.Iunderstandtherewasn'tanemptyseatinthehouse.22.Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan150words.Theessayshouldbebasedonthetitle:TheQualitiesofaGoodTeacher.23.Untilthelate19thcentury,therewasnouniformsystemoftime-keepingintheUnitedStates.A.ampleB.stationaryC.consistentD.specific24.Hisconstantattemptstodiminishhiscolleagues'achievementseventuallycausedhisdismissal.A.tantalizeB.confineC.lessenD.restrict25.Globaldisasterdeathtollsvarygreatlyyear-to-year.Buttheyhavealsorisenovertime.Disasterexpertssaytheriseintragedyisatleastpartlyduetoincreasesinurbanpopulations.FromthecatastrophicHaitiandChileanearthquakestotheU.S.blizzardthatdescendedonWashington,D.C.,2010isalreadyaboveaverageintermsofnatural-disastercasualties.Incomparisontopreviousyears,thenumberofcasualtiesfromnaturaldisastersin2010,whichisalreadywellabove200,000,isoutsidethenorm.Overthedecadefrom2000totheendof2009,theyearlyaveragewas78,000,accordingtotheUnitedNationsInternationalStrategyforDisasterReduction(ISDR).26.Techniquestoharnesstheenergyofthesunarebeingdeveloped.A.convertB.storeC.utilizeD.receive27.Wecanlearnaboutthehazardsofhuntingbiggamesinstoriesabouttheirancestors.A.adventuresB.pleasuresC.dangersD.consequences28.Directions:Writeacompositioninnolessthan150wordsonthetopic:TheIdealPublicLibrary.Youcouldwriteaccordingtothecluesgivenbelow.

WriteyourcompositionontheAnswerSheet.

Alibraryisaplaceinwhichreadingmaterials,suchasbooks,periodicals,andnewspapers,andoftenothermaterialssuchasmusicalandvideorecordings,arekeptforuseorlending.Describethepubliclibraryyouwouldliketohaveinyourneighborhood.29.ThemilitarymovewastointegratetheWestGermandivisionsintotheAtlanticdefensesystem.A.completeB.excludeC.entailD.incorporate30.Greenplantstakeincarbondioxideandgiveoffoxygeninafood-makingprocesscalledphotosynthesis.A.donateB.checkC.withholdD.release31.Aglobalcompanymustbesensitivetotheculturesandcustomsofthecountrieswhereitoperates.A.patientB.generousC.emotionalD.responsive32.Mostofthelocalpeopleinvolvedintheaffairhavebeen______anddismissed.A.smuggledB.prosecutedC.salutedD.preached33.Directions:

Thegraphsbelowshowthechangeofinfantmortalityandlifeexpectancyinacountry.Writeanessayof150words.Youressaymustbebasedontheinstructionsasfollows:

1.Describethegraphs.

2.Givesomereasons.

3.Predictthefuture.

34.Atfirst,the______ofcolorpicturesoveralongdistanceseemedimpossible,but,withpainstakingeffortsandatgreatexpenses,itbecameareality.A.transactionB.transmissionC.transformationD.transition35.Thebadanddampweatherinthehotareawouldenabletheplantstoget______quickly.A.decomposedB.denouncedC.detachedD.deduced36.Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionontheCompetitionandCooperation.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.

1．競爭和合作普遍存在

2．競爭與合作的作用

3．競爭與合作并存才能促進(jìn)人類發(fā)展37.A(moresophisticated)analysisshowsthatanexpansion(ratherthan)aboycottofwoodproductsis(that)wereallyoughtto(beafter).A.moresophisticatedB.ratherthanC.thatD.beafter38.Directions:Writeatleast150wordsaboutthetopic:MyApproachtoPersonalSuccess.Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.Theimportanceofthepersonalcompetenceandsuccessinlife.

2.Myexperienceonmywaytosuccess.

