2022~2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷題集（含解析）

1came1cameacrossanIndianinAfghanistanwhosaid1shouldpayavisittohiminKanpur,andhegavemehisaddress:"IliveinRailwayBazaar,"asaconsequenceofwhich1hadmytitleearlyonTheGreatRailwayBazaaronmyreturnin1974,appearingthefollowingyeartogoviralandsellwellpandit'sstillinprint,inmanylanguages.Afewyearslater,anideafloodingintomymind,1tookasimilartrip,mostlybytrain,frommyhomeinBostontoPatagonia,andwroteaboutitinTheOldPatagonianExpress.That'sthepast.Nothingisthesamenow.Allsuchtripsareuniqueandunrepeatable.It'snotjustthatthesteamtrainsofAsiaaregone.Muchofthepeaceandorderisgone.Who'driskanIraniantrainnowortakeabusthroughAfghanistan?Alltravelbooksareoutoffashion,buttheypreservesomethingofthepastthatwouldotherwisebelost.1.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordaimprovisationalMinparagraph2mean?A.Impressive.B.Unprepared.C.Interesting.D.Unforgettable.2.WhichwordcanbestdescribetheauthorJstrip?一、閱讀理解Justapproximately50yearsago,needingmoneytosupportfamilypmynovelsweren'tbestsellerspIhadtheideaoftakingthelongesttraintripimaginableandwritingatravelbookaboutit.Thetripwouldbeimprovisalionalpnocreditcard,noideawhereTdbestaying,noranyideaofhowlongthistripwouldtake.Neverhad1writtenatravelbook,thoughI'dreadmanyofthem.Myfavoriteswerethosegivingavividanddetaileddescriptionofadifficultandunpleasantexperience,withupsanddowns.But1hopedmytripwouldn'tbethat,despitethefactthatitwasobviouslyanadventure.1setoffwithonesmallbagcontainingclothes,amapofAsia,andsometravelers*cheques,1madeittoMashhad,travelledbybusthroughAfghanistanandrodetherailsagain.Sometimesthreatened,nowandthentired,occasionallylayingupwithfoodpoisoning,1hadanarrowescapepallofthesevividdetailsformystory.2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷“Young“Youngpeopleoncampushavebothaspirationsandconfusionabouttheirfuture,butmostofushaverefusedtosetourselvesupinchainstowasteopportunitiesandchallenges,wapostgraduatestudenttoldtheGlobalTimes."Itsnouserunningaway.1haveto*standup'andfacetherealitysoonerorlater."5.Whatmighthavecausedthe"lyingdown"lifestyleamongtheyoung?A.Growingpressurefromfamilyandsociallife.B.Improvementsinlivingconditions.C.Increasingmaterialpossessionsfromfamilies.D.Temporaryadjustmenttofailureincompetitions.6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.2probablymean?7.What,sthescholar*sattitudetowardthe"lyingdown"group?A.Understanding.B.Objective.C.Supportive.D.Unclear.8.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheyounggenerationfromthetext?A.Theywouldratherescapethantakechallenges.B.Theyreallyenjoythe"lyingdownwlifestyle.C.Theyfindtheirdreamsfarbeyondtheirreach.D.Theyneverreallydroptheirresponsibilities.Basedonlargelanguagemodels,theartificialintelligencetoolChatGPTcanoffereverythingfromanswerstobasicgeneralknowledgequestions,towritingessaysandpoemsinnaturalEnglish.AskChatGPTtowriteaboutthehistoryoftheFrenchRevolutionorBattlesofHastings,anditwillprovideaperfectessayinlessthanasecond.It'ssuchapowerfultoolopenlyaccessibletoanystudentforfree.However,Al-basedplagiarism（抄襲）orsocalled“Algiarism"isfasttakingoffacrossstudentpopulationsinternationally,ringingalarmbellsinschoolsanduniversitiesaroundtheworld.ThedevelopersOpenAlhavesincedecidedtopreventthemisuseofitstechnology.Thecompanyisdevelopingasystem,watermarks,foridentifyingthosewhocheatbysubmittingessayswrittenbyChatGPT.Byusingthesystemwhichchangescertainworksintoarecognizablepattern,themachinewrittentextcouldbeidentifiedbyanyonelookingforthesigns.Thesechangeswouldnotnotbenoticeabletothereader.Theresearcherssaythatbysettingupthiskindofsecuritysystem,itcouldpreventthetechnologyfrombeingmisusedforwhateverreason.Suchmeasureswillalsopreventanoverdependenceonthetool,whichstillhasalongwaytogobeforeimprovingitsaccuracy,duetothefactthatitcollectstheinformationfromallovertheinternet.Open/XlCEOSamAllmansaidinastatementthatitwouldbeamistaketodependonitforanythingimportantatthisstage.Schoolsalsointurnhavetriedtotakemattersintotheirownhands,withmanyacrossEuropeandtheUSupdatingtheirpoliciestowarnofpunishmentsforthosewhoarecaughtusingtheprogramimproperly.OtherschoolshavelimitedinternetnetworkaccesstoChatGPToncampus.ExaminershavethesensetoidentifyessayswrittenbyChatGPTbyalackofemotionorpersonalexperiencesinthem.ThisabilityisahumanadvanlageAlwillslruggleI。copy.9.WhydoestheauthormentionFrenchRevolutionandBattlesofHastings?C.TointroducewhatAlgiarismis.D.Tomakeacom10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesystemmentionedinparagraph2?A.Thereadersareclearaboutthesystem'sfunction.B.ThereadersareconfidentaboutChatGPT'sfuture.C.ItwillprobablypreventanoverdependenceonChatGPT.D.IthassuccessfullyrecognizedessayswrittenbyChatGPT.11.Whatmessagedoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphtrytoconvey?A.Alisabletomatchhumans.B.Alisstrugglingtosurvivenow.C.Alhasanadvantageoverhumans.D.Alcan'tcopyeverythingfrom12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChatGPT—apowerfultoolB.ChatGPTisforbiddeninschoolsC.OpenAlisdevelopinganewsystemD.ActionsagainstthemisuseofCanasmallgroupofdrones（無人機(jī)）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseacheachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtodayys"eyesinthesky"technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.TheycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofraiIwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.ThatincludeshugesavingsinmainlenancecostsandbetterprotectionofraiIwaypersonnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews'efforts.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAlandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.13.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones'abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones'reliableperformanceinremoteareas.14.Whatdoes"maintenance"underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.15.What15.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.16.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDronesC.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFaceD.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways二、七選五Everysingletimeyoustepoutsideyourcomfortzone,youattractabundancetoyou.17Hereareafewwaystohelpyoustepoutsideyourcomfortzoneandintoyourvastpower:Beforesteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone,beclearonwhyyouwanttodoso.18.The"why"iswhatwillkeepyoufocusedandconnectedtoyourvisionandkeepyoumotivatedifyouaremetwithanychallengesorobstacles.Excusesarenothingmorethanaformofself-sabotage.