3.Myopiniononhowtopromotepersonalsuccess.39.Scientistsconsideredthatbuildingadamheremightmenaceanimalslivinginthisarea.A.originatedB.speculatedC.postulatedD.illuminated40.Ifthepopulationkeepsongrowing,therewilleventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheearth.A.succeedB.persuadeC.supportD.continue41.Undernocircumstancesshouldwedoanythingagainstthewillofthepeople.A.InnocaseB.FornoreasonC.BynomeansD.Atnomoment42.Withoutrules,peoplewouldliveinastateofcompletechaos.A.harshnessB.intensityC.disorderD.harmony43.Sometimesadictionarydesignatesanounasattributive,whichmeansthatitcanbeusedtodescribeanothernounornameitsattributes.A.conveysB.definesC.indicatesD.explains44.China'stradesurpluswiththeUSaccountedfor73percentofitstotalsurpluslastyear,butChinahadatrade______withothercountries,including58less-developedcountries.A.increaseB.deficitC.decreaseD.surplus45.Antsfollowscenttrailssopreciselythattheycanlocatetheirnestswithouthesitation.A.findB.fixC.lodgeD.opt46.Directions:Writeacompositionofatleast150wordsentitled

"CanMoneyBuyHappiness?"WriteitclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.47.Eagertoseethesecelebrities,she______acceptedtheinvitationtotheparty.A.reluctantlyB.readilyC.recklesslyD.radically48.Artificialintelligencedealspartlywiththe______betweenthecomputerandthehumanbrain.A.profileB.mightyC.analogyD.leakage49.TheexhibitionisdesignedtofacilitatefurthercooperationbetweenChineseTVindustryandoverseasTVindustries.A.establishB.maximizeC.guaranteeD.promote50.Directions:Writeacompositionofabout150wordsonthefollowingtopic.

Topic:TheValuesofFailure第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：B[解析]將各選項(xiàng)代入，只有plight“困境；境況；誓約”符合題意，因此本題選B。2.參考答案：C[解析]counton依賴，指望；account賬目，賬戶；accountfor對……做出解釋；count計(jì)數(shù)。故選C項(xiàng)。3.參考答案：B4.參考答案：D[解析]句意：我們接受并堅(jiān)持自己的信念，是因?yàn)?，或者部分是因?yàn)椋@樣做值得。clingto堅(jiān)持。stickto堅(jiān)持。兩者意思最為接近。agreeon達(dá)成一致。relyon依靠；信賴。故選D。5.參考答案：B[解析]carryout是“執(zhí)行”的意思。revise“修改，修繕”；implement“執(zhí)行，推進(jìn)”；review“復(fù)習(xí)”；improve“提高”。本題只有B選項(xiàng)與劃線詞語義最相近，故選B。6.參考答案：B[解析]atthemercyof受……所支配，與inthepowerof同義。undertheguidanceof在……的指導(dǎo)下；onthevergeof接近于；ontheagendaof提上日程。故選B項(xiàng)。7.參考答案：B[解析]本題空格處是說逐詞逐句直譯。B項(xiàng)literal“文字的，字面的”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)liberal“慷慨的，不拘泥的”，literary“文學(xué)上的，從事寫作的”，literate“有文化的”都不正確。8.參考答案：D[考點(diǎn)]固定搭配[解析]familiarity是形容詞familiar的名詞形式，其搭配也相同，familiaritywith意為“熟悉，熟諳”，如：HisfamiliaritywiththelanguagesusedinNigeriasurprisedme.(他對尼日利亞各種語言的精通使我驚奇。)acquisitionof“獲得……”，如：Whatisevenmoreimportantistheformationofcharacterratherthanthemereacquisitionofknowledge.(更為重要的是形成性格而不僅僅是獲得知識(shí)。)discriminationfrom(between)“區(qū)分”，如：discriminationbetweenrightandwrong“明辨是非”；discriminationagainst“歧視，排外”，如：apolicyofdiscriminationagainstforeigners“排外政策”。curiosityabout“對……好奇”。9.參考答案：C10.參考答案：D[解析]這段對話表明了A方對牙疼的厭惡。fedupwith意為“對……表示厭惡”。11.參考答案：C[解析]本題前半句是說他在圖書館里的幾小時(shí)很有成效。C項(xiàng)的resultful“富有成效的”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)resulting“作為結(jié)果的”，resultative“表示結(jié)果的”，resultless“無結(jié)果的”都不正確。12.參考答案：B[解析]definite“確定的，明確的”；intentional“故意的”，它的名詞intention“意圖”；interactive“互動(dòng)的”；delicate“纖細(xì)的，文雅的”。deliberate意為“故意的”，根據(jù)句意，故選B。13.參考答案：D14.參考答案：D將when改成that。15.參考答案：[參考范文]

Don'tHesitatetoSay"No"

Inourdailylife,therearemanyoccasionsonwhichweshouldnothesitatetosay"No"whenaskedforhelp.Foronething,whenwearenotabletoofferhelp,weshouldgiveothersadirectreply"No".Foranother,whenthethingweareaskedforisunreasonableorevenillegal,weshouldalsosay"No"totheasker.