（自我懈怠）19.Butwemustexposeourexcusesforwhattheyreallyare:anexpressionofourfearanddoubt.Theycomeouttoholdusbackfrommovingforwardandsteppingintoourpowerwhenwesubconsciouslyfeelthatwearenotyetreadyforgreatness.Thewaytoremoveexcusesistoquestioneveryaspectofthem.Byquestioningthem,wetakeawaytheirpower.Whenwestepoutsideourcomfortzone,everythingwillbenew,whichmeansthatinevitablywewillbefacedwithsomeobstaclestoovercome.Challengesareanunavoidablepartoflifeand,ratherthanseeingthemaslimitations,1urgeyoutobegintoseethemasgiftsandopportunities.Challengesgiveusthechancetoshowupforourselves,tolearnsomethingnew,tobuildstrength,knowledge,andadaptability.21.Makeachoice,rightnow,tobeguidedbychallengesthatyoumayfaceinsteadofbeingputoffbythem.Indoingso,yousendamessagetotheuniversethatsays,"1amstronger三、完形填空1should1shouldfeel35of.1amlearningthatbeingbalddoesn,tchangewho1am,andif1don'tletitaffectmysell'36thenotherpeopleare22.A.mildB.calmC.upsetD.relieved23.A.CheckingB.PolishingC.ClearingD.Covering26.A.ReachingB.ShiftingC.FeelingD.Running27.A.delayB.avoid28.A.attachedB.connectedC.guidedD.applied29.A.AfterallB.WorsestillC.InbriefD.Bycontrast30.A.motionB.procedureC.routineD.mission31.A.breakoutB.drawtoacloseC.fadeaway32.A.revealB.restrictC.distributeD.highlight34.A.blowB.creditC.exceptionD.miracle36.A.evaluationB.introductionC.acceptanceD.dependence四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesefemalescientistTUYouyou,37(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicineonOct6whenshewas85yearsold,was38firstChinesecitizentowinaNobelPrizeinscience.Tu39(share)theprizewiththeIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandSatoshiomuraofJapan.TuYouyouisacommittedandpatientresearcherattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicine.Shewasawarded40developingartemisinin,“anewdrugtherapyagainstmalaria"41hassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide,42(especial)indevelopingcountries,theNobelAssemblysaidonitswebsite.Tuandhercolleaguesjoinedagovernmentproject43(find)anewmalariadruginthelate1960s.Theyexaminedover2,000recipesfromtraditionalChinese44(medicine)books.In1971,aftermorethan19045“Thediscovery“ThediscoveryofartemisininisagifttomankindfromtraditionalChinesemedicine.It'sthecollectiveachievementoftheresearchteam.46(win)theprizeisanhonorforChina'sscienceandtraditionalChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld."TutoldXinhua.五、其他應(yīng)用文47.假定你是育才中學(xué)學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Davis發(fā)來郵件，詢問你是如何利用博物館資源促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的。請(qǐng)你給他回一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.博物館資源情況；2.你的經(jīng)歷；3.你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右：2.可話當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。(fail),Tu'steamfinallyfoundanextractthatwas100percenteffectiveagainstmalaria.六、讀后續(xù)寫48.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。18-year-oldcollegestudent,draggedhimselfhome.HehadbeenworkingatKFCforoveramonththatsummervacation.Enteringhisroom,AdamfoundhisyoungerbrotherBillsittingontheedgeofhisbedwithanuneasyexpressiononhisface.