However,itisnotthecaseinourreallife.Manypeopleprefertosay"Yes"whentheyshouldsay"No".Ononehand,theyareafraidtolosetheirownfaces.Sincetheythinkrefusalmeanstheirinability.Ontheotherhand,theyareafraidtooffendtheiracquaintances,suchastheirfriends,relativesandsoon.

Infact,therearemanydisadvantagesindoingso.Atfirst,theyarenotableenoughorwillingenoughtodothethingforothers.Therefore,thethingcannotbeaccomplishedwell.Atlast,theymayloseboththeiracquaintances'trustandtheirownfaces.16.參考答案：A[解析]句意：因此，已經(jīng)使用了許多其他的方法。therefore意為“因此”，afterwards意為“后來，然后”，however意為“然而”，furthermore意為“此外，而且”。therefore與accordingly(因此，所以)意思相近。故選A。17.參考答案：TheDigitalAge

Thereisnodoubtthatthisnewcenturyisbecominganageofdigitalproducts,thenewly-inventedfacilitiessupportedbydigitaltechnology.Theseproductshavefoundtheirwayintopeople'slifealmostovernight.Yettheyhaveproducedsuchatremendousimpactonus.

Thepositiveeffectsofthedigitalproductsareobvious.Foronething,theyhavebroughtusgreatconveniencesinourlife.Forexample,WecandownloadwhateverweneedintoMP3andtakethemwhereverwego,whichenablesustoenjoymusicorstudyforeignlanguageswheneverandwhereverwelike.Foranother,theyhavemadelifemorecolorful.Withdigitalvideocamerasathand,everyonecanbecomeadirectorandrecordsallthesweetmomentsinourlife,suchasthebirthdaypartyofhiskidsandparents,theweddingceremonyofhisbeloved,orevenaspringpicnicinthepark.Thesedigitalproductshavethusgreatlyenrichedourlife.

However,forallthebenefitsbroughtaboutbythedigitalproducts,theirnegativeeffectsshouldnotbeoverlooked.Theyhavemadeiteasiertoviolatepeople'sprivacyandmayalsoleadtomorebreachofcopyright.Andwhatisworseisthattheover-dependenceonthemforfunmayresultinlesseffectiveinterpersonalcommunication.Ithinkweshouldrealizealltheirpositiveandnegativeeffectsandlearntolivewiththechangestheyhavebroughttoourlife.[解析]本文要求描述一個(gè)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，并且分析這一現(xiàn)象對人們生活的各方面產(chǎn)生的影響，包括利和弊。因此第一段應(yīng)寫當(dāng)前數(shù)字化產(chǎn)品越來越豐富，對人們的生活產(chǎn)生極大的影響。第二段具體寫數(shù)字化產(chǎn)品對人們生活有利的影響。比如，給人們的生活帶來便捷和效率，使人們的生活豐富多彩。第三段寫數(shù)字化產(chǎn)品對人們生活會(huì)帶來的負(fù)面影響。比如，更容易侵犯他人的隱私，導(dǎo)致更多侵權(quán)，特別是對數(shù)字化產(chǎn)品上癮可能會(huì)引起有效人際交際的缺失。最后以概括結(jié)尾。18.參考答案：HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview

Nowadays,inanevertighterjobmarket,greatimportancehasbeenattachedtoaninterviewbyboththeemployerandtheapplicant.Theinterview,sotospeak,hadbecomeindispensibleforgettingasatisfactoryjob.Ontheonehand,theinterviewercantakeadvantageoftheoccasiontolearnaboutthecandidates,suchastheirworkexperiences,educationandtheirpersonalities,soastopickouttherightcandidatesforthecompany.Ontheotherhand,theintervieweecanmakeuseoftheopportunitytogettoknowthejobheisgoingtotakeup,thecredibilityofthefirmtowhichhehasapplied,andtheworkingtonalitiesaswell.

Essentialasitis,thejobinterviewisfarfromfearful.Wellbegun,halfdone.Excellentperformanceinitwillenablethewould-beemployeetosecurethejob.Buthowcanonesucceedinit?

Firstofall,theintervieweehastopayattentiontohisorherappearance.Thoughwecanneverjudgeapersonbyhisappearance,thefirstimpressionisalwayswherewestart.Secondly,goodmannersareequallyimportant.Theintervieweehastobeneithertooproudnortootimid.Justbecourteous.Thirdly,theintervieweemustdemonstratehisaptitudeandskillsforthejobandknowledge.[解析]本文的主題是“如何在求職面試中取得成功”，因此首段可以談及面試在求職過程中的作用，然后分析取得面試成功的因素，如儀表、舉止、談吐、能力、專業(yè)知識(shí)、自信、實(shí)事求是等。19.參考答案：學(xué)術(shù)自由指個(gè)體有權(quán)自由地表達(dá)他們對所在機(jī)構(gòu)或系統(tǒng)的意見，有權(quán)履行他們的職責(zé)而不受歧視或者擔(dān)心政府與其他人的壓制，有權(quán)參加專業(yè)或有代表性的學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體，以及有權(quán)享受所有國際公認(rèn)的適用于在同一管轄范圍內(nèi)的其他人群的人權(quán)。在享有學(xué)術(shù)自由權(quán)利的同時(shí)也需承擔(dān)義務(wù)，例如，尊重他人的學(xué)術(shù)自由，確保對反對觀點(diǎn)的合理討論，并且一視同仁的義務(wù)。20.參考答案：[參考范文]

AboutCorruption

Inrecentyears,eviltendencieshavebeengrowinginourcountryagain,andhavebroughtaboutaverybadinfluence.Asoureconomygrows,sodoestheopportunityfordishonesty.Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentopreventcorruptionandseverelypunishthosewhodiminishthefaiththepeoplehaveintheirgovernmentofficials.

Mostleadersandofficialsworkhardforthepeopleandregardthemselvesaspublicservants,butafewcannotresistthetemptationofmoneyandbecomecorrupt.Theseofficialsarealwaysthinkingabouthowtomakethebestuseoftheirpowertogetthemostmoney.Theyoftenacceptbribesbyillegallysellingthecountry'sinterests,whichwillcertainlyleadtolossesofourcountry'spropertyanddamagetheimageofourgovernment.Wordedaboutbeingpunishedoneday,justliketheofficialinthepicture,someofthemdon'tdarecallthepolicewhenathiefstealstheirillegitimateincome.

Weshouldtakemeasurestoputanendtotheseeviltendencies.Thegovernmentmustbestrictwithallofficialsandpunishthoselaw-breakersseverely.Inaddition,asupervisorysystemmustbesetuptoensurethatthegovernmentatalllevelsworksheartandsoulforthepeople.21.參考答案：D[解析]A方說音樂會(huì)爆滿，B方的回答應(yīng)該與之相關(guān)，只有D項(xiàng)的回答符合對話的語境。22.參考答案：[參考范文]

TheQualitiesofaGoodTeacher

Amongyourteachers,theremustbesomeyoulikemost.Didyoueverwonderwhyyouspottedthem?Agoodteacherisonewhoisknowledgeableinone'sfield,liberal-mindedandconscientiouslyprovidesthestudentswithenlightenedandmatureguidancetohelpthemformacorrectoutlookonlifeandtheworld.

Thequalitiesofagoodteacherareeasilydiscernible.Agoodteacheriscompetentforimpartingknowledge.Theyoutlinethelecturesclearly,expoundondetails,andquotecopiouslyfromvarioussources.Theirlecturesentrancethestudentsandurgethemtofindoutmoreaboutthesubjectafterclass.Agoodteacherisliberal-minded,hencetolerantofthevariedopinionsofthestudents,thoughthistoleranceiswell-disciplined,encouraginginitiativeanddiscouragingbigotry.Finally,agoodteacherteachesstudentsuniversalwisdominadditiontoknowledgefrombooks.StudentslivingintheIvoryTowerareeasilypuzzledorevenupsetbythenumerouscomplicatedsocialphenomena,andarenotsurewhatstandtheyshouldtake.Agoodteachershouldofferthemmoralsupportinpursuitoftruth,good,andbeauty.