“Sorry,Adam.I…1didsomethingwrong,"Billsprangupandsaidnervously.cupofcoffeeandbeganchattingwithhim.Afterhalfanhour,thedooropenedandincameOsman.Havingsaidhello注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Adamclearedhisthroatandbegantospeak.Adamrequestedeagerly.“Whatisit?”“ThisafternoonIsneaked（溜）outforarideonyourmotorcycleandaccidentallyhitourneighborOsmanBrookJscar.1wassoscaredand1???1hurriedhomeinpanic."“Isthecarseriouslydamaged?w“Theleftheadlightgotbroken.”"It'strulyyourfaultandit'sreallydangeroustorideamotorcycleatyourage.Besides,it'sillegal,wAdamraisedhisvoice,obviouslyannoyed.Hearingthis,Billloweredhisheadandbithislipshard.“Anyway,it'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Iwilldealwithittomorrow.Nowyougotobedandhaveagoodsleep."ThenextmorningwhenAdamgotup,Billwasstillsleepingsoundly.Adamwasmoredeterminedaboutwhatheoughttodoasanelderbrother.Afterbreakfast,Adamtookoutallthemoneyhehadearnedandwentoutofthehousewithit.Intheyardhesawhismotorcycle,onwhosesidethescratches（劃痕）wereclearlyvisible.Adamshookhisheadandsighedslightly.ThenhesquaredhisshouldersandquickenedhispacetoOsman*shouse.Osmanhadgonetothegaragetohavehiscarrepaired."1havesomethingimportanttotellhim.CanIwaituntilhecomesback?wJustJustthen,therecameaknockatthedoor.參考答案【導(dǎo)語】參考答案【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了50年前他在亞洲的一次冒險(xiǎn)之旅，感慨一個(gè)時(shí)代的過去，而他的游記保存了那段歷史。也不知道這次旅行要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。）"可知，作者的旅行沒有任命規(guī)劃和準(zhǔn)備，所以improvisational與unprepared意思相近，意為"無準(zhǔn)備的故選B項(xiàng)。和一些旅行支票的小包出發(fā)了。我到達(dá)了馬什哈德，乘公共汽車穿過阿富汗，然后又坐上了火車。有時(shí)受到威脅，有時(shí)疲憊不堪，偶爾因?yàn)槭澄镏卸咎稍诖采希宜览锾由灰凰羞@些都是我故事中生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)。）”可推知，這是一次冒險(xiǎn)之旅。故選B項(xiàng)。RailwayBazaaronmyreturnin1974（我在阿富汗遇到一個(gè)印度人，他說普爾拜訪他，他給了我他的地址：“我住在鐵路巴扎。”因此，1974年我回國(guó)時(shí)，我的《大鐵路巴扎》一書的早期就有了標(biāo)題）"可知，作者在阿富汗遇到一個(gè)印度朋友給了他書名《大鐵路巴扎》的靈感。故選A項(xiàng)。去的事了?，F(xiàn)在什么都不一樣了。所有這些旅行都是獨(dú)一無二的，不可重復(fù)的。這不僅試卷第12頁，共21頁【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，文章講述的是在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)中，許多年輕人渴望暫時(shí)停下來喘口氣。【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，文章講述的是在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)中，許多年輕人渴望暫時(shí)停下來喘口氣。因此他們選擇“躺平"。雖然如此，但是大多數(shù)人都不想浪費(fèi)機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)，也不會(huì)真正放下自己所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Manymillennials（千禧一代）andgenerationZs千福一代和z一代向《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》抱怨，工作壓力、家庭糾紛和經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力等負(fù)擔(dān)把他們“推到了墻角”。）”可知，來自家庭和社會(huì)生活中的日益增長(zhǎng)的壓力可能是導(dǎo)致年輕人選擇“躺平”生活方式的主要原因。故選A。6.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中劃線詞前面的"burdens包括工作壓力）”以及劃線詞后面的“financialpressure（經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力）”可知，此處劃線詞與這些詞構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故應(yīng)該是貶義詞，argument意為“紛爭(zhēng)，爭(zhēng)論”，與劃線詞dispute為近義詞。故選B。承受壓力，而是喜歡暫時(shí)躺下作為宣泄和調(diào)整。）"以及下文的“Itisn。wonderthat一些年輕人，在日益增長(zhǎng)的壓力下，從撫養(yǎng)孩子到住房成本，試圖生活在簡(jiǎn)單的方式，把煩惱拋在身后。）”可知，學(xué)者們對(duì)“躺平”群體的態(tài)度是理解的。故選A。8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Youngpeopleoncampushavebothaspirationsandinchainstowasteopportunitiesandchallenges.（校園里的年輕人對(duì)他們的未來既有憧憬又有困惑，但我們大多數(shù)人拒絕把自己束縛在浪費(fèi)機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)的枷鎖中。）”僅是因?yàn)閬喼薜恼羝疖囅Я恕４蟛糠值暮推脚c秩序已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在?，F(xiàn)在誰會(huì)冒險(xiǎn)坐伊朗火車或者坐大巴穿過阿富汗?所有的旅行書都過時(shí)了，但它們保留了一些過去的東西，否則這些東西就會(huì)丟失。）”可知，作者在最后一段想告訴我們他的游記保存了歷史，保存了一些可能會(huì)丟失的東西。故選C項(xiàng)。orlaterorlater.（是沒有用的。我遲早要'站起來'面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。）”可知，他們不會(huì)逃避，不會(huì)真正的放下自己的責(zé)任。故選D。thanasecond.（讓ChatGPT寫一篇關(guān)于法國(guó)大革命或黑斯廷斯戰(zhàn)役的歷史，它會(huì)在不到一秒鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)提供一篇完美的文章。）”可知，作者提到法國(guó)大革命和黑斯廷斯戰(zhàn)役來展示ChatGPT的強(qiáng)大功能。故選B項(xiàng)。（這些措施還將防止對(duì)該工具的過度依賴，由于它收集了來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的所有信息，因此在提高其準(zhǔn)確性之前還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。）”可知，這可能會(huì)防止對(duì)ChatGPT的過度依賴。故選C項(xiàng)。通過ChatGPT寫的文章缺乏情感或個(gè)人經(jīng)歷來識(shí)別它們。）”說明通過ChatGPT寫的文章缺乏情感或個(gè)人經(jīng)歷，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€句"ThisabilityisahumanadvantageAlwillstruggleI。copy.”應(yīng)為"人工智能不能復(fù)制人類的一切”的意思。故選D項(xiàng)。ChatGPT.（開發(fā)者OpenAl已經(jīng)決定防止其技術(shù)被濫用。該公司正在開發(fā)一種名為'水印'的系統(tǒng)，用于識(shí)別那些通過提交ChatGPT撰寫的論文而作弊的人。）”可知，本文講述了OpenAl公司正在開發(fā)一種系統(tǒng)，防止濫用ChatGPToD項(xiàng)"防止濫用ChatGPT的行動(dòng)”符合主題，故選D項(xiàng)。試卷第14頁，共21頁【導(dǎo)語】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”的技術(shù)，無人機(jī)能在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時(shí)又能幫助鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元。13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexamine線。他們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查鐵路線路和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，如鐵路軌道和換乘點(diǎn)的正確位置）”可推知，使用無人機(jī)檢查電力線使無人機(jī)應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能。故選A。（據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，僅歐洲鐵路公司每年在鐵路維護(hù)上的花費(fèi)就約為200億歐元，其中包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）”可知花在maintenance上的費(fèi)用是用ofrailwaypersonnelsafety”是指大幅節(jié)省檢修成本和更好地保護(hù)鐵路人員安全，畫線詞和C項(xiàng)：Inspectionandrepair（檢修）含義相近。故選C。15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后—段"VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAlwouldbeabletoreactintime.（帶有先進(jìn)傳感器和人工智能的非常小的無人機(jī)可以像副駕駛一樣在火車前面行駛。憑借他們的預(yù)見能力，他們可以發(fā)出任何問題的信號(hào)，以便快速行駛的火車能夠及時(shí)做出反應(yīng)）"可知，對(duì)于無人機(jī)期待的功能是提前發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。故選A。trainsona24/7basis.（一小群無人機(jī)能否在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時(shí)，幫助鐵路運(yùn)營(yíng)商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元？這很可能是應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”技術(shù)的未來，以確保全【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了踏出舒適圈的三個(gè)步驟?！緦?dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了踏出舒適圈的三個(gè)步驟。abundancetoyou.（每當(dāng)你走出舒適區(qū)，你就會(huì)吸引更多的人。）”可知，空處承接上是因?yàn)槠孥E發(fā)生在你的舒適區(qū)之外。）符合語境。故選F。18.根據(jù)段落小標(biāo)題"Beclearonyourwhy.（明確你的原因。）”可知，這一段講的是為什么要這樣做。E項(xiàng)中的“The“why””和標(biāo)題對(duì)應(yīng)。E項(xiàng)：The“why”iswhat故選E。不過是自我懈怠的一種形式。）”可知，借口只不過是自我懈怠。B選項(xiàng)的“they”指代的就是excuses,他們就是來阻礙我們前進(jìn)的。B項(xiàng)：Theygiveusan"out”.（它們給我們一個(gè)“出局”。）符合語境。故選B。toovercome.（當(dāng)我們走出自己的舒適區(qū)，一切都將是新的，這意味著我們將不可避免地面臨一些需要克服的障礙。）"可知，本段主要講述的是要努力戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)。C項(xiàng)中的challenges.