Agoodteachercanbeeitheranextrovertorintrovert,buttheabovequalitiessparkleandcapturestudents.Asamatteroffact,thesequalitiescanbeconcludedbyoneword,charisma.Ifyouobserveagoodteacherclosely,youmightalsodevelopsuchqualities,andbecomeanintellectuallyattractivepersoninlife.23.參考答案：C24.參考答案：C25.參考答案：全球?yàn)?zāi)難所致的死亡人數(shù)每年有較大變化，但死亡人數(shù)卻不斷在增加。災(zāi)難專家稱災(zāi)難的增加至少部分原因要?dú)w咎于城市人口的增長。從海地和智利的災(zāi)難性地震到普降于美國華盛頓的暴風(fēng)雪，2010年全球因自然災(zāi)害所致的死亡人數(shù)已經(jīng)超過年平均數(shù)。同往年相比，2010年全球因自然災(zāi)害所致的死亡人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)不止20萬，大大超出正常范圍。聯(lián)合國國際減災(zāi)策略署(ISDR)提供的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，從2000年至2009年10年期間，全球年均因自然災(zāi)害所致的死亡人數(shù)為7.8萬人。[解析]分句解析

1．Globaldisasterdeathtollsvarygreatlyyear-to-year.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為簡單句，程度副詞greatly及時(shí)間副詞year-to-year均修飾動(dòng)詞謂語vary，翻譯時(shí)根據(jù)漢語的表述習(xí)慣需作相應(yīng)調(diào)整。

【難點(diǎn)詞匯】varygreatly指變化較大。

varyyear-to-year年年有別。

【參考譯文】每年全球?yàn)?zāi)難所致的死亡人數(shù)有所變化，年年不同。

2．Buttheyhavealsorisenovertime.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為簡單句。

【難點(diǎn)詞匯】代詞they在句中指代deathtolls，翻譯時(shí)需還原譯為“死亡人數(shù)”。

【參考譯文】但死亡人數(shù)卻不斷在增加。

3．Disasterexpertssaytheriseintragedyisatleastpartlyduetoincreasesinurbanpopulations.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為復(fù)合句，theriseintragedyisatleastpartlyduetoincreasesinurbanpopulations為謂語動(dòng)詞say的賓語，在say之后省略了關(guān)聯(lián)詞that。介詞短語dueto后接名詞短語increasesinurbanpopulations，同樣地，名詞increases也是中心詞，inurbanpopulations為其后置定語。

【難點(diǎn)詞匯】theriseintragedy意為悲劇(災(zāi)難)的增加，介詞短語intragedy后置修飾名詞rise。

【參考譯文】災(zāi)難專家稱災(zāi)難的增加至少部分原因要?dú)w咎于城市人口的增長。

4．FromthecatastrophicHaitiandChileanearthquakestotheU.S.blizzardthatdescendedonWashington,D.C.,2010isalreadyaboveaverageintermsofnatural-disastercasualties.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為復(fù)合句，其中名詞blizzard后接that引導(dǎo)的定語從句descendedonWashington,D.C.

【難點(diǎn)詞匯】形容詞catastrophic意為“災(zāi)難的、悲慘的”。例如：

Thepolicyhadacatastrophiceffectonthewholenation.

這一政策對整個(gè)民族產(chǎn)生了災(zāi)難性的影響。

blizzardthatdescendedonWashington,D.C意為“華盛頓普降的暴風(fēng)雪”。

descend有“下降、降落”之意。例如：

Darknesshasnowdescendedandthemoonshineshazilyinthesky.

夜幕降臨，空中月色朦朧。

短語intermsof意為“以……方式；在……方面”，例如：

Hethinksabouteverythingintermsofmoney.

他一切從錢的角度考慮。

【參考譯文】從海地和智利的災(zāi)難性地震到普降于美國華盛頓的暴風(fēng)雪，2010年全球因自然災(zāi)害所致的死亡人數(shù)已超過年平均數(shù)。

5．Incomparisontopreviousyears,thenumberofcasualtiesfromnaturaldisastersin2010,whichisalreadywellabove200,000,isoutsidethenorm.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主要句架為：

Incomparisontopreviousyears,thenumberofcasualties...which...isoutsidethenorm.

其中主語為thenumberofcasualties，后接which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，isoutsidethenorm為表語。

【難點(diǎn)詞匯】短語incomparisontopreviousyears意為“與往年相比”。

wellabove意為“大大超過、遠(yuǎn)不止”。此處well為程度副詞。

outsidethenorm意為“超出基準(zhǔn)”，即“超出年平均數(shù)”。名詞norm有“基準(zhǔn)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”之意。例如：

Familiesoftwoorthreekidsarethenorminthecountry

這個(gè)國家一般每家有兩到三個(gè)孩子。

【參考譯文】同往年相比，2010年的死亡人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)不止20萬，大大超出正常范圍。

6．Overthedecadefrom2000totheendof2009,theyearlyaveragewas78,000,accordingtotheUnitedNationsInternationalStrategyforDisasterReduction(ISDR).

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為簡單句。句末的介詞短語accordingtotheUnitedNationsInternationalStrategyforDisasterReduction(ISDR)為信息來源，翻譯時(shí)需根據(jù)漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣采取逆譯法處置。還需注意的是，翻譯本句時(shí)，要根據(jù)上下文的需要，補(bǔ)足一些必要的信息，以使譯文更為通暢。

【難點(diǎn)詞匯】yearlyaverage意為“年平均數(shù)”，其中yearly為形容詞，意為“每年的”，

例如：

Thegovernmentsetsayearlybudgetforhealthcare.

政府每年為醫(yī)保設(shè)立預(yù)算。

【參考譯文】聯(lián)合國國際減災(zāi)策略署(ISDR)提供的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，從2000年至2009年10年期間，全球年均因自然災(zāi)害所致的死亡人數(shù)為7.8萬人。26.參考答案：C[解析]句意：人們正在開發(fā)利用太陽能的技術(shù)。convert意為“使轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換”，store意為“貯藏，儲(chǔ)存”，utilize意為“利用，使用”，receive意為“收到”。utilize與harness(利用)意思相近。故選C。27.參考答案：C[解析]hazards表示“危險(xiǎn)，可能的危險(xiǎn)之源”

A．冒險(xiǎn)(之事)；B．愉快，樂事；C．危險(xiǎn)；D．后果28.參考答案：[參考范文]

TheIdealPublicLibrary

Apubliclibraryisorganizedforpeopletoconsulttheinformationtheyneed.AsfarasI'mconcerned,inadditiontoprovidingmaterials,theidealpubliclibraryshouldalsoprovidethefollowingservices.

Firstly,asthebasicfunctionofanideallibrary,itshouldprovidequietareasforreadingandstudying.Thequietatmosphereenablesthereaderstoreadandthinkdeeplyaboutthematerialstheyarereading.Secondly,thelibrarymayprovidepublicfacilitiesforpeopletogetaccesstotheelectronicresourcesortheInternet.Audio-booksofwiderangeshouldbeavailableforthereadersaswell,includingfictions,foreignlanguagematerials,etc.Thirdly,thelibrarymayalsooffercasualdining,suchascoffeeandquickmeal.Lastbutnotleast,servicesbeyondthewallsmaybeextended.Byprovidingonlineservicesandanalyzinglargeamountofinformation,thelibraryprovidesreadersmoreefficientandsufficientmaterialstheyarelookingfor.

Tosumup,inmyopinion,thecharacteristicsmentionedabovearethefundamentalrequirementsanidealpubliclibraryshouldmeet.[解析]本篇作文屬于議論性作文，并且給出了確定的題目。寫好這類作文要注意幾點(diǎn)：審題要準(zhǔn)，定位要清；邏輯清晰，合情合理；內(nèi)容充實(shí)，詳略得當(dāng)；內(nèi)容完整，首尾呼應(yīng)。文章可以大致這樣寫：第一段大致描述一下背景，給出自己的觀點(diǎn)；第二段展開段落并進(jìn)行充分地論證；第三段總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。29.參考答案：D30.參考答案：D[解析]donate“捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)與”；check“檢查，核對”；withhold“使停止，保留，抑制”；release“釋放”劃線單詞giveoff的意思是“釋放”，與release詞義相近，故本題選D。31.參考答案：D[解析]patient“有耐心的”；generous“慷慨的”；emotional“情緒的，情感的”；responsive“敏感的，反應(yīng)迅速的；應(yīng)答的”。這里需要選擇和sensitive(敏感的)相近的詞，故選D。32.參考答案：B[解析]將各選項(xiàng)代入，只有prosecuted“被起訴的”符合題意，因此本題選B。33.參考答案：Thetendencyofinfantmortalityandlifeexpectancy

Indicatedaboveisasetofgraphsshowingthetendencyofinfantmortalityandlifeexpectancyinacountryforthepast50years.Accordingtothebarchartontheleft,infantmortalitydeclinedfromabout150perthousandin1949tolessthan50in2002.Inthesameperiod,lifeexpectancyofoldpeopleisontherise.Asisillustratedfromthebarchartontheright,ithasincreasedfrom40yearsoldtomorethan70yearsold.