（面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)不要放棄。）符合語境。故選C。展示自我的機(jī)會(huì)，讓我們學(xué)習(xí)新東西，增強(qiáng)力量、知識(shí)和適應(yīng)能力。）”可知，這里講述了挑戰(zhàn)的好處，空處承接上文，繼續(xù)講挑戰(zhàn)的好處。G項(xiàng)：Challengespushusinnew球數(shù)百萬公里的鐵路軌道和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施全天候安全運(yùn)行。）”以及后文第二段講到了使用無人機(jī)檢查電力線路使無人機(jī)應(yīng)用于鐵路線路成為可能;第三段講到了使用無人機(jī)大幅節(jié)省維護(hù)成本和更好地保護(hù)鐵路人員安全；第四段講到了通過使用最新的技術(shù)，無人機(jī)還可以開始為鐵路提供更高的價(jià)值，可知文章主要講述了無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來,所以D項(xiàng)“無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來?！狈衔恼轮行乃枷?，適合作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。試卷第16頁，共21頁【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者深受禿頂?shù)睦_，去看了醫(yī)生也于事無補(bǔ)，猶豫再三，作者還是告訴了朋友實(shí)情，結(jié)果朋友都沒把它當(dāng)回事。這讓作者意識(shí)到不要為自己感到羞恥，要接受真實(shí)的自己。22.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我努力使自己聽起來平靜。A.mild不嚴(yán)重的；B.calm平靜的；C.upset沮喪的；D.relieved放心的。根據(jù)上文“Mom'salarmedcryhitmelikeashock.（媽媽驚恐的哭聲像電擊一樣擊中了我）"以及"Itriedtoshrugitoff.“It'11growback.”（我試圖聳聳肩?！八鼤?huì)再長(zhǎng)出來的?！保笨芍?，作者聽到媽媽的話努力讓自己聽起來平靜。故選B。23.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：用我的手指檢查斑點(diǎn)成為每天的首要任務(wù)。A.Checking檢查；B.Polishing拋光;C.Clearing清理；D.Covering覆蓋。根據(jù)后文uthespotwithmyfingersw指用手指檢查頭上的斑點(diǎn)。故選A。24.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周后，斑點(diǎn)變大了一些，仍然沒有任何毛發(fā)從皮膚中長(zhǎng)出來的跡象。A.sense感覺；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.sign跡象；D.way方法。根據(jù)上文"thespotwasalittlelarger可知，斑點(diǎn)變大了一些，仍然沒有任何毛發(fā)從皮膚中長(zhǎng)出來的跡象。故選C。25.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始恐慌起來，但還是盡量保持冷靜。A.wonder想知道：B.panic恐慌；C.swing擺動(dòng)；D.withdraw撤回。根據(jù)后文but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知，作者開始恐慌起來，但還是盡量保持冷靜。故選B。26.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)用手指撥弄頭發(fā)，凝視著我手中驚人的毛發(fā)，希望這種情況不要再發(fā)生在我身上。A.Reaching研究；B.Shifting轉(zhuǎn)換；C.Feeling感覺；D.Running奔跑：移動(dòng)（某物）。根據(jù)后文“myfingersthroughit"指作者用手指撥弄頭發(fā)，此處runone*sfingersthroughthehair意為"用手指摩挈著頭發(fā)故選D。27.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)用手指撥弄頭發(fā)，凝視著我手中驚人的毛發(fā)，希望這種情況不要再發(fā)生在我身上。A.delay延遲；B.avoid避免；C.cease終止；D.keep保持。根據(jù)后文"happeningtome”可知，作者的頭發(fā)掉了很多，所以是希望這種情directionsandgiveusnewperspectives.（挑戰(zhàn)把我們推向新的方向，給我們新的視角。）符合語境。故選G。況可以停止。故選況可以停止。故選C。28.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他建議嘗試一種注射，將其用于頭部皮膚。A.attached附上；B.connected連接；C.guided指導(dǎo)；D.applied應(yīng)用；用。根據(jù)后文"totheheadskin”可知，醫(yī)生建議把這種注射用到頭部皮膚上。故選D。29.考查介詞短語辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，注射開始影響我的睡眠，我們最終不得不停止這一程序。A.Afterall畢竟；B.Worsestill更糟的是；C.Inbrief簡(jiǎn)言之；D.Bycontrast相比之下。根據(jù)后文“theinjectionbegantotroublemysleep”可知，頭發(fā)沒有長(zhǎng)回來，更糟糕的是，注射開始影響作者的睡眠，故選B。30.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，注射開始影響我的睡眠，我們最終不得不停止這一程序。A.motion運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.procedure過程；C.routine常規(guī)；D.mission任務(wù)。根據(jù)上文"Iunderwentseveralcostlyinjectionsoverafewmonths,butinvain.（我在幾個(gè)月里接受了幾次昂貴的注射，但都無濟(jì)于事）”可知，注射影響了睡眠，所以最終不得不停止往頭部皮膚注射藥物這一過程。故選B。31.考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我不得不每天戴著假發(fā)上學(xué)，擔(dān)心有一天假發(fā)會(huì)掉下來，一切都會(huì)暴露出來。A.breakout爆發(fā)；B.drawtoaclose接近尾聲；C.fadeaway褪色；D.cometolight暴露。