Personally,Ibelievethattworeasonscanaccountforthischange.First,medicalskillshavebeengreatlyimprovedinthepastfiftyyears.Asaresult,doctorsandnursescanresorttomoreadvancedmedicaltechnologiestokeeptrackofchildren'sphysicalconditions,whichwillbestillustratethedeclineofinfantmortality.Second,alongwiththeeconomicgrowth,people'slivingstandardshavebecomebetter.Inthissituation,peoplearewell-fed,andwarmlyclothed.Undercomfortablelivingconditions,people'slifeexpectancyincreasedaccordingly.

Onthebasisoftheanalysisabove,itissafetoconcludethatcertainexcitingchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscountry.Ibelievethatthistrendwillbegoingonforabetterdirection.[解析]本篇為根據(jù)圖表寫作題。文章的第一段按要求闡述圖表所傳達(dá)的意義，即嬰兒的死亡率在下降，而人的壽命在不斷增長。中間段分析這種現(xiàn)象的原因，最后對未來的發(fā)展趨勢進(jìn)行預(yù)測。34.參考答案：B[解析]此題還是考查形近義異詞的詞義差別。transmission“傳播，傳送”；transaction“交易”；transformation“轉(zhuǎn)變”；transition“轉(zhuǎn)變”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有前綴trans-，其含義為“from...to...”，詞根mit，mis表示“send”，transmit即sendsth.from...to...，句中已給overalongdistance，所以應(yīng)選B。

題句意：起初，遠(yuǎn)距離轉(zhuǎn)播彩色畫面似乎不可能，但后來經(jīng)過艱苦的努力花費(fèi)了很大的代價(jià)終于成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。35.參考答案：A[解析]四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：decomposed分解，腐爛；denounced指責(zé)，譴責(zé)；detached孤立的，分離的；deduced推論，演繹。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選擇A。36.參考答案：[參考范文]

CompetitionandCooperation

Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife.Youcanfinditeverywhere.Atthesametimeyoucanalsoseecooperationhereandthere.

Competitionisoneofthemotivesoftheconstantdevelopmentofthemankind.Thepressureofcompetitioncanforceamantotryhisbestandthenhecoulddothingsbetterandbetter.Onthecontraryifonehasnoopponent,hewillbegintobelazyandlosetheenergyofworkinghardtomakeprogress.Sothemankindcouldn'tdevelopwithoutcompetition.Buttherearemanydifficultiesinthelongwayofdevelopment.Insomecasesamanisveryhardtoconquerthosedifficulties.Sopureandexclusivecompetitionleadstofailure.Itwillbemucheasiertosolvethemifmanypeoplegettogether.Theimportanceofcooperationjustliesonit.Ifweignoretheneedsofcooperationandjustdothingsseparately,wealsowouldnotbeabletoobtainourgoals.

Competitionandcooperationarebothnecessarytothemankind.Competitionwillmakeusbealwaysactivetocreate.Cooperationgivesusthepossibilityofconqueringthegreattroubles.Onlycompetitiontogetherwithcooperationcallhelpustobecomebetterallthetime.37.參考答案：C改為what，既充當(dāng)is的表語又充當(dāng)beafter的介詞賓語，這種雙重成分只能用what，正如前面已經(jīng)提過，可以將what理解為thething(s)that。該句意為：一個(gè)更為復(fù)雜的分析表明：木材產(chǎn)品的擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)，而非對木材產(chǎn)品的抵制，才是我們真正應(yīng)該追求的(beafter)。38.參考答案：[參考范文]

MyApproachtoPersonalSuccess

Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatasuccessfulpersonshouldmakegreatercontributionstosocialprogressandthewellbeings.However,asuccessfulpersonalsomeanshispersonalhappinessinreturn,atleast,inmostcases.

ThoughIaminexperiencedinfightingforfutureasayoungman,IknowfirstofallImuststudyandworkhard.Workinghardmeansovercomingdifficultiesandlearningtobemorecreativeandoriginalinachievingwhattheotherscan'torfailto.

Bydoingso,Ithink,firstofall,weshouldhaveadefinitelifegoal.Secondly,wemustalwayscheckourplansa