根據(jù)上文“worrieditmightsliponedayandthateverythingwould可知，作者擔(dān)心有一天假發(fā)會(huì)掉下來，將沒有頭發(fā)的部分暴露出來。故選D。32.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我知道我應(yīng)該把事實(shí)告訴我的朋友，但我很害怕，不知道他們會(huì)如何處理這個(gè)信息。A.reveal揭示；B.restrict限制；C.distribute分配；D.highlighI突出。根據(jù)后文"thefacttomyfriendsw此處指把事實(shí)揭示給朋友，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞revealo故選A。33.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不管怎樣，經(jīng)過幾天的掙扎，我猶豫地告訴他們發(fā)生了根據(jù)后文"hesitantly,Itoldthemwhatwashappeningafterdaysofstruggle”可知，不管怎樣，經(jīng)過幾天的掙扎，作者還是猶豫地告訴他們發(fā)生了什么。故選C。34.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)我來說是個(gè)奇跡。A.blow吹：B.credit信用；C.exception例外；D.miracle奇跡。根據(jù)上文“hesitantly,Itoldthemwhatwashappeningafterdaysofstruggle.Tomysurprise,theyallthoughtnothingofit”可知，作者一開始很擔(dān)心朋友知道后的反應(yīng)，結(jié)果朋友不在意這件事，所以是個(gè)奇跡。故選D。35.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我開始意識(shí)到發(fā)生的一切不是我的錯(cuò)，也不應(yīng)該感到試卷第18頁，共21頁羞恥。A.羞恥。A.proud驕傲的：B.ashamed羞愧的；C.fond喜歡的;D.guilty內(nèi)疚的。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，作者不敢告訴朋友，是因?yàn)橛X得禿頭很羞恥。故選B。36.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道禿頂不會(huì)改變我是誰，如果我不讓它影響我的自我接受，那么其他人也更有可能接受真實(shí)的我。A.evaluation評(píng)價(jià)；B.introduction介紹；C.acceptance接受；D.dependence依賴。根據(jù)后文“otherpeoplearemuchmorelikelytoacceptmeasIam,too”可知，作者意識(shí)到禿頭不應(yīng)該影響自己接受自我，故選C。37.awarded38.the39.shared40.for41.that/which42.especially43.tofind44.medical45.failures46.Winning【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解了科學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的經(jīng)歷。37.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：中國(guó)女科學(xué)家屠友友于10月6日獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，享年85歲，是第一位獲得諾貝爾科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)公民。邏輯主語TUYouyou與非謂語動(dòng)詞award之間是“動(dòng)賓關(guān)系”，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式的非謂語動(dòng)詞，故填awardedo38.考查冠詞。句意：中國(guó)女科學(xué)家屠友友于10月6日獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，享年85歲，是第一位獲得諾貝爾科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的中國(guó)公民。序數(shù)詞first之前，應(yīng)該加入定冠詞。故填the。39.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：屠與愛爾蘭出生的威廉?坎貝爾(WilliamCampbell)和日本的大村聰(Satoshiomura)分享了該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。本句描述“過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填sharedo40.考查介詞。句意：諾貝爾大會(huì)在其網(wǎng)站上表示，她因研制青蒿素而獲獎(jiǎng)，青蒿素是“一種新的抗瘧疾藥物”，在全世界，特別是在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，挽救了數(shù)百萬人的生命。developingartemisinin作為介詞賓語，且橫線處表示"因?yàn)椤?，故填for。41.考查定語從句。句意：諾貝爾大會(huì)在其網(wǎng)站上表示，她因研制青蒿素而獲獎(jiǎng)，青蒿素是“一種新的抗瘧疾藥物”，在全世界，特別是在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，挽救了數(shù)百萬人的生命。that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞anewdrugtherapy,在從句中作主語，故填that/whicho42.考查副詞。諾貝爾大會(huì)在其網(wǎng)站上表示，她因研制青蒿素而獲獎(jiǎng)，青蒿素是“一種新的抗瘧疾藥物”，在全世界，特別是在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，挽救了數(shù)百萬人的生命。副詞作狀語，修飾整個(gè)句子。故填especially。43.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：屠和她的同事在20世紀(jì)60年代末加入了一個(gè)政府項(xiàng)目，以尋找一種新的抗瘧藥物。不定式的非謂語動(dòng)詞表示“目的以尋找一種新的抗瘧藥物。不定式的非謂語動(dòng)詞表示“目的”，故填t。findo44.考查形容詞。句意：他們研究了2000多份傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)書中的配方。形容詞作為定語修飾名詞books,故填medicalo45.考查名詞。句意：1971年，在190多次失敗后，屠的團(tuán)隊(duì)終于找到了一種100%有效的抗瘧疾提取物。數(shù)詞190修飾可住名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填failures.,46.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：獲獎(jiǎng)是中國(guó)科學(xué)和中醫(yī)藥在世界傳播的榮譽(yù)。動(dòng)名詞在句子中作主語，故填Winningo47.DearDavis,I*mgladtohearfromyou.Personally,Ifindmuseumsagreatsourceofknowledgeandbeneficialtostudy.Actually,myclassmatesandIoftengotomuseumsandattendexhibitionsofallkinds.Suchvisitshavehelpedusgainaccesstoexcellentresourcesandfreshperspectivesondifferentsubjects.Once,inordertobetterunderstand"AncientChineseInventions*inthehistoryclass,myclasswenttoChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseum.Viewingdelicateexhibitsandlisteningtotheguide'sintroduction,IwasdeeplyimpressedbythewisdomandcreativityofancientChinesepeople.Manymuseumsalsoofferonlineshowsorlecturesnowadays.Visitingtheirwebsitesprovestobearewardingexperience.mostofthem?Dowriteandtellmeaboutit.【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。假定考生是育才中學(xué)學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)筆友Davis發(fā)來郵件，詢問你是如何利用博物館資源促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)的?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累高興的：glad-*delighted事實(shí)上：actually—?infact提供：offer—provide充分利用：makethemostof-*makefulluseof2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句試卷第20頁，共21頁【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]perspectives）[高分句型2]用了非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語）【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了在肯德基打暑假工的亞當(dāng)深夜回家后得知弟弟比爾偷開他的摩托車還把鄰居奧斯曼的汽車的左前燈撞壞了，盡管亞當(dāng)很生氣，但是第二天一早帶著打工賺的錢就去奧斯曼家道歉，他正要掏錢賠償時(shí)，比爾也來了，奧斯曼很欣賞兄弟倆的誠(chéng)實(shí)，沒有收錢，但是接受了他們?cè)谒一▓@里干點(diǎn)活來補(bǔ)償他的損失的建議?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：的建議?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“亞當(dāng)清了清嗓子，開始說話。”可知，第一段可描寫亞當(dāng)為弟弟的過錯(cuò)向奧斯曼道歉，并愿意賠償，但是奧斯曼認(rèn)為沒有必要賠償了。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“正在這時(shí)，傳來了敲門聲?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫比爾也來道歉，奧斯曼很欣賞兄弟倆的誠(chéng)實(shí)，堅(jiān)決不收錢，但是接受了兩人在花園里干點(diǎn)活來補(bǔ)償他的損失的建議。2.續(xù)寫線索：亞當(dāng)?shù)狼覆①r償一一奧斯曼拒絕賠償一一比爾上門道歉一一奧斯曼欣賞兩人的誠(chéng)實(shí)一一奧斯曼拒絕接受賠償?shù)邮軒透蓤@藝活的建議行為類②.取出：drawout/takeout情緒類①.非常抱歉：beawfullysorry/feelmostregretful②.驚慌地：inpanic/inalarmtotakeit.（由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）不定式短語作狀語，表意料之外的結(jié)果）引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句）一、閱讀理解2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷學(xué)校:姓名：班級(jí)：試卷第22頁，共21頁rockformationrockformationthatrepresentsthreesisterswhowereturnedtostoneaccordingtoAboriginallegend.Thetallestofthesistersstandsatover920mabovesealevel.Where:Three-hourdrivefromMelbourneTheGrampiansNationalParkisknownforitsamazingviews,sandstonemountains,wildflowers,wildlifeandthemust-seeMackenzieFalls.Takethe2.5-hourreturnhikethatendsinanincredibleviewoftree-coveredmountains,bluelakesandwidevalleys.Where:Two-hourdrivefromMelbourneReadyforsweepingcoastalviews,ancientrockformationsandanunbeatablefeelingoffreedom?Thenit'stimetohittheGreatOceanRoad.SomeofthemostimpressivesightsalongthewayareLochArdGorge,GibsonSteps,andLondonBridge.LakeHillierWhere:Eight-hourdrivefromPerthAlmost